Advanced chemistry for you

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1. Verfasser: Ryan, Lawrie (VerfasserIn)
Format: Buch
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: Cheltenham Nelson Thornes 2007
Ausgabe:1. publ., [Nachdr.]
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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text Contents Atoms and Structure 1. Atoms and electrons 8 History of the atom Electron shells or energy levels Electrons in sub-shells Filling the sub-shells Chemistry at work: Atoms and electrons Atoms and the nucleus 18 Inside the nucleus Isotopes Relative atomic masses Mass spectrometer Mass spectra Chemistry at work: Atoms and their nuclei Chemistry at work: What s new in atoms? Calculations using the mole 29 Balancing equations Mole calculations Relative formula mass Moles in chemical equations Moles of gases The ideal gas equation Moles in solution Working out the formula Chemistry at work: Mole calculations Ionic compounds 46 Electron transfer More ionic compounds Dot and cross diagrams Properties of ionic compounds Explaining the properties of ionic compounds Chemistry at work: Ionic compounds Covalent bonding 56 Covalent bonding Double bonds Dative (or coordinate) bonds Shapes of molecules Giant covalent structures Chemistry at work: Bucky-balls Chemistry at work: More fullerenes Simple molecular structures Van der Waals forces Polar molecules Hydrogen bonding Intermediate bonds 6. Metals and structures Metallic bonding Explaining the properties of metals Alloys Structure of metals Chemistry at work: Memory metals Further questions on Atoms and Structure 74 82 The Periodic Table 7. 8. 9. 88 The Periodic Table History of the Periodic Table The modern Periodic Table Atomic structures and the Periodic Table Groups and periods Patterns in the Periodic Table Chemistry at work: Group 4 elements Periodicity Structure and periodicity Trends down a group: Group 1 - The alkali metals Chemistry at work: New elements Periodicity and chemical properties 103 Oxides Structures of the oxides Chlorides across a period Chlorides with water Ions and the Periodic Table Periodicity and redox reactions Chemistry at work: Oxides Group 2 (s-block elements) 112 Group 2 elements - the alkaline earth metals Electronic structures Physical properties Reactions of the Group 2 metals Compounds of the Group 2 metals Chemistry at work: Compounds of the Group 2 metals 10. Group 7 (p-block elements) Group 7 elements - the halogens The halogens as oxidising agents Reactivity of the halogens Quantitative analysis 120 Reactions of the halogens and their compounds Hydrogen halides Oxidation number and the halogens Oxohalogen compounds Chemistry at work: Chlorine and its compounds Chemistry at work: Bromine and iodine 11. d-Block elements 132 Physical properties Electronic structures Variable oxidation number Complex ions Coloured compounds More about ligands Chemistry at work: Transition metal complexes Redox reactions of transition metal compounds Catalysis and the transition metals Autocatalysis Chemistry at work: Copper and Platinum Further questions on The Periodic Table 152 15. Halogenoalkanes (Haloalkanes) 187 Introduction Reactions of the halogenoalkanes Mechanism of nucleophilic substitution Elimination reactions of halogenoalkanes Chemistry at work: Uses of halogenoalkanes 16. Alcohols 195 Introduction Physical properties Reactions of the alcohols Breaking the О — H bond Nucleophilic substitution in alcohols Dehydration reaction Chemistry at work: Ethanol Chemistry at work: Other alcohols Further questions on Organic Chemistry 1 203 209 Organic Chemistry 1 12. Introduction to organic chemistry Functional groups Homologous series Naming organic compounds Structural isomers 13. Alkanes Introduction Physical properties of the alkanes Reactions of the alkanes Pollution from combustion Substitution reactions of the alkanes Chemistry at work: Petrol Chemistry at work: Getting rid of waste 158 166 176 14. Alkenes Introduction Stereoisomers Geometric isomerism in alkenes Reactions of the alkenes The mechanism of addition Predicting products of addition Mechanism of addition with halogens Chemistry at work: Cracking Chemistry at work: Use of ethene and epoxyethane Organic Chemistry 2 17. Aromatic compounds The structure of benzene The nature of the benzene ring Attack on the benzene ring Electrophilic substitution in benzene Nitration Sulphonation Halogenation Friedel-Crafts reactions Addition reactions of benzene Reactions of substituted arenes Reactions in side-chains Chemistry at work: Dyes Chemistry at work: Aromatic compounds in agrochemicals 18. Aldehydes and ketones 221 Introduction Reactions of aldehydes and ketones Nucleophilic addition to aldehydes and ketones Condensation reactions of aldehydes and ketones Chemistry at work: Aldehydes and ketones 19. Carboxylic acids and related compounds 229 Introduction Reactions of carboxylic acids Acid chlorides Acid anhydrides Esters Chemistry at work: Esters and carboxylic acids 20. Organic nitrogen compounds Introduction Amines as bases Reactions of amines Amides Nitriles Amino acids Optical isomerism Chemistry at work: Proteins 21. Polymers Plastics Properties of plastics Addition polymers Mechanism of addition polymerisation Condensation polymerisation Chemistry at work: New developments in plastics Chemistry at work: New developments in polymers Chemistry at work: Biodegradable plastics 239 250 262 22. Organic synthesis Synthetic routes Calculating yields Stepping up a homologous series Stepping down a homologous series Adding a carbon chain to an aryl compound Summaries of organic reactions - alkenes, halogenoalkanes (Grignard reagents), alcohols, benzene, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, acid chlorides, esters, amines, amides, nitriles Chemistry at work: Pharmaceutical drugs Chemistry at work: Other drugs 23. Organic analysis 274 Chemical analysis Analysis using a mass spectrometer Spectrometry Ultraviolet and visible spectrometry Infra-red spectrometry Nuclear magnetic resonance (n.m.r.) High resolution n.m.r. Chemistry at work: Instrumental analysis Further questions on Organic Chemistry 2 288 Energy and Rates 24. Enthalpy changes 295 Enthalpy changes (ΔΗ) Enthalpy level diagrams Working out enthalpy changes in solutions Standard conditions Using enthalpy cycles Using enthalpies of formation Average bond enthalpies Chemistry at work: Enthalpy changes 25. Lattice enthalpy 310 Calculating lattice enthalpies Born-Haber enthalpy level diagram Theoretical values of AH^ffice compared with actual values Lattice enthalpy and dissolving 26.* Entropy and free energy 318 Entropy Calculating entropy changes Free energy Calculating changes in free energy 27. Kinetics - rates of reaction 325 Introduction Investigating rates of reaction Graphs and rates of reaction Collision theory Factors affecting rates of reaction Effect of surface area Effect of concentration Effect of pressure Effect of temperature Effect of a catalyst Catalysts in industry Effect of enzymes Chemistry at work: Immobilised enzymes 28. Rate equations 338 Results from rate experiments Rate equations Order of a reaction Finding out rate equations Chemistry at work: Rapid reactions Mechanisms and kinetics Hydrolysis of bromoalkanes Further questions on Energy and Rates 350 Equilibria and Redox 29. Equilibrium mixtures 356 Introduction Closed systems and equilibrium Affecting the position of equilibrium Changing concentration Changing pressure Changing temperature and equilibrium The Contact Process The Haber Process Making nitric acid in industry Chemistry at work: Uses of nitric acid in industry Chemistry at work: Building a chemical plant 30. Equilibrium constants 368 Introduction Values of Kc Finding Kc by experiment Gases at equilibrium (Kp) The effect of changing conditions on Kc and Kp Chemistry at work: Equilibria and growing crops 31. Acid/base equilibria 380 Introduction Neutralisation The B^nsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases pH values Strong and weak acids Dissociation constants (Ка) pH of weak acids pH of water pH of alkalis Indicators pH curves Choosing an indicator Buffer solutions pH of a buffer solution Chemistry at work: Acids and bases 32. Redox: Extraction of metals 398 The Reactivity Series Extracting metals with carbon Extraction of iron Iron into steel Chemical reduction of other metal ores (tungsten, titanium and chromium) Chemistry at work: Uses of tungsten, titanium and chromium Extracting reactive metals Extraction of aluminium Recycling 33. Redox: Electrode potentials 407 Introduction Half cells Cell diagrams Standard electrode potentials Using standard electrode potentials Calculating E® cell Electrode potentials and corrosion Chemistry at work: Preventing corrosion Chemistry at work: Cells and batteries/Fuel cells Further questions on Equilibria and Redox 418 Synoptic questions 424 Extra Sections Study skills Practical skills Key Skills in Advanced Chemistry Answers Chemical tests Periodic Table Data pages Index Acknowledgements 428 434 438 442 458 460 462 466 472 Chapters marked are usually not in AS level, only in A2. For the chapter marked ; check the specification you are following. For further details see: www.nelsonthornes.com/ac4u
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Advanced chemistry for you
Chemie (DE-588)4009816-3 gnd
subject_GND (DE-588)4009816-3
(DE-588)4123623-3
title Advanced chemistry for you
title_auth Advanced chemistry for you
title_exact_search Advanced chemistry for you
title_full Advanced chemistry for you Lawrie Ryan
title_fullStr Advanced chemistry for you Lawrie Ryan
title_full_unstemmed Advanced chemistry for you Lawrie Ryan
title_short Advanced chemistry for you
title_sort advanced chemistry for you
topic Chemie (DE-588)4009816-3 gnd
topic_facet Chemie
Lehrbuch
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