Algorithms in real algebraic geometry

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Hauptverfasser: Basu, Saugata (VerfasserIn), Pollack, Richard (VerfasserIn), Coste-Roy, Marie-Françoise (VerfasserIn)
Format: Buch
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: Berlin Springer Berlin 2010
Ausgabe:2., nd ed. Softcover version of original hardcover edition 2006
Schriftenreihe:Algorithms and Computation in Mathematics 10
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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text Table of Contents Introduction .................................... 1 1 Algebraically Closed Fields ...................... 11 1.1 Definitions and First Properties .................. 11 1.2 Euclidean Division and Greatest Common Divisor ...... 14 1.3 Projection Theorem for Constructible Sets ........... 20 1.4 Quantifier Elimination and the Transfer Principle ....... 25 1.5 Bibliographical Notes ......................... 27 2 Real Closed Fields ............................ 29 2.1 Ordered, Real and Real Closed Fields .............. 29 2.2 Real Root Counting .......................... 44 2.2.1 Descartes s Law of Signs and the Budan-Fourier The¬ orem ............................... 44 2.2.2 Sturm s Theorem and the Cauchy Index ........ 52 2.3 Projection Theorem for Algebraic Sets .............. 57 2.4 Projection Theorem for Semi-Algebraic Sets .......... 63 2.5 Applications ............................... 69 2.5.1 Quantifier Elimination and the Transfer Principle . . 69 2.5.2 Semi-Algebraic Functions .................. 71 2.5.3 Extension of Semi-Algebraic Sets and Functions ... 72 2.6 Puiseux Series ............................. 74 2.7 Bibliographical Notes ......................... 81 3 Semi-Algebraic Sets ........................... 83 3.1 Topology ................................. 83 3.2 Semi-algebraically Connected Sets ................. 86 3.3 Semi-algebraic Germs ......................... 87 3.4 Closed and Bounded Semi-algebraic Sets ............ 93 3.5 Implicit Function Theorem ..................... 94 3.6 Bibliographical Notes ......................... 99 Algebra .................................... 101 4.1 Discriminant and Subdiscriminant ................. 101 4.2 Resultant and Subresultant Coefficients ............. 105 4.2.1 Resultant ............................ 105 4.2.2 Subresultant Coefficients .................. 110 4.2.3 Subresultant Coefficients and Cauchy Index ...... 113 4.3 Quadratic Forms and Root Counting ............... 119 4.3.1 Quadratic Forms ....................... 119 4.3.2 Hermite s Quadratic Form ................. 127 4.4 Polynomial Ideals ........................... 132 4.4.1 Hubert s Basis Theorem ................... 132 4.4.2 Hubert s Nullstellensatz................... 136 4.5 Zero-dimensional Systems ...................... 143 4.6 Multivariate Hermite s Quadratic Form ............. 149 4.7 Projective Space and a Weak Bézouťs Theorem ........ 153 4.8 Bibliographical Notes ......................... 157 Decomposition of Semi-Algebraic Sets .............. 159 5.1 Cylindrical Decomposition ...................... 159 5.2 Semi-algebraically Connected Components ........... 168 5.3 Dimension ................................ 170 5.4 Semi-algebraic Description of Cells ................ 172 5.5 Stratification .............................. 174 5.6 Simplicial Complexes ......................... 181 5.7 Triangulation .............................. 183 5.8 Hardt s Triviality Theorem and Consequences ......... 186 5.9 Semi-algebraic Sard s Theorem ................... 191 5.10 Bibliographical Notes ......................... 194 Elements of Topology .......................... 195 6.1 Simplicial Homology Theory .................... 195 6.1.1 The Homology Groups of a Simplicial Complex .... 195 6.1.2 Simplicial Cohomology Theory .............. 199 6.1.3 A Characterization of H1 in a Special Case ....... 201 6.1.4 The Mayer-Vietoris Theorem ............... 206 6.1.5 Chain Homotopy ....................... 209 6.1.6 The Simplicial Homology Groups Are Invariant Under Homeomorphism ....................... 213 6.2 Simplicial Homology of Closed and Bounded Semi-algebraic Sets .................................... 221 6.2.1 Definitions and First Properties .............. 221 6.2.2 Homotopy ............................ 223 6.3 Homology of Certain Locally Closed Semi-Algebraic Sets . . 226 6.3.1 Homology of Closed Semi-algebraic Sets and of Sign Con¬ ditions .............................. 226 6.3.2 Homology of a Pair ...................... 228 6.3.3 Borel-Moore Homology ................... 231 6.3.4 Euler-Poincaré Characteristic ............... 234 6.4 Bibliographical Notes ......................... 236 Quantitative Semi-algebraic Geometry ............. 237 7.1 Morse Theory .............................. 237 7.2 Sum of the Betti Numbers of Real Algebraic Sets ....... 256 7.3 Bounding the Betti Numbers of Realizations of Sign Conditions ....................................... 262 7.4 Sum of the Betti Numbers of Closed Semi-algebraic Sets . . 268 7.5 Sum of the Betti Numbers of Semi-algebraic Sets ....... 273 7.6 Bibliographical Notes ......................... 280 Complexity of Basic Algorithms .................. 281 8.1 Definition of Complexity ....................... 281 8.2 Linear Algebra ............................. 292 8.2.1 Size of Determinants ..................... 292 8.2.2 Evaluation of Determinants ................ 294 8.2.3 Characteristic Polynomial .................. 299 8.2.4 Signature of Quadratic Forms ............... 300 8.3 Remainder Sequences and Subresultants ............. 301 8.3.1 Remainder Sequences .................... 301 8.3.2 Signed Subresultant Polynomials ............. 303 8.3.3 Structure Theorem for Signed Subresultants ...... 307 8.3.4 Size of Remainders and Subresultants .......... 314 8.3.5 Specialization Properties of Subresultants ....... 316 8.3.6 Subresultant Computation ................. 317 8.4 Bibliographical Notes ......................... 322 9 Cauchy Index and Applications ................... 323 9.1 Cauchy Index .............................. 323 9.1.1 Computing the Cauchy Index ............... 323 9.1.2 Bezoutian and Cauchy Index ................ 326 9.1.3 Signed Subresultant Sequence and Cauchy Index on an Interval ............................. 330 9.2 Hankel Matrices ............................ 333 9.2.1 Hankel Matrices and Rational Functions ........ 334 9.2.2 Signature of Hankel Quadratic Forms .......... 337 9.3 Number of Complex Roots with Negative Real Part ..... 344 9.4 Bibliographical Notes ......................... 350 10 Real Roots .................................. 351 10.1 Bounds on Roots ............................ 351 10.2 Isolating Real Roots .......................... 360 10.3 Sign Determination .......................... 383 10.4 Roots in a Real Closed Field .................... 397 10.5 Bibliographical Notes ......................... 401 11 Cylindrical Decomposition Algorithm .............. 403 11.1 Computing the Cylindrical Decomposition ........... 404 11.1.1 Outline of the Method .................... 404 11.1.2 Details of the Lifting Phase ................ 408 11.2 Decision Problem ........................... 415 11.3 Quantifier Elimination ........................ 423 11.4 Lower Bound for Quantifier Elimination ............. 426 11.5 Computation of Stratifying Families ............... 428 11.6 Topology of Curves .......................... 430 11.7 Restricted Elimination ........................ 440 11.8 Bibliographical Notes ......................... 444 12 Polynomial System Solving ...................... 445 12.1 A Few Results on Gröbner Bases ................. 445 12.2 Multiplication Tables ......................... 451 12.3 Special Multiplication Table ..................... 456 12.4 Univariate Representation ...................... 462 12.5 Limits of the Solutions of a Polynomial System ........ 471 12.6 Finding Points in Connected Components of Algebraic Sets . 483 12.7 Triangular Sign Determination ................... 495 12.8 Computing the Euler-Poincaré Characteristic of an Algebraic Set ..................................... 498 12.9 Bibliographical Notes ......................... 503 13 Existential Theory of the Reals ................... 505 13.1 Finding Realizable Sign Conditions ................ 506 13.2 A Few Applications .......................... 516 13.3 Sample Points on an Algebraic Set ................ 519 13.4 Computing the Euler-Poincaré Characteristic of Sign Condi¬ tions .................................... 528 13.5 Bibliographical Notes ......................... 532 14 Quantifier Elimination ......................... 533 14.1 Algorithm for the General Decision Problem .......... 534 14.2 Quantifier Elimination ........................ 547 14.3 Local Quantifier Elimination .................... 551 14.4 Global Optimization ......................... 557 14.5 Dimension of Semi-algebraic Sets ................. 558 14.6 Bibliographical Notes ......................... 562 15 Computing Roadmaps and Connected Components of Alge¬ braic Sets ................................... 563 15.1 Pseudo-critical Values and Connectedness ............ 564 15.2 Roadmap of an Algebraic Set .................... 568 15.3 Computing Connected Components of Algebraic Sets .... 580 15.4 Bibliographical Notes ......................... 592 16 Computing Roadmaps and Connected Components of Semi- algebraic Sets ................................ 593 16.1 Special Values .............................. 593 16.2 Uniform Roadmaps .......................... 601 16.3 Computing Connected Components of Sign Conditions . . . 608 16.4 Computing Connected Components of a Semi-algebraic Set . 614 16.5 Roadmap Algorithm ......................... 617 16.6 Computing the First Betti Number of Semi-algebraic Sets . 627 16.7 Bibliographical Notes ......................... 633 References ..................................... 635 Index of Notation ................................ 645 Index ......................................... 655
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Coste-Roy, Marie-Françoise
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Coste-Roy, Marie-Françoise
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record_format marc
series Algorithms and Computation in Mathematics
series2 Algorithms and Computation in Mathematics
spellingShingle Basu, Saugata
Pollack, Richard
Coste-Roy, Marie-Françoise
Algorithms in real algebraic geometry
Algorithms and Computation in Mathematics
Computeralgebra (DE-588)4010449-7 gnd
Reelle algebraische Geometrie (DE-588)4192004-1 gnd
subject_GND (DE-588)4010449-7
(DE-588)4192004-1
title Algorithms in real algebraic geometry
title_auth Algorithms in real algebraic geometry
title_exact_search Algorithms in real algebraic geometry
title_full Algorithms in real algebraic geometry Saugata Basu ; Richard Pollack ; Marie-Françoise Coste-Roy
title_fullStr Algorithms in real algebraic geometry Saugata Basu ; Richard Pollack ; Marie-Françoise Coste-Roy
title_full_unstemmed Algorithms in real algebraic geometry Saugata Basu ; Richard Pollack ; Marie-Françoise Coste-Roy
title_short Algorithms in real algebraic geometry
title_sort algorithms in real algebraic geometry
topic Computeralgebra (DE-588)4010449-7 gnd
Reelle algebraische Geometrie (DE-588)4192004-1 gnd
topic_facet Computeralgebra
Reelle algebraische Geometrie
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