Natural resource and environmental economics
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| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Harlow [u.a.]
Pearson Education
[20]09
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| Ausgabe: | 3. ed., [Nachdr.] |
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Natural resource and environmental economics |c Roger Perman ... |
| 250 | |a 3. ed., [Nachdr.] | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819707526485114880 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Natural resource and environmental economics
Autor: Perman, Roger
Jahr: 2009
Contents
Preface to the Third Edition xiii
Acknowledgements xv
Notation xvi
Introduction xix
Part I Foundations
Chapter 1 An introduction to natural resource and environmental
economics 3
Learning objectives 3
Introduction 3
1.1 Three themes 3
1.2 The emergence of resource and environmental economics 4
1.3 Fundamental issues in the economic approach to resource
and environmental issues 10
1.4 Reader s guide 12
Summary 14
Further reading 15
Chapter 2 The origins of the sustainability problem 16
Learning objectives 16
Introduction 16
2.1 Economy-environment interdependence 17
2.2 The drivers of environmental impact 28
2.3 Poverty and inequality 41
2.4 Limits to growth? 44
2.5 The pursuit of sustainable development 48
Summary 52
Further reading 52
Discussion questions 54
Problems 54
Chapter 3 Ethics, economics and the environment 56
Learning objectives 56
Introduction 56
3.1 Naturalist moral philosophies 57
3.2 Libertarian moral philosophy 58
3.3 Utilitarianism 59
3.4 Criticisms of utilitarianism 64
3.5 Intertemporal distribution 67
Summary 75
Further reading 75
Discussion questions 76
Problems 77
Appendix 3.1 The Lagrange multiplier method of
solving constrained optimisation problems 77
Appendix 3.2 Social welfare maximisation 80
Chapter 4 Concepts of sustainability 82
Learning objectives 82
Introduction 82
4.1 Concepts and constraints 83
4.2 Economists on sustainability 86
4.3 Ecologists on sustainability 92
4.4 The institutional conception 96
4.5 Sustainability and policy 97
Summary 103
Further reading 103
Discussion questions 104
Problems 104
Chapter 5 Welfare economics and the environment 105
Learning objectives 105
Introduction 105
Part I Efficiency and optimality 105
5.1 Economic efficiency 107
5.2 An efficient allocation of resources is not unique 109
5.3 The social welfare function and optimality 112
5.4 Compensation tests 113
Part II Allocation in a market economy 116
5.5 Efficiency given ideal conditions 116
5.6 Partial equilibrium analysis of market efficiency 119
5.7 Market allocations are not necessarily equitable 122
Part III Market failure, public policy and the environment 124
5.8 The existence of markets for environmental services 124
5.9 Public goods 126
5.10 Externalities 134
5.11 The second-best problem 142
5.12 Imperfect information . 143
5.13 Government failure 144
Summary 145
Further reading 146
Discussion questions 146
Problems 146
Appendix 5.1 Conditions for efficiency and optimality 147
Appendix 5.2 Market outcomes 152
Appendix 5.3 Market failure 153
Part II Environmental pollution
Chapter 6 Pollution control: targets 165
Learning objectives 165
Introduction 165
6.1 Modelling pollution mechanisms 167
6.2 Pollution flows, pollution stocks, and pollution damage 169
6.3 The efficient level of pollution 170
6.4 A static model of efficient flow pollution 171
6.5 Modified efficiency targets 174
6.6 Efficient levels of emissions of stock pollutants 177
6.7 Pollution control where damages depend on location
of the emissions 177
6.8 Ambient pollution standards 179
6.9 Intertemporal analysis of stock pollution 181
6.10 Variable decay 186
6.11 Convexity and non-convexity in damage and abatement
cost functions 187
6.12 Estimating the costs of abating pollution 189
6.13 Choosing pollution targets on grounds other than
economic efficiency 193
Summary 194
Further reading 195
Discussion questions 196
Problems 196
Appendix 6.1 Matrix algebra 196
Appendix 6.2 Spatially differentiated stock pollution:
a numerical example 201
Chapter 7 Pollution control: instruments 202
Learning objectives 202
Introduction 202
7.1 Criteria for choice of pollution control instruments 203
7.2 Cost efficiency and cost-effective pollution abatement
instruments 204
7.3 Instruments for achieving pollution abatement targets 206
7.4 Economic incentive (quasi-market) instruments 217
7.5 Pollution control where damages depend on location
of the emissions 228
7.6 A comparison of the relative advantages of command
and control, emissions tax, emission abatement subsidy
and marketable permit instruments 234
Summary 238
Further reading 239
Discussion questions 240
Problems 241
Appendix 7.1 The least-cost theorem and pollution
control instruments 242
Chapter 8 Pollution policy with imperfect information 247
Learning objectives 247
Introduction 247
8.1 Difficulties in identifying pollution targets in the context
of limited information and uncertainty 248
8.2 Sustainability-based approaches to target setting and the
precautionary principle 249
8.3 The relative merits of pollution control instruments
under conditions of uncertainty 251
8.4 Transactions costs and environmental regulation 261
Summary 266
Further reading 267
Discussion question 268
Problems 268
Chapter 9 Economy-wide modelling 269
Learning objectives 269
Introduction 269
9.1 Input-output analysis 270
9.2 Environmental input-output analysis 274
9.3 Costs and prices 278
9.4 Computable general equilibrium models 281
Summary 290
Further reading 290
Discussion questions 290
Problems 291
Appendix 9.1 A general framework for environmental
input-output analysis 291
Appendix 9.2 The algebra of the two-sector CGE model 295
Chapter 10 International environmental problems 297
Learning objectives 297
Introduction 297
10.1 International environmental cooperation 298
10.2 Game theory analysis 299
10.3 Factors contributing to enhancing probability of international
agreements or achieving a higher degree of cooperation 311
10.4 International treaties: conclusions 312
10.5 Acid rain pollution 312
10.6 Stratospheric ozone depletion 319
10.7 The greenhouse effect 321
10.8 International trade and the environment . 339
Learning outcomes 342
Further reading 343
Discussion questions 345
Problems 346
Appendix 10.1 Some algebra of international treaties 346
Part III Project appraisal
Chapter 11 Cost-benefit analysis 351
Learning objectives 351
Introduction 351
11.1 Intertemporal welfare economics 352
11.2 Project appraisal 362
11.3 Cost-benefit analysis and the environment 373
Summary 385
Further reading 386
Discussion questions 387
Problems 387
Appendix 11.1 Conditions for intertemporal efficiency
and optimality 388
Appendix 11.2 Markets and intertemporal allocation 395
Chapter 12 Valuing the environment 399
Learning objectives 399
Introduction 399
12.1 Dimensions of value 400
12.2 The theory of environmental valuation 403
12.3 Environmental valuation techniques 411
12.4 The travel cost method 411
12.5 Contingent valuation 420
12.6 Other techniques 435
Summary 440
Further reading 440
Discussion questions 441
Problems 441
Appendix 12.1 Demand theory and environmental evaluation 442
Chapter 13 irreversibility, risk and uncertainty 444
Learning objectives 444
Introduction 444
13.1 Individual decision making in the face of risk 445
13.2 Option price and option value 448
13.3 Risk and irreversibility 451
13.4 Environmental cost-benefit analysis revisited 457
13.5 Decision theory: choices under uncertainty 459
13.6 A safe minimum standard of conservation 461
Summary 464
Further reading 465
Discussion questions 466
Problems 466
Appendix 13.1 Irreversibility and development:
future known 467
Appendix 13.2 Irreversibility, development and risk 468
Part IV Natural resource exploitation
Chapter 14 The efficient and optimal use of natural resources 473
Learning objectives 473
Introduction 473
Part I A simple optimal resource depletion model 474
14.1 The economy and its production function 474
14.2 Is the natural resource essential? 474
14.3 What is the elasticity of substitution between K and Rl 475
14.4 Resource substitutability and the consequences of
increasing resource scarcity 476
14.5 The social welfare function and an optimal allocation of
natural resources 480
Part II Extending the model to incorporate extraction costs and
renewable resources 486
14.6 The optimal solution to the resource depletion model
incorporating extraction costs 487
14.7 Generalisation to renewable resources 489
14.8 Complications 490
14.9 A numerical application: oil extraction and global
optimal consumption 491
Summary 495
Further reading 495
Discussion questions 496
Problems 496
Appendix 14.1 The optimal control problem and its
solution using the maximum principle 496
Appendix 14.2 The optimal solution to the simple
exhaustible resource depletion problem 503
Appendix 14.3 Optimal and efficient extraction or
harvesting of a renewable or non-renewable resource
in the presence of resource extraction costs 504
Chapter 15 The theory of optimal resource extraction:
non-renewable resources 506
Learning objectives 506
Introduction 506
15.1 A non-renewable resource two-period model 510
15.2 A non-renewable resource multi-period model 512
15.3 Non-renewable resource extraction in perfectly
competitive markets 517
15.4 Resource extraction in a monopolistic market 518
15.5 A comparison of competitive and monopolistic
extraction programmes 518
15.6 Extensions of the multi-period model of non-renewable
resource depletion 520
15.7 The introduction of taxation/subsidies 525
15.8 The resource depletion model: some extensions and
further issues 526
15.9 Do resource prices actually follow the Hotelling rule? 527
15.10 Natural resource scarcity 529
Summary 532
Further reading 533
Discussion questions 533
Problems 533
Appendix 15.1 Solution of the multi-period resource
depletion model 534
Appendix 15.2 The monopolist s profit-maximising
extraction programme 535
Appendix 15.3 A worked numerical example 536
Chapter 16 Stock pollution problems 537
Learning objectives 537
Introduction 537
16.1 An aggregate dynamic model of pollution 538
16.2 A complication: variable decay of the pollution stock 544
16.3 Steady-state outcomes 544
16.4 A model of waste accumulation and disposal 548
Summary 553
Further reading 554
Discussion question 554
Problem 554
Chapter 17 Renewable resources 555
Learning objectives 555
Introduction 555
17.1 Biological growth processes 557
17.2 Steady-state harvests 560
17.3 An open-access fishery 561
17.4 The dynamics of renewable resource harvesting 566
17.5 Some more reflections on open-access fisheries 569
17.6 The private-property fishery 570
17.7 Dynamics in the PV-maximising fishery 578
17.8 Bringing things together: the open-access fishery,
static private-property fishery and PV-maximising
fishery models compared 579
17.9 Socially efficient resource harvesting 580
17.10 A safe minimum standard of conservation 582
17.11 Resource harvesting, population collapses and the extinction
of species 584
17.12 Renewable resources policy 586
Summary 592
Further reading 593
Discussion questions 595
Problems 595
Appendix 17.1 The discrete-time analogue of the
continuous-titne fishery models examined in Chapter 17 596
Chapter 18 Forest resources 598
Learning objectives 598
Introduction 598
18.1 The current state of world forest resources 599
18.2 Characteristics of forest resources 601
18.3 Commercial plantation forestry 605
18.4 Multiple-use forestry 612
18.5 Socially and privately optimal multiple-use plantation forestry 615
18.6 Natural forests and deforestation 615
18.7 Government and forest resources 619
Summary 619
Further reading 620
Discussion questions 620
Problems 621
Appendix 18.1 Mathematical derivations 622
Appendix 18.2 The length of a forest rotation in the
infinite-rotation model: some comparative statics 623
Chapter 19 Accounting for the environment 626
Learning objectives 626
Introduction 627
19.1 Environmental indicators 627
19.2 Environmental accounting: theory 631
19.3 Environmental accounting: practice 640
19.4 Sustainability indicators 650
19.5 Concluding remarks 656
Further reading 658
Discussion questions 659
Problems 659
Appendix 19.1 National income, the return on wealth,
Hartwick s rule and sustainable income 660
Appendix 19.2 Adjusting national income measurement
to account for the environment 663
Appendix 19.3 The UNSTAT proposals 666
References 671
Index 689
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| indexdate | 2024-12-23T22:45:18Z |
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| spellingShingle | Natural resource and environmental economics Nachhaltigkeit Environmental economics Natural resources -- Management Sustainable development Ressourcenökonomie (DE-588)4400948-3 gnd Natürliche Ressourcen (DE-588)4075236-7 gnd Umweltökonomie (DE-588)4061638-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4400948-3 (DE-588)4075236-7 (DE-588)4061638-1 |
| title | Natural resource and environmental economics |
| title_auth | Natural resource and environmental economics |
| title_exact_search | Natural resource and environmental economics |
| title_full | Natural resource and environmental economics Roger Perman ... |
| title_fullStr | Natural resource and environmental economics Roger Perman ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Natural resource and environmental economics Roger Perman ... |
| title_short | Natural resource and environmental economics |
| title_sort | natural resource and environmental economics |
| topic | Nachhaltigkeit Environmental economics Natural resources -- Management Sustainable development Ressourcenökonomie (DE-588)4400948-3 gnd Natürliche Ressourcen (DE-588)4075236-7 gnd Umweltökonomie (DE-588)4061638-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Nachhaltigkeit Environmental economics Natural resources -- Management Sustainable development Ressourcenökonomie Natürliche Ressourcen Umweltökonomie |
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