Handbook of digital human modeling research for applied ergonomics and human factors engineering
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| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Boca Raton, Fla. [u.a.]
CRC Press
2009
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| Schriftenreihe: | Human factors and ergonomics
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| 008 | 080717s2009 xxuad|| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 010 | |a 2008014185 | ||
| 020 | |a 9780805856460 |c hardcover : alk. paper |9 978-0-8058-5646-0 | ||
| 020 | |a 0805856463 |c hardcover : alk. paper |9 0-8058-5646-3 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)218190269 | ||
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| 084 | |a CW 9500 |0 (DE-625)19211: |2 rvk | ||
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Handbook of digital human modeling |b research for applied ergonomics and human factors engineering |c ed. by Vincent G. Duffy |
| 246 | 1 | 3 | |a Digital human modeling |
| 264 | 1 | |a Boca Raton, Fla. [u.a.] |b CRC Press |c 2009 | |
| 300 | |a Getr. Zählung |b zahlr. Ill. und graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Human factors and ergonomics | |
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Human engineering |v Handbooks, manuals, etc | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Digital computer simulation |v Handbooks, manuals, etc | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Human-machine systems |v Handbooks, manuals, etc | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Human mechanics |x Computer simulation |v Handbooks, manuals, etc | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Mensch-Maschine-System |0 (DE-588)4038662-4 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Bewegungsablauf |0 (DE-588)4145130-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Computersimulation |0 (DE-588)4148259-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Anthropotechnik |0 (DE-588)4142646-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Mensch |0 (DE-588)4038639-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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| 689 | 1 | 2 | |a Computersimulation |0 (DE-588)4148259-1 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | |C b |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Duffy, Vincent G. |e Sonstige |0 (DE-588)1074532864 |4 oth | |
| 856 | 4 | |u http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0827/2008014185-d.html |3 Publisher description | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804137783968661504 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Foreword
.................................................................................................................................................... xv
Preface
................................................................................................................................................................ xvii
Scientific Advisory Board
..................................................................................................................... xix
About the Editor
.................................................................................................................................... xxi
Contributors
............................................................................................................................................................ xxiii
Part
1
Foundations of Digital Human Modeling
1
Introduction
Vincente
Duffy
............................................................................................ 1-1
References
2
Some Requirements and Fundamental Issues in Digital Human
Modeling Don B. Chaffin
..................................................................................................... 2-1
Introduction
·
Why Use DHM Technologies to Meet Ergonomics Goals?
·
What
Conditions Today Are Influencing DHM Development?
·
What Organizational
and Technical Conditions May Be Inhibiting the Faster Adoption of DHM
Technologies?
·
What Are Some of the Technical Challenges to Improve Future
DHM Simulations?
·
Summary
·
References
3
A Scientific Perspective of Digital Human
Models: Past, Present, and Future
Heiner
Bubb and
Florian
Fritzsche
...................... 3-1
Introduction
·
An Overview of Historic Developments
·
Scanner-Based Modeling
•
The Five Lines of the DHM Development
·
Anthropométrie
Models
·
Models
for Production Design
·
Biomechanical Models
·
Anatomical Models
·
Cognitive
Models
·
Future Development
·
Conclusion
·
References
4
Historical Perspectives on Human Performance
Modeling Thomas B. Sheridan
............................................................................................ 4-1
Introduction
·
Feedback Control Models
·
Expected Value Decision
Models
·
Information Communication Models
·
Rule-Based Models
·
Some
Popular Qualitative Models Begging for Normative Quantification
·
References
5
Physics-Based Digital Human Modeling: Predictive Dynamics
Karim Abdel-Malek and Jasbir Arora
.................................................................................. 5-1
Introduction
·
Predicting Human Motion
·
Kinematics
·
Laws of Physics
—
Equations
of Motion
·
Cost Functions
·
Constraints
·
Optimization: An Efficient
Computational Framework
·
Applications of Predictive Dynamics
•
Conclusions
·
References
6
Workplace Methods and Use of Digital Human Models
Allison Stephens and Monica L. H. Jones
............................................................................. 6-1
Introduction
·
A Short History of Applied Ergonomics within Automotive
Manufacturing
·
Workflow Methods
·
Workflow Methods for Stand-Alone
DHM
·
Ergonomie
Specifications and Requirements
·
Future Direction
•
References
Vii
Contents
7
Virtual
Environments
and Digital Human Models
Thomas Alexander and Stephen R. Ellis
............................................................................... 7-1
Virtual Environments
·
Background and Basic Definitions
·
VE
Technologies
•
Related Human Factors Issues
·
Present Applications of VEs
·
Digital Human
Models within Virtual Environments
·
Short Outlook: Anthropomorphic Interaction
Agents
·
References
Part
2
Modeling Fundamentals
8
Methods, Models, and Technology for Lifting Biomechanics
Michael LaFiandra
.................................................................................................................. 8-1
Executive Summary
·
Introduction
·
Types of Models and Review of Current
Research
·
Team Lifting
·
Review of Current Software
·
Discussion
·
Concluding
Remarks
■
Appendices
·
References
9
Data-Based Human Motion Simulation Methods WoojinPark
.................................. 9-1
Abstract
·
Introduction
·
Data-Based Motion Simulation Methods
·
Functional
Regression Model for Reach Motion Prediction
·
Data-Driven Differential Inverse
Kinematics Model for Reach Prediction
·
Memory-Based Motion Simulation
Model
·
Data-Based Motion Simulation Method for
Ergonomie
Vehicle
Design
·
Memory-Based Posture Planning Model for Obstruction Avoidance
•
Summary and Future Directions
·
References
10
Computational Approaches in Digital Human Modeling Tim
Marier, Jasbir
Arora, Steve Beck, Jia
Lu,
Aninth Mathai, Amos Patrick, and Colby Swan
.................. 10-1
Introduction
·
Modeling the Human Form
·
Predicting Posture
·
Predicting
Dynamic Motion
·
Modeling Clothing
·
Modeling Physiology
·
Modeling
Muscles
·
Conclusions
·
References
11
Impact Simulation and Biomechanical Human Body Models
Riender
Happée
and
Jac
Wismans
........................................................................................ 11-1
Abstract
·
Introduction
·
Available Human Models
·
Applications
•
Outlook
·
References
12
Development of Hand Models for
Ergonomie
Applications Thomas J.
Armstrong, Jaewon Choi, and
Vinnie Ahuja
...................................................................... 12-1
Introduction
·
Ergonomics
·
The Hand
·
Hand Posture
·
Kinematic Hand Models
•
Posture Prediction: Multiple Joints Together
.
Posture and Object Placement
·
Object
Constraints
·
Finger Rotation and Hand Movement
·
Optimizing Object-Hand Fit
•
Three-Dimensional Models
·
Space Requirements
·
Biomechanical Models
•
Biomechanical Stresses
·
Summary
·
References
13
Foot Modeling and Footwear Development Ameersing Luximon
and Ravindra S. Goonetilleke
.............................................................................................. 13-1
Introduction
·
The Human Foot
.
Foot Variations
·
Shoe Manufacture
·
History
of Shoe Making
·
Shoe Lasts
·
Systems of Last Design
·
Shoe Sizing
·
Grading
Systems
·
Process of Shoe Making
·
Mass-Customized Shoes
·
Foot
Modeling
·
Conclusions
·
Acknowledgments
·
References
14
Shape and Size Analysis and Standards Afzal
Godii
and Sandy Ressler
................... 14-1
Introduction
·
Anthropométrie
Surveys
·
Military Personnel Surveys
·
Civilian
Surveys
·
CAESAR Database
·
SizeUK and Other
·
Tools for Size/Shape
Analysis
·
Compact Shape Descriptors of the
3D
Human Body
·
Shape Descriptors
for
3D
Human Body
·
Shape Descriptors Head Shape
·
Extended Gaussian Images
Descriptor
·
Standards
·
Conclusions and Future Trends
·
References
15
Modeling Response Time and Accuracy for Digital Humans Motonori
Yamaguchi and Robert W. Proctor
...................................................................................... 15-1
Introduction
·
Stage Analysis of the Cognitive System
·
Accumulation Models
of Response Times and Accuracy
·
Conclusion
·
Acknowledgments
·
References
Contents ix
16 Psychophysiology in Digital Human
Modeling
Richard W. Backs
and Wolfram Boucsein........................................................................................................... 16-1
The Case for
Psychophysiology in
Interactions with
Virtual
Agents
· DHM
and Physiology in Medicine and Related Fields
·
DHM and Psychophysiology
in Improving the Agent s Appearance
·
The Role of Emotions and Personality
in Virtual Humans
·
Application of Psychophysiology to DHM
•
References
17
Mathematical Models of Human Text Classification
Amirali
Noorinaeini
and Mark R. Lehto
................................................................................................................. 17-1
Abstract
·
Introduction
·
Text Mining Goals
·
Text Mining Methods
·
Text
Transformation
·
Mathematical Text-Mining Models
·
Bayesian Classifiers
•
Singular Value Decomposition
·
Regression Models
·
Summary
·
References
18
Modeling Task Administration Protocols for Human and Robot
Е
-Workers Hoo Sang
Ko
and Shimon Y. Nof
................................................................... 18-1
Abstract
·
Background
·
Significance
·
Coordination Theory and
Coordination Protocols
·
Design of Task Administration Protocols
·
Case Study:
Emergency Assignment by Human-Robot Team
·
Emerging Trends
and Challenges
·
References
19
Visualization, Perceptualization, and Data Rendering
Don Stredney and David S. Ebert
....................................................................................... 19-1
Abstract
·
Introduction
·
Methods
·
Results
·
Discussion
•
Acknowledgments
·
References
20
Computing Infrastructure and Methods for Visualizing Large-Scale
Dynamic Simulations Voicu Popescu and
Christoph
M.
Hoffman
.............................. 20-1
Introduction
·
Strategy and Realism
·
Example
·
Visualizing LS-DYNA Output
in 3DS MAX
·
Modeling the Surrounding Scene
·
Summary and
Conclusions
·
References
21
Multi-Objective Optimization for Short Duration Dynamic
Events Hongbing Fang and Ming Zhou
............................................................................. 21-1
Introduction
·
Metamodeling Methodologies
·
Polynomial Regression (PR)
•
Radial Basis Function (RBF)
·
Moving Least Square Regression (MLSR)
•
Responses of Short Duration Dynamic Events
·
Multi-Objective Optimization
•
Numerical Examples
·
Summary
·
References
22
Modeling the Role of Human Behaviors in a System-of-Systems
Daniel DeLaurentis
............................................................................................................... 22-1
Abstract
·
Introduction
·
SoS Traits and Sources of Complexity
·
Sources
of Complexity and Human Behaviors
·
Optimization
·
Methodology
Outline
·
Exploration-Oriented Solution Approach
·
Insights from Air
Transportation Example
·
Summary
·
References
23
Verification and Validation of Human Modeling Systems
Aernout Oudenhuijzen, Gregory
F. Zehner,
and Jeffrey A. Hudson
............................... 23-1
Introduction
·
Methods
·
Results
·
Discussion
·
Reach Task: Matched Reach
Successes and Misses, a Qualitative Comparison
·
HMSs Reach Misses versus Baseline
Misses, a Quantitative Comparison
·
Accommodation Task
·
Reverse Analysis
for Small Mannequins
·
Conclusions and Recommendations
·
References
Part
3
Evaluation and Analysis
24
Digital Human Modeling: Evaluation Tools
Dan Lämkull,
Cecilia
Berlin, and Roland
Örtengren
............................................................................................. 24-1
Introduction
·
Evaluation Tools
·
Anthropometry
·
Tools for Human
Performance and Cognition
·
Discussion
·
Acknowledgments
·
References
Contents
25
Discomfort
Evaluation and Motion
Measurement XuguangWang
........................ 25-1
Introduction
·
Comfort/Discomfort and Rating Methods
.
Methods for Modeling
Discomfort Associated with Motion
·
Concluding Remarks
·
References
26
Optimization in Design: A DHM Perspective Matthew B. Parkinson
.................... 26-1
Introduction
·
Motion Modeling and Posture Prediction
·
Environment and
Task Design
·
Layout Design
·
Product Design
·
Model Development
·
Solving
the Problem
·
Vehicle Packaging Example
·
Modeling Performance
·
Posing
the Problem
·
Limitations and Ongoing Work
·
Review Questions
·
Other
Resources
·
References
27
Ergonomics for Computer Usage Paris F. Stringfellow,
Sajay Sadasivan, andAnandK. Gramopadhye
................................................................. 27-1
The Computer Workstation
·
And Along Came the Computer
·
Office
Ergonomics: Benefits for People, Benefits for Business
·
What Influences Office
Ergonomics?
·
Office-Related CTDs
·
Computer-Related Injuries: Their Causes, Their
Fixes
· OSHA
Algorithm for Treatment of CTDs
·
Good Practices of Workspace
Design
·
Organizational Elements
· Ergonomie
Evaluation of the Computer
Workstation
·
Evaluation Methods
·
Evaluation Tools
·
Checklists
·
Discomfort
Questionnaires
·
Computer Modeling Programs
·
Integrated Performance Modeling
Environment (IPME)
·
DHM as Design Tool: Advantages and Disadvantages
•
Designing the Office of the Future
·
References
28
Workload Assessment Predictability for Digital Human Models
Jerzy Grobelny,
Rafal Michalskí, and
Waldemar Karwowski
......................................... 28-1
Introduction
·
A Case Study
·
Conclusions
·
Acknowledgments
·
References
29
Human Modeling and Simulation fingzhou Yang
........................................................ 29-1
Introduction
·
Modeling Human Kinematics
·
Model-Based versus
Data-Driven Approaches
·
Digital Humans for Workspace Evaluation
·
Dynamics
at a Glance
·
Summary
·
References
30
Statistical Methods for Human Motion Modeling Julian J. Faraway
...................... 30-1
Introduction
·
Univariate Curves
·
Registration
·
Curve Representation
•
Model Fitting
·
Effects of Predictors
·
Prediction
·
Variation within
and between Subjects
·
Modifications to the Response
·
Trajectories in
3D
•
Orientation Trajectories
·
Combining Elemental Models of Motion
•
Discussion
·
References
31
A Motion Simulation Tool for Automotive Interior Design
Gilles Monnier,
Xuguang Wang, and Jules Trasbot
....................................................................................... 31-1
Background of
Ergonomie
Simulation
·
Review of Motion Simulation
Approaches
·
Objectives of RPx
·
Application Examples
·
Discussion
and Conclusion
·
References
32
Human Performance: Evaluating the Cognitive Aspects Brian
F.Gore ................ 32-1
Introduction
·
Models of Human Performance
·
Integrated Model Example:
Man-Machine Integration Design and Analysis System (MIDAS)
·
Integrated
Model Development Process
·
Interpreting Complex Integrated
Models
·
Conclusion
·
Acknowledgments
·
References
33
Instrumentation in Support of Dynamic Digital Human
Modeling Douglas R. Morr, John F. Wiechel, and Sandra A.
Metzler......................... 33-1
Introduction
·
Kinematic Measurement
·
Stereometric Methods
•
Sound-Based Methods
·
Electromagnetic Systems
· Radiographic
Techniques
• Goniometrie
Systems/Methods
·
Inerţial
Sensing Systems
·
Kinetic
Measurement
·
External Loads
·
Internal Loads
·
Combined Methods
•
References
Contents xi
34 Instrumentation
for Evaluating Effective Human-Computer
System Design Jack T. Dennerlein and Peter W. Johnson
............................................. 34-1
Introduction
·
Defining Effective Human-Computer System Design
·
Integrated
Usage Monitors
·
Posture Congruency
·
Measuring Applied Forces and Muscle
Efforts
·
Psychophysics: Measuring Perceptions and Preferences
·
References
35
The Psychophysiology of Emotion, Arousal, and Personality:
Methods and Models Wolfram Boucsein and Richard W. Backs
................................. 35-1
Psychophysiological Measures
·
Measures of Central Nervous System Activity
•
Measures of Cardiorespiratory Activity
·
Measures of Electrodermal Activity
•
Measures of Somatomotor Activity
·
Measures of Body Temperature
·
Modeling of
Psychophysiological Systems
·
The Psychophysiology of Arousal
·
The Psychophysiology
of Emotion and Stress
·
The Psychophysiology of Personality
·
Summary
·
References
36
Biometrics Yingzi
Du ......................................................................................................... 36-1
Introduction
·
A Typical
Biometrie
System
·
Fingerprint Recognition
·
Face
Recognition
·
Iris Recognition
·
Voice Recognition
·
Other Biometrics
·
Soft
Biometrics
·
Multimoda] Biometrics
·
Trends
·
Conclusion
·
References
37
Data Mining and Its Applications in Digital Human Modeling YanLiu
............... 37-1
Introduction
·
Data Mining Process
·
Data-Mining Modeling Techniques
•
Applications of DM in DHM
·
Summary
·
References
38
Motion Capture and Human Motion Reconstruction Sergio Ausejo
andXuguang Wang
............................................................................................................... 38-1
Introduction
·
Data Collecting
·
Identification of Subject-Specific Parameters
•
Motion Reconstruction by IK Methods
·
Over-Guided Problems
·
Under-Guided
Problems
·
Concluding Remarks
·
References
39
The Use of Digital Human Models for Advanced Industrial
Applications Christina
Godin
and Jim Chiang
............................................................... 39-1
The Value of Digital Human Modeling for Industrial Ergonomics
·
Identify Modeling
Needs
·
Do the Benefits Offset the Cost?
·
Augmenting Digital Human Modeling
with Motion Capture Technology
·
Developing a Motion Capture/Virtual Reality (VR)
Laboratory
·
Tracking Systems
·
Optical, Active and Passive
·
Electromagnetic
•
Other Types of Tracking Systems
·
Data Gloves
·
Head-Mounted Displays
•
Power and Communications
·
Cost Breakdown
·
Hardware Evaluation
•
Ongoing Costs
·
Software Drivers
·
Space Considerations
·
Prop Considerations
•
Hardware Vendors
·
Digital Human Modeling and Motion Capture for Training
Applications
·
Refining the Use of Motion Capture and Digital Human Modeling for
Ergonomics in Manufacturing
·
References
Part
4
Applications
40
Digital Human Modeling in Automotive Product Applications Lars Hanson,
Dan
Högberg,
and
Arne Nåbo.............................................................................................
40-1
Introduction
·
DHM in the Vehicle Design Process
·
Work Process and
Organizational Issues
·
Case
1:
Seat Adjustment Range for a New Vehicle
Platform
·
Case
2:
Reachability Analysis for Cup Holder Location
·
Discussion
•
References
41
Inclusive Design for the Mobility Impaired J. Mark Porter,
Russ
Marshall,
Keith Case, Diane E. Gyi, Ruth
Б.
Sims, and Steve Summerskill
..................................... 41-1
Overview
·
Introduction
·
Problems with Percentiles
·
Our Approach
to Inclusive Design
·
Data Collection Issues
·
Development of a Personalized
Journey Planner
·
Concluding Remarks
·
References
xii Contents
42 Digital Human
Modeling
Automotive
Manufacturing
Applications Dan Lämkull, Roland
Örtengren, and Lennart Malmsköld.................
42-1
Introduction
·
The Main Reasons for the Use ofDHM Tools in the Automotive
Manufacturing Industry
·
Organizational and Work Process Aspects
·
Assessment
Tools for Ergonomics
·
A Simulation Case from Order to Final Presentation
•
References
43
Advanced Measurement Methods in Mining Dean H. Ambrose
.............................. 43-1
Introduction
·
Understanding the Mine Environment
·
Measuring in the Mine
Environment
·
Capturing Human Motion
·
DHM Technology Applications
in Mining
·
Using DHM to Depict Motion and Behavior Variation
·
Using
DHM to Determine Subject Response and Reach Envelopes
·
Virtual Human
Vision
·
Using DHM to Characterize Machine Designs and Controls of Mining
Equipment
·
Ergonomics Analysis: Using DHM to Illustrate Material Handling in the
Mine Environment
·
Choosing the Right DHM Software and Motion Capture Hardware
Systems
·
Looking to the Future
·
Mining Terms
·
References
44
Virtual Reality Training to Improve Human Performance Sajay Sadasivan,
Paris F. Stringfellow, and Anand K. Gramopadhye
......................................................... 44-1
Introduction
·
Need for Training
·
Application of Computer Technology to
Training
·
Modeling Effective Training
·
Training Simulator Design Process
·
Virtual
Reality Assessment
·
Applications of Virtual Reality for Training
·
Applications of VR
in Aviation
·
Applications ofVR in Health Care and Medicine
·
Applications of VR in
Manufacturing
·
References
45
Lab Testing and Field Testing in Digital Human Modeling
Tania Dukic
and Lars Hanson
............................................................................................. 45-1
Introduction
·
Vision Module: Visual Evaluation
·
Standardization
·
Field
Study
·
Laboratory Study
·
Implementing New Data Inside Digital Models,
or How to Close the Loop?
·
Conclusions
·
References
46
Networking Human Performance Models to Substantiate Human-Systems
Integration Jennifer McGovern Narkevicius, Timothy M.
Bagnali,
Robert A. Sargent, and John E. Owen
................................................................................. 46-1
Introduction
·
Human Systems Integration Overview
·
Systems
Engineering
·
Modeling: An Enabling Toolset
·
SEAPRINT Case Study
•
Imprint-Focus Client-Server Architecture
·
Integrated Simulation Results
•
References
47
Digital Modeling of Behaviors and Interactions in Teams
Barrett S. Caldwell
................................................................................................................. 47-1
Introduction
·
Definitions
·
What Needs to Be Modeled?
·
Model Parameters
for Group and Team DHM
·
Modeling Cultural Interactions
·
Expertise, Resource
Coordination, and Team Performance
·
Information Flow Efficiency and Coordinated
Task Performance
·
Future Research Needs and Summary
·
References
48
Digital Human Modeling for Palpatory Medical Training with
Haptic
Feedback Robert L. Williams II, John
N.
Howell, and Robert
R. Conatserjr.
....................................................................................................................... 48-1
Introduction
·
Literature Review
·
Case Study: The Virtual
Haptic
Back
(VHB)
·
Discussion
·
Summary
·
Acknowledgments
·
References
49
Health Care Delivery and Simulation Kathryn
Rapala
and Julie Cowan Novak
........................................................................................................ 49-1
Introduction
·
High-Reliability Organizations
·
Organizational Elements
Essential to Reach Reliability
·
Simulation
·
Simulation Conceptual Framework
•
Communication and Teamwork
·
Cost
·
Outcomes
·
Case Study: Purdue
University School of Nursing
·
Conclusion
·
Acknowledgments
•
References
Contents xiii
50
Modeling
Human
Physical Capability: Joint Strength and
Range ofMotion Laura
Frey
Law, Ting Xia, and Andrea Laake
................................. 50-1
Introduction
·
What Makes a Digital Model Human?
·
Overview of Muscle
Mechanics
·
Modeling Muscle Force
·
Modeling Joint Torque
·
Joint
Strength
·
Normative Strength Determination
·
Joint Range of Motion
•
Medical Applications
·
References
Part
5
Current Implementation and the Future of Digital Human Modeling
51
Impact of Digital Human Modeling on Military Human-Systems
Integration and Impact of the Military on Digital Human
Modeling John F. Lockett III and Susan Archer
................................................................ 51-1
Introduction
·
Human Figure Models
·
Task Models
·
Cognitive
Models
·
Information Flow Models
·
Integrated and Hybrid Models and Tools
•
Analysis
·
Analysis Approach
·
Application Issues
·
Case Studies
·
Light
Helicopter Experimental (LHX) and NBC Fox Operator Workload Analyses
•
The Future Combat System (FCS)
·
Brigade Staffing
·
Information Flow
•
CART Case Study
·
Maintenance Manpower
·
Decision Making
·
Workspace
Analysis Using Human Figure Models
·
Future Combat System (FCS): A Common
Approach
·
Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle
·
Comanche Helicopter
•
Stryker
·
Army Airborne Command and Control System (A2C2S)
·
Future
Challenges and Development
·
References
52
Advanced Human Modeling in Support of Military Systems Pierre
Meunier,
Brad Cain, and Mark Morrissey
......................................................................................... 52-1
Introduction
·
Digital Human Modeling in a Product Life Cycle Management
Environment
·
DHM Integration in PLM Tools
·
Expanding User Base of
DHMs
·
Enterprise-Wide Human Engineering
·
Systems Design
·
System
Performance Modeling
·
Empirical Methods
·
Modeling Goal-Directed Behavior
•
Basis for Modeling
·
IPME
·
Toward a More Complete Human Model
.
INSIGHT
.
References
53
Digital Human Modeling and Scanner-Based Anthropometry Jun-Ming
Lu
and Mao-Jiun Wang
........................................................................................................ 53-1
Introduction
·
Anthropométrie
Methods
· 3D
Scanning Technology for
Anthropometry
·
Scanning and Preparation Works
·
Landmarking
·
Data
Collection
·
Validity
·
Reliability
·
Sources of Errors
·
Anthropometry
Standards
·
Concluding Remarks
·
References
54
Digital Human Modeling Packages ZhizhongLi
......................................................... 54-1
Introduction
·
DHM Applications
·
Selection Strategies
·
Evaluation of DHM Packages
•
DHM Software
·
Limitations and Current Trends
·
Acknowledgments
•
Appendix
·
References
55
Modeling and Augmenting Cognition: Supporting Optimal Individual
Warfighter Human Performance Dylan D. Schmorrow, Peter
B. Muller,
David A. Kobus, Karl Van
Orden,
Leah Reeves, and Kelly A. Rossi
.............................. 55-1
Introduction
·
Background
·
Purpose
·
Infantry Modeling Challenges
•
Integrative
Components
·
Future Direction
·
References
56
Future Needs and Developments in Support of Computer-Based
Human Models Norman I. Badler and Jan M.
Allbeck................................................. 56-1
Introduction
·
Tools for Future Human Factors Analyses
·
Skin Shape and
Joint Motions
·
Human Motion Models
·
Specifying the Desired Tasks and
Analyses
·
Sensing and Reacting
·
Putting Together the Next Generation
of Digital Humans
·
Acknowledgments
·
References
Index
......................................................................................................................................................... 1-1
|
| adam_txt |
Contents
Foreword
. xv
Preface
. xvii
Scientific Advisory Board
. xix
About the Editor
. xxi
Contributors
. xxiii
Part
1
Foundations of Digital Human Modeling
1
Introduction
Vincente
Duffy
. 1-1
References
2
Some Requirements and Fundamental Issues in Digital Human
Modeling Don B. Chaffin
. 2-1
Introduction
·
Why Use DHM Technologies to Meet Ergonomics Goals?
·
What
Conditions Today Are Influencing DHM Development?
·
What Organizational
and Technical Conditions May Be Inhibiting the Faster Adoption of DHM
Technologies?
·
What Are Some of the Technical Challenges to Improve Future
DHM Simulations?
·
Summary
·
References
3
A Scientific Perspective of Digital Human
Models: Past, Present, and Future
Heiner
Bubb and
Florian
Fritzsche
. 3-1
Introduction
·
An Overview of Historic Developments
·
Scanner-Based Modeling
•
The Five Lines of the DHM Development
·
Anthropométrie
Models
·
Models
for Production Design
·
Biomechanical Models
·
Anatomical Models
·
Cognitive
Models
·
Future Development
·
Conclusion
·
References
4
Historical Perspectives on Human Performance
Modeling Thomas B. Sheridan
. 4-1
Introduction
·
Feedback Control Models
·
Expected Value Decision
Models
·
Information Communication Models
·
Rule-Based Models
·
Some
Popular Qualitative Models Begging for Normative Quantification
·
References
5
Physics-Based Digital Human Modeling: Predictive Dynamics
Karim Abdel-Malek and Jasbir Arora
. 5-1
Introduction
·
Predicting Human Motion
·
Kinematics
·
Laws of Physics
—
Equations
of Motion
·
Cost Functions
·
Constraints
·
Optimization: An Efficient
Computational Framework
·
Applications of Predictive Dynamics
•
Conclusions
·
References
6
Workplace Methods and Use of Digital Human Models
Allison Stephens and Monica L. H. Jones
. 6-1
Introduction
·
A Short History of Applied Ergonomics within Automotive
Manufacturing
·
Workflow Methods
·
Workflow Methods for Stand-Alone
DHM
·
Ergonomie
Specifications and Requirements
·
Future Direction
•
References
Vii
Contents
7
Virtual
Environments
and Digital Human Models
Thomas Alexander and Stephen R. Ellis
. 7-1
Virtual Environments
·
Background and Basic Definitions
·
VE
Technologies
•
Related Human Factors Issues
·
Present Applications of VEs
·
Digital Human
Models within Virtual Environments
·
Short Outlook: Anthropomorphic Interaction
Agents
·
References
Part
2
Modeling Fundamentals
8
Methods, Models, and Technology for Lifting Biomechanics
Michael LaFiandra
. 8-1
Executive Summary
·
Introduction
·
Types of Models and Review of Current
Research
·
Team Lifting
·
Review of Current Software
·
Discussion
·
Concluding
Remarks
■
Appendices
·
References
9
Data-Based Human Motion Simulation Methods WoojinPark
. 9-1
Abstract
·
Introduction
·
Data-Based Motion Simulation Methods
·
Functional
Regression Model for Reach Motion Prediction
·
Data-Driven Differential Inverse
Kinematics Model for Reach Prediction
·
Memory-Based Motion Simulation
Model
·
Data-Based Motion Simulation Method for
Ergonomie
Vehicle
Design
·
Memory-Based Posture Planning Model for Obstruction Avoidance
•
Summary and Future Directions
·
References
10
Computational Approaches in Digital Human Modeling Tim
Marier, Jasbir
Arora, Steve Beck, Jia
Lu,
Aninth Mathai, Amos Patrick, and Colby Swan
. 10-1
Introduction
·
Modeling the Human Form
·
Predicting Posture
·
Predicting
Dynamic Motion
·
Modeling Clothing
·
Modeling Physiology
·
Modeling
Muscles
·
Conclusions
·
References
11
Impact Simulation and Biomechanical Human Body Models
Riender
Happée
and
Jac
Wismans
. 11-1
Abstract
·
Introduction
·
Available Human Models
·
Applications
•
Outlook
·
References
12
Development of Hand Models for
Ergonomie
Applications Thomas J.
Armstrong, Jaewon Choi, and
Vinnie Ahuja
. 12-1
Introduction
·
Ergonomics
·
The Hand
·
Hand Posture
·
Kinematic Hand Models
•
Posture Prediction: Multiple Joints Together
.
Posture and Object Placement
·
Object
Constraints
·
Finger Rotation and Hand Movement
·
Optimizing Object-Hand Fit
•
Three-Dimensional Models
·
Space Requirements
·
Biomechanical Models
•
Biomechanical Stresses
·
Summary
·
References
13
Foot Modeling and Footwear Development Ameersing Luximon
and Ravindra S. Goonetilleke
. 13-1
Introduction
·
The Human Foot
.
Foot Variations
·
Shoe Manufacture
·
History
of Shoe Making
·
Shoe Lasts
·
Systems of Last Design
·
Shoe Sizing
·
Grading
Systems
·
Process of Shoe Making
·
Mass-Customized Shoes
·
Foot
Modeling
·
Conclusions
·
Acknowledgments
·
References
14
Shape and Size Analysis and Standards Afzal
Godii
and Sandy Ressler
. 14-1
Introduction
·
Anthropométrie
Surveys
·
Military Personnel Surveys
·
Civilian
Surveys
·
CAESAR Database
·
SizeUK and Other
·
Tools for Size/Shape
Analysis
·
Compact Shape Descriptors of the
3D
Human Body
·
Shape Descriptors
for
3D
Human Body
·
Shape Descriptors Head Shape
·
Extended Gaussian Images
Descriptor
·
Standards
·
Conclusions and Future Trends
·
References
15
Modeling Response Time and Accuracy for Digital Humans Motonori
Yamaguchi and Robert W. Proctor
. 15-1
Introduction
·
Stage Analysis of the Cognitive System
·
Accumulation Models
of Response Times and Accuracy
·
Conclusion
·
Acknowledgments
·
References
Contents ix
16 Psychophysiology in Digital Human
Modeling
Richard W. Backs
and Wolfram Boucsein. 16-1
The Case for
Psychophysiology in
Interactions with
Virtual
Agents
· DHM
and Physiology in Medicine and Related Fields
·
DHM and Psychophysiology
in Improving the Agent's Appearance
·
The Role of Emotions and Personality
in Virtual Humans
·
Application of Psychophysiology to DHM
•
References
17
Mathematical Models of Human Text Classification
Amirali
Noorinaeini
and Mark R. Lehto
. 17-1
Abstract
·
Introduction
·
Text Mining Goals
·
Text Mining Methods
·
Text
Transformation
·
Mathematical Text-Mining Models
·
Bayesian Classifiers
•
Singular Value Decomposition
·
Regression Models
·
Summary
·
References
18
Modeling Task Administration Protocols for Human and Robot
Е
-Workers Hoo Sang
Ko
and Shimon Y. Nof
. 18-1
Abstract
·
Background
·
Significance
·
Coordination Theory and
Coordination Protocols
·
Design of Task Administration Protocols
·
Case Study:
Emergency Assignment by Human-Robot Team
·
Emerging Trends
and Challenges
·
References
19
Visualization, Perceptualization, and Data Rendering
Don Stredney and David S. Ebert
. 19-1
Abstract
·
Introduction
·
Methods
·
Results
·
Discussion
•
Acknowledgments
·
References
20
Computing Infrastructure and Methods for Visualizing Large-Scale
Dynamic Simulations Voicu Popescu and
Christoph
M.
Hoffman
. 20-1
Introduction
·
Strategy and Realism
·
Example
·
Visualizing LS-DYNA Output
in 3DS MAX
·
Modeling the Surrounding Scene
·
Summary and
Conclusions
·
References
21
Multi-Objective Optimization for Short Duration Dynamic
Events Hongbing Fang and Ming Zhou
. 21-1
Introduction
·
Metamodeling Methodologies
·
Polynomial Regression (PR)
•
Radial Basis Function (RBF)
·
Moving Least Square Regression (MLSR)
•
Responses of Short Duration Dynamic Events
·
Multi-Objective Optimization
•
Numerical Examples
·
Summary
·
References
22
Modeling the Role of Human Behaviors in a System-of-Systems
Daniel DeLaurentis
. 22-1
Abstract
·
Introduction
·
SoS Traits and Sources of Complexity
·
Sources
of Complexity and Human Behaviors
·
Optimization
·
Methodology
Outline
·
Exploration-Oriented Solution Approach
·
Insights from Air
Transportation Example
·
Summary
·
References
23
Verification and Validation of Human Modeling Systems
Aernout Oudenhuijzen, Gregory
F. Zehner,
and Jeffrey A. Hudson
. 23-1
Introduction
·
Methods
·
Results
·
Discussion
·
Reach Task: Matched Reach
Successes and Misses, a Qualitative Comparison
·
HMSs Reach Misses versus Baseline
Misses, a Quantitative Comparison
·
Accommodation Task
·
Reverse Analysis
for Small Mannequins
·
Conclusions and Recommendations
·
References
Part
3
Evaluation and Analysis
24
Digital Human Modeling: Evaluation Tools
Dan Lämkull,
Cecilia
Berlin, and Roland
Örtengren
. 24-1
Introduction
·
Evaluation Tools
·
Anthropometry
·
Tools for Human
Performance and Cognition
·
Discussion
·
Acknowledgments
·
References
Contents
25
Discomfort
Evaluation and Motion
Measurement XuguangWang
. 25-1
Introduction
·
Comfort/Discomfort and Rating Methods
.
Methods for Modeling
Discomfort Associated with Motion
·
Concluding Remarks
·
References
26
Optimization in Design: A DHM Perspective Matthew B. Parkinson
. 26-1
Introduction
·
Motion Modeling and Posture Prediction
·
Environment and
Task Design
·
Layout Design
·
Product Design
·
Model Development
·
Solving
the Problem
·
Vehicle Packaging Example
·
Modeling Performance
·
Posing
the Problem
·
Limitations and Ongoing Work
·
Review Questions
·
Other
Resources
·
References
27
Ergonomics for Computer Usage Paris F. Stringfellow,
Sajay Sadasivan, andAnandK. Gramopadhye
. 27-1
The Computer Workstation
·
And Along Came the Computer
·
Office
Ergonomics: Benefits for People, Benefits for Business
·
What Influences Office
Ergonomics?
·
Office-Related CTDs
·
Computer-Related Injuries: Their Causes, Their
Fixes
· OSHA
Algorithm for Treatment of CTDs
·
Good Practices of Workspace
Design
·
Organizational Elements
· Ergonomie
Evaluation of the Computer
Workstation
·
Evaluation Methods
·
Evaluation Tools
·
Checklists
·
Discomfort
Questionnaires
·
Computer Modeling Programs
·
Integrated Performance Modeling
Environment (IPME)
·
DHM as Design Tool: Advantages and Disadvantages
•
Designing the Office of the Future
·
References
28
Workload Assessment Predictability for Digital Human Models
Jerzy Grobelny,
Rafal Michalskí, and
Waldemar Karwowski
. 28-1
Introduction
·
A Case Study
·
Conclusions
·
Acknowledgments
·
References
29
Human Modeling and Simulation fingzhou Yang
. 29-1
Introduction
·
Modeling Human Kinematics
·
Model-Based versus
Data-Driven Approaches
·
Digital Humans for Workspace Evaluation
·
Dynamics
at a Glance
·
Summary
·
References
30
Statistical Methods for Human Motion Modeling Julian J. Faraway
. 30-1
Introduction
·
Univariate Curves
·
Registration
·
Curve Representation
•
Model Fitting
·
Effects of Predictors
·
Prediction
·
Variation within
and between Subjects
·
Modifications to the Response
·
Trajectories in
3D
•
Orientation Trajectories
·
Combining Elemental Models of Motion
•
Discussion
·
References
31
A Motion Simulation Tool for Automotive Interior Design
Gilles Monnier,
Xuguang Wang, and Jules Trasbot
. 31-1
Background of
Ergonomie
Simulation
·
Review of Motion Simulation
Approaches
·
Objectives of RPx
·
Application Examples
·
Discussion
and Conclusion
·
References
32
Human Performance: Evaluating the Cognitive Aspects Brian
F.Gore . 32-1
Introduction
·
Models of Human Performance
·
Integrated Model Example:
Man-Machine Integration Design and Analysis System (MIDAS)
·
Integrated
Model Development Process
·
Interpreting Complex Integrated
Models
·
Conclusion
·
Acknowledgments
·
References
33
Instrumentation in Support of Dynamic Digital Human
Modeling Douglas R. Morr, John F. Wiechel, and Sandra A.
Metzler. 33-1
Introduction
·
Kinematic Measurement
·
Stereometric Methods
•
Sound-Based Methods
·
Electromagnetic Systems
· Radiographic
Techniques
• Goniometrie
Systems/Methods
·
Inerţial
Sensing Systems
·
Kinetic
Measurement
·
External Loads
·
Internal Loads
·
Combined Methods
•
References
Contents xi
34 Instrumentation
for Evaluating Effective Human-Computer
System Design Jack T. Dennerlein and Peter W. Johnson
. 34-1
Introduction
·
Defining Effective Human-Computer System Design
·
Integrated
Usage Monitors
·
Posture Congruency
·
Measuring Applied Forces and Muscle
Efforts
·
Psychophysics: Measuring Perceptions and Preferences
·
References
35
The Psychophysiology of Emotion, Arousal, and Personality:
Methods and Models Wolfram Boucsein and Richard W. Backs
. 35-1
Psychophysiological Measures
·
Measures of Central Nervous System Activity
•
Measures of Cardiorespiratory Activity
·
Measures of Electrodermal Activity
•
Measures of Somatomotor Activity
·
Measures of Body Temperature
·
Modeling of
Psychophysiological Systems
·
The Psychophysiology of Arousal
·
The Psychophysiology
of Emotion and Stress
·
The Psychophysiology of Personality
·
Summary
·
References
36
Biometrics Yingzi
Du . 36-1
Introduction
·
A Typical
Biometrie
System
·
Fingerprint Recognition
·
Face
Recognition
·
Iris Recognition
·
Voice Recognition
·
Other Biometrics
·
Soft
Biometrics
·
Multimoda] Biometrics
·
Trends
·
Conclusion
·
References
37
Data Mining and Its Applications in Digital Human Modeling YanLiu
. 37-1
Introduction
·
Data Mining Process
·
Data-Mining Modeling Techniques
•
Applications of DM in DHM
·
Summary
·
References
38
Motion Capture and Human Motion Reconstruction Sergio Ausejo
andXuguang Wang
. 38-1
Introduction
·
Data Collecting
·
Identification of Subject-Specific Parameters
•
Motion Reconstruction by IK Methods
·
Over-Guided Problems
·
Under-Guided
Problems
·
Concluding Remarks
·
References
39
The Use of Digital Human Models for Advanced Industrial
Applications Christina
Godin
and Jim Chiang
. 39-1
The Value of Digital Human Modeling for Industrial Ergonomics
·
Identify Modeling
Needs
·
Do the Benefits Offset the Cost?
·
Augmenting Digital Human Modeling
with Motion Capture Technology
·
Developing a Motion Capture/Virtual Reality (VR)
Laboratory
·
Tracking Systems
·
Optical, Active and Passive
·
Electromagnetic
•
Other Types of Tracking Systems
·
Data Gloves
·
Head-Mounted Displays
•
Power and Communications
·
Cost Breakdown
·
Hardware Evaluation
•
Ongoing Costs
·
Software Drivers
·
Space Considerations
·
Prop Considerations
•
Hardware Vendors
·
Digital Human Modeling and Motion Capture for Training
Applications
·
Refining the Use of Motion Capture and Digital Human Modeling for
Ergonomics in Manufacturing
·
References
Part
4
Applications
40
Digital Human Modeling in Automotive Product Applications Lars Hanson,
Dan
Högberg,
and
Arne Nåbo.
40-1
Introduction
·
DHM in the Vehicle Design Process
·
Work Process and
Organizational Issues
·
Case
1:
Seat Adjustment Range for a New Vehicle
Platform
·
Case
2:
Reachability Analysis for Cup Holder Location
·
Discussion
•
References
41
Inclusive Design for the Mobility Impaired J. Mark Porter,
Russ
Marshall,
Keith Case, Diane E. Gyi, Ruth
Б.
Sims, and Steve Summerskill
. 41-1
Overview
·
Introduction
·
Problems with Percentiles
·
Our Approach
to Inclusive Design
·
Data Collection Issues
·
Development of a Personalized
Journey Planner
·
Concluding Remarks
·
References
xii Contents
42 Digital Human
Modeling
Automotive
Manufacturing
Applications Dan Lämkull, Roland
Örtengren, and Lennart Malmsköld.
42-1
Introduction
·
The Main Reasons for the Use ofDHM Tools in the Automotive
Manufacturing Industry
·
Organizational and Work Process Aspects
·
Assessment
Tools for Ergonomics
·
A Simulation Case from Order to Final Presentation
•
References
43
Advanced Measurement Methods in Mining Dean H. Ambrose
. 43-1
Introduction
·
Understanding the Mine Environment
·
"Measuring" in the Mine
Environment
·
Capturing Human Motion
·
DHM Technology Applications
in Mining
·
Using DHM to Depict Motion and Behavior Variation
·
Using
DHM to Determine Subject Response and Reach Envelopes
·
Virtual Human
Vision
·
Using DHM to Characterize Machine Designs and Controls of Mining
Equipment
·
Ergonomics Analysis: Using DHM to Illustrate Material Handling in the
Mine Environment
·
Choosing the Right DHM Software and Motion Capture Hardware
Systems
·
Looking to the Future
·
Mining Terms
·
References
44
Virtual Reality Training to Improve Human Performance Sajay Sadasivan,
Paris F. Stringfellow, and Anand K. Gramopadhye
. 44-1
Introduction
·
Need for Training
·
Application of Computer Technology to
Training
·
Modeling Effective Training
·
Training Simulator Design Process
·
Virtual
Reality Assessment
·
Applications of Virtual Reality for Training
·
Applications of VR
in Aviation
·
Applications ofVR in Health Care and Medicine
·
Applications of VR in
Manufacturing
·
References
45
Lab Testing and Field Testing in Digital Human Modeling
Tania Dukic
and Lars Hanson
. 45-1
Introduction
·
Vision Module: Visual Evaluation
·
Standardization
·
Field
Study
·
Laboratory Study
·
Implementing New Data Inside Digital Models,
or How to Close the Loop?
·
Conclusions
·
References
46
Networking Human Performance Models to Substantiate Human-Systems
Integration Jennifer McGovern Narkevicius, Timothy M.
Bagnali,
Robert A. Sargent, and John E. Owen
. 46-1
Introduction
·
Human Systems Integration Overview
·
Systems
Engineering
·
Modeling: An Enabling Toolset
·
SEAPRINT Case Study
•
Imprint-Focus Client-Server Architecture
·
Integrated Simulation Results
•
References
47
Digital Modeling of Behaviors and Interactions in Teams
Barrett S. Caldwell
. 47-1
Introduction
·
Definitions
·
What Needs to Be Modeled?
·
Model Parameters
for Group and Team DHM
·
Modeling Cultural Interactions
·
Expertise, Resource
Coordination, and Team Performance
·
Information Flow Efficiency and Coordinated
Task Performance
·
Future Research Needs and Summary
·
References
48
Digital Human Modeling for Palpatory Medical Training with
Haptic
Feedback Robert L. Williams II, John
N.
Howell, and Robert
R. Conatserjr.
. 48-1
Introduction
·
Literature Review
·
Case Study: The Virtual
Haptic
Back
(VHB)
·
Discussion
·
Summary
·
Acknowledgments
·
References
49
Health Care Delivery and Simulation Kathryn
Rapala
and Julie Cowan Novak
. 49-1
Introduction
·
High-Reliability Organizations
·
Organizational Elements
Essential to Reach Reliability
·
Simulation
·
Simulation Conceptual Framework
•
Communication and Teamwork
·
Cost
·
Outcomes
·
Case Study: Purdue
University School of Nursing
·
Conclusion
·
Acknowledgments
•
References
Contents xiii
50
Modeling
Human
Physical Capability: Joint Strength and
Range ofMotion Laura
Frey
Law, Ting Xia, and Andrea Laake
. 50-1
Introduction
·
What Makes a Digital Model Human?
·
Overview of Muscle
Mechanics
·
Modeling Muscle Force
·
Modeling Joint Torque
·
Joint
Strength
·
Normative Strength Determination
·
Joint Range of Motion
•
Medical Applications
·
References
Part
5
Current Implementation and the Future of Digital Human Modeling
51
Impact of Digital Human Modeling on Military Human-Systems
Integration and Impact of the Military on Digital Human
Modeling John F. Lockett III and Susan Archer
. 51-1
Introduction
·
Human Figure Models
·
Task Models
·
Cognitive
Models
·
Information Flow Models
·
Integrated and Hybrid Models and Tools
•
Analysis
·
Analysis Approach
·
Application Issues
·
Case Studies
·
Light
Helicopter Experimental (LHX) and NBC Fox Operator Workload Analyses
•
The Future Combat System (FCS)
·
Brigade Staffing
·
Information Flow
•
CART Case Study
·
Maintenance Manpower
·
Decision Making
·
Workspace
Analysis Using Human Figure Models
·
Future Combat System (FCS): A Common
Approach
·
Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle
·
Comanche Helicopter
•
Stryker
·
Army Airborne Command and Control System (A2C2S)
·
Future
Challenges and Development
·
References
52
Advanced Human Modeling in Support of Military Systems Pierre
Meunier,
Brad Cain, and Mark Morrissey
. 52-1
Introduction
·
Digital Human Modeling in a Product Life Cycle Management
Environment
·
DHM Integration in PLM Tools
·
Expanding User Base of
DHMs
·
Enterprise-Wide Human Engineering
·
Systems Design
·
System
Performance Modeling
·
Empirical Methods
·
Modeling Goal-Directed Behavior
•
Basis for Modeling
·
IPME
·
Toward a More Complete Human Model
.
INSIGHT
.
References
53
Digital Human Modeling and Scanner-Based Anthropometry Jun-Ming
Lu
and Mao-Jiun Wang
. 53-1
Introduction
·
Anthropométrie
Methods
· 3D
Scanning Technology for
Anthropometry
·
Scanning and Preparation Works
·
Landmarking
·
Data
Collection
·
Validity
·
Reliability
·
Sources of Errors
·
Anthropometry
Standards
·
Concluding Remarks
·
References
54
Digital Human Modeling Packages ZhizhongLi
. 54-1
Introduction
·
DHM Applications
·
Selection Strategies
·
Evaluation of DHM Packages
•
DHM Software
·
Limitations and Current Trends
·
Acknowledgments
•
Appendix
·
References
55
Modeling and Augmenting Cognition: Supporting Optimal Individual
Warfighter Human Performance Dylan D. Schmorrow, Peter
B. Muller,
David A. Kobus, Karl Van
Orden,
Leah Reeves, and Kelly A. Rossi
. 55-1
Introduction
·
Background
·
Purpose
·
Infantry Modeling Challenges
•
Integrative
Components
·
Future Direction
·
References
56
Future Needs and Developments in Support of Computer-Based
Human Models Norman I. Badler and Jan M.
Allbeck. 56-1
Introduction
·
Tools for Future Human Factors Analyses
·
Skin Shape and
Joint Motions
·
Human Motion Models
·
Specifying the Desired Tasks and
Analyses
·
Sensing and Reacting
·
Putting Together the Next Generation
of Digital Humans
·
Acknowledgments
·
References
Index
. 1-1 |
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| spelling | Handbook of digital human modeling research for applied ergonomics and human factors engineering ed. by Vincent G. Duffy Digital human modeling Boca Raton, Fla. [u.a.] CRC Press 2009 Getr. Zählung zahlr. Ill. und graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Human factors and ergonomics Includes bibliographical references and index Human engineering Handbooks, manuals, etc Digital computer simulation Handbooks, manuals, etc Human-machine systems Handbooks, manuals, etc Human mechanics Computer simulation Handbooks, manuals, etc Mensch-Maschine-System (DE-588)4038662-4 gnd rswk-swf Bewegungsablauf (DE-588)4145130-2 gnd rswk-swf Computersimulation (DE-588)4148259-1 gnd rswk-swf Anthropotechnik (DE-588)4142646-0 gnd rswk-swf Mensch (DE-588)4038639-9 gnd rswk-swf Mensch-Maschine-System (DE-588)4038662-4 s Anthropotechnik (DE-588)4142646-0 s DE-604 Mensch (DE-588)4038639-9 s Bewegungsablauf (DE-588)4145130-2 s Computersimulation (DE-588)4148259-1 s b DE-604 Duffy, Vincent G. Sonstige (DE-588)1074532864 oth http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0827/2008014185-d.html Publisher description Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016583889&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Handbook of digital human modeling research for applied ergonomics and human factors engineering Human engineering Handbooks, manuals, etc Digital computer simulation Handbooks, manuals, etc Human-machine systems Handbooks, manuals, etc Human mechanics Computer simulation Handbooks, manuals, etc Mensch-Maschine-System (DE-588)4038662-4 gnd Bewegungsablauf (DE-588)4145130-2 gnd Computersimulation (DE-588)4148259-1 gnd Anthropotechnik (DE-588)4142646-0 gnd Mensch (DE-588)4038639-9 gnd |
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| title | Handbook of digital human modeling research for applied ergonomics and human factors engineering |
| title_alt | Digital human modeling |
| title_auth | Handbook of digital human modeling research for applied ergonomics and human factors engineering |
| title_exact_search | Handbook of digital human modeling research for applied ergonomics and human factors engineering |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Handbook of digital human modeling research for applied ergonomics and human factors engineering |
| title_full | Handbook of digital human modeling research for applied ergonomics and human factors engineering ed. by Vincent G. Duffy |
| title_fullStr | Handbook of digital human modeling research for applied ergonomics and human factors engineering ed. by Vincent G. Duffy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Handbook of digital human modeling research for applied ergonomics and human factors engineering ed. by Vincent G. Duffy |
| title_short | Handbook of digital human modeling |
| title_sort | handbook of digital human modeling research for applied ergonomics and human factors engineering |
| title_sub | research for applied ergonomics and human factors engineering |
| topic | Human engineering Handbooks, manuals, etc Digital computer simulation Handbooks, manuals, etc Human-machine systems Handbooks, manuals, etc Human mechanics Computer simulation Handbooks, manuals, etc Mensch-Maschine-System (DE-588)4038662-4 gnd Bewegungsablauf (DE-588)4145130-2 gnd Computersimulation (DE-588)4148259-1 gnd Anthropotechnik (DE-588)4142646-0 gnd Mensch (DE-588)4038639-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Human engineering Handbooks, manuals, etc Digital computer simulation Handbooks, manuals, etc Human-machine systems Handbooks, manuals, etc Human mechanics Computer simulation Handbooks, manuals, etc Mensch-Maschine-System Bewegungsablauf Computersimulation Anthropotechnik Mensch |
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