Social security reform in advanced countries evaluating pension finance

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Veröffentlicht: London [u.a.] Routledge 2002
Schriftenreihe:Routledge contemporary economic policy issues 4
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adam_text Contents List offtgures vii Listoftables ix List of contributors xi Preface xii 1 Introduction 1 TOSHIHIRO IHORI AND TOSHIAKI TACHIBANAKI 2 Managing pensions in the twenty-first Century: global lessons and implications for Japan 9 OLIVIA S. MITCHELL 3 Five fallacies in the social security debate 39 MATS PERSSON 4 Social security privatization and financial market risk: lessons from US financial history 52 GARY BURTLESS 5 Private mandatory retirement provision: design and implementation challenges 81 HAZEL BATEMAN. SUZANNE DOYLE AND JOHN PIGGOTT 6 Switching the Japanese social System from pay-as-you-go to actuarially fair: a Simulation analysis 113 TATSUO HATTA AND NORIYOSHI OGUCHI vi Contents 7 Integration of tax and social security Systems: on the financing methods of a public pension scheme in a pay-as-you-go System 132 AKIRA OKAMOTO AND TOSHIAKI TACHIBANAKI 8 Pension reform in the UK: from contribution to participation 161 ASHWIN KUMAR 9 Reform of the public pension System in Germany 188 KAI A. KONRAD AND GERT G. WAGNER 10 Pension Systems and labor force participation in the Nordic countries 206 FREDRIK HAUGEN, ERIK HERN£S AND STEINAR STR0M 11 Public pension reform and welfare in an economy with adverse selection 235 HIDEKI KONISHI 12 Pensions contributions and capital accumulation under modified funded Systems 261 TOSHIHIRO IHORI Index 281 Figures 2.1 Projected public pension liability: percent of GDP to 2050 11 2.2 Projected annual public pension tax gap: percent of GDP to 2050 12 2.3 National defined benefit plans produced poor returns: percent real, per annum 13 2.4 Global provident plans provided poor returns: percent real, per annum 15 2.5 The US pension environment: defined contribution pension plans have more active participants than defined benefit plans 15 2.6 DC surpass DB assets (US corporate, B $) 16 2.7 Annual TIAA-CREFF expenses (in hundredths of a percent, or basis pts): 2001 19 2.8 Estimated efficient frontier for world stock markets 23 3.1 The efficient frontier 42 4.1 Real stock market returns, 1871-1998 63 4.2 Riskless long-term interest rate, 1910-99 63 4.3 Male single-life annuity as a percent of career high annual earnings (measured at age 62) 67 4.4 Real internal rate of return measured at age 62,1911-99 69 4.5 Risk-expected return trade off for stock and bond pension Investments 71 4.6 Real annuity as percent of career high annual earnings at selected ages 72 4.7 Real annuity as percent of career high annual earnings at 70 and 80 73 4.8 Replacement rates under one-time and phased annuitization, 1911-99 75 6.1 Average monthly pay and pension wealth for a Single person born in 1961 in private sector employee pension System 115 6.2 Scheduled contribution rates 115 6.3 Lifetime contribution rate and lifetime benefit rate: a comparison between the current System and the 23 percent Reform Plan 117 viii Figures 6.4 Lifetime contribution and lifetime benefit of the lifetime wage of the 1935 cohort 118 6.5 The balance of PEP pension fund (present value 1995) 120 6.6 Net pension debt, füll fund, and actual balance of fund of PEP 121 6.7 Interest on net pension debt and excess fiscal bürden 122 6.8 Projected balance of fund 123 6.9 Excess contribution 124 7.1 Distribution of households annual labor income 140 7.2 Distribution of age-annual labor income 141 7.3 Changes in welfare of 275 income class households 145 7.4 Changes in welfare of 275 income class households 146 8.1 Net income of a Single pensioner facing rent of £45 per week and Council tax of £9 per month 164 8.2 Expected pension at retirement under current System, by year of retirement in 1999 earnings terms 165 8.3 Expected pension at retirement in 2051 under current System by lifetime weekly earnings in 1999 earnings terms 166 8.4a Accrual structure of S2P Phase 1 compared with SERPS 168 8.4b Accural structure of S2P Phase 2 168 8.5 NI contributions and S2P thresholds in 1999 earnings terms 169 8.6 Expected pension in 2051 under S2P by lifetime weekly earnings in 1999 earnings terms 170 8.7 Value after retirement of the pension of a lifetime low earner 172 8.8 Pension at retirement of a lifetime low earner by number of years spent unemployed 173 8.9 The number of years after retirement that State pension of a lifetime low earner who cares for children older than five from age 25 falls below the Minimum Income Guarantee 174 8.10 Income under whole-life scenarios 175 8.11 Movement of Income Support for a Single pensioner and the basic State pension relative to average earnings where Income Support for a Single pensioner in 1948 = 100 176 8.12 Sources of entitlement to the basic State pension in 1995-6 as a proportion of the working age population 177 9.1 Projections of future contribution rates 192 10.1 Early retirement Social Security Wealth and Social Security Wealth Accrual with eligibility at age 64 212 10.2 Replacement rate by earnings level for a Single worker 1995 222 10.3 Estimated transition rates for a mean worker with and without affiliation to an AFP-firm 229 11.1 Replacement ratio and Utility 248 12.1 Steady State level of public spending 275 Tables 3.1 Covariance matrix for Swedish Stocks, bonds and the wage sum, 1963-97 42 4.1 Stock accumulation and initial replacement rates of male workers retiring after forty-year careers, 1911-99 66 4.2 Internal rates of return on pension contributions of male workers retiring after forty-year careers, 1911-99 70 5.1 Illustrative replacement rates under alternative annuity and administrative Charge assumptions 82 5.2 Reduction in retirement accumulations due to administrative charges 85 5.3 Current charging schedule for illustrative superannuation funds 88 5.4 Industry funds - charges under alternative assumptions 89 5.5 Representative master trust - charges under alternative assumptions 89 5.6 Retirement saving organisations in Australia and Chile 91 5.7 Alternative annuity products 100 5.8 Annuity payouts by annuity type 103 5.9 Utility rankings of mandatory annuities by annuity type and present values of pension and bequests by income level (A $) 104 7.1 Parameter values employed in Simulation analysis 140 7.2 Estimation of the age-profile of labor efficiency 141 7.3 Estimation of the parameters of tax progressivity on labor income 142 7.4 Empirical results caused by different tax and public pension Systems 143 10.1 Eligibility for AFP and age limit 209 10.2 AFP and replacement ratios in different sectors, 1997 210 10.3 Tax reform and replacement ratios in the public pension System 211 10.4 Observed retirement months of new early retirement retirees in 1995 213 x Tables 10.5 Mandatory basic pension 219 10.6 Other non-mandatory extra pensions 220 10.7 Mandatory extra pensions 221 10.8 Expected old-age pension gross replacement rates 222 10.9 Persons in the labor force by sex and age, as percentage of all in each group 224 10.10 Participation rate for older male workers 231 10.11 Estimates of the average age of transition to inactivity among older workers, males 1970-95 232 10.12 Estimates of the average age of transition to inactivity among older workers, females 1970-95 232 11.1 Numerical calculations (R = 8, ct = 1) 249 12.1 Effect on welfare 271 12.2 Effect on accumulation of capital and pension fund 272 I
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series Routledge contemporary economic policy issues
series2 Routledge contemporary economic policy issues
spellingShingle Social security reform in advanced countries evaluating pension finance
Routledge contemporary economic policy issues
Financiering gtt
Pensioen gtt
Privatisering gtt
Sociale zekerheid gtt
Soziale Sicherheit
Pension trusts Congresses
Privatization Congresses
Social security Finance Case studies Congresses.
Social security Finance Congresses
subject_GND (DE-588)4522595-3
(DE-588)1071861417
title Social security reform in advanced countries evaluating pension finance
title_auth Social security reform in advanced countries evaluating pension finance
title_exact_search Social security reform in advanced countries evaluating pension finance
title_full Social security reform in advanced countries evaluating pension finance ed. by Toshihiro Ihori ...
title_fullStr Social security reform in advanced countries evaluating pension finance ed. by Toshihiro Ihori ...
title_full_unstemmed Social security reform in advanced countries evaluating pension finance ed. by Toshihiro Ihori ...
title_short Social security reform in advanced countries
title_sort social security reform in advanced countries evaluating pension finance
title_sub evaluating pension finance
topic Financiering gtt
Pensioen gtt
Privatisering gtt
Sociale zekerheid gtt
Soziale Sicherheit
Pension trusts Congresses
Privatization Congresses
Social security Finance Case studies Congresses.
Social security Finance Congresses
topic_facet Financiering
Pensioen
Privatisering
Sociale zekerheid
Soziale Sicherheit
Pension trusts Congresses
Privatization Congresses
Social security Finance Case studies Congresses.
Social security Finance Congresses
Fallstudiensammlung
Konferenzschrift
url http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0650/2002068158-d.html
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