Optical refrigeration science and applications of laser cooling of solids

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Weitere Verfasser: Epstein, Richard (HerausgeberIn)
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Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: Weinheim Wiley-VCH-Verl. 2009
Ausgabe:1. Aufl.
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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text CONTENTS PREFAECE IX 1 OPTICAL REFRIGERATION IN SOLIDS: FUNDAMENTALS AND OVERVIEW 1 RICHARD I. EPSTEIN AND MANSOOR SHEIK-BAHAE 1.1 BASIC CONCEPTS 1 1.2 THE FOUR-LEVEL MODEL FOR OPTICAL REFRIGERATION 4 1.3 COOLING RARE-EARTH-DOPED SOLIDS 7 1.4 PROSPECTS FOR LASER COOLING IN SEMICONDUCTORS 12 1.5 EXPERIMENTAL WORK ON OPTICAL REFRIGERATION IN SEMICONDUCTORS 21 1.6 FUTURE OUTLOOK 26 REFERENCES 28 2 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF RARE-EARTH-DOPED LASER COOLING MATERIALS 33 MARKUS P. HEHLEN 2.1 HISTORYOF LASER COOLING MATERIALS 33 2.2 MATERIAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 36 2.2.1 ACTIVE IONS 37 2.2.1.1 RARE-EARTH IONS FOR LASER COOLING 37 2.2.1.2 ACTIVE ION CONCENTRATION 39 2.2.2 HOST MATERIALS 40 2.2.2.1 MULTIPHONON RELAXATION 40 2.2.2.2 CHEMICAL DURABILITY 42 2.2.2.3 THERMAL AND THERMOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES 42 2.2.2.4 REFRACTIVE INDEX 43 BIBLIOGRAFISCHE INFORMATIONEN HTTP://D-NB.INFO/991653106 DIGITALISIERT DURCH VI I CONTENTS 2.3.2.2 PROCESS EQUIPMENT 50 2.3.2.3 CLEAN ENVIRONMENT 51 2.3.3 MATERIAL PURIFICATION 51 2.3.3.1 FILTRATION AND RECRYSTALLIZATION 51 2.3.3.2 SOLVENT EXTRACTION USING CHELATING AGENTS 52 2.3.3.3 FLUORINATION AND DRYING IN HYDROGEN FLUORIDE GAS 54 2.3.3.4 SUBLIMATION AND DISTILLATION 55 2.3.3.5 ELECTROCHEMICAL PURIFICATION 57 2.3.4 DETERMINATION OF TRACE IMPURITY LEVELS 57 2.4 GLASS FABRICATION 59 2.4.1 GLASS FORMATION IN ZRF 4 SYSTEMS 59 2.4.2 ZBLAN GLASS FABRICATION 62 2.4.2.1 MELTING OF THE STARTING MATERIALS 62 2.4.2.2 EVAPORATIVE LOSSES 63 2.4.2.3 DISSOLUTION AND HOMOGENIZARION 63 2.4.2.4 OPTIMUM RATE OF COOLING 63 2.4.2.5 VISCOSITY FOR CASTING 64 2.4.2.6 TYPICAL GLASS FABRICATION PARAMETERS 64 2.4.3 FLUORIDE, CHLORIDE, AND SULFIDE GLASS FABRICATION 65 2.5 HALIDE CRYSTAL GROWTH 65 2.6 PROMISING FUTURE MATERIALS 66 2.6.1 SIMPLIFIED FLUORIDE GLASSES 67 2.6.2 FLUORIDE CRYSTALS 67 2.6.3 CHLORIDE AND BROMIDE CRYSTALS 68 REFERENCE CONTENTS VII 4.2 INTERNAL COOLING MEASUREMENTS 101 4.3 BULK COOLING MEASUREMENTS 105 4.4 INFLUENCEOF UPCONVERSION PROCESSES ON THE COOLING EFFICIENCY OF ER 3+ 108 4.4.1 SPECTROSCOPIC GROUNDS: UPCONVERSION PROPERTIES OF ER 3 * UNDER PUMPING IN THE *I 9 SS MANIFOLD 108 4.4.2 A PHENOMENOLOGICAL COOLING MODEL INCLUDING UPCONVERSION 111 REFERENCES 114 5 LASER REFRIGERATOR DESIGN AND APPLICATIONS 117 GARY MILLS AND MEL BUCHWALD 5.1 INTRODUCTION 117 5.2 MODELING 119 5.3 MODELING RESULTS 121 5.4 DESIGN ISSUES 124 5.5 MIRROR HEARING 129 5.6 APPLICATIONS 133 5.6.1 COMPARISON TO OTHER REFRIGERATION TECHNOLOGIES 133 5.6.2 VIBRATION 133 5.6.3 ELECTROMAGNETIC AND MAGNETIC NOISE 134 5.6.4 RELIABILITY AND LIFETIME 134 5.6.5 RUGGEDNESS 134 5.6. VIII CONTENTS 7.2 ENGINEERING THE DENSITY OF STATES USING DONOR-ACCEPTOR TRANSITIONS 171 7.3 REFRIGERATION USING PHONON-ASSISTED TRANSITIONS 174 7.4 LASER COOLING USING TYPE II QUANTUM WELLS 180 7.5 PHOTONIC BANDGAP FOR LASER COOLING 186 7.6 NOVEL MEANS OF LASER COOLING USING SURFACE PLASMON POLARITONS 189 7.7 CONDUSIONS 193 REFERENCES 194 8 THERMODYNAMICS OF OPTICAL COOLING OF BULK MATTER 197 CARL E. MUNGAN 8.1 INTRODUCTION 197 8.2 HISTORICAL REVIEW OF OPTICAL COOLING THERMODYNAMICS 198 8.3 QUANTITATIVE RADIATION THERMODYNAMICS 204 8.4 IDEALAND ACTUAL PERFORMANCE OF OPTICAL REFRIGERATORS 214 8.5 CLOSING REMARKS 225 REFERENCES 230 INDEX 233
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spellingShingle Optical refrigeration science and applications of laser cooling of solids
Laser cooling
Laser manipulation (Nuclear physics)
Solids Cooling
Laserkühlung (DE-588)4297488-4 gnd
Festkörper (DE-588)4016918-2 gnd
subject_GND (DE-588)4297488-4
(DE-588)4016918-2
(DE-588)4143413-4
title Optical refrigeration science and applications of laser cooling of solids
title_auth Optical refrigeration science and applications of laser cooling of solids
title_exact_search Optical refrigeration science and applications of laser cooling of solids
title_full Optical refrigeration science and applications of laser cooling of solids ed. by Richard Epstein...
title_fullStr Optical refrigeration science and applications of laser cooling of solids ed. by Richard Epstein...
title_full_unstemmed Optical refrigeration science and applications of laser cooling of solids ed. by Richard Epstein...
title_short Optical refrigeration
title_sort optical refrigeration science and applications of laser cooling of solids
title_sub science and applications of laser cooling of solids
topic Laser cooling
Laser manipulation (Nuclear physics)
Solids Cooling
Laserkühlung (DE-588)4297488-4 gnd
Festkörper (DE-588)4016918-2 gnd
topic_facet Laser cooling
Laser manipulation (Nuclear physics)
Solids Cooling
Laserkühlung
Festkörper
Aufsatzsammlung
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