Istoria popoarelor din sud-estul Europei în epoca modernă (1789 - 1923)
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Ed. Cetatea de Scaun
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| adam_text | Summary
The History of South-East Europe and its Relations with the Romanian
People (The Modern Epoch.
1789-1923)
provides an investigation concerning the
Balkan zone from the standpoint of the world history, revealing the importance of
the Romanian people in that context. The book addresses both experts and a
wider reading public interested in questions regarding the foundation of states in
South-Eastern Europe. Nicolae Iorga once said: One can speak about France
without knowing anything else than France and her neighbors... but, in order to
know the Romanians history, one has to know the history of her neighbors, the
history of the whole eastern part of Europe.
This book is the result of
.35
years of scientific and teaching work concerning
Balkan and world history problems, related to the Romanian people. The author
studies extensively in the Romanian and Yugoslavian archives (Belgrade,
Novi
Sad, Karlovitz, Zagreb, Liubliana, Sarajevo, Cetinge, Skopje) and for shorter
periods in Bulgarian, Albanian and Greek archives. He also participated in
international meetings dealing with South-East European history.
The first chapter of the book refers to: the Romanian historiography on South-
Eastern Europe, from Dimitrie Cantemir up to our own days; the Balkan Studies
in the South-East European countries: Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Yugoslavia,
Turkey, with emphasis laid on the powerful centre of Albanian studies in
Prístina
(Yugoslavia) and the centre specialized in the study of Macedonian Slavs in
Skopje (Yugoslavia); the main works in the field of Balkan research (the modern
epoch) of the other European countries, of USA and Canada, having traditions in
that branch. The readers are thus provided a useful work of reference, endowed
with the bibliography of the most important works on the modern age of South-
Eastern Europe.
The Romanians contribution has been especially revealed by this work
-
and
particularly that of Dimitrie Cantemir
(1673-1723),
who made a scientific
description of the Ottoman Empire, as well as the contribution of the great
historian Nicolae Iorga
(1871-1940).
The latter laid the bases of Romanian
scientific Balkan history investigation
-
in
1913
he founded, together with Vasile
Prâvan
and George Murgoci, the Institute for South-East European Studies. His
activity was continued in that direction by Victor Papacostea
(1900-1962)
and by
other important experts.
The Second World War brought fundamental changes in the social life of four
Balkan states: Albania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia and Romania, which became
socialist countries. A new type of internal and external relations among these
states, as well as events, such as the emergence of independent Cyprus in
1960,
brought essential changes in the field of Balkan and Oriental research too. It was
Romania s initiative to found an international organization in the branch of
south-east European studies (Association Internationale
d Étitudes du Sud-Est
Européen
- A.I.E.
S.
E.E.),
seated in Bucharest
(1963),
as well as national
institutes: in .Bucharest
(1963),
Sofia
(1964),
Belgrade
(1966)
a.o.
Nicolae Ciachir
AU
chapters of this book comprise new problems and interpretations, or
materials published in the Balkan states which had not yet been employed in
Romanian historiography. Romania s role as a host and her lasting state
structure have been fully revealed by this study. Members from various social
categories from the whole Balkan area could find a shelter and conditions of
labour in all Romanian provinces, some of them acquiring important fortunes.
They fought in the Romanian armies under Stephen the Great, John the Brave,
Michael the Brave and other princes, who opposed the Ottoman rule. Moreover,
Romanian princes founded cultural establishments in Bulgaria, Thessaly, Serbia,
Cyprus, Constantinopole, Mount
Athos,
Anatolia, Peloponnesus etc. The
Yugoslavian scholar, Professor
Radu
Flora from the Belgrade University stated
that princes Vasile
Lupu
and
Şerban Cantacuzino
wanted to
-
reestablish
Byzantium, and Romanian was a language of communication from Bohemia up to
Peloponnesus (where there are still several localities called Vlachos). The author
quotes in his work proofs concerning the North and South-Danube Romanic
presence: Romanian and Macedo-Romanian were spoken at the court of
Ali
Pasha
of lanina, and Pazvantoglu of
Vidin
spoke Romanian with the Austrian officer
Henig. lorga also noted that many Ottoman pashas were able to communicate in
the Romanian language with the Poles, and a Turkish commander of
Transylvania
-
who was a Magyar converted to Mahommedanism
-
addressed the
Saxons of Transylvania in Wallachian. Along his work, the author brings new
arguments and details, even shifts in the point of view concerning Balkan history.
Documents bring to the forth elements in connection with the
1848
Revolution
(e.g. the attempt of the Romanians in Wallachia to raise the Bulgarians to
rebellion a.o.). Other details are provided in connection with the contribution of
Tudor Vladimirescu s participation in liberating Pleven in
1809,
with the
Romanians implied in the Hetairia (from Russian archives), with General
Diebich s correspondence addressed to Tzar Nicholas I before the signing of the
Adrianople Peace in
1829,
as regards the Christians of South-Eastern Europe
(with the Romanian origin of the Serbian scholar Gherasim
Gheorghević,
author
of a history of Serbia written in prose and verse
(1838).
Further comments and information deal with the response to the Union of the
Romanian Principalities in
1859,
and to
Alexandru
loan Cuza s reforms (based on
Yugoslavian archives) and with the activity of the Bulgarian revolutionaries on
Romania s territory, such, as Hristo Botev (from Romanian archives) and from
foreign documents a.o., recently published in collections of documents of Bulgaria.
Romanian archives too provided information related to the Albanian cultural and
political life from
1878
to
1914
(the archives of
Brăila
and the Ministry for
Foreign Affairs). Rare documents coming from various places in the Balkans
reveal the outline of the Oriental crisis from theoutburst of the uprising in
Bosnia,
Hercegovina
and Bulgaria
(1875),
up to the moment when the decisions of
the Congress of Berlin
(1878)
were published; they rely mostly on materials from
-
Romanian, Serbian, Montenegran, Greek materials and Ottoman works already
circulated in scientific studies.
There are many facts provided concerning the Romanian-Greek relations
(1879-1912),
as well as the Romanian-Ottoman relations
(1878-1912),
Romania s
position as against the last stage of the Oriental crisis
(1878-1881),
as well as the
344
Summary
smoothing down of the Serbian-Bulgarian conflict
(1885)
and the conclusion of the
Peace of Bucharest
(1886).
Materials unpublished so far reveal new aspects in the development of the
Balkan wars. The fund of the Royal house (State Archives Bucharest) comprises
the secret
stenogram
of the Entente states (Japan inclusively), i.e. the meeting
held in Paris in
1917,
concerning the activization of the Balkan and Near East
front.
Further documents describe Romania s attaining of national unity
(1
December
1918),
the foundation of the Serbian-Croatian-Slovenian kingdom
(1
December
1918),
the withdrawal of the last Italian troops from Albania s territory
(3
September
1920)
and then the changes in the Ottoman Empire, up to KemaFs
victory and the proclamation of the Republic of Turkey
(1923).
Kemal Pasha
applied the stages of the French revolution to his own country s conditions, which
not only led to the proclamation of the republic, but to a number of democratic
transformations within that state.
The last chapter, The spiritual contribution of South-Eastern Europe in the
modern epoch closes the book. It is: not a particularly extensive chapter, because
the respective question was in fact repeatedly alluded to along the whole work.
The author has not emphasized the Romanians contribution to the modern
culture and science, because the book being addressed to a Romanian reading
public, the latter know that quite well. The Romanian culture had a particular
opening towards the values of the world culture
-
linked, as it is, to the Occidental
Romance zone, as the famous Balkan expert Victor Papacostea noted (France,
Italy, Spain, Portugal, Central and-South America), but by the psychic,
geographical and historical conditions, they belong to the South-East, from Cape
Matapan to the northern Carpathians. This position between the two
Europés
-
Papacostea .concluded
-
offered a calm atmosphere and a climate suited for
objective dialogues implying the whole range of those peoples spiritual life.
Besides, the book has recorded the most important moments in the modern
history of the South-East-European states.
345
CUPRINS
Portretul unui balcanolog român
/ 13
Cap.
1.
Istoriografia problemei
/ 19
1.1.
Privire de ansamblu
(19); 1.2.
Istoriografia românească privind
balcanistica de la Dimitrie Cantemir până astăzi
(20); 1.3.
Balcanistica în
statele din sud-estul Europei. Principalele lucrări în domeniul
balcanologiei din restul statelor europene, S.
U.A.
şi Canada
(35)
Cap.
2.
Istoria sud-estului european până la sfârşitul secolului
al XVIII-lea. Confruntările dintre Imperiul Otoman şi Marile
Puteri pentru această zonă a Europei. Contribuţia românească
la procesul de emancipare
/ 47
Cap.
3.
De la răscoala sârbească din
1804
la revoluţia română de
sub conducerea lui
Tudor Vladimirescu
din
1821.
Ridicarea la
luptă naţională şi socială a poporului grec şi victoria Revoluţiei
(1821-1829).
Războiul ruso-turc din
1828-1829
şi importanţa
prevederilor Tratatului de la
Adrianopol
(1829)
pentru sud-estul
Europei
/ 67
3.1.
Cadrul general de la revoluţia burgheza din Franţa
(1789)
la revoluţia
sârbă
(1804) (67); 3.2.
Ţara Românească şi revoluţia sârbă
(1804-1815) (76);
3.3.
Revoluţia româna de sub conducerea lui
Tudor
Vladimirescu
(1821)
în
cadrul complex al sud-estului european. Poziţia Marilor Puteri faţă de
revoluţia greacă şi română
(81)
Cap.
4.
Sud-estul Europei de la independenţa Greciei
Ia anul revoluţionar
1848 / 107
Cap.
5.
Sud-estul Europei în perioada
1848-1875 / 123
5.1.
Cadrul general (Caracteristicile revoluţiei din
1848
din sud-estul
Europei. Idealuri şi acţiuni comune ale patrioţilor din ţările balcanice)
(123);
5.2.
Consecinţele războiului Crimeei asupra situaţiei din sud-estul Europei.
Clauzele Tratatului de pace de la Paris
(1856)
cu privire la sud-estul
Europei. Mişcarea unionistă românească, Unirea din
1859,
reformele lui
Alexandru
loan
Cuza şi influenţa lor asupra luptei de emancipare naţională
din Balcani
(135); 5.3.
Războiul muntenegreano-otoman
(1862);
recuperarea
insulelor Ionice de către guvernul grec
(1863);
insurecţia cretană
(1866);
evacuarea garnizoanelor otomane din Serbia
(1867);
Tratatul politic sârbo-
român
(1868);
obţinerea autocefaliei bisericii bulgare
(1870);
încercările de
modernizare a administraţiei otomane de către Midhat-Paşa
(143)
Cap.
6.
Sud-estul
Europei de la redeschiderea „problemei orientale
(1875),
până la adoptarea hotărârilor Congresului
de la Berlin
(1878) / 169
6.1.
Sud-estul Europei
-
obiectiv central al diplomaţiei europene, de la
răscoala din Bosnia şi Herţegovina
(1875)
până la declanşarea războiului
ruso-româno-turc (aprilie
1877) (170); 6.2.
Războiul: despre forţele armate
ale Imperiului Otoman, României, Serbiei, Muntenegrului şi ale
detaşamentelor de voluntari bulgari; principalele operaţiuni militare şi
contribuţia operativă a armatei române
(180); 6.3.
Tratatul de la
Sail
Stefano (1878).
Poziţia Marilor Puteri faţă de Rusia. Diplomaţiile română,
sârbă, muntenegreană şi greacă in acţiune. Hotărârile Congresului de la
Berlin
(1878).
Importanţa Tratatului pentru sud-estul Europei
(201)
Cap.
7.
Sud-estul Europei de la Congresul de la Berlin
(1878)
şi până la declanşarea Revoluţiei Turce
(1908) / 219
7.1.
De la Congresul de la Berlin până la răscoala din Rumelia Orientală
(1885) (220); 7.2.
Unirea Rumeliei Orientale cu Principatul Autonom
(1885)
-
eveniment progresist în viaţa poporului bulgar, războiul sârbo-bulgar
(1885).
Poziţia Marilor Puteri. Rolul de mediator al României şi încheierea
Păcii de la Bucureşti
(1886) (233); 7.3.
Războiul greco-otoman
(1897);
lovitura de stat din Serbia şi înlăturarea dinastiei
Obrenović
(1903).
Răscoala din Macedonia şi implicaţiile acesteia pe plan european. Iradeaua
sultanului privind acordarea de drepturi aromânilor din Imperiul Otoman
(1905).
Crearea Triplei înţelegeri
-
Anglia, Franţa, Rusia
(1907) -
şi
repercusiunile ei asupra Peninsulei Balcanice
(246)
Cap.
8.
Sud-estul Europei de la Revoluţia Turcă din
1908
şi până la declanşarea Primului Război Mondial
(1914) / 257
8.1.
Cadrul general
(257); 8.2.
Revoluţia turcă şi implicaţiile pe plan
european. Criza bosniacă şi proclamarea independenţei Bulgariei
(259);
8.3.
Diplomaţia celor două. blocuri imperialiste în atragerea de noi aderenţi,
mai ales din sfera sud-estului european
(1909-1912) (276); 8.4.
Războiul
italo-otoman
(1911-1912)
şi conjunctura europeană
(277); 8.5.
Cele două
războaie balcanice
(1912- 1913).
Diplomaţia sud-estului european şi Pacea de la
Bucureşti
(1913) (280); 8.6.
Orientarea Bulgariei şi a Imperiului Otoman spre
blocul Puterilor Centrale după Pacea de la Bucureşti
(1913).
Acordul secret
româno-sârbo-muntenegreano-grec (februarie
1914)
şi orientarea tot mai
vizibilă spre Antantă
(289)
10
Cap.
9.
Sud-estul
Europei în timpul Primului Război Mondial.
Conferinţa de Pace de la Paris. Constituirea Ligii Naţiunilor.
Discutarea problemei turce la conferinţa de la
Lausanne
(1922).
Victoria Revoluţiei kemaliste şi proclamarea Republicii Turcia
(1923)/295
9.1.
Istoriografia problemei. Cadrul general
(296); 9.2.
Desfăşurarea
războiului
(298); 9.3.
Conferinţa de pace de la Paris. Constituirea Ligii
Naţiunilor
(314); 9.4.
Victoria Revoluţiei kemaliste şi proclamarea Republicii
Turcia
(321)
Cap.
10.
Contribuţia spirituală a sud-estului european în epoca
modernă
/ 327
Postfaţă
/ 339
Suumary
/ 343
Bibliografie
(
conf. univ. dr. Stoica Lascu)
/ 347
11
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Ciachir, Nicolae |
| author_facet | Ciachir, Nicolae |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Ciachir, Nicolae |
| author_variant | n c nc |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV039993208 |
| classification_rvk | IX 1060 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)785862403 (DE-599)BVBBV039993208 |
| discipline | Romanistik |
| edition | Ed. 3., rev. |
| era | Geschichte 1789-1923 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1789-1923 |
| format | Thesis Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Hochschulschrift |
| geographic | Balkanhalbinsel (DE-588)4004334-4 gnd Südosteuropa (DE-588)4058449-5 gnd Rumänien (DE-588)4050939-4 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Balkanhalbinsel Südosteuropa Rumänien |
| id | DE-604.BV039993208 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:15:48Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9786065370869 |
| language | Romanian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-024850293 |
| oclc_num | 785862403 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 397 S. |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publishDateSearch | 2011 |
| publishDateSort | 2011 |
| publisher | Ed. Cetatea de Scaun |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Ciachir, Nicolae Verfasser aut Istoria popoarelor din sud-estul Europei în epoca modernă (1789 - 1923) Nicolae Ciachir Ed. 3., rev. Târgovişte Ed. Cetatea de Scaun 2011 397 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Geschichte 1789-1923 gnd rswk-swf Balkanhalbinsel (DE-588)4004334-4 gnd rswk-swf Südosteuropa (DE-588)4058449-5 gnd rswk-swf Rumänien (DE-588)4050939-4 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Balkanhalbinsel (DE-588)4004334-4 g Geschichte 1789-1923 z DE-604 Südosteuropa (DE-588)4058449-5 g Rumänien (DE-588)4050939-4 g 1\p DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024850293&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024850293&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Ciachir, Nicolae Istoria popoarelor din sud-estul Europei în epoca modernă (1789 - 1923) |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4004334-4 (DE-588)4058449-5 (DE-588)4050939-4 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | Istoria popoarelor din sud-estul Europei în epoca modernă (1789 - 1923) |
| title_auth | Istoria popoarelor din sud-estul Europei în epoca modernă (1789 - 1923) |
| title_exact_search | Istoria popoarelor din sud-estul Europei în epoca modernă (1789 - 1923) |
| title_full | Istoria popoarelor din sud-estul Europei în epoca modernă (1789 - 1923) Nicolae Ciachir |
| title_fullStr | Istoria popoarelor din sud-estul Europei în epoca modernă (1789 - 1923) Nicolae Ciachir |
| title_full_unstemmed | Istoria popoarelor din sud-estul Europei în epoca modernă (1789 - 1923) Nicolae Ciachir |
| title_short | Istoria popoarelor din sud-estul Europei în epoca modernă |
| title_sort | istoria popoarelor din sud estul europei in epoca moderna 1789 1923 |
| title_sub | (1789 - 1923) |
| topic_facet | Balkanhalbinsel Südosteuropa Rumänien Hochschulschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024850293&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024850293&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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