Glial neurobiology a textbook

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Hauptverfasser: Verkhratsky, Alexej (VerfasserIn), Butt, Arthur (VerfasserIn)
Format: Buch
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: Chichester [u.a.] Wiley 2007
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adam_text Contents Preface xi List of abbreviations xiii PART I Physiology of Glia 1 1 Introduction to Glia 3 1.1 Founders of glial research: from Gabriel Valentin to Karl Ludwig Schleich 3 1.2 Beginning of the modern era 11 1.3 Changing concepts: Glia express molecules of excitation 11 1.4 Glia and neurones in dialogue 12 2 General Overview of Signalling in the Nervous System 13 2.1 Intercellular signalling: Wiring and volume modes of transmission 13 2.2 Intracellular signalling 17 3 Morphology of Glial Cells 21 3.1 Astrocytes 21 3.2 Oligodendrocytes 24 3.3 NG2 expressing glia 26 3.4 Schwann cells 27 3.5 Microglia 28 4 Glial Development 29 4.1 Phylogeny of glia and evolutionary specificity of glial cells in human brain 29 4.2 Macroglial cells 32 4.3 Astroglial cells are brain stem cells 35 4.4 Schwann cell lineage 36 4.5 Microglial cell lineage 37 5 General Physiology of Glial Cells 39 5.1 Membrane potential and ion distribution 39 5.2 Ion channels 39 5.3 Receptors to neurotransmitters and neuromodulators 42 5.4 Glial syncytium gap junctions 58 viii CONTENTS 5.5 dial calcium signalling 61 5.6 Neurotransmitter release from astroglial cells 71 5.7 dial neurotransmitter transporters 76 5.8 dial cells produce and release neuropeptides 79 5.9 dial cell derived growth factors 80 6 Neuronal Glial Interactions 83 6.1 Close apposition of neurones and astroglia: the tripartite synapse 83 6.2 Neuronal glial synapses 85 6.3 Signalling from neurones to astrocytes 86 6.4 Signalling from astrocytes to neurones 89 6.5 Signalling between oligodendrocytes and neurones 90 6.6 Signalling between Schwann cells and peripheral nerves and nerve endings 90 PART II Glial Cells and Nervous System Function 93 7 Astrocytes 95 7.1 Developmental function producing new neural cells 96 7.2 Developmental function neuronal guidance 97 7.3 Regulation of synaptogenesis and control of synaptic maintenance and elimination 99 7.4 Structural function creation of the functional microarchitecture of the brain 101 7.5 Vascular function creation of glial vascular interface (blood brain barrier) and glia neurone vascular units 102 7.6 Regulation of brain microcirculation 105 7.7 Ion homeostasis in the extracellular space 106 7.8 Regulation of extracellular glutamate concentration 112 7.9 Water homeostasis and regulation of the extracellular space volume 114 7.10 Neuronal metabolic support 116 7.11 Astroglia regulate synaptic transmission 119 7.12 Integration in neuronal glial networks 121 7.13 Astrocytes as cellular substrate of memory and consciousness? 121 8 Oligodendrocytes, Schwann Cells and Myelination 125 8.1 The myelin sheath 127 8.2 Myelination 141 8.3 Myelin and propagation of the action potential 148 PART III Glia and Nervous System Pathology 153 9 General Pathophysiology of Glia 155 9.1 Reactive astrogliosis 155 9.2 Wallerian degeneration 157 9.3 Activation of microglia 160 CONTENTS ix 10 Glia and Diseases of the Nervous System 167 10.1 Alexander s disease 167 10.2 Spreading depression 167 10.3 Stroke and ischaemia 168 10.4 Cytotoxic brain oedema 178 10.5 Neurodegenerative diseases 180 10.6 Neuropathic pain 185 10.7 Demyelinating diseases 186 10.8 Infectious diseases 187 10.9 Peripheral neuropathies 190 10.10 Psychiatric diseases 192 10.11 Gliomas 194 Conclusions 197 Recommended literature 199 Author Index 207 Subject Index 209
adam_txt Contents Preface xi List of abbreviations xiii PART I Physiology of Glia 1 1 Introduction to Glia 3 1.1 Founders of glial research: from Gabriel Valentin to Karl Ludwig Schleich 3 1.2 Beginning of the modern era 11 1.3 Changing concepts: Glia express molecules of excitation 11 1.4 Glia and neurones in dialogue 12 2 General Overview of Signalling in the Nervous System 13 2.1 Intercellular signalling: Wiring and volume modes of transmission 13 2.2 Intracellular signalling 17 3 Morphology of Glial Cells 21 3.1 Astrocytes 21 3.2 Oligodendrocytes 24 3.3 NG2 expressing glia 26 3.4 Schwann cells 27 3.5 Microglia 28 4 Glial Development 29 4.1 Phylogeny of glia and evolutionary specificity of glial cells in human brain 29 4.2 Macroglial cells 32 4.3 Astroglial cells are brain stem cells 35 4.4 Schwann cell lineage 36 4.5 Microglial cell lineage 37 5 General Physiology of Glial Cells 39 5.1 Membrane potential and ion distribution 39 5.2 Ion channels 39 5.3 Receptors to neurotransmitters and neuromodulators 42 5.4 Glial syncytium gap junctions 58 viii CONTENTS 5.5 dial calcium signalling 61 5.6 Neurotransmitter release from astroglial cells 71 5.7 dial neurotransmitter transporters 76 5.8 dial cells produce and release neuropeptides 79 5.9 dial cell derived growth factors 80 6 Neuronal Glial Interactions 83 6.1 Close apposition of neurones and astroglia: the tripartite synapse 83 6.2 Neuronal glial synapses 85 6.3 Signalling from neurones to astrocytes 86 6.4 Signalling from astrocytes to neurones 89 6.5 Signalling between oligodendrocytes and neurones 90 6.6 Signalling between Schwann cells and peripheral nerves and nerve endings 90 PART II Glial Cells and Nervous System Function 93 7 Astrocytes 95 7.1 Developmental function producing new neural cells 96 7.2 Developmental function neuronal guidance 97 7.3 Regulation of synaptogenesis and control of synaptic maintenance and elimination 99 7.4 Structural function creation of the functional microarchitecture of the brain 101 7.5 Vascular function creation of glial vascular interface (blood brain barrier) and glia neurone vascular units 102 7.6 Regulation of brain microcirculation 105 7.7 Ion homeostasis in the extracellular space 106 7.8 Regulation of extracellular glutamate concentration 112 7.9 Water homeostasis and regulation of the extracellular space volume 114 7.10 Neuronal metabolic support 116 7.11 Astroglia regulate synaptic transmission 119 7.12 Integration in neuronal glial networks 121 7.13 Astrocytes as cellular substrate of memory and consciousness? 121 8 Oligodendrocytes, Schwann Cells and Myelination 125 8.1 The myelin sheath 127 8.2 Myelination 141 8.3 Myelin and propagation of the action potential 148 PART III Glia and Nervous System Pathology 153 9 General Pathophysiology of Glia 155 9.1 Reactive astrogliosis 155 9.2 Wallerian degeneration 157 9.3 Activation of microglia 160 CONTENTS ix 10 Glia and Diseases of the Nervous System 167 10.1 Alexander's disease 167 10.2 Spreading depression 167 10.3 Stroke and ischaemia 168 10.4 Cytotoxic brain oedema 178 10.5 Neurodegenerative diseases 180 10.6 Neuropathic pain 185 10.7 Demyelinating diseases 186 10.8 Infectious diseases 187 10.9 Peripheral neuropathies 190 10.10 Psychiatric diseases 192 10.11 Gliomas 194 Conclusions 197 Recommended literature 199 Author Index 207 Subject Index 209
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spelling Verkhratsky, Alexej Verfasser aut
Glial neurobiology a textbook Alexei Verkhratsky ; Arthur Butt
Chichester [u.a.] Wiley 2007
XIV, 215 S. Ill., graph. Darst.
txt rdacontent
n rdamedia
nc rdacarrier
Glia
Neuroglia
Neurophysiologie
Butt, Arthur Verfasser aut
HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016172229&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle Verkhratsky, Alexej
Butt, Arthur
Glial neurobiology a textbook
Glia
Neuroglia
Neurophysiologie
title Glial neurobiology a textbook
title_auth Glial neurobiology a textbook
title_exact_search Glial neurobiology a textbook
title_exact_search_txtP Glial neurobiology a textbook
title_full Glial neurobiology a textbook Alexei Verkhratsky ; Arthur Butt
title_fullStr Glial neurobiology a textbook Alexei Verkhratsky ; Arthur Butt
title_full_unstemmed Glial neurobiology a textbook Alexei Verkhratsky ; Arthur Butt
title_short Glial neurobiology
title_sort glial neurobiology a textbook
title_sub a textbook
topic Glia
Neuroglia
Neurophysiologie
topic_facet Glia
Neuroglia
Neurophysiologie
url http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016172229&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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