Zygmunt Heryng (1854 - 1931) biografia lewicowego intelektualisty
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2011
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Marta Sikorska-Kowalska
Zygmunt Heryng (1854-1931)
Biografia lewicowego intelektualisty
Łódź 2011
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Spis treści
Wstęp 3
Rozdział I „Przebieg życia Zygmunta Herynga (1854-1931) 13
1 Rodzina, młodość, edukacja 13
2 Z socjalistami 27
3 W redakcji „Głosu 48
4 Udział w rewolucji 1905-1907 i działalność krakowska 54
5 U progu niepodległości i w II Rzeczpospolitej 65
Rozdział II Działacz społeczny i oświatowy 69
1 W uniwersytecie i na trybunie 69
2 „Encyklopedia Ludowa i Uniwersytet Ludowy 83
Rozdział III Wokół „Logiki ekonomii 107
1 Wśród mechanicystów 107
2 O czym mówi „Logika ekonomii 109
3 Pierwsze reakcje na „Logikę ekonomii 123
4JK Potockiego „świadomość społeczna jako współobjaw energii społecznej 138
5 Recepcja „Logiki ekonomii w I połowie XX w 146
6 Współcześni ekonomiści o „Logice ekonomii 150
Rozdział IV Teoria i praktyka ekonomii 157
1 Ekonomiczny debiut 158
2 Ekonomia w „Głosie 160
3 Ekonomiczne projekty reform 169
4 Założenia pożyczki amerykańskiej 198
Rozdział V Obszary poszukiwań naukowych Zygmunta Herynga 219
1 Socjologia i historia 220
2 Filozofia 231
3 Religioznawstwo 244
Rozdział VI Rosja, rewolucja, marksizm 259
1 Poznawanie Rosji 260
2 Teoria i praktyka rewolucji 274
3 Lekcja marksizmu 303
Zakończenie 329
Bibliografia 333
Summary 3-5J
Indeks osobowy 353
Ilustracje 365
Od Redakcji 367
Summary
The biography of
Zygmunt Heryng
is an attempt at showing political as well as scientific
activity of one of the first polish socialists.
Zygmunt
Heryng is known as an adherent, promoter
and activist of socialism but first of all he should be seen as the scientist educated in extremely
difficult circumstances. He was an economist, sociologist, philosopher, a man of his times trying
to grasp different domains of knowledge, to discover new areas and, to have an influence on
others. A good representative of the generation of insubordinates, a teacher and an authority for
many young people.
Zygmunt
Heryng
(1854-1931)
was bom in Jewish merchant family in Warsaw, he finished
the 2n gimnasium for men and continued studies in Petersburg and Vienna. He was
a cooperator
of
Ludwik Waryński,
took active part in foundational debates of
PPS
and in the revolution of
1905.
But except political interests all his life he was engaged in educational activity, he was
working in different types of schools and folk universities. Science was his real passion, economy
m
particular. His main achievement on the field was methodological study: The logic of economy.
Principal economical concepts from the standpoint of the science of energy published in Warsaw
in
1896.
The biography of
Zygmunt
Heryng consists of six chapters covering both his political and
scientific activities. The composition is partly chronological and partly centered around problems.
First two chapters present the life and activity of Z. Heryng. The remaining four chapters focus on
his scientific investigations.
The first chapter has a preliminary character and presents an
intelectual
and cultural envi¬
ronment of Z. Heryng. We can observe Z. Heryng as
a
positivist
-
mechanicist, a foundator of the
forst
socialist clubs, an author of agitative brochures, finally a prisoner of the Xth
Pawilon
and
siberian
exile. Later fate of Z. Heryng were connected with the membership in Krusinszczyk s
circle, then in
PPS
and later in Revolutionary-Fraction, the work on programs after the break in the
Party and strong activity in the Revolution of
1905.
Also his educational work is briefly described
m
this chapter but it is treates in detail in the next chapter.
This chapter contains also a sketch of private life of Z. Heryng, from the moment of his unof¬
ficial baptism by maids in the kitchen till his death and burial on
Powązki
Cemetery. Accessible
biographical material allows for showing a very rich and intensive life, his interests in literature,
а«,
theater, his school adventures and educational experiences. The chapter covers also familly
matters; love and marriage with Helena
Kon,
complicated fates of Heryng s children, the next
marriage with Natalia
Politur
and its short history. We are also trying to settle the question of the
self-identification of Heryng
-
a Pole with Jewish roots, catholic, socialist.
Educational activity of Heryng, touched upon in chapter one, is described in the next one in
more detail. He is presented as a teacher and an organizer of several forms of education, activist of
rallies and strikes of young people in
1905
and, above all, as a creator of Folk Encyclopaedia. The
352
last initiative was the idea of life of Heryng who was strongly occupied with the mission of
teaching workers and peasants. Folk Encyclopaedia was meant as a medium for information on the
most important problems of social, cultural, religious and political life.
The next three chapters focus on the presentation of Z. Heryng as an economist, methodolo-
gist, philosopher, historian and sociologist, particularly interested in religion and its impact. In
particular, the third chapter is devoted to the analysis and reception of Logic of economy, the most
important work of Heryng. It is seen, by economists and sociologists, as a groundbreaking work
showing how to use scientific methods, in particular the principle of energy preservation, in the
field of social investigation.
The fourth chapter shows Z. Heryng as a practical economist trying to reform financial mat¬
ters. The main idea was connected with the exchange of currency and the organization of a credit-
bank supporting small enterprise. According to Heryng the best form of improving polish currency
was so-called partial exchange, and the best bank
-
the public bank offering long termed and low-
rated credits. These ideas were propagated by Heryng for a long time starting with the work
Rubel
with the project of improving russian financial market by introduction of paper money. In the later
works devoted to the financial reforms in Poland, he also developed these ideas. Very original
work The role of American capital in Polish economy and politics contained advices concerning
consumption of the loan obtained from United States. In order to realize his plans he has taken
diplomatic actions, in particular he cooperated with American Embassy in Poland and Polish
Embassy in Moscow, where he offered a support in negotiations with Russians. He was trying to
take advantage of his earlier contacts with
Feliks
Kon
and Julian Marchlewski.
The fifth chapter presents Heryng s achievements in the fields of sociology, history, philoso¬
phy and the knowledge of religion. It comprises characterisations of works, or rather their parts,
which were never published. In particular, Heryng never found a publisher for his philosophical
monograph The World as a movement. In his archive we can also find a very interesting fragment
of sociological-historical study devoted to
Józef Piłsudski.
The work was meant as a biography
with the main thesis
-
J.
Piłsudski
as an outstanding man in the history of Poland (the title
Józef
Piłsudski
and his impact on the fate of Poland). Also a lecture on the ideological relations between
socialism and religion, held by Heryng in Free Polish University, is worth noticing as an example
of his interests.
The last chapter undertakes the problem of Heryng s connections with socialism and marx¬
ism. It is quite often stated that after the
1st
World War Heryng left socialistic ideas. Does it mean
that he absolutely abandoned his earlier beliefs? Perhaps his attitudes became more radical and he
turned to communist ideology? In this chapter we try to show Heryng s sympathies for bolshevism
and Lenin s doctrine clearly stated after the victory of revolution in Russia. Heryng was interested
in Russia for the whole life; he was fascinated with Russian literature, history, social relations.
However, in his considerations Russia was always strictly connected with revolution, its definition,
origins, realization and consequences. We also characterise Heryng s lectures on marxsism
provided for Free Polish University.
The sources for the biography may be divided into following classes: published works of
Heryng, his memoirs, unpublished lectures and other papers from his home archive, as well as
journal papers, archive materials and memoirs of other persons knowing Heryng, like Adam
Pragier or
Ludwik Krzywicki.
It should be underlined that the access to Heryng s home archive
has played the key role in writing his biography; without valuable materials contained in this
archive the full characterisation of Heryng s life and beliefs would be impossible. The archive is
kept in good condition by
Jan Kozłowski,
the son of
Jadwiga Balicka-Kozłowska,
the granddaugh¬
ter of Z. Heryng. The materials included in
AAN,
AGAD,
Archive of the city of Warsaw, state
archive in Cracow and Central Military Archive also shed light on many details of his activity.
Finally, the personal contact with his daughter
Halina
Heryng was very important. Invaluable
source of information about Heryng s life and views is his memoir entitled Socialism half a
century before
(1875-880)
in Russia and Poland. Reflections and Considerations, which was
published previously by the author of this monograph.
|
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| language | Polish |
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| spelling | Sikorska-Kowalska, Marta 1971- Verfasser (DE-588)124593097 aut Zygmunt Heryng (1854 - 1931) biografia lewicowego intelektualisty Marta Sikorska-Kowalska Wyd. 1. Łódź Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego 2011 370 s. il. - Ill. 24 cm. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Heryng, Zygmunt 1854-1931 (DE-588)133435695 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4006804-3 Biografie gnd-content Heryng, Zygmunt 1854-1931 (DE-588)133435695 p DE-604 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024410706&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024410706&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Sikorska-Kowalska, Marta 1971- Zygmunt Heryng (1854 - 1931) biografia lewicowego intelektualisty Heryng, Zygmunt 1854-1931 (DE-588)133435695 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)133435695 (DE-588)4006804-3 |
| title | Zygmunt Heryng (1854 - 1931) biografia lewicowego intelektualisty |
| title_auth | Zygmunt Heryng (1854 - 1931) biografia lewicowego intelektualisty |
| title_exact_search | Zygmunt Heryng (1854 - 1931) biografia lewicowego intelektualisty |
| title_full | Zygmunt Heryng (1854 - 1931) biografia lewicowego intelektualisty Marta Sikorska-Kowalska |
| title_fullStr | Zygmunt Heryng (1854 - 1931) biografia lewicowego intelektualisty Marta Sikorska-Kowalska |
| title_full_unstemmed | Zygmunt Heryng (1854 - 1931) biografia lewicowego intelektualisty Marta Sikorska-Kowalska |
| title_short | Zygmunt Heryng (1854 - 1931) |
| title_sort | zygmunt heryng 1854 1931 biografia lewicowego intelektualisty |
| title_sub | biografia lewicowego intelektualisty |
| topic | Heryng, Zygmunt 1854-1931 (DE-588)133435695 gnd |
| topic_facet | Heryng, Zygmunt 1854-1931 Biografie |
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