Central venous catheters

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Veröffentlicht: Chichester Wiley 2009
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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text Contents Contributors xi Preface xiii 1 The history of central venous access 1 J.L. Peters Introduction 1 The origins of venous access 1 Venous access and the development of parenteral nutrition 5 Venous access and chemotherapy 8 Routes of insertion 9 Percutaneous infraclavicular subclavian vein catheterisation 9 A supraclavicular approach to subclavian vein catheterisation 9 Conclusion 10 2 Applied anatomy of the central veins 14 Jonathan Chantler Introduction 14 What is a central vein? 14 Routes of access to a central vein 19 Anatomical variations of central veins 19 Where should the catheter tip lie? 23 Microanatomy 26 Adjacent structures 26 Choosing the best approach to the best vein 28 The best approach 31 Conclusion 32 3 Patient examination and assessment: choice of devices 34 Helen Hamilton Introduction 34 Information and informed consent 35 Choice of anaesthetic techniques 36 Physical examination and assessment 36 Vascular assessment 37 Cardiovascular 39 Infection issues 43 Radiological assessment 45 Laboratory assessments 46 Conclusion 54 I I vi Contents ; 4 Catheter design and materials 57 Fiona Ives Introduction 57 Material differences 57 Thrombosis: the relative risks between materials 58 Infection 58 Catheter design 59 Insertion techniques 61 Needle design 62 Catheter size 63 Common types of catheters 64 Tunnelled cuffed catheters 69 Apheresis and Haemodialysis catheters 71 Totally implanted ports 71 Anchorage devices 71 Conclusion 75 5 Cannulation of the jugular veins 78 Catherine Farrow, Andrew R. Bodenham and Julian Millo Introduction 78 The internal jugular vein 78 Applied anatomy of the IJV 78 Insertion techniques 82 Basic technique for IJV cannulation 84 Specific considerations 86 Factors influencing success 87 Complications 87 The external jugular vein 89 Conclusions 90 6 Venous access via the femoral vein 92 Andrew Gratrix and Andrew R. Bodenham Introduction 92 Anatomy of the femoral vein 92 Use of the femoral vein 94 Vascular access devices for the femoral approach 94 Landmark technique 95 Use of ultrasound 95 Technical considerations 96 Temporary use of the femoral vein 96 Long-term use of the femoral vein 98 Catheter tip position 98 Advantages and disadvantages of femoral venous access 99 Removal 100 Conclusion 100 i Contents vii 7 Central venous access via the subdavian and axillary veins 101 Simon Galloway and Andrew R. Bodenham Introduction 101 Applied anatomy 101 Insertion techniques 107 Conclusion 112 8 Peripherally inserted central catheters 114 Nancy Moureau and Janice Gabriel Introduction 114 Objectives 114 Peripherally inserted central catheters 114 Midline catheters 115 Patient assessment 115 Selection of patients 117 Benefits of PICCs 119 Consent and patient information 120 Measurements 120 Insertion procedures 120 Ultrasound 121 Power injection 122 Catheter rupture/damage 122 Conclusion 122 Appendix 123 9 Ultrasound-guided venous access 127 Andrew R. Bodenham Introduction 127 Rationale for the use of ultrasound 128 Limitations of ultrasound guidance 129 What is the evidence that ultrasound is helpful? 131 Ultrasound probe selection 132 Applied ultrasound anatomy 133 Verification of needle-tip placement 139 Conclusion 140 10 The role of diagnostic and interventional radiology in the placement and management of central venous catheters 142 Dinuke R. Warakaulle and Jane Phillips-Hughes Introduction 142 Imaging modalities 142 Imaging venous anatomy 143 Image-guided CVC placement 144 Management of CVC-related complications: the radiologist s role 149 Conclusion 155 viii Contents 11 Problems and practical solutions during insertion of catheters 157 i Cathy Hartley-Jones Needlephobia 157 Symptom management 158 Confused patients 160 Respiratory disease 160 Coughing 161 Snoring 161 Cardiovascular disease 162 Venous stenosis 162 Problems with venous access 163 Needles 168 Arterial puncture 170 Problems with tunnelling catheters 171 Port insertion 171 Conclusion 173 12 Complications of central venous access 175 Andrew R. Bodenham and Liz Simcock Introduction 175 Pneumothorax 175 Air embolism 177 Pleural effusions 179 Arterial puncture/catheterisation 181 Great vein perforation 185 Damage to other neighbouring structures 187 Cardiac arrhythmias 188 Catheter-related sepsis 190 Catheter-related vein thrombosis 192 Mechanical phlebitis 195 Incorrect catheter tip position 196 Embolised, fractured or irretrievable guidewires and catheters 198 Extravasation injury 201 Conclusion 201 13 The pathogenesis and prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections 206 T.S.J. Elliott Introduction 206 Types of intravascular catheter-related infections 206 Sources of microorganisms resulting in catheter-related infections 207 Development of catheter-related sepsis 209 Causative microorganisms of catheter-related infections 209 Prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections 210 Conclusion 215 i Contents ix 14 Aftercare and management of central venous access devices 221 Liz Bishop Introduction 221 Immediate patient care post-catheter insertion 222 Long-term care of CVADs 223 Conclusion 234 15 Removal of central venous access devices 238 Sarah Drewett Introduction 238 Assessment of patients before removal 238 Positioning and breathing during CVC removal 241 Basic principles for removal of any CVC 241 Complications of removal 242 Removal procedures 243 Conclusion 246 Index 249
adam_txt Contents Contributors xi Preface xiii 1 The history of central venous access 1 J.L. Peters Introduction 1 The origins of venous access 1 Venous access and the development of parenteral nutrition 5 Venous access and chemotherapy 8 Routes of insertion 9 Percutaneous infraclavicular subclavian vein catheterisation 9 A supraclavicular approach to subclavian vein catheterisation 9 Conclusion 10 2 Applied anatomy of the central veins 14 Jonathan Chantler Introduction 14 What is a central vein? 14 Routes of access to a central vein 19 Anatomical variations of central veins 19 Where should the catheter tip lie? 23 Microanatomy 26 Adjacent structures 26 Choosing the best approach to the best vein 28 The best approach 31 Conclusion 32 3 Patient examination and assessment: choice of devices 34 Helen Hamilton Introduction 34 Information and informed consent 35 Choice of anaesthetic techniques 36 Physical examination and assessment 36 Vascular assessment 37 Cardiovascular 39 Infection issues 43 Radiological assessment 45 Laboratory assessments 46 Conclusion 54 I I vi Contents ; 4 Catheter design and materials 57 Fiona Ives Introduction 57 Material differences 57 Thrombosis: the relative risks between materials 58 Infection 58 Catheter design 59 Insertion techniques 61 Needle design 62 Catheter size 63 Common types of catheters 64 Tunnelled cuffed catheters 69 Apheresis and Haemodialysis catheters 71 Totally implanted ports 71 Anchorage devices 71 Conclusion 75 5 Cannulation of the jugular veins 78 Catherine Farrow, Andrew R. Bodenham and Julian Millo Introduction 78 The internal jugular vein 78 Applied anatomy of the IJV 78 Insertion techniques 82 Basic technique for IJV cannulation 84 Specific considerations 86 Factors influencing success 87 Complications 87 The external jugular vein 89 Conclusions 90 6 Venous access via the femoral vein 92 Andrew Gratrix and Andrew R. Bodenham Introduction 92 Anatomy of the femoral vein 92 Use of the femoral vein 94 Vascular access devices for the femoral approach 94 Landmark technique 95 Use of ultrasound 95 Technical considerations 96 Temporary use of the femoral vein 96 Long-term use of the femoral vein 98 Catheter tip position 98 Advantages and disadvantages of femoral venous access 99 Removal 100 Conclusion 100 i Contents vii 7 Central venous access via the subdavian and axillary veins 101 Simon Galloway and Andrew R. Bodenham Introduction 101 Applied anatomy 101 Insertion techniques 107 Conclusion 112 8 Peripherally inserted central catheters 114 Nancy Moureau and Janice Gabriel Introduction 114 Objectives 114 Peripherally inserted central catheters 114 Midline catheters 115 Patient assessment 115 Selection of patients 117 Benefits of PICCs 119 Consent and patient information 120 Measurements 120 Insertion procedures 120 Ultrasound 121 Power injection 122 Catheter rupture/damage 122 Conclusion 122 Appendix 123 9 Ultrasound-guided venous access 127 Andrew R. Bodenham Introduction 127 Rationale for the use of ultrasound 128 Limitations of ultrasound guidance 129 What is the evidence that ultrasound is helpful? 131 Ultrasound probe selection 132 Applied ultrasound anatomy 133 Verification of needle-tip placement 139 Conclusion 140 10 The role of diagnostic and interventional radiology in the placement and management of central venous catheters 142 Dinuke R. Warakaulle and Jane Phillips-Hughes Introduction 142 Imaging modalities 142 Imaging venous anatomy 143 Image-guided CVC placement 144 Management of CVC-related complications: the radiologist's role 149 Conclusion 155 viii Contents 11 Problems and practical solutions during insertion of catheters 157 i Cathy Hartley-Jones Needlephobia 157 Symptom management 158 Confused patients 160 \ Respiratory disease 160 Coughing 161 Snoring 161 Cardiovascular disease 162 Venous stenosis 162 Problems with venous access 163 Needles 168 Arterial puncture 170 Problems with tunnelling catheters 171 Port insertion 171 Conclusion 173 12 Complications of central venous access 175 Andrew R. Bodenham and Liz Simcock Introduction 175 Pneumothorax 175 Air embolism 177 Pleural effusions 179 Arterial puncture/catheterisation 181 Great vein perforation 185 Damage to other neighbouring structures 187 Cardiac arrhythmias 188 Catheter-related sepsis 190 Catheter-related vein thrombosis 192 Mechanical phlebitis 195 Incorrect catheter tip position 196 Embolised, fractured or irretrievable guidewires and catheters 198 Extravasation injury 201 Conclusion 201 13 The pathogenesis and prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections 206 T.S.J. Elliott Introduction 206 Types of intravascular catheter-related infections 206 Sources of microorganisms resulting in catheter-related infections 207 Development of catheter-related sepsis 209 Causative microorganisms of catheter-related infections 209 Prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections 210 Conclusion 215 i Contents ix 14 Aftercare and management of central venous access devices 221 Liz Bishop Introduction 221 Immediate patient care post-catheter insertion 222 Long-term care of CVADs 223 Conclusion 234 15 Removal of central venous access devices 238 Sarah Drewett Introduction 238 Assessment of patients before removal 238 Positioning and breathing during CVC removal 241 Basic principles for removal of any CVC 241 Complications of removal 242 Removal procedures 243 Conclusion 246 Index 249
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spelling Central venous catheters ed. by Helen Hamilton ...
1. publ.
Chichester Wiley 2009
XII, 253 S.
txt rdacontent
n rdamedia
nc rdacarrier
Blood-vessels Cutdown
Catheterization, Central Venous
Intravenous catheterization
Nursing
Venenkatheter (DE-588)4277497-4 gnd rswk-swf
Venenkatheter (DE-588)4277497-4 s
DE-604
Hamilton, Helen 1944- Sonstige (DE-588)109999754 oth
HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016586445&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle Central venous catheters
Blood-vessels Cutdown
Catheterization, Central Venous
Intravenous catheterization
Nursing
Venenkatheter (DE-588)4277497-4 gnd
subject_GND (DE-588)4277497-4
title Central venous catheters
title_auth Central venous catheters
title_exact_search Central venous catheters
title_exact_search_txtP Central venous catheters
title_full Central venous catheters ed. by Helen Hamilton ...
title_fullStr Central venous catheters ed. by Helen Hamilton ...
title_full_unstemmed Central venous catheters ed. by Helen Hamilton ...
title_short Central venous catheters
title_sort central venous catheters
topic Blood-vessels Cutdown
Catheterization, Central Venous
Intravenous catheterization
Nursing
Venenkatheter (DE-588)4277497-4 gnd
topic_facet Blood-vessels Cutdown
Catheterization, Central Venous
Intravenous catheterization
Nursing
Venenkatheter
url http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016586445&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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