Tiskopisi XVI. stoljeća iz riznice Muzeja Slavonije v Osijeku

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Veröffentlicht: Osijek Muzej Slavonije 2007
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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text SADRŽAJ Knjižnica Prandau-Normann 4 Gimnazijska knjižnica 6 Knjižnica Weissmann 7 Tiskarstvo 15. i 16. stoljeća 8 Zbirka knjiga 16. stoljeća Odjela muzealnih tiskopisa Muzeja Slavonije 11 Italija 11 Švicarska 13 Njemačka 14 Francuska 16 Španjolska 16 Katalog Italija 18 Švicarska 40 Njemačka 50 Francuska 76 Španjolska 88 Kazalo autora 92 Literatura i izvori 94 Summary 96 Monamente riß amp at о y é* da molti errori corretto. 16th CENTURY PRINTED BOOKS FROM the COLLECTIONS of the MUSEUM of SLAVONIA Ever since the foundation of the Museum of Slavonia in Osijek, 1877, the material which was acquired and brought to the Museum due to the assiduity and efforts of its first curators, also included books. They were collected either as part of families bequests, alongside furniture, paintings, clothes or decorative artefacts, or as part of donated, stored or bought private, school or public libraries. It is exactly the collections of books that predominantly witness the habits and interests of their owners; they speak about the times in which the collections were created, illustrate social and cultural atmosphere with the variety of their contents and forms, bindings, decorations, bookplates, dedications, margin notes. In that way the books themselves became witnesses of various periods, frequently offering contextual layers of the previous owners whose traces can be detected in them. With such museological appeal, the books and the entire libraries become part of the museum of books, without losing the value of their subject matter. Ever since the early stages of acquiring and researching books, the Museum of Slavonia Library has preserved a museological concept of its collections, thus protecting the completeness of a certain collection in terms of its correspondence to a specific person, family or institution, regardless of its subject matter of form. The value and size make several libraries within the Museum s stock of conserved printed and written heritage stand out, namely, the libraries of the Prandau - Normann family, the Gymnasium library and the library of the Weissmann family. Books dating from the 16th century that form parts of the mentioned libraries have been selected and presented at the exhibition. Prandau-Normann Library The library of the Prandau-Normann family presents an essential collection for the study of the Slavonian cultural history and the source and backbone of numerous professional and scientific papers. The preserved stock, which numbers almost nine thousand volumes, alongside the handwritten inventory and catalogue, attests to the owner s area of interest, social engagement and activities. The structure of the collection is congruent with the collections found in Croatian castles, but also in other castles in Central Europe. Gymnasium Library The Gymnasium Library, which is exceptionally rich concerning both the subject matter and form of the books, comprises almost 12 000 volumes of the Museum Library holdings - from the oldest, foreign and Croatian reference books, classic literature, publications of the Academy of Sciences and Arts, special edi¬ tions for bibliophiles to textbooks and magazines. Especially important are the rare books dating from the 16th and 17th centuries that have been shown at the exhibition. We і ss m an η Library Apart from his professional interest in legal science, PhD Herman Weissman, a lawyer and esteemed citi¬ zen of Osijek, also showed interest in history and culture and he collected valuable literature on history, cultural history and law, rare Slavonian publications, reference books, publications of the Academy and Sciences of Arts and magazines, thus forming a library. The stock itself numbers 4000 books on history and cultural history including regional publications. It has been documented in inventories and catalogues. Certain books are especially interesting for their bookplates, dedications and notes. The rare editions that were collected by this diligent bibliophile in antique bookshops around Europe have been selected for the purposes of the exhibition. 15th and 16th century printed books Renaissance Europe accepted the book and che enthusiasm about the classic literature resulted in printing and publishing the works by Greek and Roman authors: Virgil, Horace, elegists and satirists, prosaists Velerius Maximus and Livius, and above all Cicero. Alongside classic literature printed books included liturgical and theological works, legal texts, philosophical and medical texts for academic circles. A big expansion of the printing industry indicated the need for books but also the necessity for organized activities within the new branch of industry. It was exactly Venice that saw an astonishing development of the printing industry and became the first city that witnessed everything that printing brought about and experienced a revolution in the history of human communication. The most significant name among the Venetian printers who marked the printing practice at the end of the 15* and beginning of the 16* centuries was Aldo Manuzio (1449-1515). He specialized in printing books by classic Greek authors by selecting texts, choosing associates and paying special attention to technical features of printing and binding. Books entered the 16th century having a new format, illustrations, clearly printed text and spreading literacy primarily among people living in cities and strongly influencing scientific, cultural and social events. They found their way to readers and publishers tried to meet the growing needs of the market which started crossing national borders. The power of the printed word in spreading religious and political ideas and ideologies were best used by Protestants. Luther himself began his movement with the printed word and had his own ideas printed on numerous pamphlets and leaflets and in that way making the vernacular recognized and respected. Collection of the 16th century books in the Library of the Museum of Slavonia The twenty four volumes described in the catalogue and shown at the exhibition form the oldest collec¬ tion of printed material at the Museum of Slavonia. The Catalogue description was made according to the International Standard Bibliographic Description for older Monographic Publications (Antiquarian) (ISBDA) with additional notes which are due to complex bindings bigger and more detailed for certain titles. Certain catalogue entries have been reduced and there has been no mention of the associates. The books have been classified according to countries, alphabetically according to the cities within an individual state and chronologically within an individual city. The catalogue ends with the author index. Books printed in haly (Florence, Rome and Venice) make the first group of the books at the exhibition. They comprise 30 translations and comments of classic authors but also books of the prosaists and poets °f the time, humanists who created and printed their own works in Renaissance Italy. The comedies by Publius Terence printed at the printing house owned by Aldo Manuzi Junior in Venice «e the only editions of the most famous printing family in the Museums holdings (Cat. No. 4) Greek historian Polibius takes up a prominent place among ancient authors. His history of Rome partially f Bayerische j Staatsbibliothek translated by Domenicho Ludovico was printed at the printing house of Gabriele Giolito de Ferrari (Cat. No 5,6). Vergil s Bucolics, Georgics and Aeneid were published by Domenico Farri who included a woodcut print at the beginning of each work. Printing mark of this Venetian printer was a griffin (Cat. No 20). Apart from the works of classic authors printed in Venice, the exhibition shows a work by poetess Laura Terracina (Cat. No 21). The Latin translation oí Historia di Zighet from our collection was printed in Venice in 1570 at the printing house of Bolognino Zaltiero (Cat. No 18). Missale Romanvm printed in red and black colour, bound in leather embossed decoration and portrait medallions, and richly illustrated with drawings that represent the months of the year and beautifully made initials (Cat. No 24). Switzerland had printing houses already in the 15* century. During the Reformation Geneva became an important centre of printing where advocates of the Reformation came from France and published their works (Henri Estienne, Thomas Courteau). In the 16th century, Basel asserted itself as a new centre of printing and Johann Frobenn (1460-1527) by far exceeded the rest of the printing houses. He published the critical translation of the New Testament written by Erasmus Desiderius, a Dutch humanist and his friend with whom he shared the same views. This edition of the New Testament is outstanding in its painted decoration of the covers (Cat. No 32). The Anatomy Atlas titled De humani corporis fabrica by Andrea Vesalius who was born in Brussels but held a professor s position at the Faculty of Medicine in Padua, was a revolutionary work in human anatomy. This detailed atlas containing numerous drawings of the human body laid the scientific foundations of anatomy (Cat. No 35). The biggest number of books was printed in Germany: in Augsburg, Frankfurt, Cologne, Heidelberg, Leipzig, Nürnberg, Strassburg, Wittenberg. In the late 15 1 century Germany a new binding technique was found - creation of decoration on the leather binding with a help of a little roller. A book binder would take the roller that had various engraved scenes on it and press and roll it over damp leather forming in that way a series of illustrations. The central part was decorated by making an imprint with a plate that usually contained a biblical motif. The following examples are important because they show three bindings which are thematically connected with medicine: Hieronymi Captuaccii, Nova metodvs medendi ; Lihavius Andrea, Rervm chymicarv epistolica forma ad philosophos et medicos ; Alberto Bottono, Methodi medicinales dvae; Bartholomaeo Hieroui, Methodus chirurgica; Hieronymi Capiuacci, De vrinis. The books were printed at different printing houses (Cat. No 52 and 53 printed in Palthenian published, by Peter Fisher). All the works besides the last one were printed in Frankfurt, whereas the last one was printed in Zerbst, at the printing house owned by Bonaventura Faber (Cat. No 50,52, 53,78). Conservation and restoration of the rare editions, especially the ones from the 16th century, is an obligation of every single library. Long term cooperation between the Museum of Slavonia and the Central Labora¬ tory for the Conservation and Restoration of Archives at the Croatian State Archives and the person in charge, MSc Tatjana Mušnjak led to the conservation of about 25 items from the collection of the 16th- century books. The cooperation will most certainly continue and the exhibition presents several restored books, which were the most damaged ones in the collection, and shows them in the story Before and After . The exhibition presents the restored book by Andreas Perneder who was a Bavarian lawyer and the royal secretary to Wilhelm V. He was also a prolific author whose works were often published and presented authority to other authors. His book on criminal law was authoritative until the middle of the 17* century. In his works he compared Justinian s Institutiones, the statute of the Roman Empire with the statute of the Kingdom of Bavaria titled Institutiones Auszug vn(d) anzaigung eitliher geschriben Kaiserlichen... and the jointly bound work Der Leherecht kurtze vnd aygentliche Verteütschung. .. (Cat. No 55,56). Loci theologici recens recogniti was the most influential title of the Protestant theology, printed in Wittenberg where Melanchto worked as professor (Cat. No 76). Matthias Flacius Illyricus / Matija Vlačić Ilirik (1530-1575) was a close associate of Martin Luther with whom he had met in Wittenberg where he taught Greek and Hebrew. He put himself at the head of the ideology fight against the pope and emperor. He wrote a great number of books and treatises and the book titled Catalogvs testium ueritatis (Catalogue of the witness of truth) printed in Strassburg (Cat. No 74) became a constituent element of the Protestant theology and history. The most significant family of printers in France was at the time the Estienne family. Henri /Henricus Stephanus was a royal printer for Hebrew and Latin book during the reign of Francis I. Alongside the Estienne family, active printers - publishers were also Geoffroy Tory, Simon de Colines, Michel Augereau. The centre of printing was at the time Paris where the greatest number of books was printed. Boccaccio s most famous work is certainly II Decamerone, a collection of novellas. The sextodecimo format with the author s portrait and drawings was printed at Guillaumo Rouilles printing house whose emblem was an eagle on a globe and two intertwined snakes and the slogan In virtvte etfortvna. The same printing house printed the New Testament whose cover shaped as a renaissance altar with columns and allegori¬ cal figures and decorations. The cartouche on the bottom contains information on printing (Cat. No 83). Emperor Justinian s Corpus iuris avilis - Digestorvm was printed at Carolam Guillard s printing house in Paris (Cat. No 91). The only book from our collection that was printed in Spain, where books retained the shape of incunabula until the middle of the 16* century, is a well known and frequently translated Luis de Camoes s epic poem Os Los Lvsidas. It describes in the manner of Homer s narration travels and discoveries of the Portuguese during the 15th and 16th centuries (Cat. No 94). Each of these books has its own story recorded often in barely visible traces of its owners, collectors and readers. Thus, sometimes, by recognizing the traces and reading them on the margins or the handwritten text on the spine of a book, we discover the undiscovered; we realize the unanticipated thus becoming part of the historical story in which the reality is nothing but the mirror of history, unforeseen and precious.
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spellingShingle Tiskopisi XVI. stoljeća iz riznice Muzeja Slavonije v Osijeku
Muzej Slavonije Osijek (DE-588)1008376-5 gnd
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title Tiskopisi XVI. stoljeća iz riznice Muzeja Slavonije v Osijeku
title_auth Tiskopisi XVI. stoljeća iz riznice Muzeja Slavonije v Osijeku
title_exact_search Tiskopisi XVI. stoljeća iz riznice Muzeja Slavonije v Osijeku
title_full Tiskopisi XVI. stoljeća iz riznice Muzeja Slavonije v Osijeku [autorica izložbe i kataloga:] Marina Vinaj
title_fullStr Tiskopisi XVI. stoljeća iz riznice Muzeja Slavonije v Osijeku [autorica izložbe i kataloga:] Marina Vinaj
title_full_unstemmed Tiskopisi XVI. stoljeća iz riznice Muzeja Slavonije v Osijeku [autorica izložbe i kataloga:] Marina Vinaj
title_short Tiskopisi XVI. stoljeća iz riznice Muzeja Slavonije v Osijeku
title_sort tiskopisi xvi stoljeca iz riznice muzeja slavonije v osijeku
topic Muzej Slavonije Osijek (DE-588)1008376-5 gnd
Alter Druck (DE-588)4199447-4 gnd
topic_facet Muzej Slavonije Osijek
Alter Druck
Ausstellungskatalog 2007 Osijek
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