Gra të njohura të trojeve shqiptare
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | RESUME
“To brave women of our nation, unrecorded bj chronicler s pen, unsung by bard’s verses and overlooked by fairies”
R. Haziri
I am using this quote in the very beginning to indicate that man}7 Albanian women who have worked for centuries for the national cause alongside men, have remained anonymous - have remained only women.
The Albanian woman through centuries alongside her husband, brother and son was very dedicated to her homeland and her offspring.
From the ancient Illyrian times, we see women participating in battles and in the decision making. The Queen Teuta did not only fight for her homeland, but she came all the way up to the royal throne.
Ever since, the woman’s fighting spirit and ability to take great responsibilities — all the way up to the throne, makes us understand the strength and power of Illyrian-AJbanian woman.
In Medieval times — the Glorious era of Scanderbeg — the Albanian woman stood by her husband, brother, son and was a strong arm of men, such as mother Vojsava, sister Mamica, wife Donika and many other anonymous heroic women and girls, who helped warriors with ammunition, food and bandaging wounds.
Here is what Vincenzo Zmajeviq wrote to Rome: “I know that among the Kelmendi fighters, there were 300 women who appeared in the battle armed with everything, and one of them even had the honour to behead the commander of Turkish army deployed in Albanian lands”. (N.B. alluding on Nora Kelmendi, who killed Vuco Pasha in his tent defending the honour of Albanian woman).
Albanian women are born amazons.
And that is not the first example of Albanian woman bravery. Throughout history we see hundreds of such examples all the way to the independence of Albania and further to independence of Kosovo, while in different historical periods there are many women fighters and patriots stand out.
In the period of independence (1909 — 1912) Albanian woman gave a particular contribution in different areas. We should mention Marigo Posio, who embroidered the national flag, but who also contributed to the society in other areas like education, culture, ecofiomy and politics.
In October 1912, the Danish newspaper “Riget” informed the international public about the Serbian conquering war in Ferizaj, against which Albanians put up an extraordinary resistance. The fight went on for 24 hours
653
against exterminating machinery. Here, there were scenes where the woman, whose husband was killed, took up his weapon and killed at least five Serb soldiers before she got killed. 1200 Albanians were killed at this slaughter in Ferizaj, (Shaban Braha, L. Freundlich, pg. 12)
In the period of Kachak Movement (Movement of Outlaws) (1918 — 1928) one may distinguish the participation of Albanian woman, who showed its heroism as well. During this period there are events and dates, battles and heroism of Albanian mothers, women and girls, amongst which stands out the heroic war of Shote Galica, the daughter of Drenica who never bowed to anyone until death.
There are many names of Albanian girls, women and mothers who during this period put up resistance and fought for their honour and motherland, as is the case of four girls from villages of Padalishta and Qtak, who went to mountains to fight, but since they did not find the other fighters, three days later returned home. Then the two sisters (Ajkuna and Elfia) of Loshaj family from Padalishta, who, when soldiers assaulted their house, managed to kill one of them with the axe, take his rifle and kill another soldier and wound a third one; as well as other girls from Padalishta (Ajshe, Hava and Hyle Loshaj, Azemine. Kigina, the wife of fighter Lute Gllanasella from Qkatova) and others.
Zylfije Zhilivoda was also known for her bravery, and together with her brother Abdullah Zhilivoda, in the battle of Kolia in 1920 was killed by Serbian army and gendarmerie together with 14 other fighters. (Dr. S. Kojgini — Uka, pg. 121-123). Or Mazllum Qafa’s daughter from village Qafa of Gostivar, who after her father was killed, unleashed her attack on murderers using sheep scissors.
There always have been such women throughout Albanian territories like in Plave, Guci, Gjilan, Drenice, Llap and other regions. A modest contribution in shedding light on the participation of women in Movement of Outlaws (Levizja Kagake) was given by Hajrie Bajginovci.
An 83 year old woman from Shenvlash of Dürres recalls: “On Februar}7 10, 1924 in the neighbourhood Zogorth of Dumnica surrounded by numerous Serbian forces, families of Mehmet Konjuhi and Bajqinovci brothers fought from dawn to dusk in their Kullas (Fortress-like houses). My grandmother, a brave woman, mobilized all the women in the Kulla to support men: the two daughters — Zylfije and Rrahime, sisters-in-law — Sabile, Xhemile, Emine and Halime, supplied them with bullets. The grandmother not only kept the morale up, but fired weapons from kulla’s embrasures, and we and the children carried ammunition. In order to save the ammunition, wromen threw stones on the enemy. She ordered Zylfije and Rrahime to grapple with gendarmes, while she continued firing from the embrasures calling out loud the names of her sons: Salih, Rushit, Hamit and Halit. After the assurance that men had broken the siege, weapons were silenced. Serbian gendarmerie burned down Mehmet
654
Konjuhi’s kuila with seven family members inside. 25 people were killed there, amongst which 18 women and children. Everything was turned into ruins; the smell of burned bodies was felt far away. Family Qtaku helped during this carnage by secretly bringing food into the prison on market days and the grandmother using baby slings pulled the food up wrapped in the headscarf. In the prison we also met many Albanian women, children and men. After three months of tortures, the Bajqinovci’s were deported to Albania. We should mention here a particular woman, Ajshe of Lote Vaku, who from 1918 — 1925 stayed by her husband in the mountains, where she gave birth to three children.
Tringa Smail Ivezaj from Gruda — who dressed up like a boy from her early childhood as her father, Smajl Martini did not have a son - fought in the battle of Malesia e Madhe; Nore Kolja — daughtertin-law of Dede Gjo Luli from Hoti, Bike Alia from JShtupeqi i Madh, Mire Terbafi from Vlora, Marie Golemi from Sopot, Hasime from Mirash of Ferizaj, Hajrie from Shkodra, Ajete of Deme Ahmeti from Mavriq, Zylfije from Zhilivoda, and many other women, in different periods of time and different Albanian areas, like Melihate Deda, Nurie Zeka, Ganimete-Terbeshi, Ibe Palikuqi, Yifete Humolli etc.
Then sisters Raba and Ajete from- Western Anamorava, who put up resistance and fell to protect the honotir of the family, their own and honour of Albanian woman (Raba killed the Bulgarian soldier with a shovel, while Ajete killed an officer and a soldier with an axe — their blood was not shed in vain.
Zelfije, dressed up in men’s clothes, was amongst 14 men from Zhilivoda who w7ere executed. There were more than 20 girls from Opoja and 5 brides from Rugova, who jumped into, the well, in order not to fall in the hands of enemy: (That is why many places and settlements have names like: “Kuvendi i Gocave” (¡The Assembly of Girls) in Martanesh — where Gjon’s girls decided to jump of die cliff, radier than fall in Turkish hands), “Bunari i Qkave” (The Gi?isy Well) in the Decani road, C£Maja e Vajzes” (The Girl s Peak) in Vuthaj, “Shkembi i Vajes” (The Lamentation Rock) near Kruja, “Guri i Vashes” (The Girl s Rock) and many other similar place names related to die sacrifice of Albanian women, which shows the resistance and sacrifice of Albanian women through centuries.
Sulltane, a 16 year old girl from Gostivar, who killed two and wounded one enemy soldier using big sheep shears. Hasime, a young brave bride from Mirash of Ferizaj, took revenge for the killing of her two brothers and later in the prisonr of Nish she proved her bravery by killing the guardian who w7as harassing her.
In Plava, a well known woman by the name Bade Alushi, fought side by side with men, against Turkish and later against Montenegrin army. Sherife, the wife of Dan Dorocit, spent whole two years in the mountains, until the moment when Dan w7as killed in Melenica of Shala on 07.04.1921.
Mother Ajshe, mother of Isa Boletini, with a pistol in her hand is said to have shouted: “Fight oh boys, do not attaint, for once we were bom and once
655
we shall die”. While, when her kullas were burned she is said to have cried out: “Let them burn them, son, they were old and we’ll build even better ones”.
In 1910 in the Battle of Ka^anik there were many women and girls who
fought under the leadership of Idriz Seferi.
In Gjakova on 12.08.1912, during the rebellion led by Bajram Curri, Albanian women not only participated in the war, but many of them voluntarily* gave away their jewellery to help the rebellion — an act that was repeated by many Kosovo women when Albanian schools were closed in 1990s). (H.I.)
Parashqevi Kita from Gostivisht of Kolonja in 1912 raised the Albanian flag on top of the roof of her house and died in front of Greek executioner Strato, saying: “It is an honour to die for Albania! I am Albanian and I die for my nation!”
Dozens of veteran female teachers were expelled from work by the UDB authorities because of their patriotic stance, like Bukurie Berisha, Marie (Ndue Lumezi), Alie Kadriu, Mejreme Ibrahim Nila), Ferasete Belegu, Myvedete Daut Kosova, Syrie Murteza Shehdula, Veronika Shahta, Nebahate and Hirmete Hoxha, Hylkije Venhari, Zylfie Karimani and others who were unacceptable according to UDB dossiers. (Dr. Sulltane Koj ;ini — Ukaj)
All these, as well as many other Albanian women, who have left marks with their resistance, fight and patriotic activities became inspiration for Shote Galica in the period of Kac^ak Movement -(Movement of Outlaws), and Shote Galica in turn became inspiration for many Albanian women in entire Albanian areas.
We should mention Hata of Nokshiq - a women who stood out for courage - no children, who killed 8 enemy soldiers with axe and threw them in her house canal, and when discovered, her house was burned with her inside it.
These heroines, who left marks in their time, were praised in the song of folk singers, like the song for Zhuj Selmani’s sister (Gale Selmani from Rugova): She wasn’t girl, but empress, killedfour people with an axe”.
Most of the songs are dedicated to Shote Galica - national heroine:
“Blessed Kosova, Blessed Drenica Shote Galica, the Heroine A mountain eagle with two wings Fought with the unitforfull twelve years”
(people).
Shore’s sisters-in-law, Dinore and Hyra, fought alongside Shote in many battles, as well as daughters of Ker of Sadri Bardhi (Sofia and Begia), mother Sherife etc.
656
Mother Sherife is said to have pulled a pair of men’s clothes from the chest, gave them to Shota wishing her a safe journey and saying to her “I wish the rifle serves you well, my brave daughter!”
In the period of antifascist war, there were many Albanian women fighters, who went out in the mountains and cities of Kosovo and other Albanian lands taking up arms alongside their partisan brothers to fight for freedom of their people, like: Ganimete Terbeshi, Hibe Palikuqja, Bije Vokshi, Hyrije Hana, Melihate Deda etc., and many other women in rear but also in the frontline, like: Myzafere (Gjinali) Hatipi, Nazmije Brovina, Gjylshahe Pula, Remzije Stavileci, Merimane Braha, Hava Koliqi e Druarit, one of the rare women fighters in the Resistance for National Liberation and Urndn, who fought in Shaban Polluzha’s Brigade together with her son Ferat against Serb partisan and chetnik forces and fell in the altar of freedom together with her son on 7 January 1945.
The names of four unbroken icons, who have left permanent traces in the history of our nation in the post World War II period are: Bije Vokshi, Musine Kokallari, Marie Shllaku and Hyrie Hana (two of them from Gjakova, two from Gjirokastra and a woman from Shkoder who fought and fell for Kosovo) - dignified women fighters for national liberation. Here is how they were sung by the bards: “Our Mountains are rumbling, country shudders for freedom, traitors cry out loud, girls in battle! how strange!” (popular)
There are many more Albanian women who fought proudly and with determination for Albanian lands, whose path was followed in different periods by many young women of our nation.
About 300 women of Vushtrri, in the early March (March 8) of 1945 — at 12:00 hrs, gathered in front of OZN building in defence of their sons, brothers, husbands and fathers who were being arrested and disappearing without a trace. The women who organized this were: Faire Lutfiu (Ferat Draga’s daughter and Ibrahim Lutfiu’s wife), Hajrie Xerxa, Nafije Kollari, Hajrije and Shehzade Nevolani, Hamide Buyinca, Nona Gerguri, Myradije Badivuku, Haxhere Hoxhaxhiku, Zade Mikullovci, Igballe Fonda, Rukije Sarayi and Xhyzide Badivuku. They were main organizers and all of them were imprisoned and maltreated. The partisan woman Nezaqete Bajrami, did not allow them to breastfeed the 1 month old baby, but threw it on the ground together with her 12 year old sister. They were claiming that protests were organized by Fahri Drenica, Rrezak Shala and Esma Maxhum - Nevolani.
There is a period of women of the underground movement and who were persecuted and sentenced to long term imprisonment, for which Dr. Teuta Hadri, being one of them, wrote not long ago.
Then came the bloody spring of 1981, a revolution that shook the already fragile foundations of former Yugoslavia. That period saw the creation of numerous groups and underground organisations, as result of which many patriotic men and women would be incarcerated and persecuted, like: Hyrie
657
Hana, Qefsere Mala, Teuta Hadri, Teuta Bekteshi, Hava Shala, Myrvcte Dreshaj, Nazire Curraj, Lumnije Azemi, Hafide Topalli and many others. The infamous Serb prisons were tilled in with Albanian women.
They were even killed or executed, like: Marie Shllaku, Ylfete Kumolli, Shukrije Obertinca and others at later periods.
This trend continued in our last liberation war, where again, without any hesitation, She —the Albanian woman — responded to the call to fight for freedom with her entire being, falling heroically, like women of Jashari family from Prekaz, Xheve (Krasniqi) Lladrovci, Hanemshahe Abdullah — Zymberi, Hyre Emini — Mira (girl of three liberation wars: Kosovo, Preshevo Valley and Ilirida, who wrote her name in the altar of freedom).
Even in die field of knowledge and culture, the Albanian women do not lag behind: diey were good for rifle but they were much better for pen.
From the history, we should mention the Romanian princess of Albanian origin Elena Gjika known as Dora d’lstria, sisters Sevasti and Farashqevi Qiriazi, Marigo Posio, Nermin Vlora-Falaski, Safete Sofia Juka and many other women of different periods of 18rn, 19ib and 20rb, but also of the beginning of 21st century, whose names in various fields of arts and culture went beyond national borders and who became known in the Balkans, Europe and world in die field of acting (Arta Dobroshi, Hire Vinca-Ceiaj, Eliza Dushku), music (Inva Mula, Lule Elezi, Nexhmije Pagarusha, Rita Ora etc.), film (Lindita and Blerta Zeqkaj etc.), and science (Exhlale Dobruna-Salihu, Edi Shukriu, Sabile Kecmezi-Basha etc.)
But above all, our nation has women of peace and humanity, for whom we are envied by the rest of the world. We have our Great Motiier, the world humanist and Nobel laureate - Gonxhe Bojaxhiu — Mother Theresa, the great Albanian mother, whom, I think, many nations would have liked to have been theirs. Woman humanist Flora Brovina (a humanist, poet, doctor, and politician) spent time in the infamous prison of Pozharevac because of her humanity and others.
I have mentioned all these names of women in die preface, some sporadic names and some that are known by the entire world, in order to at least mention their names in the women lexicon, since I will not write anything particular about them in this lexicon, as they are anonymous women and, as I said in the beginning, no chronicler s pen has written about them, and there are probably hundreds of other women that are not mentioned and who have contributed in different ways.
In consultation with my distinguished editors, we have taken into consideration the patriotic and creative activity of all those women, who made a name working outside the mother land - Albania (in Kosovo, Macedonia, Presheva Valley, Medvegja and Bujanovc, Montenegro, but also those Albanian women who created and worked for the motherland in Diaspora). Women that are not alive anymore, that have gone to eternity, women beyond their sixties,
658
but there are also many names of young women, whose fruitful creative work has exceeded national borders thus becoming known around the world!
We will not follow the alphabetical order, but we will write according to importance, time periods and different activities, divided as follows: Albanian Middle Ages, Albanian Princedoms, Albanian Renaissance, Kingdom of Albania, the first schools in* Albanian, Albanian heroines, women politicians, artists, singers and composers of classic music-players, journalists, speakers, - media, doctors, historians, archaeologists, painters, poetesses, writers, publicists, directors, professors of various courses, women of the underground movement — political prisoners througout decades, scientists — inventors, NGOs, etc,
Bebel says that Socialism is the future — first and foremost for workers ^nd women 5, and Dr. Dom Lush Gjergji at the conclusion of his book on the Role of Albanian woman in the family and society says: This is my wish and my prayer55, that is, his wish for Albanian woman is for to be emancipated in the family and society and develop like all progressive women of the world in
every walk of life!
*
As Dhimiter Shuteriqi, when speaking about the upheavals suffered by the Albanian people, sa)rs: The ferocity that passed through this shores, did not know of measure nor of laws’5, therefore Albanian woman, too, experienced many challenges and needed decades and centuries to come to where it is today.
We have included eminent women from the areas of the motherland, those prominent women that belong to the entire nation — to all Albanians wherever they are, and we have included women that were bom in Kosovo or who have originated from Kosovo.
I consider to have shown in this book, at last a little bit, names of prominent women who left traces in history with their work and deeds for the benefit of Albanianism.
Let me quote Samuel Johnson w7ho says that Dictionaries are like watches, the worst is better than none, and the best cannot be expected to go quite true55.
So this dictionary or lexicon, no matter how I call it, would be important if I would achieve my objective not to let the Albanian women who made a name to be covered by the dust of oblivion.
In the end I would like to sincerely thank my editor, Dr. Dom Lush Gjergji and editor Ms. Edi Shukriu — the only academic woman in Kosovo, for their unreserved support with suggestions, advices and proposals at all times.
I also thank very much my husband, the only person from my close family who supported me all the way!
Thank you!
Perktheu Arben THAgi
659
PERMBAJTJA
PARA TPIENIE......................................
KAPITULLII
MESJETA SHQIPTARE............................. 21
KAPITULLI II
RILINDJA SHQIPTARE..............................35
KAPITULLI III
MBRETERLA SHQIPTARE.............................47
KAPITULLI IV
HEROIN AT DHE DESHMORET.........................59
KAPITULLI V
SHKOLLAT E PARA SHQIPE TE VASLLAVE..............95
SHKOLLA SHQIPE E VASHAVE NE KORQE...............97
SHKOLLA E VASHAVE NE PRIZREN...................106
SHKOLLAT E PARA NE TREVAT E KOSOVES............107
VETERANET E ARSIMIT SHQIP NE KOSOVE............111
VETERANE DHE AKTIVISTE KULTURORE...............139
KAPITULLI VI
LUFTETARET DHE AKTIV1STET E LUFTES NACIONALCLIRIMTARE TE KOSOVES................................... 145
KAPITULLI ATI
GILA TE ILEGALES DHE TE BURGOSURA POLITIKE.....163
TE PLAGOSURAT E EDEMONSTRATAVE.................216
KAPITULLI VIII
VEPRIMTARET KOMBETARE..........................219
KAPITULLI IX
KONTRIBUTII NENES SHQIPTARE NE LÜFTE PER LIRI
241
KAPITULLI X
LUFTETARET E UCK-SE..............................253
EPRORET E POLICISE DHE USHTRISE SE KOSOVES.......259
POLICET E KOSOVES................................259
KAPITULLI XI
HUMANISTET...................................... 267
KAPITULLI XII
SHKENCETARET - PROFESORESHAT.....................275
KAPITULLI XIII
HISTORIANET......................................325
ARKEOLOGET - ETNOLOGET...........................332
KAPITULLI XIV
POLITIKANET......................................341
KAPITULLI XV
MAMITE DHE INFERMIERET E PARA NE KOSOVE..........365
MJEKET SHQIPTARE TE PROFILEVE TE NDRYSHME........377
KAPITULLI XVI
KENGETARET.......................................401
OPERISTET........................................423
KOMPOZITORET.....................................434
IN STRUMENTISTET.................................447
KAPITULLI XVII
AKTORET E TEATRIT DHE TE FILMIT..................459
HISTORIK I TEATRIT SHQIPTAR NE KOSOVE............459
FEMRAT NE TEATRIN KOSOVAR,(Jeton NEZIRAJ)........461
BALETII KOSOVES..................................495
HISTORIA E SKENES SE BALETIT NE KOSOVE...........495
VALLJA - ANSAMBLI “SHOTA”........................502
REGJISORET E KOSOVES.............................505
668
KAPITULLI XVIII
POETET DHE SHKRIMTARET...........................513
EDITORET - GAZETARET........................... 561
PIKTORET SHQIPTARE DHE PIKTURA...................587
KREATORET DHE MODELET - DISENJATORET.............600
BIZNESMENET - SIPERMARRESET......................606
SPIKERET KOSOVARE............ ...................615
SPORTISTET...................................... 619
OJQ-TE....................................... 633
ARTIZAN ATET E GRAVE TE KOSOVES..................646
ARTIZANALET E KOSOVES - FILIGRANI................648
RESUME......................................... 653
Shenime per autoren.5............................661
RECENSION (Don Lush Gjergji)
RRENJET TONA TE VJETRA DHE TE TASHME.............663
669
|
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Ilazi, Hanëmshahe 1946- |
author_GND | (DE-588)1095915274 |
author_facet | Ilazi, Hanëmshahe 1946- |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Ilazi, Hanëmshahe 1946- |
author_variant | h i hi |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV043502936 |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)951159039 (DE-599)BVBBV043502936 |
era | Geschichte gnd |
era_facet | Geschichte |
format | Book |
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genre | (DE-588)4006804-3 Biografie gnd-content |
genre_facet | Biografie |
id | DE-604.BV043502936 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-12-24T04:59:05Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9789951685252 |
language | Albanian |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-028919284 |
oclc_num | 951159039 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-12 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR |
owner_facet | DE-12 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR |
physical | 669 Seiten Porträts |
publishDate | 2015 |
publishDateSearch | 2015 |
publishDateSort | 2015 |
publisher | Koha |
record_format | marc |
series2 | Biblioteka Epoka |
spellingShingle | Ilazi, Hanëmshahe 1946- Gra të njohura të trojeve shqiptare Berühmte Persönlichkeit (DE-588)4191412-0 gnd Albanerin (DE-588)4696225-6 gnd Historische Persönlichkeit (DE-588)4025111-1 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4191412-0 (DE-588)4696225-6 (DE-588)4025111-1 (DE-588)4006804-3 |
title | Gra të njohura të trojeve shqiptare |
title_auth | Gra të njohura të trojeve shqiptare |
title_exact_search | Gra të njohura të trojeve shqiptare |
title_full | Gra të njohura të trojeve shqiptare Hanëmshahe Ilazi |
title_fullStr | Gra të njohura të trojeve shqiptare Hanëmshahe Ilazi |
title_full_unstemmed | Gra të njohura të trojeve shqiptare Hanëmshahe Ilazi |
title_short | Gra të njohura të trojeve shqiptare |
title_sort | gra te njohura te trojeve shqiptare |
topic | Berühmte Persönlichkeit (DE-588)4191412-0 gnd Albanerin (DE-588)4696225-6 gnd Historische Persönlichkeit (DE-588)4025111-1 gnd |
topic_facet | Berühmte Persönlichkeit Albanerin Historische Persönlichkeit Biografie |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028919284&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028919284&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT ilazihanemshahe gratenjohuratetrojeveshqiptare |