Signals and systems for speech and hearing
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| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Bingley
Emerald
2011
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| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Rosen, Stuart |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Signals and systems for speech and hearing |c by Stuart Rosen and Peter Howell |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Bingley |b Emerald |c 2011 | |
| 300 | |a XVII, 364 S. |b Ill., zahlr. graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Previous ed.: Amsterdam; London: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, 2005 | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Speech | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Hearing | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Speech processing systems | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Signal processing | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Voice frequency | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sound / Transmission | |
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| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-020799666 | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819655293277044736 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Signals and systems for speech and hearing
Autor: Rosen, Stuart
Jahr: 2011
Contents
Preface...................................................... xiii
Preface to the Original Edition............................. xv
Chapter 1 Introduction................................... 1
Exercises....................................... 4
Chapter 2 Signals in the Real World.................... 5
The movement of a tuning fork............... 5
What is sound?................................ 7
Converting pressure changes into a more
convenient form............................... 9
Getting back to acoustic signals............... 11
Summary ...................................... 12
Exercises....................................... 13
Chapter 3 Introduction to Signals....................... 14
Frequency and period of sinusoids........... 14
Constructing sinusoids........................ 17
Using trigonometry to determine the
shape of a sinusoid............................ 20
Phase........................................... 22
Amplitude..................................... 24
Examples of other periodic signals ........... 25
Aperiodic signals.............................. 27
Peak-to-peak and root-mean-square
amplitude measurements ..................... 30
Measuring amplitude-the relationship
between amplitude and intensity............. 33
Defining scales................................. 34
Definition of the intensity scale-dB values .. 35
Scale reference points ......................... 36
Taking the logarithm of the ratio ............. 37
Further features of dB scales.................. 39
Exercises....................................... 41
Appendix: Exponents and logarithms
(to the base 10) ................................ 43
Chapter 4 Introduction to Systems...................... 47
Homogeneity.................................. 50
Additivity...................................... 58
Linearity = homogeneity + additivity......... 59
Time invariance................................ 60
Exercises....................................... 62
Chapter 5 A Preview..................................... 64
Exercises....................................... 69
Chapter 6 The Frequency Response of Systems........ 71
Amplitude responses-the basic concept..... 71
Amplitude responses as ratios................ 74
Filters.......................................... 76
Systems in parallel ............................ 82
Systems in cascade............................ 85
Band-pass filters............................... 85
Band-pass responses in simple physical
systems ........................................ 87
The amplitude response of a cascade of LTI
systems ........................................ 90
The vocal tract as a linear system............. 94
Phase responses ............................... 101
Linear phase responses........................ 103
Wrapped and unwrapped phase curves...... 105
Other phase responses ........................ 106
The phase response of two LTI systems in
cascade......................................... 107
The transfer function of LTI systems in
cascade......................................... 108
Exercises....................................... 109
Appendix 6.1 .................................. 114
Appendix 6.2 .................................. 115
Appendix 6.3 .................................. 116
Chapter 7 The Frequency Characterization of Signals . 118
Adding sinusoids: synthesis .................. 119
Decomposing periodic waveforms: analysis .. 121
The Fourier series of a sawtooth waveform .. 121
Amplitude spectrum of a sawtooth wave___ 127
Phase spectrum of a sawtooth waveform..... 130
The effect of altering the phase of one
component..................................... 131
The effect of altering the amplitude of one
component..................................... 132
The effect of missing one component out ___ 133
Spectra of other periodic waveforms ......... 134
The spectrum of a pulse train................. 139
The effect of increasing period with the same
duration pulse.............................- 141
Spectra of aperiodic signals................... 143
Fourier transform of a transient signal ....... 143
Random signals ............................... 146
Exercises....................................... 148
Chapter 8 Signals Through Systems .................... 150
Putting a periodic signal through a filter..... 151
Speeding things up............................ 157
Putting a periodic signal through a real
low-pass filter ................................. 158
Putting an aperiodic signal through a system 161
Distortion and the perfect system............. 162
Exercises....................................... 163
Chapter 9 The Time Characterization of Systems...... 166
What can we learn from a system response
to a single pulse?.............................. 167
Approximating signals with rectangular
pulses.......................................... 171
The relationship between the impulse
response and the frequency response......... 177
Determining the frequency response of a
system: a practical example................... 179
Exercises....................................... 182
Chapter 10 The Relationship Between the Time and
Frequency Domains .......................... 183
The spectra of rectangular pulses of varying
duration........................................ 184
The spectra of sinusoids of varying
duration........................................ 187
Windowing signals........................... 189
Windowing non-sinusoidal signals.......... 192
The relationship between the ordinary and
inverse Fourier transform..................... 194
Time domain and frequency domain
relationships for systems...................... 194
The impulse and amplitude response of
simple band-pass filters....................... 195
Resolution in frequency for different
bandwidths.................................... 197
Resolution in time for different bandwidths.. 199
Bandwidth versus resolution: a summary___ 201
Exercises....................................... 201
Chapter 11 The Spectrogram.............................. 203
The basic problem: determining the spectra
of real-life signals.............................. 203
Analyzing a sawtooth with a filter bank...... 204
Signals that change in time ................... 207
Whistling through a single band-pass filter .. 209
Getting rid of detail: rectification and
smoothing ..................................... 212
Summary: filtering, rectification and
smoothing ..................................... 215
Looking across a range of frequencies
with a filter bank.............................. 216
Constructing a spectrogram................... 217
Displaying spectrograms in a convenient
way ............................................ 219
Spectrographs ................................. 220
Another approach to making a
spectrogram ................................... 222
The graphic equalizer......................... 222
A spectrum displayed as a bar graph ........ 223
Converting the height of a bar into the
darkness of a trace ............................ 226
Converting the time dimension into the
x-axis on a piece of paper..................... 226
Sections: short-term spectra................... 228
The choice of filter bandwidth................ 229
Determining a spectrum with filter banks of
wide- and narrow-band filters ................ 230
Resolving two spectral components
close in frequency............................. 235
Wide- and narrow-band spectrograms of an
impulse........................................ 237
Resolving two pulses close in time ........... 237
Wide- and narrow-band spectrograms of
quasi-periodic pulse trains.................... 238
Wide- and narrow-band spectrograms of
random signals................................ 241
Making spectrograms in the time domain___ 243
Dividing up a signal into sections ............ 243
The choice of window length................. 245
Analyzing a sinusoid with different window
lengths......................................... 246
Long- and short-time spectrograms of two
closely spaced sinusoids ...................... 247
Long- and short-time spectrograms of a
filtered periodic pulse train................... 250
Frequency equalization........................ 254
Concluding remarks........................... 255
Exercises....................................... 256
Chapter 12 Applications to Hearing...................... 258
Outer ear ...................................... 259
Middle ear..................................... 266
The movement of the basilar
membrane ..................................... 268
Transduction by the inner hair cells .......... 277
Making an auditory spectrogram............. 281
Exercises....................................... 284
Chapter 13 Applications to Speech Production.......... 286
Source-filter theory of speech production ___ 286
Amplitude spectrum off /a/ at a constant
voice fundamental frequency ................. 289
Amplitude spectrum of /a/ at a different
voice fundamental frequency ................. 292
Spectrographic representation of /a/ at
different voice fundamental frequencies...... 294
Spectrographs analysis of vowels with a
changing fundamental ........................ 298
Properties of other vowel sounds............. 299
Diphthongal vowels........................... 300
Voiceless fricatives............................. 301
Summary and comments...................... 305
Exercises....................................... 306
Chapter 14 An Introduction to Digital Signals and
Systems........................................ 308
Pros and cons of digital techniques........... 308
What is an analogue signal? .................. 309
What is a digital signal?....................... 311
Digital systems ................................ 314
Quantization................................... 316
Sampling....................................... 319
How fast does sampling have to be? The
sampling theorem ............................. 320
Sampling complex signals..................... 323
Processing the digital signal .................. 324
Reconverting back to analogue form ......... 324
A digital amplifier............................. 326
A simple digital low-pass filter............... 328
A simple digital high-pass filter .............. 332
A simple infinite impulse response
system ......................................... 335
FIR and IIR systems........................... 338
Concluding remarks........................... 338
Exercises....................................... 339
Appendix................................................... 343
Index........................................................ 357
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Rosen, Stuart Howell, Peter |
| author_facet | Rosen, Stuart Howell, Peter |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Rosen, Stuart |
| author_variant | s r sr p h ph |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV036884357 |
| classification_rvk | ER 965 ER 985 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)706853128 (DE-599)BVBBV036884357 |
| discipline | Sprachwissenschaft Literaturwissenschaft |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV036884357 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-24T00:16:13Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781848552265 1848552262 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-020799666 |
| oclc_num | 706853128 |
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| physical | XVII, 364 S. Ill., zahlr. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publishDateSearch | 2011 |
| publishDateSort | 2011 |
| publisher | Emerald |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Rosen, Stuart Howell, Peter Signals and systems for speech and hearing Speech Hearing Speech processing systems Signal processing Voice frequency Sound / Transmission Sprachproduktion (DE-588)4182529-9 gnd Sprechakt (DE-588)4077747-9 gnd Hören (DE-588)4025405-7 gnd Lautwahrnehmung (DE-588)4125741-8 gnd Sprechen (DE-588)4116580-9 gnd Sprachsignal (DE-588)4056494-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4182529-9 (DE-588)4077747-9 (DE-588)4025405-7 (DE-588)4125741-8 (DE-588)4116580-9 (DE-588)4056494-0 |
| title | Signals and systems for speech and hearing |
| title_auth | Signals and systems for speech and hearing |
| title_exact_search | Signals and systems for speech and hearing |
| title_full | Signals and systems for speech and hearing by Stuart Rosen and Peter Howell |
| title_fullStr | Signals and systems for speech and hearing by Stuart Rosen and Peter Howell |
| title_full_unstemmed | Signals and systems for speech and hearing by Stuart Rosen and Peter Howell |
| title_short | Signals and systems for speech and hearing |
| title_sort | signals and systems for speech and hearing |
| topic | Speech Hearing Speech processing systems Signal processing Voice frequency Sound / Transmission Sprachproduktion (DE-588)4182529-9 gnd Sprechakt (DE-588)4077747-9 gnd Hören (DE-588)4025405-7 gnd Lautwahrnehmung (DE-588)4125741-8 gnd Sprechen (DE-588)4116580-9 gnd Sprachsignal (DE-588)4056494-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Speech Hearing Speech processing systems Signal processing Voice frequency Sound / Transmission Sprachproduktion Sprechakt Hören Lautwahrnehmung Sprechen Sprachsignal |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020799666&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rosenstuart signalsandsystemsforspeechandhearing AT howellpeter signalsandsystemsforspeechandhearing |