Evaluating HIV prevention interventions
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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New York [u.a.]
Plenum Press
1997
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| Schriftenreihe: | AIDS prevention and mental health
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Evaluating HIV prevention interventions |c Joanne E. Mantell ; Anthony T. DiVittis ; Marilyn I. Auerbach |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York [u.a.] |b Plenum Press |c 1997 | |
| 300 | |a XV, 295 S. |b Ill. | ||
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| 490 | 0 | |a AIDS prevention and mental health | |
| 700 | 1 | |a DiVittis, Anthony T. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Auerbach, Marilyn I. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents
Chapter 1. Introduction to Evaluating HIV/AIDS Prevention Programs .. 1
The Need for Evaluation 1
Health Behavior Theory as the Foundation for Intervention 2
Scope of HIV Prevention Programs: Intervention Approaches 3
The Social and Political Contexts of Evaluation 5
The Need for Cultural Sensitivity 6
Assessing Organizational Commitment 6
Dissemination of Evaluation Results 7
Scope and Blueprint of This Volume 7
Chapter 2. Involving Communities in Evaluation 9
Evaluation s Benefits for the Community 9
Definition and Diversity of Community 10
Developing a Working Partnership with the Community 11
The Need for Community Participation 11
Building Consensus 12
Identifying the Community Infrastructure 13
Assuring Sensitivity to the Community 13
Working with Community Coalitions 15
Case Study of the Chilean National AIDS Community Action Network ... 16
Coalitions and Behavioral Change 18
An Evaluation Model Involving the Community 18
Presenting Results of an Evaluation to a Community of Community-Based
Organizations 19
Dissemination of the Results 20
Chapter 3. Evaluation Basics 23
The Functions of Program Evaluation 23
Targeting and Audience Segmentation 23
Feedback of Information 23
Improvement of Programs 24
Assessment of Intervention Impact or Effectiveness 24
Assessment of Program Outcome 24
xi
xii Contents
Goals and Objectives: The Key to Evaluation 25
The Research Questions: What Are We Trying to Learn? 26
Types of Program Evaluation 26
Process Evaluation 27
Summative Evaluation 34
Dissemination of Results 44
Conclusion 44
Chapter 4. Conducting Needs Assessment 45
Case Study of US Conference of Mayors: Gay and Bisexual Men of Color 53
The Problem 53
Evaluation Strategy 53
Results 54
Case Study of the Association for Women s AIDS Research and Education 55
The Problem 55
Evaluation Strategy 55
Results 56
Case Study of Gay Men s Health Crisis Support Network Project 56
The Problem 56
Evaluation Strategy 57
Results 57
Case Study of Gay Men s Health Crisis Education Department Volunteers ... 57
Evaluation Strategy 58
Data Collection Method 58
Limitations 58
Results 58
Sharing Results of the Needs Assessment 59
Needs Assessment as an Ongoing Process 60
Conclusion 61
Chapter 5. Selecting an Evaluation Study Design 63
Sampling 64
Probability 64
Nonprobability 67
Randomized Experimental versus Quasi-Experimental Designs 68
Considerations in Using No-Treatment and Alternative Treatment Groups ... 72
Choosing a Control/Comparison Condition 72
Delayed Treatment or Wait-List Control/Comparison Group 75
Matching 76
Longitudinal versus Cross-Sectional Designs 76
Sample Attrition 77
Commonly Used Evaluation Designs 78
Contents xiii
Designs without Control/Comparison Groups 78
Designs with Control/Comparison Groups 83
Randomized Community Intervention Trials 91
Measuring Program Effects 92
Effect Size 92
Statistical Power 95
Conclusion 96
Chapter 6. Quantitative Measures in Evaluation 97
Quantitative Assessment 97
Data Collection Tools 97
Structured Interviews 98
Semistructured Interviews 98
Checklists 100
Performance Measures 101
Diaries 101
Chart Reviews 103
Self-Administered Questionnaires 103
Idiographic Measures 104
Computer-Assisted Interviewing Techniques 104
Format of Questions 106
True-False 107
Multiple-Choice Tests 107
Fill in the Blanks 108
Likert-Type Scales 108
Physiological Indicators 110
Frequency Indicators 110
Strategies for Improving Measurement of Items 112
Comprehensibility of Questionnaire Items 112
Specificity of Measures 114
Cultural Sensitivity or Competence of Items 116
Clarity and Simplicity of Items 118
Retrospective Assessment 119
Equivalence of Item Content across Constructs 120
Pretesting Instruments 120
Methodological Solutions to Improving Participant Response to Items 121
Selecting a Scale or Index: Making an Informed Choice 122
Choosing an Index 123
Face Validity 123
Item Variance 24
Floor and Ceiling Effects • 24
Reliability 24
Validity i21
xiv Contents
Choosing a Scale 128
Measurement Error 132
Case Study of Psychometric Analyses of a Safer Sex Scale 133
Conclusion 134
Chapter 7. Using Qualitative Methods 137
The Distinction between Qualitative and Quantitative Methods 137
Rationale for Using Qualitative Methods 139
Validity Issues in Qualitative Data 140
Application of Qualitative Methods 141
Open-Ended Questions on Surveys 141
In-Depth Unstructured Interviews 143
Medical/Social Service Records 146
Self-Report Diary 146
Vignettes 148
Observational Measures 149
Ethnographic Methods 150
Group Methods 153
Focus Groups 156
Managing and Analyzing Qualitative Data 164
Analytic Methods 165
Other Issues in Data Analysis 174
Within-Case versus Cross-Case Analysis 174
Quantification of Qualitative Data 175
Analysis of Focus Group Data 176
Conclusion 177
Chapter 8. Applying Theory to HIV Prevention Interventions 179
Integrating Theory and Practice 179
Theory as a Basis for HIV Intervention 180
Theories and Models of Health-Related Behavior 181
Individual-Level Cognitive Models and Theories 181
Stage Models 189
Community Level 194
Directions for Future Theory Development 202
Conclusion 204
Chapter 9. Evaluating Individual-Level and Community-Level
Interventions 205
Planning for the Evaluation of an Intervention 205
Social Marketing 207
Contents xv
Enrollment and Retention: Using Incentives to Recruit and Retain Subjects in
Interventions 209
Advantages 209
Disadvantages 211
Individual- versus Community-Level Interventions 211
Community-Level Interventions versus Community-Level Evaluation 214
Intervention Modalities 214
Individual-Level Interventions 215
Community-Level Interventions 235
Conclusion 253
Chapter 10. Conclusion 255
Program Development: A Multidisciplinary Approach 255
Program Implementation: A Question of Replicability 256
Evaluation 256
Dissemination of Results 258
The Future of HIV/AIDS Research 258
References 261
Recommended Readings 279
About the Authors 281
Author Index 283
Subject Index 289
|
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| spelling | Mantell, Joanne E. Verfasser aut Evaluating HIV prevention interventions Joanne E. Mantell ; Anthony T. DiVittis ; Marilyn I. Auerbach New York [u.a.] Plenum Press 1997 XV, 295 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier AIDS prevention and mental health DiVittis, Anthony T. Verfasser aut Auerbach, Marilyn I. Verfasser aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=019730585&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Mantell, Joanne E. DiVittis, Anthony T. Auerbach, Marilyn I. Evaluating HIV prevention interventions |
| title | Evaluating HIV prevention interventions |
| title_auth | Evaluating HIV prevention interventions |
| title_exact_search | Evaluating HIV prevention interventions |
| title_full | Evaluating HIV prevention interventions Joanne E. Mantell ; Anthony T. DiVittis ; Marilyn I. Auerbach |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating HIV prevention interventions Joanne E. Mantell ; Anthony T. DiVittis ; Marilyn I. Auerbach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating HIV prevention interventions Joanne E. Mantell ; Anthony T. DiVittis ; Marilyn I. Auerbach |
| title_short | Evaluating HIV prevention interventions |
| title_sort | evaluating hiv prevention interventions |
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