Plant hormone signaling systems in plant innate immunity
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| 100 | 1 | |a Vidhyasekaran, P. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Plant hormone signaling systems in plant innate immunity |c P. Vidhyasekaran |
| 264 | 1 | |a Heidelberg [u.a.] |b Springer |c 2015 | |
| 300 | |a XVII, 458 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a Signaling and Communication in Plants |v 2 | |
| 830 | 0 | |a Signaling and Communication in Plants |v 2 |w (DE-604)BV037485699 |9 2 | |
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| adam_text | P Vidhyasekaran
Plant Hormone Signaling
Systems in Plant Innate
Immunity
4^ Springer
Contents
1 Introduction 1
1 1 Plant Innate Immunity 2
1 2 Salicylic Acid Signaling 2
1 3 Jasmonate Signaling 4
1 4 Ethylene Signaling 5
1 5 Abscisic Acid Signaling 6
1 6 Auxin Signaling 7
1 7 Cytokinins 8
1 8 Gibberellins 8
1 9 Brassinosteroids 9
1 10 Plant Hormone Signaling Network 10
1 11 Can Molecular Manipulation of Plant Hormone Signaling
Network Help the Plant to Win the War Against Pathogens? 12
References 13
2 Salicylic Acid Signaling in Plant Innate Immunity 27
2 1 Salicylic Acid as an Endogenous Immune Signal in Plants 29
2 2 Biosynthesis of Salicylic Acid in Plants 29
221 Phenylalanine Pathway 29
222 Isochorismate Pathway 31
223 Role of Regulatory Proteins (EDS1,1:DS4, PAD4,
EDS5, SID2) in Salicylic Acid Biosynthesis 31
224 An RNA-Binding Protein (RBP) Ma Be Involved
in SA Biosynthesis Pathway 34
225 GH3 5 Is Involved in Salicylic Acid Biosynthesis 34
226 Role of CDR1 Gene in SA Biosynthesis 35
227 Role of FMOl Gene in SA Biosynthesis Pathway 36
228 Cytokinin May Be Involved in Activation
of Salicylic Acid Biosynthesis 36
229 Some Transcription Factors May Be Involved
in Accumulation of Salicylic Acid 36
V
vi Contents
2 3 Upstream of Salicylic Acid Signaling System 39
231 G-Proteins Trigger Salicylic Acid Biosynthesis
in SA Signaling System 39
232 Calcium Signaling May Act Upstream
of Salicylic Acid Accumulation 40
233 MAP Kinases May Act Upstream of Salicylic
Acid Accumulation 43
234 Reactive Oxygen Species May Act Upstream
of Salicylic Acid Accumulation 44
235 Nitric Oxide May Act Upstream
of Salicylic Acid Accumulation 45
2 4 Downstream Events in Salicylic Acid Signaling 46
241 Generation of Salicylic Acid Conjugates 46
242 ROS Signaling System May Act Downstream
of S A Accumulation 47
243 NO May Act Downstream of S A Accumulation 48
244 MAPK Signaling Cascade May Act Downstream
in SA Signaling System 48
2 5 SA Signaling Induces Increased Expression of Transcription
Factors to Activate SA-Responsive Defense-Related Genes 49
251 SA Induces WRKY Transcription Factors 49
252 SA Induces ERF Transcription Factors 51
2 6 NPR1 Is Master Regulator of SA Signaling 52
261 NPR 1 Acts Downstream of SA Signal 52
262 SA Controls Nuclear Translocation of NPR1 52
263 SA Modulates Proteasome-Mediated
Degradation of NPR 1 53
264 NPR 1 Interacting Proteins 55
265 SA-Dependent NPR 1 - Activated Transcription Factors 55
266 SA-Induced Expression of PR Genes,
Independent of NPR 1 57
2 7 Role of SUMO in SA Signaling System 57
2 8 SA Induces Transcription of Various Defense Genes 58
2 9 Role of SA Signaling in Stomatal Closure-Related
Immune Responses Against Bacterial Pathogens 58
2 10 SA Induces Resistance Against Viruses by Modulating
AOX-Mediated Alternative Respiratory Pathway 59
2 11 SA Triggers Small RNA-Directed RNA Silencing System 60
2 12 Enhancement of Small RNA-Directed RNA Silencing
by Salicylate Signaling System 62
2 13 Interplay Between SA-Induced AOX-Mediated
Redox Signaling and SA-Induced Small RNA-Directed
RNA Silencing 62
2 14 Salicylic Acid Signaling Is Involved in Induction
of Systemic Acquired Resistance 64
Contents
2 15 Mobile Long-Distance Signals for Induction
of Systemic Acquired Resistance 65
2 15 1 Search for Long-Distance Mobile Signal 65
2 15 2 Methyl Salicylate May Be a Mobile Signal 65
2 15 3 DIR1 and Glycerol-3-Phosphate-Dependent
Factor Mobile Signal Complex 68
2 15 4 Azelaic Acid May Be a Mobile Signal 70
2 15 5 Dehydroabietinal as a Mobile Signal 70
2 15 6 Pipecolic Acid as an SAR Long-Distance Signal 71
2 16 Role of Mediator Complex in SA-Mediated Systemic
Acquired Resistance 73
2 17 Salicylic Acid Triggers Priming and Induces Systemic
Acquired Resistance 75
2 17 1 What Is SA-Triggered Priming 75
2 17 2 Accumulation of Dormant MAPKs May Be Involved
in SA-Triggered Priming 76
2 17 3 Histone Modifications May Be Involved
in Gene Priming in SA-Induced SAR 77
2 17 4 NPR1 May Be Involved in Chromatin
Modification-Induced Priming 78
2 17 5 Histone Replacement May Be Instrumental
for Priming of SA-Responsive Loci 79
2 18 Next-Generation Systemic Acquired Resistance 80
2 19 Crosstalk Between Salicylate and Jasmonate Signaling Systems 81
2 19 1 Antagonism Between SA and J A Signaling Systems 81
2 19 2 SA May Block JA Biosynthesis 81
2 19 3 SA May Suppress JA-Responsive Gene Expression 82
2 19 4 NPR1 in the Cytosol Modulates Crosstalk
Between SA and IA Signaling Systems 83
2 19 5 Role of Glutaredoxin and TGA Transcription
Factors in the SA-JA Crosstalk 85
2 19 6 Role of MAP Kinase 4 (MPK4) in SA
and JA Crosstalk 86
2 19 7 SA May Suppress JA Signaling by Targeting
GCC-Box Motifs in JA-Responsive Promoters 87
2 19 8 JA May Inhibit SA Signaling 88
2 19 9 Synergism Between SA and JA Signaling Pathways 88
2 20 Crosstalk Between SA and ET Signaling Systems 89
2 21 Crosstalk Between SA and ABA Signaling Systems 89
2 22 Crosstalk Between SA and Auxin Signaling Systems 89
2 23 Negative Regulation of Salicylate-Mediated Immunity
by Brassinosteroid Signaling 90
2 24 SA Signaling System May Induce Resistance Against
a Wide Range of Pathogens 90
r
viii Contents
2 24 1 SA Signaling System Is Involved in Conferring
Fungal and Oomycete Disease Resistance 90
2 24 2 SA Signaling System Is Involved in Conferring
Bacterial Disease Resistance 91
2 24 3 SA Signaling System Is Involved in Conferring
Virus Disease Resistance 93
2 25 Pathogens May Suppress SA Signaling System to Cause Disease 94
2 25 1 Pathogens May Secrete Effectors to Suppress SA
Signaling System 94
2 25 2 Pathogen Produces Toxin and Suppresses SA Signaling
System to Promote Disease Development 94
2 25 3 Pathogen Manipulates the Antagonistic Effect
Between SA and JA Signaling Systems to Promote
Disease Development 96
References 96
3 Jasmonate Signaling System in Plant Innate Immunity 123
3 1 Jasmonate Signaling System Is a Key Component
in PAMP-Triggered Innate Immunity 124
3 2 Biosynthesis of Jasmonates 125
3 3 Jasmonate Biosynthesis Intermediate OPDA
in Defense Signaling 126
3 4 JA Metabolites Involved in Defense Signaling 126
341 Methyl Jasmonate 126
342 Jasmonoyl-Isoleucine 128
3 5 Upstream of JA Biosynthesis 129
351 PAMP Triggers Enhanced Biosynthesis
and Accumulation of JA 129
352 G-Proteins in the Induction of JA Biosynthesis 130
353 G-Proteins-Activated Polyamine Synthesis
in Triggering JA Biosynthesis 131
354 Calcium Signature Triggers JA Biosynthesis 134
355 Role of ROS in JA Biosynthesis Pathway 135
356 Role of NO in JA Biosynthesis Pathway 135
357 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Functioning
Upstream in JA Biosynthesis Pathway 137
358 Systemin Triggers JA Biosynthesis in Tomato 138
3 6 Jasmonate Receptor Complex in JA Signal Perception 139
361 COI1, an F-Box Protein, Is a Jasmonate Receptor 139
362 COI 1-JAZ Receptor Complex 140
363 InsP5 Potentiates JA Perception by
COI1-JAZ1 Complex 140
364 JA-Ile Promotes Physical Interaction Between
JAZ land COI1 140 f
r
Contents ix
3 7 JA Signaling Pathway 141
371 JAZ Proteins Suppress JA Signaling 141
372 Role of COI1 Protein in the Degradation of
JAZ Proteins by E3 Ubiquitin Ligase 142
373 Role of JA-Ile in the JAZ Degradation by
26S Proteasome 143
374 MYC2, MYC3, and MYC4 Transcription
Factors Regulate JA-Responsive Gene Expression 144
3 8 Mediator Complex Regulates Transcription of JA-Responsive
Genes by Interacting with Transcription Factors 147
3 9 MAP Kinases May Regulate the Downstream Events
in JA Signaling Pathway 150
3 10 Histone Acetylation May Regulate JA-Mediated
Signaling Systems 152
3 11 JA-Induced Pepl Peptide Amplifies JA Downstream
Signaling to Induce JA-Responsive Genes 153
3 12 Transcription Factors Acting Downstream of JA
in Defense Signaling System 154
3 13 JA Signaling System-Activated Defense Genes 156
3 14 JA Signaling System Triggers Immune Responses
Against Necrotrophic Pathogens 157
3 15 JA and Ethylene Signaling Pathways May Operate
Concomitantly in Plant Innate Immune System 158
3 15 1 Cooperative Function of JA and ET Signaling Pathways
in Plant Innate Immunity 158
3 15 2 ERF Transcription Factors May Concurrently
Modulate JA and ET Signaling Pathways
in Plant Immune System 159
3 15 3 Role of Ethylene Transcription Factors EIN3 and EIL1
in JA/ET Signaling Synergy 160
3 15 4 Ethylene Signaling System May Protect JA Signaling
System Against Its SA-Mediated Suppression 161
3 16 JA Signaling May Suppress SA Signaling System 162
3 17 Suppression of JA Signaling by SA Signaling System 163
3 17 1 SA Suppresses Biosynthesis of JA 163
3 17 2 SA Suppresses JA Signaling System by Targeting
GCC-Box Motifs in JA-Responsivc Promoters 164
3 17 3 Role of WRKY62 Transcription Factor
in the Suppression of JA Signaling by SA 165
3 17 4 Role of WRKY70 and MYB Transcription
Factors in the Suppression of JA Signaling by SA 166
3 17 5 WRKY50 and WRKY51 Transcription Factors
May Modulate JA Signaling Suppression by SA 166
3 17 6 Role of TGA Transcription Factors in the Suppression
of JA Signaling by SA 167
t
3 18 Interplay Between JA and Abscisic Acid Signaling Systems
in Plant Immune Responses 168
3 19 Crosstalk Between JA Signaling and Small RNA
Signaling Systems 169
3 20 JA Signaling in Induced Systemic Immunity 171
3 20 1 JA Signaling Plays Major Role in Induced
Systemic Resistance 171
3 20 2 Mobile Signal Involved in Induced
Systemic Resistance 173
3 20 3 Priming in Induced Systemic resistance 173
References 174
Ethylene Signaling System in Plant Innate Immunity 195
4 1 Ethylene Signaling Is an Important Component
in Plant Innate Immunity 196
4 2 Ethylene Biosynthesis in Plants 197
421 Enzymes Involved in Ethylene Biosynthesis 197
422 Pathogen Infection Triggers Enhanced Expression
of Ethylene Biosynthesis Genes 199
423 PAMPs/HAMPs Induce Expression of ET Biosynthesis
Genes and Trigger ET Biosynthesis 199
424 G-Proteins May Trigger Ethylene
Biosynthesis Pathway 200
425 Role of Ca2+ Influx-Mediated Ca2+ Signature
in Ethylene Biosynthesis 201
426 Role of Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase (CDPK)
in Induction of Ethylene Biosynthesis 202
427 Reactive Oxygen Species May Trigger Transcription
of Ethylene Biosynthesis Genes 202
428 Nitric Oxide May Trigger Activation of Ethylene
Biosynthesis Enzymes 204
429 MAP Kinase Cascades May Induce Biosynthesis
of Ethylene 204
4 2 10 Role of Ubiquitin-Proteasome
in Ethylene Biosynthesis 208
4 3 Ethylene Signal Transduction Downstream
of Ethylene Biosynthesis 208
431 Ethylene Signal Perception by Membrane-Bound
Receptor Complex 208
432 Ethylene Receptors Physically Interact with CTR1
and Transmit the Ethylene Signal 211
433 EIN2 Acts as the Central Regulator
of Ethylene Signaling 212
434 Regulation of the Interaction of EIN2 and Ethylene
Receptors by Protein Phosphorylation 213
Contents xi
435 EIN3/EIL Family of Proteins Functioning Downstream
of EIN2 in Ethylene Signaling Pathway 215
436 ETRI-RTE1-Mediated CTR1-Independent Ethylene
Signaling Pathway 218
4 4 ERF Transcription Factors Functioning Downstream
in Ethylene Signaling System 219
4 5 ROS and NO Signaling Systems Activate Transcription
of Ethylene-Responsive Genes 221
4 6 MAPK Cascade May Regulate Ethylene Signaling System 222
4 7 Ethylene Signaling Triggers Transcription of Plant Pattern
Recognition Receptors (PRRs) in PAMP-PRR
Signaling System 223
4 8 Ethylene Triggers Ca2+ Influx in Downstream Ethylene
Signaling System 224
4 9 Ethylene and Jasmonate Signaling Interdependency
in Triggering Plant Immune Responses 225
4 10 Ethylene Induces Transcription of Defense-Related Genes 228
4 11 Ethylene Signaling System Modulates Plant Immune
Signaling System Triggering Resistance or Susceptibility
Against Different Pathogens 229
References 231
5 Abscisic Acid Signaling System in Plant Innate Immunity 245
5 1 Abscisic Acid as a Multifaceted Plant Hormone Signal
Triggering or Suppressing Plant Defense Responses 246
5 2 ABA Biosynthesis in Innate Immune Responses 251
521 Pathogen/PAMP Triggers Biosynthesis
and Accumulation of ABA 251
522 ABA Biosynthesis Pathway 251
523 G-Proteins May Be Involved in ABA Biosynthesis 253
5 3 ABA Perception and Signal Transduction 254
531 ABA Signaling Pathway 254
532 ABA Receptors 256
533 PYR/PYL/RCAR Negatively Regulates PP2C 258
534 ABA-Bound PYR/PYL/RCAR Can Shift ABA
Signaling Status to Active State 259
535 ABA-Induced PP2C Phosphatase Inhibition Leads
to SnRK2 Protein Kinase-Activated Phosphorylation
of ABA-Responsive Genes 259
536 Phosphatases in ABA Signaling Network 260
537 Role of SnRK2 Protein Kinase in ABA Signaling 261
538 Phospholipase D in ABA Signaling Pathway 264
5 4 ABA Signaling Events Downstream of PYR/PYL/RCAR-
PP2C-SNRK2 Signaling Complex 265
541 Role of G-Proteins in ABA Downstream Signaling 265
XII Contents
542 Role of Ca2+ Signaling System in ABA
Downstream Signaling 268
543 ABA Activates ROS Signaling System Downstream
of ABA Signaling System 270
544 Nitric Oxide (NO) Acts Downstream of H202 in ABA
Signaling System 271
545 MAP Kinases Function Downstream of ABA
Signaling System 271
546 ABA Regulates the Expression of Several
Transcription Factors 272
5 5 Systemic Movement of ABA and Intercellular ABA
Signaling Pathway 273
551 AtABCG25 Is Involved in the Intercellular Transport
of ABA in ABA Signaling Pathway 273
552 AtABCG40 Is Involved in Intercellular
Transport of ABA in ABA Signaling Pathway 274
5 6 Interplay Between ABA and JA Signaling Systems 274
561 ABA Signaling and JA Signaling Pathways
May Be Interconnected 274
562 ABA and JA May Act Cooperatively in the Induction
of Defense Genes 276
563 ABA May Suppress JA-Activated Defense Responses 276
564 Role of Mediator Subunit MED25 in ABA and JA
Signaling Interplay 277
5 7 Interplay Between ABA and SA Signaling Systems 278
571 ABA May Suppress SA Biosynthesis 278
572 Suppression of SA Signaling System by ABA 279
573 Reciprocal Antagonistic Interaction Between ABA
and SA Signaling Systems 280
574 Synergistic Interaction Between ABA and SA
Signaling Systems 281
5 8 Interplay Between ABA and Ethylene Signaling Systems 282
581 ABA Activates Ethylene Biosynthesis and Ethylene
Signaling Pathway 282
582 Ethylene Signaling Triggers ABA Biosynthesis 283
583 Synergistic and Antagonistic Interaction
Between ABA and Ethylene Signaling Systems 285
5 9 ABA Signaling System May Trigger Defense Responses
Against Pathogens 285
591 ABA Signaling Is Involved in Conferring
Resistance Against a Wide Range of Pathogens 285
592 ABA Signaling System Triggers Callose
Deposition and Confers Disease Resistance 286
593 ABA Signaling Cascade May Trigger
Stomatal Closure Immune Responses 287
r
Contents xiii
594 ABA Signaling May Modulate Other Hormone Signaling
Systems and Trigger Defense Responses 288
5 10 ABA Signaling System May Confer Susceptibility
Against Pathogens 289
5 10 1 ABA Induces Susceptibility Against Fungal
and Bacterial Pathogens 289
5 10 2 ABA May Suppress Plant Immune Responses
and Induce Susceptibility 289
5 10 3 ABA May Modulate JA, SA, and ET
Signaling Pathways and Confer Susceptibility
Against Pathogens 290
5 11 Pathogens May Suppress Host Defense Mechanisms
by Activating ABA Signaling System to Cause Disease 291
5 12 Pathogens May Hijack ABA Signaling Pathway
to Cause Disease 291
5 13 Pathogen Produces Toxins/Effectors and Suppresses
ABA-Dependent Defenses 292
References 292
6 Auxin Signaling System in Plant Innate Immunity 311
6 1 Auxin as a Signaling Molecule 312
6 2 Auxin Biosynthesis 312
6 3 Auxin Signaling Pathway 314
631 Auxin-Binding Proteins/Receptors 314
632 Auxin-I A A Proteins 314
633 Auxin Response Factor (ARF) Proteins 315
634 Auxin-Inducible Gene Expression 316
635 Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Auxin
Signaling Pathway 316
636 Auxin Homeostasis 319
637 Auxin Transport 320
6 4 Pathogen Infection Elevates Auxin Biosynthesis in Plants 321
6 5 Antagonism Between Auxin Signaling
and PAMPs/Elicitors-Triggered Signaling Systems 322
6 6 Antagonism Between Auxin Signaling and HAMP/Endogenous
Elicitor-Triggered Signaling Systems 324
6 7 Interplay Between Auxin Signaling and Mitogen-Activated
Protein Kinase Mediated Signaling Systems 326
6 8 Nitric Oxide Modulates Auxin Signaling 327
6 9 Interaction Between Auxin and Salicylic Acid (SA)
Signaling Systems 327
691 Repression of Auxin Signaling Pathway
by Salicylic Acid 327
692 Auxin Signaling Compromises the Induction
of SA Signaling 328
xiv C ontents
693 Auxin Response Gene (GH3) Modulates SA Signaling 329
6 10 Role of Auxin Signaling in Systemic Acquired
Resistance (SAR) 330
6 11 Interactions Between Auxin and Jasmonate Signaling Systems 331
6 12 Interaction Between Auxin and Ethylene Signaling Systems 333
6 13 Interaction Between Small RNAs and Auxin Signaling Systems 335
6 14 Auxin Signaling May Promote Susceptibility 336
6 14 1 Enhanced Auxin Levels Promote Susceptibility 336
6 14 2 Role of Auxin Receptors in Promoting Disease
Susceptibility 337
6 14 3 Role of Aux/IAA Proteins in Promoting Susceptibility 338
6 14 4 Role of the Auxin-Responsive GH3 Genes in Promoting
Disease Susceptibility 339
6 14 5 Conjugated Auxin Promotes Plant
Disease Susceptibility 341
6 14 6 Role of Auxin Transport System in Promoting
Disease Susceptibility 342
6 15 Auxin Signaling May Promote Plant Disease Resistance 342
6 15 1 Overexpression of Auxi n- Responsive Genes
Promote Disease Resistance 342
6 15 2 Auxin Response Factors Modulate Plant
Defense Responses 343
6 15 3 Exogenous Application of Auxin Induces
Plant Disease Resistance 344
References 344
7 Cytokinin Signaling System in Plant Immunity 359
7 1 Cytokinin Signaling in Plant Immune System 360
7 2 Cytokinin Biosynthesis 360
7 3 Cytokinin Degradation 362
7 4 Cytokinin Signal Perception and Transduction 362
741 Cytokinin Receptors 362
742 Cytokinin Phosphorelay Signaling System 363
7 5 Cytokinin-Responsive Genes 366
7 6 Cytokinins May Be Involved in Triggering Defense Responses 367
761 Cytokinins Confer Resistance Against Pathogens 367
762 Cytokinin Augments Plant Immune Responses by
Enhancing Callose Deposition 368
763 Cytokinin May Trigger Accumulation of Antimicrobial
Phytoalexins to Confer Disease Resistance 368
764 Cytokinins Induce Priming of Plant Cells for Activation
of Defense-Related Genes 368
765 Cytokinin May Modulate SA Signaling
System to Trigger Immune Responses 369
Contents xv
766 Cytokinins May Induce Resistance Independently
of SA Signaling System 369
767 Cytokinins May Modulate Redox Signaling to Trigger
Immune Responses 370
7 7 Cytokinins May Induce Susceptibility 370
7 8 Interplay Between Cytokinin and SA Signaling Pathways
in Plant Immune System 371
781 Cytokinin May Enhance SA Biosynthesis 371
782 Type-B ARR Interacts with TGA3 of SA Signaling
Pathway to Trigger Immune Responses 372
783 Type-A ARRs Negatively Regulate SA-Dependent
Immune Responses 373
784 Cytokinin Synergistically Acts with SA to Trigger
Immune Responses 374
7 9 Interaction Between Cytokinin and Abscisic
Acid Signaling Systems 374
7 10 Interplay Between Cytokinin and Auxin Signaling Systems
in Plant Immunity 376
References 377
8 Gibberellin Signaling in Plant Innate Immunity 383
8 1 Role of Gibberellins in Plant Immune Responses 383
8 2 Biosynthesis of Gibberellins 384
8 3 GA Signaling Pathway 384
831 GA Signal Receptors 384
832 DELLA Proteins, Repressors of GA Signaling 386
833 Suppression of the Repressive Activity of DELLAs
by Proteasome-Dependent Degradation of DELLAs 386
8 4 GA Triggers Susceptibility or Resistance Against Different
Pathogens 388
841 GA Triggers Resistance Against Pathogens 388
842 GAs May Negatively Regulate Plant Defense
Responses and Induce Susceptibility 388
8 5 Interplay of GA Signaling System with SA Signaling System
in Modulating Plant Immune System 389
8 6 Interplay of GA and JA Signaling Systems
in Modulating Plant Immune System 391
861 Antagonistic Interaction Between GA
and JA Signaling Systems 391
862 JA Induces Enhanced Expression of DELLA Genes
Involved in GA Signaling 391
863 DELLAs Modulate JA Responses by Degrading JAZ
Proteins and/or Sequestering JAZs into
Inactive Complexes 392
xvi Contents
864 GA Attenuates the Expression
of JA-Responsive Genes 393
8 7 Interplay Between GA and Brassinosteroids Signaling Systems
in Plant Immune Responses 394
8 8 Interplay Between GA and Auxin Signaling Systems 395
8 9 GA May Be Involved in Triggering Systemic Acquired
Resistance (SAR) 395
8 10 Pathogen May Suppress GA Signaling Pathway
to Cause Disease 396
References 396
9 Brassinosteroid Signaling in Plant Immune System 403
9 1 Brassinosteroids Modulate Plant Immune Responses 404
9 2 Biosynthesis of Brassinosteroids 404
921 Pathogen Triggers Brassinosteroid (BR) Biosynthesis 404
922 BR Biosynthesis via Mevalonate Pathway 405
923 Early and Late C-6 Oxidation Pathways Involved
in BR Biosynthesis 407
924 C-22 Oxidation Branch in Brassinosteroid
Biosynthetic Pathway 408
925 Homeostasis of Brassinosteroids 408
9 3 Brassinosteroid Signaling System 411
931 BRI1 as a Brassinosteroid Receptor 411
932 BRL1 as an Additional BR Receptor 412
933 BAK1 Acts as a Co-receptor in BR Signal Reception 413
934 Autophosphorylation of BRI1 and BAK1 414
935 BKI1, a Negative Regulator of BRI 1 Signaling 415
936 BR Signaling Events Downstream of BR
Signal Perception 415
937 Brassinosteroid-Signaling Kinases (BSKs) 418
938 BRI1 SUPPRESSOR 1 (BSU1) Phosphatase 419
939 MSBP1 Negatively Regulates
Brassinosteroid Signaling 420
9 3 10 CDG1 in BR Signal Transduction 420
9 3 11 BIN2 Negatively Regulates BR Signaling 421
9 3 12 Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A) 422
9 3 13 BZR1 and BES1 (BZR2) Transcription Factors 422
9 3 14 Function of 14-3-3 Proteins in Regulation of Activities
of BZR Transcription Factors 424
9 4 Pathogen Modulates Brassinosteroid Signaling System
in Infected Plants 425
9 5 BR Signaling Triggers Plant Disease Resistance 427
9 6 BAK1 in the BR Signaling Pathway Triggers
Plant Disease Resistance 427
t
Contents xvii
9 7 BR Signaling Machinery Negatively Regulates
Plant Immune Responses and Induces Susceptibility 42K
9 8 Brassinosteroid Signaling Negatively Regulates
Salicylate-Mediated Immunity 428
9 9 BR Signaling Negatively Regulates Gibberellic
Acid (GA)-Mediated Plant Immune Responses 42l»
9 10 Interplay Between BR and PAMP-PRR Signaling Systems 430
9 10 1 PAMP-PRR Signaling Complex 430
9 10 2 Crosstalk Between BR Biosynthesis Pathway
and PAMP-PRR Signaling 431
9 10 3 Overexpression of BRI1 Antagonizes BAKl-Mediated
PAMP-PRR Signaling 431
9 10 4 BR-Responsive Transcription Regulator
BZR1 May Suppress PAMP-PRR Signaling System 433
9 10 5 Antagonistic Regulation of PAMP-Triggered Immunity
by the bHLH transcription Factor HBI1 433
9 10 6 Activation of BRI1 Pathway Leads to Inhibition
of PAMP-Triggered Immunity 433
9 10 7 Inhibition of PRR-Mediated Immune Signaling
by BR Perception 435
9 11 Pathogen Hijacks Brassinosteroid Signaling Machinery
to Cause Disease 435
9 12 Crosstalk Between BR and Other Hormone Signaling Systems 435
References 436
Index 445
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Vidhyasekaran, P. |
| author_facet | Vidhyasekaran, P. |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Vidhyasekaran, P. |
| author_variant | p v pv |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV042067926 |
| classification_rvk | WN 5320 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)915560468 (DE-599)BVBBV042067926 |
| discipline | Biologie |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV042067926 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T01:11:52Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789401792844 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027508663 |
| oclc_num | 915560468 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-11 |
| owner_facet | DE-11 |
| physical | XVII, 458 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publishDateSearch | 2015 |
| publishDateSort | 2015 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Signaling and Communication in Plants |
| series2 | Signaling and Communication in Plants |
| spelling | Vidhyasekaran, P. Verfasser aut Plant hormone signaling systems in plant innate immunity P. Vidhyasekaran Heidelberg [u.a.] Springer 2015 XVII, 458 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Signaling and Communication in Plants 2 Signaling and Communication in Plants 2 (DE-604)BV037485699 2 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027508663&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Vidhyasekaran, P. Plant hormone signaling systems in plant innate immunity Signaling and Communication in Plants |
| title | Plant hormone signaling systems in plant innate immunity |
| title_auth | Plant hormone signaling systems in plant innate immunity |
| title_exact_search | Plant hormone signaling systems in plant innate immunity |
| title_full | Plant hormone signaling systems in plant innate immunity P. Vidhyasekaran |
| title_fullStr | Plant hormone signaling systems in plant innate immunity P. Vidhyasekaran |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plant hormone signaling systems in plant innate immunity P. Vidhyasekaran |
| title_short | Plant hormone signaling systems in plant innate immunity |
| title_sort | plant hormone signaling systems in plant innate immunity |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027508663&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV037485699 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT vidhyasekaranp planthormonesignalingsystemsinplantinnateimmunity |