Concepts and techniques in genomics and proteomics

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Hauptverfasser: Saraswathy, Nachimuthu (VerfasserIn), Ramalingam, Ponnusamy (VerfasserIn)
Format: Buch
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: Oxford [u.a.] Woodhead Publ. 2012
Schriftenreihe:Woodhead publishing series in biomedicine 5
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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text Contents List of figures xvii List of tables xix Preface xxi Acknowledgements xxiii List of abbreviations , xxv About the authors xxvii 1 Introduction to genes and genomes 1 1.1 Introduction 2 1.2 The cell 2 1.3 Mendel s contributions 4 1.4 The chromosomal theory of inheritance 4 1.5 The chemical nature of genetic material 5 1.6 Composition and structure of DNA 7 1.7 The central dogma of life l 8 1.8 Genomes of prokaryotes and eukaryotes 9 1.9 The molecular structure of the gene 11 1.10 Conclusion 12 Review questions and answers 12 Recommended reading 13 2 The human genome project 15 2.1 The history of the HGP 16 2.2 The budget for the HGP 18 2.3 Goals of the HGP 18 2.4 Laboratories and investigators involved in the HGP 19 2.5 The Human Genome Organization (HUGO) 20 Published by Woodhead Publishing Limited Concepts and Techniques in Genomics and Proteomics 2.6 Salient findings of the HGP 20 2.7 Potential applications of the HGP 22 2.8 Post-HGP challenges 23 2.9 Ethical, legal, social issues (ELSI) related to the HGP 23 2.10 The international HapMap Project 25 Review questions and answers 26 Recommended reading 27 3 Genomes of model organisms 29 3.1 Introduction 29 3.2 The viral genome 30 3.3 Bacterial genomes 31 3.3.1 Escherichia coli genome 32 3.4 Fungal genomes 33 3.4.1 Yeast: Saccharomyces cerevisiae 33 3.4.2 Neurospora crassa 35 3.5 Worm genome: Caenorhabditis elegans 36 3.6 Fruit fly: Drosophila melanogaster 38 3.7 Plant genome 39 3.7.1 Mouse-ear cress: Arabidopsis thaliana 39 3.7.2 Rice genome: Oryza sativa 41 3.8 Animal genome 42 3.8.1 Puffer fish: Fugu rubripes 42 3.8.2 Mouse: Mus musculus 43 3.8.3 Rat: Rattus rattus 44 3.9 The Microbial Genome Project 45 Review questions and answers 45 Recommended reading 47 4 High capacity vectors 49 4.1 Introduction 49 4.2 Cosmid vectors 50 4.3 Fosmid vectors 51 4.4 Bacteriophage P1 derived vector 52 4.5 PI derived artificial chromosome (PAC) 53 4.6 Bacterial artificial chromosomes (ВАС) 54 4.7 Yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) 54 Review questions and answers 55 Recommended reading 56 Published by Woodhead Publishing Limited Contents v xi 5 DNA sequencing methods -* 57 5.1 The history of DNA sequencing ■ 58 5.2 Steps in DNA sequencing ■ 59 5.3 Chemical degradation method of DNA sequencing 60 5.4 The chain termination method of DNA sequencing 64 5.4.1 Steps involved in the chain termination method 66 5.5 Advances in DNA sequencing methods 67 5.5.1 Fluorescent dye-labelled terminator ·■■ 68 5.5.2 Cycle sequencing · ■ 69 5.5.3 Capillary electrophoresis °- 69 5.6 New sequencing methods 70 5.6.1 Micro-electrophoresis 70 5.6.2 Array hybridization sequencing · 71 5.7 Next generation sequencing methods 71 5.7.1 454 sequencing technologies 71 5.7.2 ABI-SOLiD sequencing technology 73 5.7.3 Illumina sequencing technology 74 Review questions and answers 74 Recommended reading , 76 6 Genome mapping 77 6.1 Introduction : 78 6.2 Importance of genome mapping in the context of genome sequencing 78 6.3 Genetic mapping 78 6.3.1 Genetic mapping using genes 79 6.3.2 Genetic mapping using molecular markers 80 6.3.3 Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) 80 6.4 Genetic mapping in humans 81 6.5 Physical mapping methods 82 6.5.1 Cytogenetic mapping 82 6.5.2 FISH in genome mapping 83 6.5.3 Restriction mapping : ·> : 85 6.5.4 STS content mapping 87 6.5.5 Radiation hybrid mapping , 88 Review questions and answers . 90 Recommended reading *-> 93 Published by Woodhead Publishing Limited: xii Concepts and Techniques in Genomics and Proteomics 7 Genome sequencing methods 95 7.1 Introduction 96 7.2 The clone-by-clone genome sequencing method 97 7.2.1 Preparation of the ВАС clone library 97 7.2.2 Preparation of the clone fingerprint 97 7.2.3 ВАС clone sequencing 99 7.2.4 Sequence assembly 99 7.3 The whole genome shotgun sequencing method 100 7.4 Error control in genome sequencing 104 Review questions and answers 106 Recommended reading 106 8 Genome sequence assembly and annotation 109 8.1 Introduction 109 8.2 Clone contig assembly 110 8.3 Genome assembly program 113 8.3.1 PHRAP 113 8.3.2 CAP3 114 8.3.3 Overlap lay-out consensus 114 8.3.4 Eulerianpath 114 8.4 Gaps and gap closing methods 114 8.4.1 Gap closing methods 115 8.5 Draft and finished genome sequences 116 8.5.1 Draft genome sequence 116 8.5.2 Finished genome sequence 117 8.6 Genome annotation 118 8.7 Comparative genomics 118 Review questions and answers 120 Recommended reading 121 9 Functional genomics 123 9.1 Introduction 124 9.2 Northern blotting 125 9.3 Subtractive hybridization 128 9.3.1 Principles of subtractive hybridization 128 9.4 Differential Display Reverse Transcription PCR (DDRT-PCR) 131 9.5 Representational Difference Analysis (RDA) 134 Published by Woodhead Publishing Limited Contents xiii 9.6 Serial Analysis Gene Expression (SAGE) ·. , r · 136 9.6.1 Principles of SAGE 136 9.6.2 MicroS AG E 139 9.7 Microarray technology 140 9.7.1 Principles of microarray hybridization 140 Review questions and answers 143 Recommended reading 144 10 Introduction to proteomics 147 10.1 Introduction ■.·..·■-;=. · . 148 10.2 Traditional route of protein study ·. : 148 10.2.1 Proteome and proteomics .; ,,. , 148 10.3 Protein isolation methods 149 10.3.1 Extraction methods 150 10.3.2 Protein separation techniques , 151 10.4 Branches of proteomics .-.: j; 153 10.4.1 Quantitative proteomics 154 10.4.2 Protein-protein interaction 155 10.5 Characteristics of proteomics 155 Review questions and answers 156 Recommended reading 157 11 Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins 159 11.1 Introduction 160 11.2 Principles of 2D-PAG E 160 11.3 2D-PAG E apparatus 161 11.3.1 The IEF unit 161 11.3.2 The second dimensional unit 161 11.4 Sample preparation 162 11.5 First-dimensional separation by isoelectric focusing 163 11.5.1 Preparation of pH gradient for IEF 163 11.5.2 Sample loading 164 11.5.3 Isoelectric focusing 164 11.6 Equilibration 165 11.7 Second-dimensional separation by SDS-PAGE 165 11.8 Detection of proteinson 2D-PAG E gels 166 11.9 Image analysis 167 11.10 Application of 2D-PAG E in proteomics J 168 Review questions and answers 169 Recommended reading 170 Published by Woodhead Publishing Limited xiv Concepts and Techniques in Genomics and Proteomics 12 Mass spectrometry for proteomics 171 12.1 Introduction 172 12.2 History of the mass spectrometer 172 12.3 Mass spectrometer 174 12.3.1 Basic MS instrumentation 174 12.3.2 lonization sources 175 12.3.3 Mass analyzers 177 12.3.4 Output of the mass spectrometer 178 12.3.5 Resolution of the mass spectrometer 179 12.4 Protein sample preparation for MS analysis 179 12.5 Applications of MS proteomics 180 Review questions and answers 181 Recommended reading 182 13 Protein Identification by Peptide Mass Fingerprinting (PMF) 185 13.1 Introduction 185 13.2 Principles of peptide mass fingerprinting 186 13.3 Protein preparation for PMF 187 13.4 Mass spectrometric analysis of peptide fragments 188 13.5 Data analysis and identification of protein 188 13.5.1 ALDENTE peptide mass fingerprinting tool 189 Review question and answer 189 Recommended reading 191 14 Protein sequencing techniques 193 14.1 Introduction 194 14.2 Preparation of protein sample for sequencing 195 14.3 Steps in protein sequencing 195 14.3.1 Determination of amino acid composition 195 14.3.2 N-terminal amino acid determination 196 14.3.3 C-terminal sequencing 196 14.3.4 Disulfide bond breakage 196 14.3.5 Proteolytic cleavage of the proteins 196 14.4 Protein sequencing by Edman degradation 197 14.5 De novo protein sequencing by mass spectrometry 198 Review questions and answers 200 Recommended reading 201 Published by Woodhead Publishing Limited Contents xv 15 Phosphoproteomics 203 15.1 Post-translational modifications of proteins 204 15.2 Phosphoproteomics 204 15.2.1 Effect of phosphorylation on proteins 205 15.3 Phosphoproteins enrichment methods 206 15.3.1 SDS-PAG E separation of phosphoproteins 206 15.3.2 Immunoprecipitation 206 15.3.3 Immobilized metal affinity chromatography 207 15.3.4 Strong cation exchange chromatography 207 15.4 Mass spectrometry for phosphoprotein identification 208 Review questions and answers 210 Recommended reading 210 16 Glycoproteomics 213 16.1 Glycoproteins 213 16.1.1 Glycoprotein synthesis 215 16.1.2 Functions of glycoproteins ; 215 16.2 Glycoprotein enrichment methods 215 16.3 Mass spectrometric analysis of glycoproteins 216 16.4 Importance of glycoproteins in human diseases 216 Review questions and answers 217 Recommended reading 218 Conclusion 219 Glossary 221 Index 237 Published by Woodhead Publishing Limited
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isbn 9781907568107
1907568107
language English
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record_format marc
series Woodhead publishing series in biomedicine
series2 Woodhead publishing series in biomedicine
spellingShingle Saraswathy, Nachimuthu
Ramalingam, Ponnusamy
Concepts and techniques in genomics and proteomics
Woodhead publishing series in biomedicine
Genomics
Proteomics
Proteomics Methodology
Genomics Methodology
Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 gnd
Genomik (DE-588)4776397-8 gnd
Proteomanalyse (DE-588)4596545-6 gnd
subject_GND (DE-588)4038971-6
(DE-588)4776397-8
(DE-588)4596545-6
title Concepts and techniques in genomics and proteomics
title_auth Concepts and techniques in genomics and proteomics
title_exact_search Concepts and techniques in genomics and proteomics
title_full Concepts and techniques in genomics and proteomics Nachimuthu Saraswathy and Ponnusamy Ramalingam
title_fullStr Concepts and techniques in genomics and proteomics Nachimuthu Saraswathy and Ponnusamy Ramalingam
title_full_unstemmed Concepts and techniques in genomics and proteomics Nachimuthu Saraswathy and Ponnusamy Ramalingam
title_short Concepts and techniques in genomics and proteomics
title_sort concepts and techniques in genomics and proteomics
topic Genomics
Proteomics
Proteomics Methodology
Genomics Methodology
Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 gnd
Genomik (DE-588)4776397-8 gnd
Proteomanalyse (DE-588)4596545-6 gnd
topic_facet Genomics
Proteomics
Proteomics Methodology
Genomics Methodology
Methode
Genomik
Proteomanalyse
url http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025502153&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
volume_link (DE-604)BV040675553
work_keys_str_mv AT saraswathynachimuthu conceptsandtechniquesingenomicsandproteomics
AT ramalingamponnusamy conceptsandtechniquesingenomicsandproteomics