The climate near the ground

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Hauptverfasser: Geiger, Rudolf 1894-1981 (VerfasserIn), Aron, Robert H. (VerfasserIn), Todhunter, Paul (VerfasserIn)
Format: Buch
Sprache:English
German
Veröffentlicht: Lanham u.a. Rowman & Littlefield 2009
Ausgabe:7. ed.
Schlagworte:
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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text CONTENTS IN COMMEMORATION OF RUDOLF GEIGER S ONE HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY......................................................................................................... DC PREFACES ................................................................................................................. ХП INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 1 1. Microclimate and Research ........................................................................ 1 L EARTH S SURFACE ENERGYBUDGET ............................................................ 5 2. Physical Basis of Earth s Radiation Balance ............................................... 5 3. Components of the Energy Balance and Their Importance ......................... 8 4. Radiation Balance of Earth s Surface .......................................................... 10 5. Longwave Radiation at Night ..................................................................... 19 6. The Laws of Energy Transport in the Ground ............................................ 27 7. Transportor Energy in the Atmosphere. Eddy Diffusion .......................... 33 8. Mixing Due to Friction and Convection ..................................................... 35 9. Temperature Instability, Dissemination of Seeds, Dispersion of Air Pollutants, and Effective Stack Height as Problems of Eddy Diffusion ..... 39 П. THEAIRLAYEROVERLEVELGROUND WITHOUT VEGETATION ................ 51 10. Normal Temperature Stratification in the Underlying Surface (the Ground) ............................................................................................... 51 11. Temperature in the Lowest 100 m of the Atmosphere ................................. 61 12. The Unstable Sublayer and the Inversion Sublayer ................................... 67 13. Daytime Temperature of the Air Layer near the Ground .............................. 71 14. Nighttime Temperature of the Air Layer near the Ground ........................... 77 15. Distribution of Water Vapor above the Ground .......................................... 84 16. The Wind Field and the Influence of Wind near the Ground ...................... 90 17. Distribution of Particulates and Trace Gases .............................................. 100 18. Optical Phenomena and Acoustics near the Ground .................................. 110 VI ________________________________________________________________Contents Ш. INFLUENCE OF THE UNDERLYING SURFACE ON THE ADJACENT AIR LAYER ...................................................................... 119 19. Soil Type, Soil Mixtures, and Soil Tillage .................................................... 119 20. Ground Color, Surface Temperature, Ground Cover (Mulching), and Greenhouses ........................................................................................ 126 21. Soil Moisture and Ground Frost ................................................................. 136 22. The Air Layer above Small Water Surfaces ................................................. 153 23. The Air Layer near the Water Surface of Lakes, Seas, and Rivers .............. 162 24. Snow and Ice Properties and Interaction with the Environment ................. 172 IV FURTHER ANALYSE OF TraENmGYBAIANCE ......................................... 193 25. Basis and Methods of Evaluation .............................................................. 193 26. Results of Previous Energy Balance Measurements .................................. 198 27. Advective Influences and Transitional Climates ........................................ 206 28. Evaporation ................................................................................................ 213 V THE EFFECT OF LOW PLANT COVER ON THE SURFACE AIRLAYER ......................................................................... 225 29. Energy Balance and Temperature of Plant Components ............................. 225 30. Radiation, Eddy Diffusion, and Evaporation in a Low Plant Cover ............. 239 31. The Microclimate of Meadows and Grain Fields ........................................ 248 32. The Microclimate of Gardens and Vineyards .............................................. 259 VI FOREST CLIMATOLOGY .................................................................................. 263 33. Radiation in a Forest ................................................................................... 263 34. Metabolism, Energy Storage, and Wind in a Forest .................................... 276 35. Air Temperature and Humidity in a Forest .................................................. 288 36. Dew, Rain, and Snow in a Forest ................................................................ 296 37. Microclimate at the Stand Edges ................................................................ 308 38. The Climate of Forest Clearings .................................................................. 320 39. Climatic Influences of the Forest ................................................................ 330 VQ. THEIrfflXŒNŒOFTOPCCRAPHYONTHEMCACCLIMATE .................... 341 40. Insolation on Various Slopes ...................................................................... 341 41. Effects of Differing Amounts of Sunshine on the Microenvironment......... 351 42. Small-Scale Topographic Influences at Night (Cold Air Currents, Frost Hollows) ............................................................. 360 43. Local Winds in Hilly and Mountainous Terrain .......................................... 367 44. The Chinate of Various Slopes (Exposure Climate) ...................................... 384 Contents 45. The Thermal Belt ........................................................................................ 394 46. Microclimate in the High Mountains .......................................................... 404 47. The Polar Regions ...................................................................................... 419 48. Speleoclimate - The Microclimate of Caves ............................................... 428 INTERRELATIONS OF ANIMALS AND HUMANS TO THE MICROCLIMATE ................................................................................. 437 49. Animal Behavior ......................................................................................... 438 50. Animal Dwellings ....................................................................................... 445 51. Bioclimatology ............................................................................................ 451 52. Urban Climate ............................................................................................. 459 53. Artificial Protection against Wind .............................................................. 476 54. Artificial Protection against Low Temperatures .......................................... 496 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................. 509 SYMBOLS .................................................................................................................. 583 CONVERSION TABLE ............................................................................................... 587 AUTHORINDEX ....................................................................................................... 589 SUBJECTINDEX ....................................................................................................... 605
any_adam_object 1
author Geiger, Rudolf 1894-1981
Aron, Robert H.
Todhunter, Paul
author_GND (DE-588)118690035
author_facet Geiger, Rudolf 1894-1981
Aron, Robert H.
Todhunter, Paul
author_role aut
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aut
author_sort Geiger, Rudolf 1894-1981
author_variant r g rg
r h a rh rha
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building Verbundindex
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ctrlnum (OCoLC)256770602
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dewey-full 551.6/6
dewey-hundreds 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics
dewey-ones 551 - Geology, hydrology, meteorology
dewey-raw 551.6/6
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discipline Geologie / Paläontologie
Geographie
edition 7. ed.
format Book
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physical XVIII, 623 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
publishDate 2009
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record_format marc
spelling Geiger, Rudolf 1894-1981 Verfasser (DE-588)118690035 aut
The climate near the ground Rudolf Geiger, Robert H. Aron and Paul Todhunter
The climate
7. ed.
Lanham u.a. Rowman & Littlefield 2009
XVIII, 623 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
txt rdacontent
n rdamedia
nc rdacarrier
1. - 4. Aufl. u.d.T.: Geiger, Rudolf: Das Klima der bodennahen Luftschicht
Meteorology, Agricultural
Microclimatology
Mikroklimatologie (DE-588)4169827-7 gnd rswk-swf
Bodenklima (DE-588)4146149-6 gnd rswk-swf
Bodennahe Luftschicht (DE-588)4146155-1 gnd rswk-swf
Mikroklima (DE-588)4039221-1 gnd rswk-swf
Klima (DE-588)4031170-3 gnd rswk-swf
Mikroklima (DE-588)4039221-1 s
DE-604
Bodennahe Luftschicht (DE-588)4146155-1 s
Klima (DE-588)4031170-3 s
1\p DE-604
Mikroklimatologie (DE-588)4169827-7 s
2\p DE-604
Bodenklima (DE-588)4146149-6 s
3\p DE-604
Aron, Robert H. Verfasser aut
Todhunter, Paul Verfasser aut
Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-0-7425-6654-5
Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017306392&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
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2\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk
3\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk
spellingShingle Geiger, Rudolf 1894-1981
Aron, Robert H.
Todhunter, Paul
The climate near the ground
Meteorology, Agricultural
Microclimatology
Mikroklimatologie (DE-588)4169827-7 gnd
Bodenklima (DE-588)4146149-6 gnd
Bodennahe Luftschicht (DE-588)4146155-1 gnd
Mikroklima (DE-588)4039221-1 gnd
Klima (DE-588)4031170-3 gnd
subject_GND (DE-588)4169827-7
(DE-588)4146149-6
(DE-588)4146155-1
(DE-588)4039221-1
(DE-588)4031170-3
title The climate near the ground
title_alt The climate
title_auth The climate near the ground
title_exact_search The climate near the ground
title_full The climate near the ground Rudolf Geiger, Robert H. Aron and Paul Todhunter
title_fullStr The climate near the ground Rudolf Geiger, Robert H. Aron and Paul Todhunter
title_full_unstemmed The climate near the ground Rudolf Geiger, Robert H. Aron and Paul Todhunter
title_short The climate near the ground
title_sort the climate near the ground
topic Meteorology, Agricultural
Microclimatology
Mikroklimatologie (DE-588)4169827-7 gnd
Bodenklima (DE-588)4146149-6 gnd
Bodennahe Luftschicht (DE-588)4146155-1 gnd
Mikroklima (DE-588)4039221-1 gnd
Klima (DE-588)4031170-3 gnd
topic_facet Meteorology, Agricultural
Microclimatology
Mikroklimatologie
Bodenklima
Bodennahe Luftschicht
Mikroklima
Klima
url http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017306392&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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