A grammar of Warrongo
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De Gruyter Mouton
2011
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| 020 | |a 9783110238761 |c Gb. : EUR 149.95 (DE) (freier Pr.), EUR 154.20 (AT) (freier Pr.) |9 978-3-11-023876-1 | ||
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| 100 | 1 | |a Tsunoda, Tasaku |d 1946- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1153933861 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a A grammar of Warrongo |c by Tasaku Tsunoda |
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin |b De Gruyter Mouton |c 2011 | |
| 300 | |a 751 S. |c 240 mm x 170 mm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Mouton grammar library |v 53 | |
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IMAGE 1
CONTENTS
PREFACE V
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS VII
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES XIX
LIST OF MAPS AND PHOTOS XXI
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS XXII
CHAPTER 1: THE LANGUAGE AND ITS SPEAKERS 1
1.1. LINGUISTIC TYPE 1
1.2. NAMES OF THE LANGUAGE AND PEOPLE 2
1.3. DIALECTS 3
1.4. TERRITORY AND NEIGHBOURING LANGUAGES 4
1.4.1. TERRITORY 4
1.4.2. NEIGHBOURING LANGUAGES AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION 6
1.4.2.1. PROPOSED CLASSIFICATIONS 6
1.4.2.2. STUDIES ON THE NEIGHBOURING LANGUAGES 6
1.4.2.3. WARRONGO, GUGU-BADHUN AND GUJAL AS A LINGUISTIC UNITY 8
1.4.2.4. PROBLEMS WITH THE PROPOSED CLASSIFICATIONS 10
1.5. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-CULTURAL BACKGROUND 14
1.5.1. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING 14
1.5.2. ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL ACCOUNTS 15
1.5.3. MYTHOLOGY 15
1.5.4. NAMES OF GROUPS, INDIVIDUALS, AND PLACES 19
1.5.4.1. NAMES OF GROUPS 19
1.5.4.2. NAMES OF INDIVIDUALS 21
1.5.4.3. NAMES OF PLACES 22
1.5.5. SECTIONS AND TOTEMS 25
1.5.6. MARRIAGE RULES 27
1.5.7. KINSHIP SYSTEM 28
1.5.8. OTHER TOPICS 32
1.6. SPECIAL STYLES OF SPEECH AND SONGS 33
1.6.1. JALNGOY: THE AVOIDANCE STYLE OF SPEECH 33
1.6.2. SONGS 34
1.6.3. CURSES AND EXPRESSIONS FOR ABUSE 37
1.7. POST-CONTACT HISTORY 38
1.8. STUDIES ON THE WARRONGO LANGUAGE 40
1.8.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES 40
1.8.2. EARLY STUDIES ON WARRONGO 40
1.8.3. MODERN STUDIES ON WARRONGO 41
BIBLIOGRAFISCHE INFORMATIONEN HTTP://D-NB.INFO/1014558638
DIGITALISIERT DURCH
IMAGE 2
X CONTENTS
1.8.4. SPEAKERS INTERVIEWED FOR THE PRESENT STUDY 43
1.8.4.1. ALF PALMER (WARRONGO NAME: JINBILNGGAY) 43
1.8.4.2. ALEC COLLINS (WARRONGO NAME: WOLNGARRA) 47
1.8.4.3. OTHER SPEAKERS 48
1.9. PRESENT-DAY SITUATION 51
CHAPTER 2: PHONOLOGY 53
2.1. PHONEMES AND THEIR REALIZATIONS 53
2.1.1. PHONEME INVENTORY 53
2.1.2. MINIMAL PAIRS/SETS 55
2.1.3. ALLOPHONES OF CONSONANTS AND SEMIVOWELS 59
2.1.3.1. NASALS, RHOTICS, LATERAL, AND SEMIVOWELS 59
2.1.3.2. STOPS 60
2.1.3.2.1. STOP VOICING (1): IN TERMS OF PLACES OF ARTICULATION 60
2.1.3.2.2. STOP VOICING (2): IN THE WORD-INITIAL POSITION 61
2.1.3.2.3. STOP VOICING (3): IN THE SECOND SYLLABLE 65
2.1.3.2.4. STOP VOICING (4): EFFECT OF C2 NASAL ON CL STOP 67
2.1.3.2.5. STOP VOICING (5): EFFECT OF VI ON CL STOP, AND OF V2 ON C2
STOP 68 2.1.3.2.6. STOP VOICING (6): IN CONSONANT CLUSTERS 71
2.1.3.2.7. STOP VOICING (7): CONCLUDING REMARKS 74
2.1.4. ALLOPHONES OF VOWELS 75
.4.1. /A/ 75
.4.2. LUI 76
.4.3. I'LL 76
.4.4. /I/AND/U/ 80
.5. PROBLEMS WITH 1)1 AND /W/ 84
.5.1. 1)1 84
.5.1.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES 84
.5.1.2. ALLOPHONES OF/JI/ 84
.5.1.3. ALLOPHONES OF/J/ THAT IS NOT FOLLOWED BY A VOWEL 88
2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
2. 2.1.5.2. /W/ 92
2.2. PHONOTACTICS 94
2.2.1. STRUCTURE OF WORDS 94
2.2.2. CHARACTERIZATION OF ENCLITICS 95
2.2.3. SYLLABLE STRUCTURE OF ROOTS, SUFFIXES, ENCLITICS, AND WORDS 97
2.2.3.1. SYLLABLE STRUCTURE OF ROOTS 97
2.2.3.2. SYLLABLE STRUCTURE OF SUFFIXES AND ENCLITICS 99
2.2.3.3. SYLLABLE STRUCTURE OF WORDS 100
2.2.4. SYLLABLE TYPES IN ROOTS, SUFFIXES, ENCLITICS, AND WORDS 101
2.2.5. DISTRIBUTION OF CONSONANTS AND SEMIVOWELS 105
2.2.5.1. CONSONANTS AND SEMIVOWELS IN ROOTS 105
2.2.5.2. CONSONANTS AND SEMIVOWELS IN SUFFIXES 107
2.2.5.3. CONSONANTS AND SEMIVOWELS IN ENCLITICS 108
IMAGE 3
CONTENTS XI
2.2.5.4. CONSONANTS AND SEMIVOWELS IN WORDS 108
2.2.6. CONSONANT CLUSTERS 108
2.2.6.1. INTRA-ROOT CONSONANT CLUSTERS 108
2.2.6.2. INTER-MORPHEMIC CONSONANT CLUSTERS 112
2.2.6.3. COMPARISON AND ANALYSIS OF INTRA-ROOT AND INTER-MORPHEMIC
CONSONANT CLUSTERS 114
2.2.7. SYLLABLES: ONSET AND CODA 119
2.3. STATISTICS 121
2.3.1. STATISTICS (1): DICTIONARY COUNT 121
2.3.2. STATISTICS (2): TEXT COUNT 123
2.4. ALTERNATION BETWEEN PHONEMES 124
2.5. NATURAL CLASSES 128
2.6. 'PHONOLOGICAL PROCESSES' 130
2.7. STRESS 133
2.8. PITCH 141
2.9. CONNECTED SPEECH 142
2.9.1. INTONATION 142
2.9.2. OTHER PHENOMENA 145
2.10. CAREFUL SPEECH 147
2.10.1. DELETION OF A PHONEME 147
2.10.2. ISOLATION OF SUFFIXES 149
2.11. WOMEN'S PRONUNCIATION (?) 150
2.12. IDEOPHONES 151
2.13. ADAPTATION OF FOREIGN WORDS 152
2.13.1. WORDS FROM OTHER AUSTRALIAN LANGUAGES 152
2.13.2. WORDS FROMENGLISH 152
2.14. PRACTICAL ORTHOGRAPHY 155
CHAPTER 3: WORD CLASSES AND MORPHOLOGY 156
3.1. WORD CLASSES 156
3.1.1. OUTLINE OF WORD CLASSES 156
3.1.2. ADDITIONAL COMMENTS ON INDIVIDUAL WORD CLASSES 157
3.2. NOUN MORPHOLOGY (1): CASE INFLECTION 164
3.2.1. CASE INFLECTION OF NOUNS AND THREE DEMONSTRATIVE WORDS 164
3.2.1.1. REGULAR NOUNS 165
3.2.1.2. VOWEL-FINAL PROPER AND KIN NOUNS 169
3.2.1.3. IRREGULAR NOUNS 171
3.2.1.4. NGANI 'WHAT', YARRO 'THIS, HERE', NGONA 'THAT, THERE', AND
NGONI 'THERE, THAT' 173
3.3. PRONOUN MORPHOLOGY 174
3.4. ADVERB MORPHOLOGY (1): CASE INFLECTION 176
3.4.1. TYPES OF ADVERBS 176
3.4.2. WANYJA 'WHERE' 177
IMAGE 4
XII CONTENTS
3.4.3. COMPARISON OF ADVERBS AND NOUNS: CASE INFLECTION 178
3.5. NOTES ON CASE INFLECTION 183
3.5.1. SILVERSTEIN'S NP HIERARCHY 183
3.5.2. GENITIVE, COMITATIVE AND ABLATIVE CASES 184
3.5.3. NOUNS WITH NO CASE INFLECTION (?) 184
3.6. MEANINGS AND FUNCTIONS OF CASES 185
3.6.1. NOMINATIVE CASE 185
3.6.2. ERGATIVE AND ACCUSATIVE CASES 187
3.6.3. LOCATIVE CASE 190
3.6.4. DATIVE CASE 195
3.6.5. GENITIVE CASE 201
3.6.6. ABLATIVE-2 CASE 205
3.6.7. ABLATIVE-1 CASE 205
3.6.8. COMITATIVE CASE 210
3.7. NOUN MORPHOLOGY (2): DERIVATION 222
3.7.1. NOUN-STEM-FORMING SUFFIXES 222
3.7.2. REDUPLICATION 238
3.7.3. COMPOUNDING 241
3.8. ADVERB MORPHOLOGY (2): DERIVATION 245
3.8.1. ADVERB-STEM-FORMING SUFFIXES 245
3.8.2. REDUPLICATION 251
3.8.3. COMPOUNDING 252
3.9. VERB MORPHOLOGY (1): INTRODUCTION AND INFLECTION 253
3.9.1. VERB ROOTS AND TRANSITIVITY 253
3.9.2. VERBALIZATION, INTERROGATIVE VERBS, AND DEMONSTRATIVE VERBS 254
3.9.3. CONJUGATIONAL CLASSES 255
3.9.4. VERBAL PARADIGMS 259
3.9.4.1. VERBAL PARADIGM (1): L-CLASS, Y-CLASS AND ZERO-CLASS 259
3.9.4.2. VERBAL PARADIGM (2): DERIVED STEMS 264
3.10. MEANINGS AND FUNCTIONS OF CONJUGATIONAL CATEGORIES 266 3.10.1.
PAST 266
3.10.2. NONFUTURE-1 267
3.10.3. NONFUTURE-2 271
3.10.4. NONFUTURE-3 274
3.10.5. FUTURE 276
3.10.6. COMPARATIVE NOTES ON TENSES: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE 277
3.10.7. STATIVE 277
3.10.8. GENERAL IMPERATIVES 278
3.10.9. AFFIRMATIVE IMPERATIVE 284
3.10.10. NEGATIVE IMPERATIVE 285
3.10.11. APPREHENSIONAL 286
3.10.12. FOUR PURPOSIVES 288
3.10.13. PURPOSIVE-1 AND PURPOSIVE-2 291
IMAGE 5
CONTENTS XIII
3.10.14. PURPOSIVE-3 296
3.10.15. PURPOSIVE-4 296
3.11. VERB MORPHOLOGY (2): DERIVATION 298
3.11.1. VERB-STEM-FORMING SUFFIXES 298
3.11.1.1. -RRA-(Y)-MBI-L '(SONG STYLE ?)' 298
3.11.1.2. -NDA-Y 'REPEATEDLY', 'PLURAL ACTORS' 300
3.11.1.3. -YA-L 'ALL', 'ALL THE TIME' 301
3.11.1.4. -RV-L 'PLURAL' ('ALL', 'MANY') 301
3.11.1.5. -YI-? 'FUTURE' 303
3.11.1.6. -/AND-/ 304
3.11.1.7. -ARAND-I 311
3.11.2. REDUPLICATION OF VERB ROOTS 315
3.11.3. COMPOUNDING 316
CHAPTER 4: SYNTAX 318
4.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES 318
4.2. TYPES OF SENTENCES 318
4.2.1. SENTENCE TYPES (1): DECLARATIVE, IMPERATIVE, INTERROGATIVE, AND
EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES 318
4.2.1.1. IMPERATIVE SENTENCES 318
4.2.1.2. INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES 320
4.2.1.3. EXCLAMATORY AND DECLARATIVE SENTENCES 324
4.2.2. SENTENCE TYPES (2): AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE SENTENCES 324 4.2.3.
SENTENCE TYPES (3): SIMPLE AND COMPLEX SENTENCES 324
4.3. TYPES OF CLAUSES 325
4.3.1. CLAUSE TYPES (1): INTRANSITIVE AND TRANSITIVE CLAUSES 325
4.3.2. CLAUSE TYPES (2): BASIC AND DERIVED CLAUSES 326
4.3.3. CLAUSE TYPES (3): IN TERMS OF VALENCY 326
4.3.3.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES 326
4.3.3.2. THREE-PLACE CLAUSES 327
4.3.3.3. TWO-PLACE CLAUSES 336
4.3.3.4. ONE-PLACE CLAUSES 337
4.4. CONSTITUENTS OF CLAUSES 338
4.5. TYPES OF PHRASES 340
4.5.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES 340
4.5.2. NOUN PHRASES 341
4.5.2.1. NON-CONFIGURATIONAL NPS 342
4.5.2.1.1. CONSTITUENTS OF NON-CONFIGURATIONAL NPS 342
4.5.2.1.2. TYPES OF NON-CONFIGURATIONAL NPS 342
4.5.2.1.3. ORDER OF THE CONSTITUENTS OF NON-CONFIGURATIONAL NPS 347
4.5.2.1.4. ADDITIONAL REMARKS ON NON-CONFIGURATIONAL NPS 351 4.5.2.2.
CONFIGURATIONAL NPS 352
4.5.2.2.1. GENITIVE IN NPS 353
IMAGE 6
XIV CONTENTS
4.5.2.2.2. 'ONE'S CAMP' (1) 354
4.5.2.2.3. 'ONE'S CAMP' (2) 355
4.5.2.2.4. 'ONE'S OWN CAMP' 358
4.5.2.2.5. 'ONE'S/THIS CAMP' 361
4.5.2.2.6. 'HIS/HER FATHER' 361
4.5.2.2.7. ADDITIONAL EXAMPLES 363
4.5.2.2.8. DISCUSSION AND SUMMARY OF CONFIGURATIONAL NPS 364 4.5.3.
ADVERB PHRASES 365
4.5.4. VERB PHRASES 366
4.5.4.1. VERB PHRASES CONSISTING OF TWO VERBS 367
4.5.4.2. VERB PHRASES CONSISTING OF A VERB AND A NOUN OR ADVERB 370 4.6.
ORDER OF CONSTITUENTS 372
4.6.1. CONSTITUENT ORDER IN WORDS 372
4.6.2. CONSTITUENT ORDER IN PHRASES 374
4.6.3. CONSTITUENT ORDER IN CLAUSES 374
4.6.3.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES 374
4.6.3.2. CONSTITUENT ORDER IN THOSE INDEPENDENT CLAUSES AND MAIN CLAUSES
WHICH ARE USED AS AFFIRMATIVE DECLARATIVE SENTENCES 375 4.6.3.3.
CONSTITUENT ORDER IN THOSE INDEPENDENT CLAUSES AND MAIN CLAUSES WHICH
ARE USED AS IMPERATIVE SENTENCES 380
4.6.4. CONSTITUENT ORDER IN SENTENCES 382
4.7. VERB FORMATION: -BI-L 'INTR', -NGA-L 'TR', AND -(M)BA-L ' T R ' . .
. 383 4.7.1. INTRANSITIVE-STEM-FORMING SUFFIX -BI-L 'BE, BECOME'
(STATE, CHANGE/INCHOATION) 384
4.7.2. TRANSITIVE-STEM-FORMING SUFFIX -NGA-L 'MAKE', ETC. (CAUSATION,
CREATION, ETC.) 391
4.7.3. TRANSITIVE-STEM-FORMING SUFFIX -(M)BA-L 408
4.8. COMPLEX SENTENCES INVOLVING PURPOSIVE SUBORDINATION 412 4.8.1.
INTRODUCTORY NOTES 412
4.8.2. COMBINATION OF CLAUSES 413
4.8.3. COREFERENCE AND SYNTACTIC ERGATIVITY 414
4.8.4. COREFERENTIAL DELETION IN PURPOSIVE SUBORDINATION 415
4.8.5. MORE ON PURPOSIVE SUBORDINATION 422
4.9. ANTIPASSIVE CONSTRUCTION 427
4.9.1. CASE FRAMES AND VERBAL MORPHOLOGY 427
4.9.2. TRANSITIVITY 430
4.9.3. COREFERENCE: ANTIPASSIVES AND SYNTACTIC ERGATIVITY 431
4.9.4. PURPOSIVE SUBORDINATION 432
4.9.4.1. PURPOSIVE SUBORDINATION WITHOUT AN ANTIPASSIVE 432
4.9.4.2. PURPOSIVE SUBORDINATION WITH AN ANTIPASSIVE 433
4.9.5. COORDINATION AND SENTENCE-SEQUENCE 438
4.9.6. SUMMARY OF COREFERENCE 443
IMAGE 7
CONTENTS XV
4.9.6.1. COMPARISON OF PURPOSIVE SUBORDINATION, COORDINATION, AND
SENTENCE-SEQUENCE 443
4.9.6.2. CROSSLINGUISTIC COMPARISON OF SYNTACTIC ERGATIVITY 445 4.9.7.
MORE ON ANTIPASSIVES IN PURPOSIVE SUBORDINATION 445
4.9.8. BEHAVIOUR OF PRONOUNS 452
4.9.8.1. VOICE DISTINCTION 452
4.9.8.2. COREFERENTIAL DELETION AND RETENTION 453
4.9.8.2.1. PERFORMANCE ERRORS 453
4.9.8.2.2. DELETION AND RETENTION 455
4.9.9. CASE FRAMES AND SEMANTICS 459
4.9.9.1. SEMANTIC TYPES OF ANTIPASSIVE VERBS 459
4.9.9.2. CASE OF THE UNDERGOER NP 464
4.9.9.2.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES 464
4.9.9.2.2. ANIMACY OF THE UNDERGOER IN TERMS OF SILVERSTEIN'S NP
HIERARCHY. 464 4.9.9.2.3. AFFECTEDNESS OF THE UNDERGOER IN TERMS OF
VERB SEMANTICS 467 4.9.9.2.4. AFFECTEDNESS OF THE UNDERGOER OF ACTION
ANTIPASSIVES IN TERMS OF THE CONJUGATIONAL CATEGORY 469
4.9.9.3. PERCEPTION AND KNOWLEDGE ANTIPASSIVES 476
4.9.9.3.1. SEMANTICS AND CASE OF THE UNDERGOER NP 476
4.9.9.3.2. NYAGA-L AND NYAGA-GALI-ZERO 'SEE, LOOK AT, ETC' 478
4.9.9.3.3. NYAGA~NYAGA-L 'LOOK AT, LOOK AFTER, MIND, WATCH OUT' AND
NYAGA~NYAGA-GALI-ZERO 'LOOK AT, WATCH OUT' 479
4.9.9.3.4. JAYMBA-L 'FIND' ANDJAYMBA-GALI-ZERO 'FIND, SEARCH FOR' 480
4.9.9.3.5. NGAWA-L AND NGAWA-GALI-ZERO 'HEAR, LISTEN TO' AND
'UNDERSTAND'. 481 4.9.9.3.6. ADDITIONAL OBSERVATIONS ON PERCEPTION AND
KNOWLEDGE ANTIPASSIVES 483 4.9.9.4. NOM-GEN AND NOM-ACC FOR ANTIPASSIVES
483
4.9.9.5. CASE FRAMES OF THREE-PLACE ANTIPASSIVES 485
4.9.9.6. CASE OF NPS FOR INSTRUMENT, LOCATION, AND DESTINATION 491
4.9.9.6.1. CASE OF NPS FOR INSTRUMENT 491
4.9.9.6.2. CASE OF NPS FOR LOCATION 496
4.9.9.6.3. CASE OFNPS FOR DESTINATION 497
4.9.9.6.4. CASE OF NPS: DISCUSSION 497
4.9.10. ASPECTUAL AND MODAL MEANINGS 498
4.9.11. PRAGMATICS AND DISCOURSE 502
4.9.11.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES 502
4.9.11.2. CONTINUOUS MENTIONS OF REFERENTS 502
4.9.11.3. FOCUS 505
4.10. SUBORDINATION WITH THE ENCLITIC =NGOMAY 'AFTER, IF, BECAUSE' 506
4.10.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES 506
4.10.2. INVOLVING AN INTRANSITIVE VERB OR AN ADJECTIVE-LIKE NOUN 507
4.10.3. INVOLVING AN ANTIPASSIVE VERB 509
4.10.4. INVOLVING A TRANSITIVE VERB 512
4.10.5. DISCUSSION 513
IMAGE 8
XVI CONTENTS
4.11. REFLEXIVE AND MIDDLE CONSTRUCTIONS 515
4.11.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES 515
4.11.2. YT-GALI-ZERO 'REFLEXIVE' (AP) 516
4.11.2.1. VT-GALI-ZERO 'TRUE REFLEXIVE' (A&O : D-S) (AP) 516
4M.2.2. VT-GALI-ZERO 'ANTICAUSATIVE' (O : D-S) (AP) 523
4.11.3. VT-//-ZERO 'REFLEXIVE' (AP, AC) 524
4.11.3.1. VT-//-ZERO 'TRUE REFLEXIVE' (A&O : D-S) (AP, AC) 525 4.11.3.2.
VT-ZF-ZERO 'ANTICAUSATIVE' (O : D-S) (AP, AC) 530
4.11.4. VI-GA/I-ZERO AND NOUN-GA/F-ZERO 'MIDDLE' (AP) 533 4.11.5.
VI-//-ZERO, VI-/-VI-//-ZERO, NOUN-//-ZERO AND ADVERB-/I-ZERO 'MIDDLE'
(AP) 535
4.12. RECIPROCAL CONSTRUCTION 537
4.12.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES 537
4.12.2. RECIPROCAL VERBS 538
4.12.3. SYNTAX 540
4.12.4. SEMANTICS 546
4.12.4.1. COMPLETELY COREFERENTIAL AND PARTLY COREFERENTIAL 547
4.12.4.2. SIMULTANEOUS AND ALTERNATE 548
4.12.5. LEXICALIZATION 550
4.12.5.1. RECIPROCALS WITH A SINGULAR D-S 550
4.12.5.2. HIGHER FREQUENCY OF RECIPROCAL VERBS 554
4.12.5.3. IDIOM-LIKE EXPRESSIONS 554
4.12.6. NON-RECIPROCAL USES 555
4.12.6.1. SOCIATIVE 'TOGETHER' 555
4.12.6.2. PARTICIPATING IN A GROUP ACTION 556
4.12.6.3. REFLEXIVE 557
4.12.6.4. ANTICAUSATIVE 558
4.12.7. EXPRESSIONS OF THE D-S AND THE S 559
4.12.8. MORE ON THE SEMANTICS OF RECIPROCALS 559
4.12.9. MORE ON THE FORMATION OF RECIPROCAL VERBS 560
4.12.9.1. MORPHOLOGICAL RESTRICTIONS 560
4.12.9.2. RECIPROCAL VERB BASED ON A NOUN 561
4.12.9.3. ETYMOLOGY 561
4.13. ITERATIVE CONSTRUCTION 562
4.13.1. ITERATIVE VERBS 562
4.13.2. SYNTAX 566
4.13.2.1. INTRANSITIVE-GAMZ-Y 566
4.13.2.2. TRANSITIVE-GAMJ-7 567
4.13.3. SEMANTICS 570
4.13.3.1. ASPECTUAL MEANINGS: THE IMPERFECTIVE 570
4.13.3.2. OBLIGATORY VS. NON-OBLIGATORY USE OF -GARRA-Y 573
4.13.4. MORE ON THE FORMATION OF ITERATIVE VERBS 575
4.13.4.1. ITERATIVE VERBS BASED ON AN ADVERB AND A NOUN 575
IMAGE 9
CONTENTS XVII
4.13.4.2. -N-GARRA-N 575
4.14. APPLICATIVE CONSTRUCTION 576
4.14.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES 576
4.14.2. VERBAL LOCATIVE CONSTRUCTION: VI-RI-L 576
4.14.2.1. LOCATIVE VERBS 576
4.14.2.2. CASE FRAMES 578
4.14.2.3. TRANSITIVITY 581
4.14.2.4. USE 581
4.14.2.4.1. FREQUENCY 581
4.14.2.4.2. USE IN PURPOSIVE SUBORDINATION: SYNTACTIC ERGATIVITY 581
4.14.2.4.3. LEXICALIZED LOCATIVE VERBS 583
4.14.2.4.4. 'ADJECTIVE TO VERB' CONSTRUCTION 584
4.14.2.4.5. WORD ORDER: TOPIC (?) 584
4.14.2.5. LOCATIVE VERBS WITH THE CAUSATIVE MEANING 585
4.14.3. VERBAL INSTRUMENTAL CONSTRUCTION: VT-N-L 586
4.14.3.1. INSTRUMENTAL VERBS 586
4.14.3.2. CASE FRAMES AND VALENCY 588
4.14.3.3. USE 590
4.14.3.3.1. SYNTACTIC POSSIBILITIES 590
4.14.3.3.2. USE IN PURPOSIVE SUBORDINATION: SYNTACTIC ERGATIVITY 595
4.14.3.3.3. LEXICALIZED INSTRUMENTAL VERBS 597
4.14.3.3.4. 'X IS FOR VERBING WITH' CONSTRUCTION 597
4.14.3.4. MORE ON THE MORPHOLOGY 598
4.14.3.5. RESTRICTIONS (?) ON THE USE OF INSTRUMENTAL VERBS 598
4.14.3.5.1. INFLECTIONAL SUFFIXES 598
4.14.3.5.2. PRONOUNS FOR THE DAT 600
4.14.4. RESTRICTIONS ON THE USE OF APPLICATIVE VERBS 600
4.14.4.1. DERIVATIONAL SUFFIXES 600
4.14.4.2. ANIMACY OF THE A NP 601
4.14.4.3. MEANING OF THE 'BASIC' NP 601
4.15. PARTICIPIAL SUBORDINATION 602
4.15.1. PARTICIPLE-1 -NYO 602
4.15.1.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES 602
4.15.1.2. PARTICIPLE-1 USED IN A SUBORDINATE CLAUSE 604
4.15.1.3. PARTICIPLE-1 USED IN A SIMPLE SENTENCE 607
4.15.2. PARTICIPLE-2 -NJI 608
4.15.2.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES 608
4.15.2.2. PARTICIPLE-2 USED IN A SUBORDINATE CLAUSE 609
4.15.2.3. PARTICIPLE-2 USED IN A SIMPLE SENTENCE 611
4.15.2.4. PARTICIPLE-2 USED IN SONGS 611
4.15.3. PARTICIPLE-3 -NJIRRA 612
4.16. RELATIVE CLAUSE 613
4.17. APPREHENSIONAL CONSTRUCTION 'LEST. SHOULD' 614
IMAGE 10
XVIII CONTENTS
4.17.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES 614
4.17.2. COMPARISON OF APPREHENSIONAL CONSTRUCTION AND PURPOSIVE
SUBORDINATION 617
4.18. SUBORDINATION WITHOUT ANY MORPHOSYNTACTIC MARKER 618 4.18.1.
EMOTION (1): 'X IS AFRAID THAT.' 619
4.18.2. EMOTION (2): 'X IS GLAD THAT.' 621
4.18.3. KNOWLEDGE: 'X KNOWS THAT.' 622
4.18.4. PERCEPTION: 'X SEES/HEARS Y DOING .' 622
4.18.5. SPEECH ACTIVITY: 'X TELLS/ASKS .' 623
4.18.6. CONDITION 'IF AND FUTURE TIME 'WHEN, WHILE' 629
4.18.6.1. WITH A SUBORDINATE CLAUSE CONTAINING A VERB 629
4.18.6.2. WITH A SUBORDINATE CLAUSE CONTAINING NO VERB 633
4.19. 'AND', 'BUT' AND 'FOR' 634
4.20. EXPRESSION OF POSSESSION AND EXISTENCE 636
4.20.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES 636
4.20.2. POSSESSION CLINE 636
4.20.3. GENITIVE CASE 637
4.20.4. DATIVE, ABLATIVE-1, AND COMITATIVE CASES 642
4.20.5. APPOSITION OF POSSESSOR/WHOLE AND POSSESSEE/PART 644 4.20.5.1.
INTRODUCTORY NOTES 644
4.20.5.2. APPOSITION (1): ACCUSATIVE, ERGATIVE, DATIVE, LOCATIVE, AND
ABLATIVE-1 CASES 645
4.20.5.3. APPOSITION (2): NOMINATIVE 650
4.20.5.4. APPOSITION (3): DISCUSSION 657
4.20.6. X Y NYAWA 'NEG': 'X HAS NO Y\ 'THERE IS NO Y IN X' 658
4.20.7. SUBORDINATION INVOLVING A BODY PART NOUN 661
4.20.8. TRANSITIVE VERB GANYJI-L 'CARRY' 664
4.21. NGANI 'WHATSISNAME' 665
4.22. SENTENCE-TOPIC WORD 669
4.23. YAMANYON 'SIMILAR, LIKE': WORD AND ENCLITIC (?) 671
4.24. ADVERBS OF MODALITY AND THE LIKE 673
4.25. ENCLITICS 682
4.26. INTERJECTIONS 698
TEXTS 700
TEXT 1: AN EXCERPT FROM TAPE 72/26 700
TEXT 2: AN EXCERPT FROM TAPE 72/28 713
TEXT 3: AN EXCERPT FROM TAPE 72/23 719
REFERENCES 723
INDEX OF SUBJECTS 736
INDEX OF LANGUAGES 746
INDEX OF NAMES 748 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Tsunoda, Tasaku 1946- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1153933861 |
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| author_variant | t t tt |
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| dewey-full | 499/.15 |
| dewey-hundreds | 400 - Language |
| dewey-ones | 499 - Austronesian & other languages |
| dewey-raw | 499/.15 |
| dewey-search | 499/.15 |
| dewey-sort | 3499 215 |
| dewey-tens | 490 - Other languages |
| discipline | Sprachwissenschaft Außereuropäische Sprachen und Literaturen Literaturwissenschaft |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV039822751 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-21T00:21:36Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783110238761 9783110238778 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-024682846 |
| oclc_num | 747314112 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | 751 S. 240 mm x 170 mm |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publishDateSearch | 2011 |
| publishDateSort | 2011 |
| publisher | De Gruyter Mouton |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Mouton grammar library |
| series2 | Mouton grammar library |
| spelling | Tsunoda, Tasaku 1946- Verfasser (DE-588)1153933861 aut A grammar of Warrongo by Tasaku Tsunoda Berlin De Gruyter Mouton 2011 751 S. 240 mm x 170 mm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Mouton grammar library 53 Warungu (DE-588)7853596-7 gnd rswk-swf Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd rswk-swf Warungu (DE-588)7853596-7 s Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 s DE-604 Mouton grammar library 53 (DE-604)BV000018422 53 X:MVB text/html http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3871242&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm Inhaltstext DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024682846&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024682846&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Tsunoda, Tasaku 1946- A grammar of Warrongo Mouton grammar library Warungu (DE-588)7853596-7 gnd Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)7853596-7 (DE-588)4021806-5 |
| title | A grammar of Warrongo |
| title_auth | A grammar of Warrongo |
| title_exact_search | A grammar of Warrongo |
| title_full | A grammar of Warrongo by Tasaku Tsunoda |
| title_fullStr | A grammar of Warrongo by Tasaku Tsunoda |
| title_full_unstemmed | A grammar of Warrongo by Tasaku Tsunoda |
| title_short | A grammar of Warrongo |
| title_sort | a grammar of warrongo |
| topic | Warungu (DE-588)7853596-7 gnd Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Warungu Grammatik |
| url | http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3871242&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024682846&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024682846&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV000018422 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tsunodatasaku agrammarofwarrongo |