Foams structure and dynamics
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| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford
Oxford Univ. Press
2013
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. ed. |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Foams |b structure and dynamics |c I. Cantat ... |
| 250 | |a 1. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Oxford |b Oxford Univ. Press |c 2013 | |
| 300 | |a XII, 265 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
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| _version_ | 1820899024417325056 |
| adam_text | Foams are ubiquitous in our daily lives. Their presence is highly desirable in certain foods,
drinks and cosmetics, and they are essential in oil recovery and mineral extraction. Yet in
some industrial processes foams are an unwelcome by-product.
Why do they appear? What controls the rate at which they disappear? Do they flow in
the same way as ordinary liquids? All of these questions and more are addressed here,
incorporating significant recent contributions to the field of foams.
This book is the first to provide a thorough description of all aspects of the physical
and physico-chemical properties of liquid foams. It sets out what is known about their
structure, their stability, and their rheology. Engineers, researchers, and students will find
all the key concepts illustrated by numerous examples and applications, as well as an
overview of experimental and computational techniques for the study of foams, and
experiments and exercises for the reader.
Isabelle
Cântat
is a Professor at the
Université
de Rennes
1,
and a Research Scientist at the
Institut de
Physique
de Rennes, Université de
Rennes
1.
Sylvie Cohen-Addad
is a Professor at the
Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée,
and a
Research
Scientist at the
Institut des Nano-
Sciences de Paris, Université Pierre et Marie
Curie
-
Paris
6.
Florence Elias
is a Lecturer at the
Université
Pierre et Marie Curie
-
Paris
6,
and a Research
Scientist at the
Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes
Complexes, Université Paris
7.
François Graner
is
a Senior CNRS Research
Scientist at the
Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes
Complexes, Université Paris
7.
Reinhard Höhler
is a Professor at the
Université
Paris-Est Marne-la-Valiée, and a Research
Scientist at the
Institut des Nano-Sciences
de Paris, Université Pierre et Marte Curie
-
Paris
6.
Mivier Pitois ¡s a Senior IFSTTAR Research
Scientist at the
Laboratoire
Navier,
CNRS,
Écote des Ponts ParisTech, IFSTTAR.
:torence Rouyer
is a Lecturer at the
Université
Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée, and a Research
Scientist at the
Laboratoire
Navier,
CNRS, École
des Ponts ParisTech, IFSTTAR.
Arnaud Saint-Jalmes
is
a Senior CNRS Research
Scientist at the
Institut de Physique de Rennes,
Université de Rennes
1.
Translated by Ruth
Flatman.
Scientific editor (English edition) Simon Cox.
This is a wide survey of the basic physics of foams, composed by a team of distinguished
contributors to the field. Well organised and attractively illustrated, it will be an essential
guide to our present understanding of the subject.
Denis Weaire, School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin
This is a comprehensive survey of foam science written by some of the leading
practitioners in the field. The book is particularly effective at covering dynamic aspects,
including foam rheology, a subject that has developed immensely in recent years: the
book is therefore an exceedingly valuable reference.
Paul Grassia, School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University
of Manchester
Cover photograph: A liquid foam some time after its creation. Photograph courtesy of S. Cohen-Addad,
R.M. GuiUermic, and A. Saint-Jalmes.
Contents
1
Uses of foams
1
1
The foams around us
1
1.1
Foams in mythology
1
1.2
On your plate and in your glass
1
1.3
Detergents and cosmetics
3
1.4
Spontaneous or undesirable foams
4
2
Foam identification
4
2.1
Physico-chemical constituents
4
2.2
Geometrical and physical properties
5
2.3
Mechanical properties
6
3
What are foams used for?
6
3.1
Desirable functions
6
3.2
Mineral flotation
8
4
Solid foams and other cellular systems
9
4.1
Solid foams
9
4.2
Other cellular structures
11
5
Experiments
13
5.1
Three ways to make a foam
13
5.2
Chocolate mousse
14
References
15
2
Foams at equilibrium
17
1
Description at all length-scales
17
1.1
At the scale of a gas/liquid interface
17
1.2
At the scale of a film
19
1.3
At the scale of a bubble
21
1.4
At the scale of a foam
22
2
Local equilibrium laws
23
2.1
Equilibrium of fluid interfaces
23
2.2
Plateau s laws
26
3
Dry foams 30
3.1
Number of neighbours: topology
31
3.2
Bubble geometrv
35
3.3
Topology and geometry oo
4
Wet foams 45
4.1
Modification of the structure
4б
4.2
Osmotic pressure
4.3
Role of gravity 54
χ
Contents
5 2D
and
quasi-20
foams
55
5.1 3D
structure of a monolayer of bubbles between two plates
57
5.2
A model for a dry 2D foam
58
5.3
Two-dimensional liquid fraction
60
5.4
2D foam flows
61
6
Experiments
63
6.1
Surface tension and surfactants
63
6.2
Creation and observation of 2D and quasi-2D foams
65
6.3
Giant soap films
66
6.4
Kelvin cell
68
7
Exercises
69
7.1
Interfacial
area of a foam
69
7.2
Film tension and the Young-Laplace law
69
7.3
Plateau s laws in 2D
70
7.4
Eulers
formula
71
7.5
Perimeter of a regular 2D bubble
71
7.6
Energy and pressure
72
References
72
3
Birth, life, and death
75
1
Foam evolution
75
1.1
The competition between different processes
75
1.2
Elementary topological processes
78
2
Birth of a foam
82
2.1
Foamability: introduction to the role of surfactants
82
2.2
Interfacial
properties and foamability
82
2.3
Properties of liquid films and foamability
92
2.4
Summary of the microscopic origins of foamability
98
3
Coarsening
99
3.1
Growth rate of a bubble in a dry foam
99
3.2
Evolution of bubble distributions in a dry foam
104
3.3
Effects of different parameters
109
4
Drainage
113
4.1
What is drainage?
114
4.2
Free drainage
114
4.3
Forced drainage
115
4.4
Modelling flows in solid porous media
116
4.5
Modelling the permeability of a liquid foam
119
4.6
Drainage equations
127
4.7
Comparison of theoretical predictions with experiments
128
4.8
Summary and remarks
133
5
Rupture and coalescence
134
5.1
Rupture at the scale of a single film
134
5.2
Rupture at the scale of a foam
140
5.3
Defoamers and antifoams
140
Contents xi
6
Appendices
145
6.1
Stabilizing
agents
145
6.2
Dissipation due
to surfactant
motion
during the steady
expansion of a film
^51
7
Experiments I54
7.1
Flow in a soap film I54
7.2
Free drainage in a foam and the vertical motion of bubbles
156
7.3
Forced drainage in a foam: observation of the wetting front
157
7.4
Life and death of a foam measured by electrical conductivity
158
8
Exercises
161
8.1
Exponent in the scale-invariant regime
161
8.2
Frumkin equation of state
161
8.3
Foam drainage and equilibrium height
161
8.4
Drainage in the bulk and at the wall
162
8.5
Free drainage: characteristic times and liquid fraction profiles
162
8.6
The true
3D
pressure and 2D surface pressure
162
References
162
Rheology
167
1
Introduction
167
2
Overview of the rheological behaviour of complex fluids
168
2.1
Constitutive laws
168
2.2
Shear tests
172
2.3
Small and large strains
173
2.4
Stress tensor in a complex fluid
174
3
Local origin of rheological properties
178
3.1
Elastic shear modulus of a dry
monodisperse
foam
178
3.2
The elastic limit of a dry foam
183
3.3
Dissipati ve
processes
187
4
The multiscale character of foam rheology
193
4.1
Solid behaviour
194
4.2
Transition from solid to liquid behaviour
208
4.3
Foam flow
211
5
Appendix: From the discrete to the continuous
215
6
Experiments
217
6.1
Observation of
Τ
Is
217
6.2
Visualization of the yield stress
217
7
Exercises
218
7.1
The Young-Laplace law and the stress in a spherical bubble
218
7.2
Elasticity of a dry 2D foam
219
7.3
Poynting s law 219
7.4
Stress and strain in a square lattice
220
7.5
Elasticity and plasticity
220
7.6
Compressibility of a foam
221
References 221
xii Contents
5
Experimental
and numerical methods
225
1
Experimental methods
225
1.1
Methods used to study interfaces and isolated films
225
1.2
Methods for studying foams
230
2
Numerical simulations
242
2.1
Predicting static structure
242
2.2
Predicting dynamics
244
3
Methods of image analysis
248
3.1
Image treatment
248
3.2
Image analysis
250
3.3
Image analysis, liquid fraction, and stress in 2D
254
4
Exercises
255
4.1
Measurement of the average liquid fraction of a foam
255
4.2
Pressure in the Potts model
255
References
256
Notation
259
Index
263
|
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| bvnumber | BV041294858 |
| classification_rvk | UR 4400 VE 7070 |
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| discipline | Chemie / Pharmazie Physik Werkstoffwissenschaften / Fertigungstechnik |
| edition | 1. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV041294858 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-24T03:49:36Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780199662890 0199662894 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-026743770 |
| oclc_num | 855354418 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 DE-91G DE-BY-TUM DE-29T |
| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-91G DE-BY-TUM DE-29T |
| physical | XII, 265 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publishDateSearch | 2013 |
| publishDateSort | 2013 |
| publisher | Oxford Univ. Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Foams structure and dynamics Schaum (DE-588)4116372-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4116372-2 |
| title | Foams structure and dynamics |
| title_alt | Les mousses |
| title_auth | Foams structure and dynamics |
| title_exact_search | Foams structure and dynamics |
| title_full | Foams structure and dynamics I. Cantat ... |
| title_fullStr | Foams structure and dynamics I. Cantat ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Foams structure and dynamics I. Cantat ... |
| title_short | Foams |
| title_sort | foams structure and dynamics |
| title_sub | structure and dynamics |
| topic | Schaum (DE-588)4116372-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Schaum |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026743770&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026743770&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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