Opery Józefa Michała Ksawerego Poniatowskiego
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2012
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| Schriftenreihe: | Biblioteka Operowa
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Spis treści
Wstęp
. 7
1.
Józef Michał Ksawery Poniatowski
-
sylwetka artysty
. 15
1.1.
Kompozytor i polityk
-
fakty biograficzne
. 15
1.2.
Poglądy estetyczne na twórczość operową
. 31
2.
Katalog tematyczny oper Poniatowskiego
. 47
3.
Dzieła Poniatowskiego w kontekście gatunkowych
tradycji operowych
. 105
3.1.
Opery włoskie wobec tradycji bel canto
. 106
3.2.
Opery francuskie
-
cechy gatunkowe i stylistyka
. 124
3.3.
Synteza włoskich i francuskich tradycji operowych
-
Pierre
de Médias
. 131
4.
Romantyczne wątki literackie w twórczości operowej
Poniatowskiego
. 149
4.1.
Od romantycznego dramatu Hugo do opery
bel canto
-
Ruy
Blas . 150
4.2.
Byronowska opera orientalna
-
La sposa d'Abido .
162
Spis treści
5.
Techniki i strategie kompozytorskie Poniatowskiego
. 177
5.1.
Technika recyklingu
- Giovanni
da Procida
iBonifazio de Geremei
. 178
5.2.
Parodia konwencji operowych
-
Au travers du mur
. 196
6.
Recepcja twórczości operowej Poniatowskiego
. 213
Zakończenie
. 237
Bibliografia
. 245
Indeks osób
. 255
Summary
. 263
Summary
The forgotten composer and opera singer Prince
Józef Michał Ksawery Fran¬
ciszek Jan
Poniatowski
(1816-1873)
was a prominent figure in the political
and musical life of Italy and France. He belonged to the family of the last king of
Poland, his grandfather being Stanislaus Augustus' brother. The family was con¬
nected with various powerful European noble houses and had estates throughout
Europe, and so it should come as no surprise that biographies of its members
have displayed an international character. The life and work of
Józef
Poniatowski
is a distinct example of this: born in Rome, he lived in Florence and worked as
a Tuscan ambassador in various European capitals. Then, during the reign of
Napoleon III, he became a senator of the French empire, and after the emperor
s
abdication he accompanied him in exile to England, where he died.
The prince's musical activities, closely intertwined with his political work,
were particularly linked with opera. Poniatowski not only composed operatic
works, but occasionally performed the principal tenor parts in his works, as well
as bearing some of the costs of their performances. His writing of twelve operas
(nine Italian and three French) and bringing about their performance is a rep¬
resentative example of artistic activities among amateurs (dilettanti) of noble
birth. Indeed, this aspect recurred continually in the critics' opinions regarding
the artistic value of Poniatowski
s
operatic works. Yet the presence of those works
in the repertoire of the leading European opera companies (Paris Opera, La Sea-
la, Covent Garden and others) attests the composer-prince
s
standing and im¬
portance.
No comprehensive study of his life and work has yet been produced. The
author
s
research into Poniatowski's operatic output required laborious archive
searches, the gathering of source materials, and also the scrutiny of opinions
contained in the nineteenth-century press. The basic source material
-
manu¬
script scores (originals and copies), piano reductions and printed librettos
-
is
dispersed among collections in Paris
(Bibliothèque Nationale, Bibliothèque
d'Opéra),
Venice
(archive
of
La
Fenice
theatre, library of
Fondazione Levi),
Berlin
(Staatsbibliothek Preussischer Kulturbesitz)
and New York (New York
264
Summary
Public Library). A significant amount of documents relating to the artist's life
and work are assembled in the Poniatowski family's private archive, deposited
in the Archives
Nationales in
Paris.
The present monograph is the first work on such a scale devoted to the ope¬
ratic output of Prince
Józef
Poniatowski. Given the paucity and fragmentary na¬
ture of the subject literature produced to date, it is impossible to speak of the
subject being exhaustively analysed in this study. Nevertheless, the principal
strands of the subject are addressed here, providing a more detailed profile of
the artist and his musical output than has hitherto been available. The work is
divided into six chapters.
In the first chapter, the author presents the figure and biography of
Józef
Po¬
niatowski and reconstructs his aesthetic views on opera. The information con¬
tained in this chapter is based on archive material, opinions voiced in the press
and the meagre biographical texts previously published. Poniatowski
s
compo¬
sitional output clearly falls into an Italian phase
(1839-1848),
and a later phase
(1858-1873)
in which he wrote operas in France and Great Britain. In between
those phases, he was occupied with diplomatic work and did not compose any
operas. After moving to Paris and settling in France, the prince joined in the
musical life there and willingly expressed his opinions on the music of his times.
These fragmentarily preserved utterances and publications enable us to recon¬
struct the tenets of his aesthetics of opera
-
the musical form that was most im¬
portant to him and that he considered the most significant in the whole history
of music. These issues can be addressed today thanks mainly to a critical reading
of the brochure
Les Progrès de la musique dramatique,
published by
Poniatowski
in
1859,
in which he set out his understanding of opera aesthetics and history.
The second part comprises a catalogue of Poniatowski
s
operas and contains
a range
ofinformation
on those works. The structure of the catalogue is based on
the distinction
-
in relation to each of the operas
-
of three segments containing
information of a specific type. First we have the basic facts concerning the operas
(arranged in chronological order), such as the year of composition, the operatic
genre, the number of acts, the author(s) of the libretto, the literary source for the
libretto, and so on. On account of the scant popularity of the operas in question,
a brief synopsis of each work has also been included. The second section com¬
prises musical incipits of the 'numbers' of each opera. Finally, the third segment
contains documentary information about the libretto, score and printed piano
Summary
265
reductions of the operas, and also about performances, as well as issues relating
to changes made to the operas (editorial or otherwise), their fortunes, and so on.
The third chapter is given over to analyses of Poniatowski
s
operas, taking ac¬
count of their stylistic and generic specificities. The Italian operas and the French
operas are discussed separately, as they represent distinctive traditions and are
linked to different kinds of operatic output. The stylistic context of Italian and
French opera is also outlined in this chapter, enabling us to specify the place and
character of the traditions on which Poniatowski drew and to which he referred.
Interestingly, although attempting to compose French operas while in Paris, in
their style the composer made use of many elements of Italian opera, which was
certainly closer to his own aesthetic. Indeed, this singular combination of Italian
and French traits in his output was pointed out by the music critics of his times.
The interpretation of the opera Pierre
de Médicis
that ends the third chapter, ap¬
proached from the perspective
ofthat
works links to both of the national opera¬
tic traditions, serves as a practical exemplification
ofthat
area of study. Moreover,
this grand
opéra,
presented on the boards of the Theatre
Impérial d'Opéra
in Pa¬
ris, in March
I860,
was Poniatowski
s
most outstanding creative achievement
and won great public recognition, largely on account
ofthat
successful combin¬
ing of French and Italian styles. Consequently, in this work Poniatowski can be
seen as
a continuator
of the poetics of Rossini
(Guillaume
Tell) or Meyerbeer
(Robert
le diable, Les Huguenots),
and at the same time as an accomplished con¬
noisseur of Italian
bel
canto style.
In the fourth chapter, the author considers the links between Poniatowski
s
operatic output and Romantic themes and
topoi,
manifest in his use of topical
themes and literary motifs in the librettos of his operas. Taking as an example his
two operas inspired by the great European literature of those times
-
Ruy
Blas
(based on Victor Hugos play) and
La sposa d'Abido
(based on Byron's poetic tale
The Bride ojAbydos)
-
the author examines the ways in which popular literary
themes are used in Poniatowski's works and points to the currency of Romantic
issues at the time he was composing his operas. The remarks made in this chapter
also reveal the way in which he transformed literary works into operatic works.
The fifth chapter constitutes an analysis of the compositional techniques and
strategies employed by Poniatowski in his operas. The idea of'recycling', taken
from Rossini, involving the re-use of previously composed material in new ope¬
ratic works, was employed by Poniatowski in two operas, to which he wrote the
266
Summary
librettos himself: Giovanni daProcida
(1839)
and Bonifazio
de Geremei (1843).
In the unpretentious one-act
opéra bouffe Au travers du mur,
meanwhile, the
prince
revealed a gift for parody and pastiche. The analysis effected in this re¬
gard shows how readily Poniatowski turned to various modish currents in stage
output and the facility with which he juggled operatic cliches. So in this context
Au travers du mur
can be treated as a sort of pendant to the irreverent operettas
of Jacques Offenbach, which were popular with Parisian audiences at that time.
The sixth and final chapter concerns the reception of Poniatowski
s
operas. In
this area, information was taken from the nineteenth-century press, which con¬
tains a range of opinions on the subject of the prince's works, published on the
pages of periodicals in Italy, France, Britain, Germany, Austria and Poland,
lhe
assessments and judgments passed by critics of the composer's own times were
mercilessly revised by posterity, which consigned Poniatowski
s
entire
oeuvre
to
oblivion. All the more reason, therefore, to examine the response those works
drew from contemporary critics. The way in which the material in this chapter
is ordered resembles the structure employed in the second chapter: a brief over¬
view is followed by a presentation of opinions regarding
Poniatowskťs
operas,
one after the other, in chronological order.
In his forgotten operas. Prince Poniatowski shows himself to be a discer¬
ning connoisseur of nineteenth-century Italian and French operatic traditions. In
maintaining contacts with outstanding figures of his day, befriending the French
emperor and discussing with Rossini, he certainly had many opportunities to fa¬
miliarise himself with the current operatic repertoire, from which he drew plenty
of inspiration for his own works.
English translation by John Comber |
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| language | Polish |
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| spelling | Golianek, Ryszard Daniel Verfasser (DE-588)1024923835 aut Opery Józefa Michała Ksawerego Poniatowskiego Ryszard Daniel Golianek Łysomice Dom Wydawniczy Duet 2012 266 s. il. - Notenbeisp. 23 cm. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Biblioteka Operowa 4 Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Poniatowski, Joźef 1816-1873 (DE-588)115457089 gnd rswk-swf Oper (DE-588)4043582-9 gnd rswk-swf Poniatowski, Joźef 1816-1873 (DE-588)115457089 p Oper (DE-588)4043582-9 s DE-604 Biblioteka Operowa 4 (DE-604)BV040953443 4 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025931947&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025931947&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Golianek, Ryszard Daniel Opery Józefa Michała Ksawerego Poniatowskiego Biblioteka Operowa Poniatowski, Joźef 1816-1873 (DE-588)115457089 gnd Oper (DE-588)4043582-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)115457089 (DE-588)4043582-9 |
| title | Opery Józefa Michała Ksawerego Poniatowskiego |
| title_auth | Opery Józefa Michała Ksawerego Poniatowskiego |
| title_exact_search | Opery Józefa Michała Ksawerego Poniatowskiego |
| title_full | Opery Józefa Michała Ksawerego Poniatowskiego Ryszard Daniel Golianek |
| title_fullStr | Opery Józefa Michała Ksawerego Poniatowskiego Ryszard Daniel Golianek |
| title_full_unstemmed | Opery Józefa Michała Ksawerego Poniatowskiego Ryszard Daniel Golianek |
| title_short | Opery Józefa Michała Ksawerego Poniatowskiego |
| title_sort | opery jozefa michala ksawerego poniatowskiego |
| topic | Poniatowski, Joźef 1816-1873 (DE-588)115457089 gnd Oper (DE-588)4043582-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Poniatowski, Joźef 1816-1873 Oper |
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