A primer of neuroimmunological disease
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York
Springer
c2012
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000zc 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV041946438 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 00000000000000.0 | ||
| 007 | t| | ||
| 008 | 140630s2012 xxuad|| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 010 | |a 2012930829 | ||
| 020 | |a 146142187X |c alk. paper |9 1-461-42187-X | ||
| 020 | |a 9781461421870 |c alk. paper |9 978-1-461-42187-0 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)882525172 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV041946438 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e aacr | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 044 | |a xxu |c US | ||
| 049 | |a DE-20 | ||
| 050 | 0 | |a RC346.5 | |
| 082 | 0 | |a 616.8/0471 | |
| 100 | 1 | |a Pachner, Andrew R. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a A primer of neuroimmunological disease |c Andrew R. Pachner |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York |b Springer |c c2012 | |
| 300 | |a XV, 208 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. |c 26 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Nervous system |x Diseases |x Immunological aspects | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System |x diagnosis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System |x therapy | |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Online-Ausgabe |z 1-461-42188-8 |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Online-Ausgabe |z 978-1-461-42188-7 |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HBZ Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027389509&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027389509 | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819670041673596928 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: A primer of neuroimmunological disease
Autor: Pachner, Andrew R.
Jahr: 2012
Contents
1 Immunology for the Non-immunologist...................................... 1
1 The Beginnings of Immunology............................................... 1
2 The Components of the Healthy Immune Response................. 2
2.1 White Blood Cells............................................................ 4
2.2 Molecules......................................................................... 8
References....................................................................................... 13
2 Neurology for the Non-neurologist.............................................. 15
1 Organization of the Nervous System........................................ 15
1.1 Electrical Nature: Nerve Transmission
and Neurotransmitters...................................................... 15
1.2 Cells of the Nervous System............................................ 16
1.3 Structure of the Nervous System: CNS, PNS,
Upper and Lower Motor Neurons.................................... 18
2 The Neurological Evaluation.................................................... 21
2.1 Neurological Examination............................................... 21
2.2 Imaging of the Nervous System....................................... 22
2.3 EEG and EMG................................................................. 23
References....................................................................................... 24
3 Neuroimmunology for the Non-neuroimmunologist.................. 25
1 The Beginnings of Neuroimmunology: Post-vaccinial
Encephalomyelitis..................................................................... 25
2 Semple Rabies Vaccine Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis:
Temporal Progression. Interplay Between the Nervous
and Immune Systems................................................................ 29
2.1 Stage 1. DAY 0: Exposure to the Antigen....................... 29
2.2 Stage 2. Days 0-7: Lymph Node Drainage
and Processing of Antigen in Peripheral
Lymph Node..................................................................... 29
2.3 Stage 3. Days 7-10: Recruitment of Myelin-Specific
Lymphocytes into the CNS.............................................. 30
2.4 Stage 4. Days 10-20: Maximal Inflammation
with Involvement of Local CNS Immunity,
Including Cervical Lymph Nodes.................................... 30
2.5 Stage 5. Days 20 and Later: Recovery............................. 31
3 The Tools of the Neuroimmunologist....................................... 31
4 Aspects of Inflammation in Neuroimmunology Unique
to the Nervous System.............................................................. 32
5 The Necessity for Great Care in Classifying
a Neuroimmunological Disease as Autoimmune .................. 33
6 The Importance of Antibodies.................................................. 34
References....................................................................................... 35
The Prototypic Neuroimmunological CNS Disease:
Multiple Sclerosis, a Precis.......................................................... 37
1 Definition.................................................................................. 37
2 Etiopathogenesis....................................................................... 37
3 Pathology.................................................................................. 38
4 Genetics and Epidemiology...................................................... 39
5 Clinical Manifestations............................................................. 39
5.1 Initial Symptoms.............................................................. 39
5.2 The MS Attack................................................................. 40
6 Natural History and Prognosis.................................................. 42
7 MS Clinical Classifications....................................................... 43
7.1 Form of MS .................................................................. 44
7.2 Disability.......................................................................... 45
7.3 Activity............................................................................. 45
7.4 Severity............................................................................ 46
References....................................................................................... 46
Multiple Sclerosis: Diagnosis....................................................... 49
1 History and Examination.......................................................... 50
2 Laboratory Findings.................................................................. 51
2.1 Routine Studies: Blood, Urine, Chest X-Ray.................. 51
2.2 CNS Imaging................................................................... 51
2.3 Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis........................................... 54
References....................................................................................... 55
Multiple Sclerosis Mimics............................................................ 57
1 Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke................................................ 58
2 Neurological Infections............................................................. 60
2.1 HIV.................................................................................. 60
2.2 Neurosyphilis................................................................... 60
2.3 Neurocysticercosis........................................................... 61
2.4 Lyme Disease................................................................... 61
2.5 Tropical Spastic Paraparesis............................................ 61
2.6 Tuberculosis..................................................................... 61
2.7 Brain Abscess................................................................... 62
3 NMO......................................................................................... 62
4 ADEM....................................................................................... 63
5 Leukodystrophies...................................................................... 63
Contents
6 Other Conditions....................................................................... 63
6.1 Neurosarcoidosis.............................................................. 63
6.2 Subacute Combined Degeneration................................... 65
6.3 Other Neuroinflammatory Diseases................................. 65
References....................................................................................... 66
7 Multiple Sclerosis Therapy.......................................................... 69
1 Disease-Modifying Drugs....................................................... 69
1.1 How Medications Become Approved for Use in MS .... 69
1.2 The Primary Endpoint.................................................... 70
1.3 When Should One Treat with DMDs?........................... 71
1.4 General Approach to Therapy........................................ 71
1.5 Current Agents............................................................... 72
2 Symptomatic Therapies.......................................................... 78
References..................................................................................... 80
8 Experimental Models of MS........................................................ 83
1 Animal Models of MS............................................................ 83
1.1 Autoimmune.................................................................. 83
1.2 Viral................................................................................ 87
1.3 Demyelination Induced by Toxins................................. 89
2 In Vitro Models of MS............................................................ 89
3 Animal Models of Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO)
and the Use of Passive Transfer Models................................. 89
References..................................................................................... 90
9 Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) and Other
Immune-Mediated Neuropathies................................................. 93
1 Definition................................................................................ 93
2 Etiopathogenesis..................................................................... 93
3 Pathology................................................................................ 95
4 Epidemiology and Etiopathogenesis....................................... 95
5 Clinical Manifestations........................................................... 96
6 Natural History and Prognosis................................................ 96
7 Classification........................................................................... 96
8 Diagnosis................................................................................. 97
9 Therapy................................................................................... 97
10 GBS s Cousin: Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating
Polyneuropathy....................................................................... 98
11 Neuropathy Associated with Monoclonal Gammopathy........ 98
12 Experimental Neuritis............................................................. 100
References....................................................................................... 101
10 Neuromuscular Neuroimmunological Diseases:
Myasthenia Gravis........................................................................ 103
1 Definition................................................................................ 103
2 Etiopathogenesis..................................................................... 103
3 Pathology................................................................................ 104
4 Genetics and Epidemiology.................................................... 105
Contents
5 Clinical Manifestations........................................................... 105
6 Natural History and Prognosis................................................ 106
7 Classification........................................................................... 106
8 Diagnosis................................................................................. 106
9 Therapy................................................................................... 108
10 Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome................................... 108
11 Neonatal MG and Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita........ 109
12 Experimental Models of MG.................................................. 109
References....................................................................................... 110
11 The Prototypic Neuroimmunological Muscle Disease:
Dermatomyositis........................................................................... 111
1 Definition................................................................................ 111
2 Etiopathogenesis..................................................................... 111
3 Pathology................................................................................ 111
4 Genetics and Epidemiology.................................................... 112
5 Clinical Manifestations........................................................... 112
6 Natural History and Prognosis................................................ 112
7 Classification........................................................................... 112
8 Diagnosis................................................................................. 112
9 Therapy................................................................................... 113
10 Related Neuroimmunological Muscle Diseases..................... 113
11 Experimental Models of Inflammatory Muscle Disease......... 114
References....................................................................................... 114
12 A Introduction to Neurological Infections: Neuro-infectious
Disease as Part of Neuroimmunology......................................... 115
1 General Rules of Neuro-infectious Diseases.......................... 116
1.1 Infection of the Nervous System Follows Systemic
Infection......................................................................... 116
1.2 Neuro-infectious Diseases Should Be in the Differential
Diagnosis in Many Patients with Difficult Neurological
Syndromes Because of Their Reversibility with
Antibiotics...................................................................... 116
1.3 Diagnosis by Identification of the Infectious
Agent Is Ideal, but Sometimes Impossible..................... 116
1.4 Prompt Recognition of Curable Infectious Diseases
Is Critical........................................................................ 117
1.5 Therapy of Neuro-infectious Diseases Is Frequently
More Difficult than Therapy of Infections Elsewhere
in the Body..................................................................... 119
1.6 Always Keep HIV/AIDS in Mind.................................. 119
2 Lyme Meningitis: The Prototypic Meningitis......................... 119
2.1 Definition....................................................................... 119
2.2 Etiopathogenesis............................................................ 119
2.3 Clinical Manifestations.................................................. 121
2.4 Natural History/Prognosis.............................................. 122
Contents
2.5 Diagnosis........................................................................ 122
2.6 Therapy.......................................................................... 123
2.7 Classification.................................................................. 123
2.8 Selected Important Infectious Meningitides.................. 123
3 Herpes Simplex Encephalitis: The Prototypic CNS
Parenchymal Infection............................................................ 125
3.1 Definition....................................................................... 125
3.2 Etiopathogenesis/Pathology/Genetics/
Epidemiology................................................................. 125
3.3 Clinical Manifestations.................................................. 126
3.4 Natural History and Prognosis....................................... 127
3.5 Diagnosis........................................................................ 127
3.6 Therapy.......................................................................... 128
3.7 Other Important CNS Parenchymal Infections................ 128
3.8 Rabies, Poliomyelitis, and the Wonder
of Vaccination.................................................................. 132
4 Infectious Neuritis: Neuropathies of Leprosy and
Varicella Zoster Virus............................................................... 133
4.1 Leprosy............................................................................ 134
4.2 VZV Infection.................................................................. 136
4.3 Immunosuppressed Patients............................................. 136
References....................................................................................... 139
13 Neurological Manifestations of Systemic Chronic
Inflammatory Disease................................................................... 141
1 Neurosarcoidosis....................................................................... 141
2 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus................................................ 141
3 Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome..................................... 142
4 Sjogren s Syndrome.................................................................. 143
5 Vasculitis................................................................................... 144
References....................................................................................... 146
14 The Neuroimmunology of Cancer: Paraneoplastic
Syndromes and Primary CNS Lymphoma .......................... 147
1 Paraneoplastic Neurological Disorders..................................... 147
1.1 Definition......................................................................... 147
1.2 Etiopathogenesis.............................................................. 147
1.3 Pathology......................................................................... 148
1.4 Genetics and Epidemiology............................................. 148
1.5 Clinical Manifestations.................................................... 148
1.6 Natural History and Prognosis of PND............................ 151
1.7 Classification.................................................................... 151
1.8 Diagnosis.......................................................................... 152
1.9 Therapy...................................................................••........ 152
2 CNS Lymphoma........................................................................ 152
References....................................................................................... 153
Contents
15 Neuroimmunology of Degenerative Diseases and Stroke.......... 155
1 Introduction............................................................................... 155
2 Neuroimmunology of Alzheimer s Disease.............................. 155
3 Neuroimmunology of Parkinson s Disease............................... 156
4 Neuroimmunology of Stroke.................................................... 157
References....................................................................................... 158
16 Important Rare Neuroimmunological Diseases......................... 159
1 Infectious/Postinfectious........................................................... 159
1.1 Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis............................... 159
1.2 Whipple s......................................................................... 160
1.3 Post-Varicella Zoster Virus Cerebellar Syndrome........... 161
1.4 Sydenham s Chorea......................................................... 161
2 Autoimmune............................................................................. 162
2.1 Acquired Neuromyotonia................................................. 162
2.2 Stiff Person Syndrome..................................................... 162
2.3 Swine-Worker s Neuropathy............................................ 163
3 Idiopathic.................................................................................. 163
3.1 Hashimoto s Encephalopathy........................................... 163
3.2 Behcet s Syndrome.......................................................... 164
3.3 Rasmussen s Encephalitis................................................ 164
3.4 Acute Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy.......... 164
References....................................................................................... 164
17 Neuroimmunological Molecules and Translational
Medicine......................................................................................... 167
1 Moving from Basic Science Discoveries to FDA-Approved
Therapies................................................................................... 167
2 Biological Molecules as Therapies........................................... 167
2.1 Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies................................ 167
2.2 Molecules as Targets of Therapy or of Disease:
CD20, Aquaporin-4 Receptor, TNF-a, Sphingosine-
1-Phosphate Receptors, CD52, MOG, Channels............. 169
2.3 Neuroprotection: The Holy Grail of Translational
Neurology........................................................................ 172
References....................................................................................... 173
18 Neuroimmunological Diagnostic Tests........................................ 175
1 General Considerations for Testing.......................................... 175
1.1 Validation of Laboratory Tests by Regulatory
Authorities........................................................................ 176
2 Blood Tests................................................................................ 176
2.1 Blood Tests for Inflammation.......................................... 176
2.2 Blood Tests for Specific Immunity to Pathogens or
Autoantibodies................................................................. 177
2.3 Blood Tests for Detecting Specific Pathogens................. 182
Contents
3 Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)........................................................ 183
3.1 Antibodies in the CSF...................................................... 185
3.2 Detection of Pathogens in the CSF.................................. 186
4 Tests of Immune Function........................................................ 187
4.1 Humoral Immunity........................................................... 187
4.2 Cellular Immunity............................................................ 188
References....................................................................................... 188
19 Therapy in Neuroimmunological Disease................................... 189
1 Introduction............................................................................... 189
2 Chemicals.................................................................................. 190
2.1 Corticosteroids................................................................. 190
2.2 Immunosuppressives........................................................ 192
3 Biologies: Large Molecules Produced via Recombinant
Technology or from Human Specimens................................... 196
3.1 Intravenous Immunoglobulin........................................... 196
3.2 Cytokines......................................................................... 196
3.3 Monoclonal Antibodies (See Sect. 2.1 in Chap. 17)........ 197
4 Procedures................................................................................. 197
4.1 Plasmapheresis................................................................. 197
4.2 Thymectomy.................................................................... 198
References....................................................................................... 198
Index....................................................................................................... 199
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Pachner, Andrew R. |
| author_facet | Pachner, Andrew R. |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Pachner, Andrew R. |
| author_variant | a r p ar arp |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV041946438 |
| callnumber-first | R - Medicine |
| callnumber-label | RC346 |
| callnumber-raw | RC346.5 |
| callnumber-search | RC346.5 |
| callnumber-sort | RC 3346.5 |
| callnumber-subject | RC - Internal Medicine |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)882525172 (DE-599)BVBBV041946438 |
| dewey-full | 616.8/0471 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 616 - Diseases |
| dewey-raw | 616.8/0471 |
| dewey-search | 616.8/0471 |
| dewey-sort | 3616.8 3471 |
| dewey-tens | 610 - Medicine and health |
| discipline | Medizin |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01544nam a2200397zc 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV041946438</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">00000000000000.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t|</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">140630s2012 xxuad|| |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="010" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">2012930829</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">146142187X</subfield><subfield code="c">alk. paper</subfield><subfield code="9">1-461-42187-X</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781461421870</subfield><subfield code="c">alk. paper</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-461-42187-0</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)882525172</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV041946438</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">aacr</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="044" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">xxu</subfield><subfield code="c">US</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-20</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">RC346.5</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">616.8/0471</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Pachner, Andrew R.</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">A primer of neuroimmunological disease</subfield><subfield code="c">Andrew R. Pachner</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">New York</subfield><subfield code="b">Springer</subfield><subfield code="c">c2012</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">XV, 208 S.</subfield><subfield code="b">Ill., graph. Darst.</subfield><subfield code="c">26 cm</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Includes bibliographical references and index</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Nervous system</subfield><subfield code="x">Diseases</subfield><subfield code="x">Immunological aspects</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System</subfield><subfield code="x">diagnosis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System</subfield><subfield code="x">therapy</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Online-Ausgabe</subfield><subfield code="z">1-461-42188-8</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Online-Ausgabe</subfield><subfield code="z">978-1-461-42188-7</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">HBZ Datenaustausch</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027389509&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="943" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027389509</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| id | DE-604.BV041946438 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-24T04:09:43Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 146142187X 9781461421870 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2012930829 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027389509 |
| oclc_num | 882525172 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-20 |
| owner_facet | DE-20 |
| physical | XV, 208 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 26 cm |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publishDateSearch | 2012 |
| publishDateSort | 2012 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Pachner, Andrew R. A primer of neuroimmunological disease Nervous system Diseases Immunological aspects Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System diagnosis Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System therapy |
| title | A primer of neuroimmunological disease |
| title_auth | A primer of neuroimmunological disease |
| title_exact_search | A primer of neuroimmunological disease |
| title_full | A primer of neuroimmunological disease Andrew R. Pachner |
| title_fullStr | A primer of neuroimmunological disease Andrew R. Pachner |
| title_full_unstemmed | A primer of neuroimmunological disease Andrew R. Pachner |
| title_short | A primer of neuroimmunological disease |
| title_sort | a primer of neuroimmunological disease |
| topic | Nervous system Diseases Immunological aspects Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System diagnosis Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System therapy |
| topic_facet | Nervous system Diseases Immunological aspects Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System diagnosis Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System therapy |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027389509&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pachnerandrewr aprimerofneuroimmunologicaldisease |