Biology of the Southern Ocean
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| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Boca Raton [u.a.]
CRC Press
2007
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Marine biology series
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Publisher description Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Biology of the Southern Ocean |c George A. Knox |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
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| 300 | |a 621 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
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| 490 | 0 | |a Marine biology series | |
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references (p. 533-608) and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Marine ecology |z Antarctic Ocean | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Biotic communities |z Antarctic Ocean | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Ecosystem management |z Antarctic Ocean | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819626335589367808 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Biology of the
Southern Ocean
Second Edition
George A Knox
University of Canterbury
New Zealand
CRC Press
Taylor amp; F^aricisjCroup - »
Boca Raton - London New York « • 1 %-• •
CRC Press is an imprint of thd -
Taylor amp; Francis Group, an informa business
Contents
Chapter 1 The Southern Ocean
1 1 Introduction 1
1 2 The Evolution of the Southern Ocean 3
1 3 Bathymetry 4
1 4 Climate 4
1 5 Ice Cover 6
1 6 Circulation Patterns and Water Masses 7
1 7 Some Regional Hydrographic Features 13
1 8 Bottom Water Formation 14
1 9 Nutrients 15
Chapter 2 Phytoplankton and Primary Production
2 1 Introduction 18
2 2 DataBase 19
2 3 Species Composition and Distribution 19
2 4 Latitudinal Zonation of the Planktonic Subsystems 24
2 5 Phytoplankton Biomass 30
2 6 Primary Production 32
2 7 Seasonal and Geographic Variation of Phytoplankton Biomass and Primary Production 36
2 8 Factors Affecting Primary Production 38
2 9 Growth Rates 53
2 10 Heterotrophic Nutrition 56
2 11 A Model of Phytoplankton Production 56
Chapter 3 Sea-Ice Microbial Communities
3 1- Introduction 59
32_ Sea Ice as a Habitat 60
3 3 Sea-Ice Micro-_and Meiofauna 94
3 4 Dynamics of Sea-Ice Microbial Communities 96
Chapter 4 Zooplankton
4 1 Introduction 100
4 2 Species Composition and Distribution 101
4 3 Life History and Growth 111
4 4 Vertical Migration 114
4 5 Swarming 115
4 6 Feeding 116
4 7 Biomass and Production 121
4 8 Ecophysiology 123
4 9 Strategies for Winter Survival 124
Chapter 5 Krill
5 1 Introduction 128
5 2 Species of Euphausiids 129
5 3 Life History and Growth 129
5 4 Krill Aggregations 139
5 5 Distribution and Abundance 147
5 6 General Distribution Patterns 150
5 7 Factors Affecting Distribution 152
5 8 Overwintering Mechanisms 158
5 9 Stock Seperation 161
5 10 Feeding and Energy Expenditure 162
5 11 Krill Production 172
Chapter 6 Nekton
6 1 Introduction 177
6 2 Species Composition and Distribution 177
6 3 Cephalopods 178
Chapter 7 Fish
7 1 Introduction 185
7 2 Species Composition and Distribution 187
7 3 Morphological and Physiological Adaptations 191
7 4 Reproduction and Growth 193
7 5 Age, Growth, Mortality and Biomass Structure 196
7 6 Feeding Ecology 198
7 7 Factors Controlling the Distribution, Abundance, and Trophic Ecology of Antarctic Fish 207
Chapter 8 Seals
8 1 Introduction 209
8 2 Species Composition and Distribution 210
8 3 Abundance 215
8 4 Social Organization and Reproductive Behaviour 216
8 5 Feeding Ecology 220
8 6 Reproduction, Growth, and Development 227
8 7 Population Dynamics 228
Chapter 9 Whales
9 1 Introduction 231
9 2 Species Composition 232
9 3 Distribution, General Life Histories, and Migrations 235
9 4 Segregation 238
9 5 ~~ Reproduction 239
9 6 Feeding Ecology 241
9 7 Bioenergetics 243
9 8 Population Dynamics 245
9 9 Role in the Ecosystem 247
Chapter 10 Birds
10 1 Introduction 249
10 2 Species Composition and Distribution 250
10 3 Breeding Biology 256
10 4 Nonbreeding Biology 259
10 5 Food and Feeding Ecology 259
10 6 Energetics 270
10 7 Population Structure and Dynamics 271
10 8 Current Status and Population Trends in Antarctic Seabirds 272
10 9 Role in the Ecosystem 273
Chapter 11 Benthic Communities
11 1 Introduction 275
11 2 The Antarctic Benthic Environment 276
11 3 Littoral Communities 277
11 4 Shallow Sublittoral Communities 281
11 5 Epifaunal Communities 288
11 6 Infaunal Communities 294
11 7 Shelf and Upper Slope Communities 300
11 8 Deep Sea Communities 300
11 9 Microbial Communities 301
11 10 Meiofauna 301
11 11 Biogeography and Origin of the Benthic Biota 302
11 12 Factors Responsible for Shaping the Antarctic Benthos 303
11 13 Biogeographical Schemes for the Antarctic Region 307
11 14 Diversity, Abundance, and Biomass 307
11 15 Food and Feeding 309
11 16 Bentho-Pelagic Coupling 311
11 17 Ecological Strategies 312
Chapter 12 The Fast Ice and Ice Shelves
12 1 Introduction 317
12 2 The Coastal Fast Ice Environment 317
12 3 Primary Production 319
12 4 Sedimentation and Resuspension 324
12 5 Zooplankton 324
12 6 The Sympagic Community 327
12 7 The Platelet Ice Community 330
12 8 The Cryopelagic Community 330
12 9 The Ross and McMurdo Ice Shelves 332
Chapter 13 Ice-Edge Processes
13 1 Introduction 341
13 2 The Ice-Edge Habitat 342
13 3 Ice-Edge Phytoplankton Biomass and Primary Production 343
13 4 Potential Causes of Phytoplankton Blooms 347
13 5 A Model of Ice Edge Bloom Dynamics 350
13 6 Bacterioplankton 351
13 7 Ice-Edge Microheterotrophs 351
13 8 Ice-Edge Zooplankton and Nekton 352
13 9 Ice-Edge Vertebrates 355
13 10 The Importance of the Ice Edge in the Ecology of the Southern Ocean 357
Chapter 14 Decomposition and the Roles of Bacteria and Protozoa
14 1 Introduction 361
14 2 Quantities and Sources of Organic Matter 362
14 3 Sedimentation of POM 366
14 4 Biogenic Fluxes in the Water Column 368
14 5 Bacteria 371
14 6 Viruses 376
14 7 Protozoa 376
14 8 Bacteria-Protozoa-POM Interactions 382
14 9 Interactions of Bactivorous Gazers and Heterotrophic Bacteria 385
14 10 The Microbial Loop 386
14 11 Nutrient Cycling 392
Chapter 15 Ecosystem Dynamics
15 1 Introduction 398
15 2 Pelagic Zonation : 399
15 3 Phytoplankton and Primary Production 401
15 4 Food Webs 406
15 5 Ecosystem Models 420
15 6 Southern Ocean Environmental Variability and Its Impact on the Pelagic Ecosystem 442
Chapter 16 Resource Exploitation
16 1 Introduction 449
16 2 Krill 450
16 3 Fish 454
16 4 Seals 458
16 5 Whales 461
Chapter 17 Ecosystem Changes Resulting from Resource Exploitation
17 1 Introduction 467
17 2 Ecosystem Changes Following the Decline in Whale and Fish Stocks 467
17 3 Changes in Seal Population Dynamics 470
17 4 Changes in Breeding Success in Birds 472
17 5 The Whale Reduction-Krill Surplus Hypothesis 472
17 6 Potential Ecosystem Changes That Might Result from Future Resource Exploitation 473
Chapter 18 Management of Living Resources
18 1 Introduction 475
18 2 The Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) 475
18 3 Ecosystem Approach to the Management of the Living Resources of the Southern Ocean 476
18 4 The Role of Modelling Studies 480
18 5 Monitoring Indicators of Possible Ecological Changes in the Antarctic Marine Ecosystem 483
18 6 Experimental Fishing as a Management Tool 486
18 7 Alternative Management Strategies 486
Chapter 19 Ultraviolet Radiation
19 1 Introduction 489
19 2 Biological Hazards of Ultraviolet Radiation 490
19 3 UV Tolerance Mechanisms 491
19 4 Impacts of Ultraviolet Radiation on Antarctic Marine Biota 492
19 5 Conclusions 498
Chapter 20 Global Warming and Antarctic Marine Ecosystems
20 1 Introduction 499
20 2 The Physical Environment 500
20 3 Evidence of Global Warming in the Southern Ocean 502
20 4 The Potential Impact of Global Warming on Antarctic Marine Ecosystems 509
20 5 Potential Changes in Ecosystem Structure and Dynamics 516
20 6 Some General Conclusions 517
Chapter 21 Human Impact
21 1 Introduction 519
21 2 Impact of Waste Disposal 519
21 3 Impact of Tourism 521
21 4 Disturbance of Nesting Seabirds 521
21 5 Contamination of Marine Biota by Pollutants 523
21 6 Impact of Oil Spills 524
21 7 The Impact of Resource Exploitation 525
Epilogue 527
Appendix 531
References 533
Index 609
|
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| dewey-search | 577.709167 |
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| dewey-tens | 570 - Biology |
| discipline | Biologie Geographie |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| isbn | 0849333946 |
| language | English |
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| spellingShingle | Knox, George A. Biology of the Southern Ocean Marine ecology Antarctic Ocean Biotic communities Antarctic Ocean Ecosystem management Antarctic Ocean Meeresökologie (DE-588)4195671-0 gnd Meeresbiologie (DE-588)4169246-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4195671-0 (DE-588)4169246-9 (DE-588)4058444-6 |
| title | Biology of the Southern Ocean |
| title_auth | Biology of the Southern Ocean |
| title_exact_search | Biology of the Southern Ocean |
| title_full | Biology of the Southern Ocean George A. Knox |
| title_fullStr | Biology of the Southern Ocean George A. Knox |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biology of the Southern Ocean George A. Knox |
| title_short | Biology of the Southern Ocean |
| title_sort | biology of the southern ocean |
| topic | Marine ecology Antarctic Ocean Biotic communities Antarctic Ocean Ecosystem management Antarctic Ocean Meeresökologie (DE-588)4195671-0 gnd Meeresbiologie (DE-588)4169246-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Marine ecology Antarctic Ocean Biotic communities Antarctic Ocean Ecosystem management Antarctic Ocean Meeresökologie Meeresbiologie Südpolarmeer |
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