Electrochemical supercapacitors for energy storage and delivery fundamentals and applications
"Preface In today's energy-dependent world, electrochemical devices for energy storage and conversion such as batteries, fuel cells and electrochemical supercapacitors (ES') have been recognized as the most important portion among all energy storage and conversion technologies. Electr...
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| 100 | 1 | |a Yu, Aiping |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1035041545 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Electrochemical supercapacitors for energy storage and delivery |b fundamentals and applications |c Aiping Yu, Victor Chabot, and Jiujun Zhang |
| 264 | 1 | |a Boca Raton, FL |b CRC Press |c 2013 | |
| 300 | |a XVIII, 355 S. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Electrochemical energy storage and conversion | |
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 520 | 1 | |a "Preface In today's energy-dependent world, electrochemical devices for energy storage and conversion such as batteries, fuel cells and electrochemical supercapacitors (ES') have been recognized as the most important portion among all energy storage and conversion technologies. Electrochemical supercapacitor, also known as supercapacitor, ultracapacitor, or electrochemical double layer capacitor, is a special capacitor that can store relatively high energy density compared to conventional capacitor. Possessing a number of high-impact characteristics, such as fast charging, long charge-discharge cycles and broad operating temperature ranges, ES' have wide spread applications in hybrid or electrical vehicles, electronics, aircrafts, and smart grids. Although there are still some challenges in ES systems such as relatively low energy density and high cost at current technology state, with further development, ES' can not only in tandem with batteries and fuel cells serve as power devices, but also work as a standalone high energy storage device. To facilitate the research and development, we believe a book containing both fundamentals and applications of ES technology is definitely needed. The best known book in the field is B. E. Conway's "Electrochemical Supercapacitor-Scientific Fundamentals and Technological Applications" published in 1999. This book gives the first comprehensive illustration and summary of the development of electrochemical supercapacitor in 20th century. Our book will focus on the introduction to the electrochemical supercapacitors from more technical and practical aspects and crystallization of the technology development in the past decade"-- | |
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| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Elektrochemische Energiequelle |0 (DE-588)4151755-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 653 | |a Supercapacitors | ||
| 653 | |a Storage batteries | ||
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| 700 | 1 | |a Chabot, Victor |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zhang, Jiujun |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
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| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026021694&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Klappentext |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804150407324237824 |
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| adam_text | Contents
Series
Preface
.......................................................................................................
xin
Preface
.....................................................................................................................xv
Authors
................................................................................................................ii
1.
Fundamentals of Electric Capacitors
..........................................................1
1.1
Introduction
...........................................................................................1
1.1.1
History
.......................................................................................1
1.2
Electric Charge, Electric Field, and Electric Potential and
Their Implications for Capacitor Cell Voltage
...................................2
1.2.1
Electric Charge
.........................................................................2
1.2.2
Electric Field and Potential
.....................................................4
1.2.3
Implication of Electric Potential in Capacitor Cell
Voltage
....................................................................................5
1.3
Capacitance Definition and Calculation
............................................6
1.3.1
Dielectric Materials and Constants
.......................................9
1.3.1.1
Dielectric Polarization Mechanisms
....................11
1.3.1.2
Ceramic Dielectrics and Their Capacitors
..........11
1.3.1.3
Electrolytic Dielectrics and Their Capacitors
.....12
1.3.1.4
Paper and Polymer Dielectrics and Their
Capacitors
................................................................13
1.3.1.5
Classification of Dielectric Materials
...................13
1.4
Capacitor Charging and Recharging Processes
.............................15
1.4.1
DC and AC Currents
.............................................................15
1.4.2
Charging of Capacitor: RC Time
.........................................17
1.4.3
Discharge of Capacitor
..........................................................18
1.5
Energy Storage in Capacitor
..............................................................20
1.6
Capacitor Containing Electrical Circuits and Corresponding
Calculation
...........................................................................................21
1.6.1
Circuit Resistors
.....................................................................21
1.6.2
Circuit Capacitors
..................................................................21
1.6.3
Inductors
.................................................................................
23
1.6.4
Resistor-Inductor Circuits
....................................................23
1.6.5
Inductor-Capacitor Circuits
.................................................25
1.6.5
Resistor-Inductor-Capacitor Circuits
.................................26
1.6.6
Resistive, Capacitive,
and Inductive Loads for AC
Circuits
....................................................................................
27
1.6.6.1
Series Resistor-Inductor-Capacitor Circuit
.......28
1.6.6.2
RLC Circuits Having Other R, L, and
С
Combinations
..........................................................31
ν
vi
Contents
1.7
Types and Structures of Capacitors
..................................................32
1.7.1
Fixed Capacitors
.....................................................................32
1.7.2
Variable Capacitors
................................................................32
1.7.3
Power Capacitors
....................................................................33
1.7.4
High-Voltage Capacitors
.......................................................33
1.7.5
Interference-Suppression Capacitors
..................................33
1.7.6
Ferrodielectric Capacitors
.....................................................34
1.7.7
Polar Polymer Dielectric Capacitors
....................................34
1.7.8
Linear and Nonlinear Capacitors
........................................34
1.8
Summary
..............................................................................................34
References
.......................................................................................................35
2.
Fundamentals of Electrochemical Double-Layer Supercapacitors
.....37
2.1
Introduction
.........................................................................................37
2.2
Electrode and Electrolyte Interfaces and Their Capacitances
......38
2.2.1
Electric Double-Layer at Interface of Electrode and
Electrolyte Solution
................................................................39
2.2.2
Double-Layer Net Charge Density by Gouy-
Chapman-Stern (GCS) Modeling
........................................45
2.2.3
Theoretical Differential Capacitance of Electric
Double-Layer
..........................................................................47
2.2.4
Differential Capacitance of Entire Double-Layer
..............48
2.2.5
Potential Drop Distribution within Electric Double-
Layer
........................................................................................50
2.2.6
Factors Affecting Double-Layer Capacitance
....................51
2.2.7
Specific Adsorption of Ions and Effect on Double-Layer.
52
2.3
Electrode Potential and Double-Layer Potential Windows
Using Different Electrode Materials and Electrolytes
...................54
2.3.1
Electrode Potential
.................................................................54
2.3.2
Double-Layer Potential Ranges or Windows
.....................56
2.4
Capacitance of Porous Carbon Materials
.........................................58
2.4.1
Carbon Particles and Their Associated Electrode Layers
59
2.4.2
Capacitances of Porous Carbon Materials and Their
Associated Electrode Layers
................................................61
2.5
Electrochemical Double-Layer Supercapacitors
.............................62
2.5.1
Structure and Capacitance
...................................................62
2.5.2
Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR)
.....................................64
2.5.2.1
Thermal Degradation from ESR
...........................65
2.5.3
Leakage Resistance
................................................................66
2.5.3.1
Self Discharge through Leakage Mechanisms
.. 67
2.5.4
Supercapacitor Charging and Discharging
.......................69
2.5.4.1
Charging at Constant Cell Voltage
......................69
2.5.4.2
Charging at Constant Cell Current
.....................70
2.5.4.3
Discharging Supercapacitor Cell at
Constant Resistance
...............................................72
Contents
vii
2.5.4.4
Discharging Supercapacitor Cell at
Constant Voltage
.....................................................73
2.5.4.5
Discharging Supercapacitor Cell at
Constant Current
....................................................74
2.5.4.6
Charging and Discharging Curves at
Constant Current
....................................................76
2.5.4.7
AC Impedance Equivalent Circuit
.......................79
2.6
Energy and Power Densities of Electrochemical
Supercapacitors
....................................................................................79
2.6.1
Energy Densities
....................................................................79
2.6.2
Power Densities
......................................................................81
2.6.3
Ragone Plot: Relationship of Energy Density and
Power Density
........................................................................86
2.7
Supercapacitor Stacking
.....................................................................89
2.7.1
Stacking in Series
...................................................................89
2.7.2
Stacking in Parallel
................................................................90
2.8
Double-Layer Supercapacitors versus Batteries
..............................91
2.9
Applications of Supercapacitors
........................................................93
2.10
Summary
..............................................................................................95
References
.......................................................................................................95
3.
Fundamentals of Electrochemical Pseudocapacitors
............................99
3.1
Introduction
.........................................................................................99
3.2
Electrochemical Pseudocapacitance of Electrode-Electrolyte
Interface
..............................................................................................102
3.2.1
Fundamental Electrochemistry of Pseudocapacitance
.. 102
3.2.2
Pseudocapacitance Induced by
Underpotential
Deposition
.............................................................................108
3.2.3
Pseudocapacitance Induced by Lithium Intercalation
... 112
3.2.4
Pseudocapacitance Induced by
Redox
Couples
...............113
3.2.4.1
Pseudocapacitance Induced by Dissolved
Couples
..................................................................113
3.2.4.2
Pseudocapacitance Induced by Undissolved
Redox
Couples
......................................................115
3.2.5
Pseudocapacitance Induced in Electrically
Conducting Polymer (ECP)
................................................120
3.2.6
Coupling of Differential Double-Layer and
Pseudocapacitance
...............................................................121
3.3
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and Equivalent
Circuits
...............................................................................................124
3.4
Materials, Electrodes, and Cell Designs
........................................126
3.4.1
Electrode Materials
..............................................................126
3.4.2
Cell Designs (Symmetric versus Asymmetric)
................129
3.5
Summary
............................................................................................131
References
.....................................................................................................132
viii Contents
4.
Components and Materials for Electrochemical Supercapacitors....
135
4.1
Introduction
.......................................................................................135
4.1.1
Traditional Capacitors
.........................................................135
4.1.2
Electrochemical Supercapacitors
.......................................136
4.2
Anode and Cathode Structures and Materials
.............................137
4.2.1
Overview of Battery Functions and Materials
................137
4.2.2
Introducing Electrode Requirements for
Electrochemical Supercapacitors
.......................................142
4.2.3
Electrode Conductivity
.......................................................143
4.2.4
Surface Area for EDLC Design
..........................................143
4.2.5
Pore Structure for EDLC Design
........................................144
4.2.6
Functionalization Effects on EDLCs
.................................146
4.2.7
Series Resistance in EDLC Design
.....................................150
4.2.8
EDLC Electrode Materials
..................................................151
4.2.8.1
Activated Carbons
................................................151
4.2.8.2
Templated Active Carbons
..................................153
4.2.8.3
Carbon Nanotubes
...............................................156
4.2.8.4
Carbon Onions
......................................................160
4.2.8.5
Graphene
...............................................................161
4.2.8.6
Carbon Nanofibers
...............................................165
4.2.9
Pseudocapacitive
Materials
................................................166
4.2.9.1
Storage Overview
.................................................166
4.2.9.2
Transition Metal Oxides
......................................167
4.2.9.3
Transition Metal Nitrides
....................................171
4.2.9.4
Conducting Polymers
..........................................173
4.2.10
Asymmetric Structures
.......................................................177
4.3
Electrolyte Structures and Materials
..............................................180
4.3.1
Electrolyte Overview
...........................................................180
4.3.1.1
Electrolyte Decomposition
..................................181
4.3.2
Aqueous Electrolytes
...........................................................182
4.3.3
Organic Electrolytes
............................................................183
4.3.4
Ionic Liquids
.........................................................................184
4.3.5
Solid State Polymer Electrolytes
........................................185
4.4
Separator Structures
.........................................................................189
4.5
Current Collectors
.............................................................................190
4.6
Sealants
...............................................................................................192
4.7
Summary
............................................................................................194
References
.....................................................................................................194
5.
Electrochemical Supercapacitor Design, Fabrication, and
Operation
......................................................................................................203
5.1
Introduction
.......................................................................................203
5.2
Design Considerations
.....................................................................204
5.2.1
Cell Voltage
...........................................................................204
5.2.2
Frequency Response
............................................................205
Contents ix
5.2.3
Lifetime and Cycle Charging
.............................................205
5.2.4
Polarity
..................................................................................207
5.2.5
Heat and Temperature Effects
...........................................207
5.2.6
Humidity
...............................................................................208
53
Single Cell Manufacturing
..............................................................208
5.3.1
Electrode Materials
..............................................................208
5.3.2
Electrode Fabrication
...........................................................209
5.3.3
Electrolyte Preparation
.......................................................209
5.3.4
Current Collector Preparation
............................................210
5.3.5
Single Cell Structure and Assembly
.................................210
5.3.5.1
Coin Cells
..............................................................212
5.3.5.2
Cylindrical Cells
...................................................212
5.3.5.3
Pouch Cells
............................................................213
5.3.6
Considerations for Contact Area and Positioning
..........214
5.4
Supercapacitor Stack Manufacturing and Construction
.............216
5.4.1
Cell Stacking to Form Modules
.........................................216
5.4.2
Utilizing Bipolar Design
.....................................................217
5.5
Voltage Cell Balancing
......................................................................219
5.5.1
Passive Balancing
.................................................................220
5.5.1.1
Resistance Balancing
...........................................220
5.5.1.2
Zener Diode Balancing
........................................221
5.5.2
Active Balancing
..................................................................221
5.6
Cell Aging and Voltage Decay
........................................................221
5.7
Self Discharging
................................................................................224
5.8
Patent Review
....................................................................................226
5.8.1
Patents on Electrode Materials
...........................................226
5.8.2
Patents on Electrolytes
........................................................235
5.8.3
Patents on
ES
Designs
.........................................................235
5.9
Major Commercial
ES
Products
......................................................240
5.10
Summary
............................................................................................245
References
.....................................................................................................245
6.
Coupling with Batteries and Fuel Cells
.................................................247
6.1
Introduction
.......................................................................................247
6.2
Coupling
ES
Systems with Other Energy Devices
.......................247
6.3
Hybrid Systems
.................................................................................248
6.4
Supercapacitor Integration with Batteries
.....................................250
6.4.1
ES-Battery Direct Coupling: Passive Control
..................251
6.4.2
ES-Battery Indirect Coupling: Active Control
................252
6.4.3
Control Strategies
.................................................................254
6.5
Supercapacitor Integration with Fuel Cells
...................................255
6.6
System Modeling and Optimization
..............................................257
6.6.1
Supercapacitor Modeling
....................................................259
6.6.1.1
Classic and Advanced Equivalent Series
Models
....................................................................260
Contents
6.6.1.2
Ladder
Circuit Model..........................................261
6.6.1.3 Multifactor
Electrical
Model...............................262
6.6.2 Polymer
Electrolyte
Membrane
Fuel Cell Modeling
......264
6.6.3 Power Systems
Modeling....................................................
264
6.6.4
Optimization of Models
......................................................265
6.6.5
Control and Optimization of ESS
......................................268
6.6.5.1
Sizing and Costs
...................................................271
6.7
Improving Dynamic Response and Transient Stability
..............272
6.8
Summary
............................................................................................274
References
.....................................................................................................274
7.
Characterization and Diagnosis Techniques for Electrochemical
Supercapacitors
...........................................................................................277
7.1
Introduction
.......................................................................................277
7.2
Electrochemical Cell Design and Fabrication
...............................278
7.2.1
Conventional Three-Electrode Cell Design and
Fabrication
.............................................................................278
7.2.2
Two-Electrode Test Cell Design and Assembly
...............278
7.2.3
Differences between Three- and Two-Electrode Cell
Supercapacitor Characterizations
......................................280
7.3
Cyclic Voltammetry
(CV).................................................................282
7.3.1
Double-Layer Specific Capacitance Characterization
Using Three-Electrode Cell
................................................284
7.3.2
Double-Layer Specific Capacitance Characterization
Using Two-Electrode Test Cell
...........................................287
7.3.3
Potential Scan Rate Effect on Specific Capacitance
.........288
7.3.4
Pseudosupercapacitor Characterization by Cyclic
Voltammetry
.........................................................................289
7.4
Charging-Discharging Curve
.........................................................291
7.4.1
Capacitance, Maximum Energy and Power
Densities, and Equivalent Series Resistance
Measurements
......................................................................292
7.4.2
Cycle Life Measurement Using Charging-
Discharging Curves
.............................................................294
7.5
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
(EIS)..........................294
7.5.1
Measurement and Instrumentation
..................................295
7.5.2
Equivalent Circuits
..............................................................295
7.5.3
Supercapacitor Data Simulation to Obtain Parameter
Values
.....................................................................................302
7.6
Physical Characterization of Supercapacitor Materials
...............304
7.6.1
Scanning Electron Microscopy
(SEM)..............................304
7.6.2
Transmission Electron Microscopy
(ТЕМ)
.......................306
7.6.3
Х
-Ray Diffraction (XRD)
.....................................................307
7.6.4
Energy-Dispersive
Х
-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX)
................308
7.6.5
Х
-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)
.........................308
Contents xi
7.6.6
Raman Spectroscopy
(RS)
...................................................309
7.6.7
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)
...........310
7.7
Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) Method
.......................................311
7.8
Summary
............................................................................................312
References
.....................................................................................................312
8.
Applications of Electrochemical Supercapacitors
...............................317
8.1
Introduction
.......................................................................................317
8.2
Power Electronics
..............................................................................318
8.3
Memory Protection
...........................................................................318
8.4
Battery Enhancement
.......................................................................321
8.5
Portable Energy Sources
..................................................................323
8.6
Power Quality Improvement
...........................................................324
8.7
Adjustable Speed Drives (ASDs)
.....................................................326
8.7.1
Energy Storage Options for Different ASD Power
Ratings
...................................................................................327
8.8
High Power Sensors and Actuators
................................................328
8.9
Hybrid Electric Vehicles
...................................................................328
8.10
Renewable and Off-Peak Energy Storage
......................................330
8.11
Military and Aerospace Applications
............................................331
8.12
Summary
............................................................................................332
References
.....................................................................................................332
9.
Perspectives and Challenges
....................................................................335
9.1
Introduction
.......................................................................................335
9.2
Market Challenges
............................................................................336
9.3
Electrode Material Challenges
........................................................337
9.3.1
Current Collectors
................................................................337
9.3.2
Double-Layer Electrode Materials
.....................................338
9.3.3
Pseudocapacitor Electrode Materials
................................339
9.3.3.1
Transition Metal Oxides
......................................339
9.3.3.2
Conductive Polymers
...........................................340
9.3.4
Composite Electrode Materials
..........................................341
9.4
Electrolyte Innovations
....................................................................343
9.5
Development of Computational Tools
...........................................343
9.6
Future Perspectives and Research Directions
...................................344
References
.....................................................................................................345
Index
.....................................................................................................................349
Cfoernicał
Engineering
ELECTROCHEMICAL SUPERCAPACITORS
FOR ENERGY
STORAGE AND DELIVERY
JNDAMEN
JSTD APPLICATIONS
Although recognized as an
important
component of
ali
energy storage and con¬
version technologies, electrochemical supercapacitators
(ES)
still face develop¬
ment challenges in order to reach their full potential. A thorough examination of
development in the technology during the past decade, Electrochemical Super-
capacitors for Energy Storage and Delivery: Fundamentals and Applications
provides a comprehensive introduction to the
ES
from technical and practical
aspects and crystallization of the technology, detailing the basics of
ES as
well as
its components and characterization techniques.
The book illuminates the practical aspects of understanding and applying the
technology within the industry and provides sufficient technical detail of newer
materials being developed by experts in the field which may surface in the future.
The book discusses the technical challenges and the practical limitations and
their associated parameters in
ES
technology. It also covers the structure and
options for device packaging and materials choices such as electrode materials,
electrolyte, current collector, and sealants based on comparison of available data.
Features
•
Features the most recent advances made in supercapacitors
•
Discusses cutting-edge nanotechnology
•
Includes theoretical calculation and modeling that can be used to guide and
promote materials as well as technology development
•
Step by step demonstrations of how to fabricate supercapacitors, testing,
and characterization
•
Contains contributions from international leading scientists active in
supercapacitor research and manufacturing
•
Provides invaluable information that will benefit readers from both
academia
and industry
Supplying an in depth understanding of the components, design, and character¬
ization of electrochemical supercapacitors, the book has wide-ranging appeal to
industry experts and those new to the field. It can be used as a reference to apply
to current work and a resource to foster ideas for new devices that will further the
technology as it becomes a larger part of mainstream energy storage.
CRC
Press
Taylor
&.
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ISBN :
9 781439 869895
90000
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Yu, Aiping Chabot, Victor Zhang, Jiujun |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1035041545 |
| author_facet | Yu, Aiping Chabot, Victor Zhang, Jiujun |
| author_role | aut aut aut |
| author_sort | Yu, Aiping |
| author_variant | a y ay v c vc j z jz |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV041044326 |
| callnumber-first | T - Technology |
| callnumber-label | TK7872 |
| callnumber-raw | TK7872.C65 |
| callnumber-search | TK7872.C65 |
| callnumber-sort | TK 47872 C65 |
| callnumber-subject | TK - Electrical and Nuclear Engineering |
| classification_rvk | VE 6300 VN 6050 ZN 8730 ZP 4120 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)854715576 (DE-599)GBV728945665 |
| dewey-full | 621.31/2424 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 621 - Applied physics |
| dewey-raw | 621.31/2424 |
| dewey-search | 621.31/2424 |
| dewey-sort | 3621.31 42424 |
| dewey-tens | 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
| discipline | Chemie / Pharmazie Elektrotechnik / Elektronik / Nachrichtentechnik Energietechnik |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV041044326 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:38:26Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781439869895 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2012032953 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-026021694 |
| oclc_num | 854715576 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-1046 DE-83 DE-29T DE-703 |
| owner_facet | DE-1046 DE-83 DE-29T DE-703 |
| physical | XVIII, 355 S. |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publishDateSearch | 2013 |
| publishDateSort | 2013 |
| publisher | CRC Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Electrochemical energy storage and conversion |
| spelling | Yu, Aiping Verfasser (DE-588)1035041545 aut Electrochemical supercapacitors for energy storage and delivery fundamentals and applications Aiping Yu, Victor Chabot, and Jiujun Zhang Boca Raton, FL CRC Press 2013 XVIII, 355 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Electrochemical energy storage and conversion Includes bibliographical references and index "Preface In today's energy-dependent world, electrochemical devices for energy storage and conversion such as batteries, fuel cells and electrochemical supercapacitors (ES') have been recognized as the most important portion among all energy storage and conversion technologies. Electrochemical supercapacitor, also known as supercapacitor, ultracapacitor, or electrochemical double layer capacitor, is a special capacitor that can store relatively high energy density compared to conventional capacitor. Possessing a number of high-impact characteristics, such as fast charging, long charge-discharge cycles and broad operating temperature ranges, ES' have wide spread applications in hybrid or electrical vehicles, electronics, aircrafts, and smart grids. Although there are still some challenges in ES systems such as relatively low energy density and high cost at current technology state, with further development, ES' can not only in tandem with batteries and fuel cells serve as power devices, but also work as a standalone high energy storage device. To facilitate the research and development, we believe a book containing both fundamentals and applications of ES technology is definitely needed. The best known book in the field is B. E. Conway's "Electrochemical Supercapacitor-Scientific Fundamentals and Technological Applications" published in 1999. This book gives the first comprehensive illustration and summary of the development of electrochemical supercapacitor in 20th century. Our book will focus on the introduction to the electrochemical supercapacitors from more technical and practical aspects and crystallization of the technology development in the past decade"-- Elektrolytkondensator (DE-588)4132068-2 gnd rswk-swf Elektrochemische Energieumwandlung (DE-588)4151758-1 gnd rswk-swf Energiespeicherung (DE-588)4014722-8 gnd rswk-swf Elektrochemische Energiequelle (DE-588)4151755-6 gnd rswk-swf Supercapacitors Storage batteries Elektrochemische Energiequelle (DE-588)4151755-6 s Elektrolytkondensator (DE-588)4132068-2 s DE-604 Energiespeicherung (DE-588)4014722-8 s Elektrochemische Energieumwandlung (DE-588)4151758-1 s Chabot, Victor Verfasser aut Zhang, Jiujun Verfasser aut Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026021694&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026021694&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Yu, Aiping Chabot, Victor Zhang, Jiujun Electrochemical supercapacitors for energy storage and delivery fundamentals and applications Elektrolytkondensator (DE-588)4132068-2 gnd Elektrochemische Energieumwandlung (DE-588)4151758-1 gnd Energiespeicherung (DE-588)4014722-8 gnd Elektrochemische Energiequelle (DE-588)4151755-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4132068-2 (DE-588)4151758-1 (DE-588)4014722-8 (DE-588)4151755-6 |
| title | Electrochemical supercapacitors for energy storage and delivery fundamentals and applications |
| title_auth | Electrochemical supercapacitors for energy storage and delivery fundamentals and applications |
| title_exact_search | Electrochemical supercapacitors for energy storage and delivery fundamentals and applications |
| title_full | Electrochemical supercapacitors for energy storage and delivery fundamentals and applications Aiping Yu, Victor Chabot, and Jiujun Zhang |
| title_fullStr | Electrochemical supercapacitors for energy storage and delivery fundamentals and applications Aiping Yu, Victor Chabot, and Jiujun Zhang |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrochemical supercapacitors for energy storage and delivery fundamentals and applications Aiping Yu, Victor Chabot, and Jiujun Zhang |
| title_short | Electrochemical supercapacitors for energy storage and delivery |
| title_sort | electrochemical supercapacitors for energy storage and delivery fundamentals and applications |
| title_sub | fundamentals and applications |
| topic | Elektrolytkondensator (DE-588)4132068-2 gnd Elektrochemische Energieumwandlung (DE-588)4151758-1 gnd Energiespeicherung (DE-588)4014722-8 gnd Elektrochemische Energiequelle (DE-588)4151755-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Elektrolytkondensator Elektrochemische Energieumwandlung Energiespeicherung Elektrochemische Energiequelle |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026021694&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026021694&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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