Computer-generated 3D-visualisations in archaeology between added value and deception
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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Archaeopress
2013
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| Schriftenreihe: | BAR International Series
2463 |
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| 020 | |a 9781407310718 |9 978-1-4073-1071-8 | ||
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Computer-generated 3D-visualisations in archaeology |b between added value and deception |c Joyce Wittur |
| 264 | 1 | |a Oxford |b Archaeopress |c 2013 | |
| 300 | |a XVIII, 276 S. |b Ill., Kt. |e CD-ROM (12 cm) | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819734934643802112 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
1
Preface
1
1.1 Personal
motivation
............................................. 1
1.2
Acknowledgements
............................................. 1
2
Introduction
3
2.1
Study aim
.................................................. 3
2.2
Approach taken
............................................... 3
2.2.1
Casestudies
............................................. 4
2.2.2
Model creation and preservation
................................. 5
2.3
General information
............................................ 5
3
Definitions
7
4
Trends in the application of virtual models in archaeology
9
4.1
The beginnings:
1983 - 1993........................................ 9
4.2
Critical voices:
1994-2000......................................... 10
4.3
The boom years:
1996-2002........................................ 13
4.4
End of the discussion?
Since
2003.................................................. 13
5
Some ethical problems
15
5.1
Awareness of ethical issues
........................................ 16
5.2
Ethical and theoretical
problems
................................................... 16
5.3
What are these models?
.......................................... 17
5.3.1
Surrogates?
............................................. 17
5.3.2
Simulations?
............................................. 17
iii
5.3.3
Communication
devices?
..................................... 18
5.3.4 Hyperreal?.............................................. 18
5.3.5
Simulacra?
.............................................. 18
5.3.6
Mimesis?
............................................... 19
5.4
Authenticity and objectivity
........................................ 20
5.5
Model applications
............................................. 20
5.5.1
Modelling aims
........................................... 20
5.5.2
Technical feasibility
......................................... 22
5.5.3
Entertainment
............................................ 23
5.5.4
Models of excavations and extant remains for documentation,
simulation and research
...................................... 23
5.5.4.1
Excavation reconstruction
............................... 24
5.5.4.2
Excavation simulation
.................................. 25
5.5.4.3
Re-assembling sites
................................... 26
5.5.5
Communication
........................................... 26
5.5.6
Front-end
.............................................. 29
5.5.7
Analysis
............................................... 30
5.5.7.1
Structure
......................................... 30
5.5.7.2
Surface models combined with additional data
................... 31
5.5.7.3
Explanation or comprehension of data
........................ 32
5.5.7.4
Change
.......................................... 32
5.5.7.5
Astronomy
........................................ 33
5.5.7.6
Lighting conditions
................................... 33
5.5.7.7
Ritual
........................................... 34
5.5.7.8
Hypothesis testing
.................................... 34
5.5.7.9
Visibility and /or phenomenology
........................... 34
5.5.7.10
Human activity, site function
.............................. 35
5.5.8
Conclusion:
Implications of model applications
................................ 36
5.6
Problems of collaboration
......................................... 36
5.7
Documentation
............................................... 37
5.8
Data basis
.................................................. 42
5.8.1
Data
................................................. 42
iv
5.8.2
Metadata
............................................... 42
5.8.3
Accessing the data basis
...................................... 43
5.9
Interpretation of the data basis
...................................... 44
5.9.1
Displaying uncertainties and reconstructed parts
....................... 44
5.9.1.1
Time
............................................ 45
5.9.2
Alternative reconstructions
.................................... 46
5.10
Perception
.................................................. 47
5.10.1
Level of detail
............................................ 47
5.10.2
Line drawings
............................................ 48
5.10.3
Photo-realism or
non-photorealistic rendering
................................... 48
5.10.4
Cognitive theory
.......................................... 49
5.11
Conclusion
.................................................. 51
6
Progetto Insula
del
Centenario
(IX,
8) 53
6.1
Insula
del
Centenario
............................................ 53
6.2
The reconstruction project
......................................... 57
6.2.1
Aims and ambitions
........................................ 57
6.2.1.1
Tackling the applied ethical issues
........................... 58
6.3
Arriving at the model
............................................ 61
6.3.1
The documentation
......................................... 62
6.3.2
Modelling
.............................................. 66
6.3.3
Using the reconstruction model
.................................. 70
6.3.3.1
An evaluation of Whyre®
............................... 73
6.4
Have the aims been reached?
....................................... 75
6.4.1
Unexpected uses for the model
.................................. 77
6.5
Appraisal
................................................... 77
7
Ename
974 79
7.1
Historical background of the region
................................... 79
7.1.1
Berings collection of records
................................... 85
7.2
Archaeological sources
........................................... 90
7.2.1
Early occupational traces in Ename
............................... 91
v
7.2.2
St. Vedastus church in
Nederename
............................................. 91
7.2.3
The castle
.............................................. 92
7.2.4
The pre-urban settlement
..................................... 94
7.2.5
St. Saviour s church and the Abbey
............................... 96
7.2.6
St. Lawrence s church
....................................... 99
7.2.6.1
The western sanctuary
................................. 101
7.2.6.2
The aisles
......................................... 103
7.2.6.3
The nave
......................................... 106
7.2.6.4
The eastern sanctuary and the tower
......................... 108
7.2.6.5
The stair tower and the portal
............................. 113
7.2.6.6
Murals
.......................................... 114
7.2.7
Pictorial Sources
.......................................... 117
7.3
The project Ename
974 ..........................................118
7.3.1
General aims and ambitions
....................................118
7.3.2
Earlier projects
...........................................119
7.3.2.1
TimeFrame™: Abbey
..................................120
7.3.2.2
TimeLine: Museum
...................................121
7.3.3
TimeScope
2:
St. Lawrence s church
.......................................122
7.3.3.1
Aims for TimeScope
2..................................122
7.3.3.2
Arriving at the model(s)
................................123
7.3.3.3
The throne
........................................129
7.3.4
News from the Past:
St. Lawrence s church
.......................................129
7.3.5
TimeScope
3:
St. Lawrence s church
.......................................131
7.3.6
Documentation guideline
.....................................132
7.4
Have the aims been reached?
.......................................135
7.4.1
Unexpected uses
..........................................136
7.4.2
Appraisal
..............................................137
7.4.2.1
Reconstruction
......................................137
7.4.2.2
TimeScope
2.......................................138
7.4.2.3
TimeScope
3.......................................138
vi
8
Negotiating Avebury
139
8.1
The Avebury Region with its Monuments
................................ 139
8.1.1
Avebury
............................................... 140
8.1.1.1
The bank
......................................... 140
8.1.1.2
The ditch
......................................... 143
8.1.1.3
The stone settings
.................................... 144
8.1.1.4
Other features
...................................... 150
8.1.2
The West
Kennet
Avenue
..................................... 151
8.1.2.1
The northern part of the West
Kennet
Avenue
.................... 151
8.1.2.2
The avenue at West
Kennet............................... 157
8.1.2.3
Possible uses of the West
Kennet
Avenue
....................... 159
8.1.3
The Sanctuary
............................................ 159
8.1.4
The Beckhampton Avenue
..................................... 160
8.1.4.1
The eastern part of the Beckhampton Avenue
.................... 162
8.1.4.2
The Beckhampton Avenue at
Longstones
Field
................... 163
8.1.4.3
A continuation of the Beckhampton Avenue?
.................... 165
8.1.5
Stone burial and stone-breaking
................................. 165
8.1.5.1
Stone burial
........................................ 165
8.1.5.2
Stone breaking
...................................... 167
8.1.6
Other final neolithic sites in the Avebury region
........................ 168
8.1.6.1
SilburyHill
........................................ 168
8.1.6.2 Falkner
s
circle
...................................... 169
8.1.6.3
West
Kennet
palisade enclosures
........................... 169
8.1.7
Date and sequence of the monument complex
......................... 169
8.1.8
History of Research
......................................... 170
8.1.8.1
The antiquarian records
................................. 171
8.1.8.2
The earliest excavations
................................. 176
8.2
The Negotiating Avebury project
..................................... 177
8.2.1
Aims and ambitions
........................................ 177
8.2.1.1
Theory and practice
................................... 177
8.2.1.2
Phenomenology
..................................... 177
8.2.1.3
Virtual reality and geographic information system
................. 178
vii
8.2.1.4
Lines of research
.....................................179
8.2.2
Arriving at the model
.......................................183
8.2.2.1
Documentation of the site and modelling
.......................183
8.2.2.2
Exploring the reconstruction model
..........................185
8.3
Have the aims been reached?
.......................................196
8.3.1
Useful additions
..........................................198
8.3.2
Beyond Negotiating Avebury
...................................198
8.3.2.1
Digital Avebury: New Avenues of Research
....................198
8.3.2.2
Beyond phenomenology
................................202
9
Pre-Modelling 205
9.1
Data basis
..................................................205
9.1.1
Data
.................................................205
9.1.2
Surveys, excavation and building research records
.......................206
9.1.2.1
Measurements
......................................206
9.1.2.2
Fieldwork
.........................................207
9.1.3
Historical documents
........................................208
9.1.3.1
Texts
............................................210
9.1.3.2
Pictures
..........................................211
9.1.3.3
Numbers
.........................................213
9.1.4
Analogies
..............................................214
9.2
From the basis to the reconstruction: Inferences
.............................214
10
Modelling
219
10.1
Visualisation decisions
...........................................219
10.1.1
Extant remains
...........................................220
10.1.2
Inferred model parts
........................................220
10.1.2.1
Multiple models
.....................................221
10.2
Modelling shape
...............................................221
10.2.1
Wireframe, surface and solid models
...............................222
10.2.1.1
Shape information from physical objects
.......................222
10.2.1.2
Shape information from photographs or video images
...............223
10.2.1.3
Mathematically generated shapes
...........................224
viii
10.3
Rendering and Mapping
.......................................... 226
10.3.1
Rendering methods for polygon meshes
............................. 226
10.3.1.1
Local illumination techniques
............................. 228
10.3.1.2
Global illumination
................................... 231
10.3.1.3
Non-photorealistic rendering (NPR)
......................... 233
10.3.2
Rendering of bi-cubic parametric surfaces
............................ 238
10.3.3
Volume rendering
......................................... 238
10.3.3.1
Ray casting
........................................ 240
10.3.3.2
Voxel projection
..................................... 240
10.3.4
Mapping techniques
........................................ 241
10.3.4.1
Colour
........................................... 241
10.3.4.2
Light mapping
...................................... 241
10.3.4.3
Specular colour or environment mapping
...................... 244
10.3.4.4
Normal vector perturbance or bump mapping
................... 245
10.3.4.5
Displacement mapping
................................. 245
10.3.4.6
Transparency
....................................... 246
10.3.5
Three-dimensional textures
.................................... 246
10.3.6
Geometric shadows
........................................ 246
10.4
Representation
................................................ 247
10.4.1
Method of presentation
...................................... 247
10.4.1.1
Images
.......................................... 248
10.4.1.2
Animations
........................................ 248
10.4.1.3
Interactive models
.................................... 248
10.4.2
Distribution, access and display
................................. 249
10.5
Data preservation
.............................................. 250
10.5.1
Data migration
........................................... 251
10.5.2
Emulation
.............................................. 251
11
Conclusion
253
11.1
Definition of a clear goal
.......................................... 253
11.2
Careful planning
.............................................. 254
11.3
Collaboration
................................................ 255
11.4
Making the model comprehensible
.................................... 255
11.5
Presentation of the model
......................................... 256
11.6
Sustainability and maintenance
...................................... 256
11.7
Closing remarks
............................................... 257
ix
Bibliography
259
|
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| id | DE-604.BV040704747 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-24T03:05:50Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781407310718 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025685207 |
| oclc_num | 828790337 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-12 DE-M157 DE-11 |
| owner_facet | DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-12 DE-M157 DE-11 |
| physical | XVIII, 276 S. Ill., Kt. CD-ROM (12 cm) |
| psigel | gbd_4_1304 |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publishDateSearch | 2013 |
| publishDateSort | 2013 |
| publisher | Archaeopress |
| record_format | marc |
| series | BAR International Series |
| series2 | BAR International Series |
| spellingShingle | Wittur, Joyce Computer-generated 3D-visualisations in archaeology between added value and deception BAR International Series Archäologie (DE-588)4002827-6 gnd Dreidimensionale Rekonstruktion (DE-588)4150634-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4002827-6 (DE-588)4150634-0 |
| title | Computer-generated 3D-visualisations in archaeology between added value and deception |
| title_auth | Computer-generated 3D-visualisations in archaeology between added value and deception |
| title_exact_search | Computer-generated 3D-visualisations in archaeology between added value and deception |
| title_full | Computer-generated 3D-visualisations in archaeology between added value and deception Joyce Wittur |
| title_fullStr | Computer-generated 3D-visualisations in archaeology between added value and deception Joyce Wittur |
| title_full_unstemmed | Computer-generated 3D-visualisations in archaeology between added value and deception Joyce Wittur |
| title_short | Computer-generated 3D-visualisations in archaeology |
| title_sort | computer generated 3d visualisations in archaeology between added value and deception |
| title_sub | between added value and deception |
| topic | Archäologie (DE-588)4002827-6 gnd Dreidimensionale Rekonstruktion (DE-588)4150634-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Archäologie Dreidimensionale Rekonstruktion |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025685207&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV023549802 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT witturjoyce computergenerated3dvisualisationsinarchaeologybetweenaddedvalueanddeception |