Motivation and learning strategies for college success

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Hauptverfasser: Dembo, Myron H. (VerfasserIn), Seli, Helena (VerfasserIn)
Format: Buch
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: New York [u.a.] Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc. 2008
Ausgabe:3. ed.
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adam_text Contents Preface xv Acknowledgments xviii UNIT I: FOUNDATIONS OF LEARNING AND MOTIVATION Chapter 1 Academic Self-Management 3 What Is Academic Self-Management? 4 What Is the Difference Between High School and College? 7 Why Are Some Students Less Successful Learners? 8 They Hold Faulty Beliefs About Their Ability, Learning, and Motivation 8 They Are Unaware of Their Ineffective Learning Behavior 9 They Fail to Sustain Effective Learning and Motivational Strategies 9 They Are Not Ready to Change Their Learning and Study Behavior 9 How Can I Change My Academic Behavior? 10 Motivation 10 Methods of Learning 13 Use of Time 14 Physical and Social Environment 15 Monitoring Performance 16 The Six Components of Academic Self-Management 17 Exercise 1.1: Self-Observation: Assessing Your Self-Management Skills 19 How Can I Change My Behavior? 20 How Does Self-Management Occur in an Academic Context? 24 Key Points 25 Follow-up Activities 26 Chapter 2 Understanding Learning and Memory 29 What Are the Flaws in Human Memory? 30 How Does the Information-Processing System Explain Learning? 31 Short-Term Sensory Store 32 Working Memory 33 Excercise 2.1: Demonstrating the Capacity of Working Memory 34 Long-Term Memory 36 IX CONTENTS What Is the Difference Between Rote and Meaningful Learning? 38 Exercise 2.2: Understanding the Importance of Prior Knowledge 38 What Learning Strategies Promote Learning and Retention? 39 Rehearsal Strategies 40 Elaboration Strategies 41 Organizational Strategies 44 Exercise 2.3: Demonstrating the Importance of Categorizing Knowledge 44 Exercise 2.4: Identifying Learning Strategies 46 Key Points 47 Follow-up Activities 47 Chapter 3 Understanding Motivation 51 Motivational Problems 51 Successful Sheila 52 Defensive Dimitri 52 Anxious Anna 52 Hopeless Henry 53 What Is Motivation and What Factors Influence It? 53 Sociocultural Factors 55 Exercise 3.1: Self-Observation: Analyzing My Personal and Sociocultural Background 59 Classroom Environmental Factors 60 Exercise 3.2: Self-Observation: Analyzing Classroom Experiences 61 Internal Factors 62 Exercise 3.3: Possible Selves: My Hopes, Expectations, and Fears About the Future 66 Exercise 3.4: Identifying Mastery and Performance Goal Orientations 69 Am I Motivated to Change My Academic Behavior? 78 I Can t Change 80 I Don t Want to Change 80 I Don t Know What to Change 82 I Don t Know How to Change 82 Key Points 84 Follow-up Activities 85 UNIT II: MOTIVATIONAL STRATEGIES Chapter 4 Goal Setting 95 Exercise 4.1: Self-Observation: Identifying Your Values 99 Why Is Goal Setting Important? 100 What Properties of Goals Enhance Motivation? 102 What Are the Steps in the Goal-Setting Process? 103 Step 1: Identifying and Defining the Goal 103 CONTENTS Exercise 4.2: Writing Personal Goals 106 Step 2: Generating and Evaluating Alternative Plans 106 Step 3: Making Implementation Plans 107 Step 4: Implementing the Plan 108 Step 5: Evaluating Your Progress 108 Key Points 109 Follow-up Activities 110 Chapter 5 Management of Emotion and Effort 113 Exercise 5.1: Self-Observation: Assessing Emotions 115 What Is the Role of Emotions in Academic Performance? 116 Boredom 117 How Are Emotions Influenced by Events and Experiences? 118 Irrational Thinking Patterns 119 Exercise 5.2: Identify Irrational Thinking Patterns 121 Negative Self-Talk 122 Exercise 5.3: Classifying Negative Self-Talk 122 How Does Self-Talk Influence My Emotions and Behavior? 123 How Can the Rational Emotive Approach Be Used to Change Emotions? 124 Which Emotions Can Be Changed by the Rational Emotive Approach? 127 Can Relaxation Reduce Anxiety? 129 Key Points 131 Follow-up Activities 132 UNIT III: BEHAVIORAL STRATEGIES Chapter 6 Time Management 139 What Is Time Management? 140 How Do You Use Your Time? 141 Exercise 6.1: Self-Observation: Assessing Time Wasters 141 Exercise 6.2: Self-Observation: Assessing Use of Time 141 Are Your Tasks Important, Urgent, Both, or Neither? 145 What Are Some Good Time Management Strategies? 146 Set Regular Study Periods 146 Study in an Environment That Is Relatively Free of Distractions and Interruptions 146 Schedule Tasks So They Can Be Accomplished in 30- to 60-Minute Blocks of Time 147 Take Short Breaks 147 Be Specific in Identifying How You Plan to Use Your Time 148 Alternative Subjects When You Have a Long Time Block Available for Study 148 Estimate the Time Needed for Each Assignment 148 Prioritize Tasks 148 XII CONTENTS Do the Assignment for the Course You Dislike First 149 Work Ahead of Your Assignments When Possible 149 Carry Your Calendar With You and Write Down Any Appointments as Soon as You Make Them 149 How Do I Develop a System of Time Planning and Management? 150 Semester Calendar 150 Weekly Priority Tasks List 153 Weekly Schedule 153 What Is Procrastination? 156 Do You Procrastinate? 156 What Are the Causes of Procrastination? 156 What Can I Do About My Tendency to Procrastinate? 157 Procrastination Elimination Strategies 157 Challenging and Changing Beliefs and Misperceptions 158 Exercise 6.3: Challenge Irrational Beliefs 159 Key Points 160 Follow-up Activities 161 Chapter 7 Management of Physical and Social Environment 165 Is There a Difference Between Attention and Concentration? 167 Exercise 7.1: Self-Observation: Evaluating Study Environments 168 What Factors Influence Attention and Concentration? 169 Exercise 7.2: Self-Observation: Becoming Aware of Misdirected Attention 169 How Can I Improve My Attention and Concentration? 170 Exercise 7.3: Dealing With Distracters 172 How Do I Seek Academic Help? 174 How Can I Work More Effectively in Groups? 175 How Can I Help Make My Study Group More Productive? 178 How Can I Improve My Concentration Skills? 179 Sending Messages Effectively 179 Receiving Messages Effectively 181 Key Points 183 Follow-up Activities 183 UNIT IV: LEARNING AND STUDY STRATEGIES Chapter 8 Learning From Textbooks 189 What Does Research Tell Us About Good Readers? 190 Exercise 8.1: Self-Observation: Assessing Reading Strategies 191 What Learning Strategies Can I Use to Improve My Reading Comprehension and Retention? 193 Before Reading 193 During Reading 195 CONTENTS xiii After Reading 199 How Can I Construct Representations? 206 Exercise 8.2: Identifying Different Representations in Academic Content 206 Exercise 8.3: Constructing Different Representations For the Material 208 Key Points 210 Follow-up Activities 211 Chapter 9 Learning From Lectures 215 Exercise 9.1: Self-Observation: Analyzing Note-Taking Strategies 216 How Can I Take Better Notes? 219 Before the Lecture 219 During the Lecture 220 After the Lecture 222 Exercise 9.2: Practicing the Note-Taking Strategy 225 How Can I Ask Good Mirror Questions? 227 Exercise 9.3: Identifying Different Levels of Questions in Lectures 228 How Do I Deal With Particular Note-Taking Problems or Issues? 228 Key Points 231 Follow-up Activities 231 Chapter 10 Preparing for Exams 235 Exercise 10.1: Self-Observation: Assessing Exam Preparation 237 How Do I Develop a Study Plan? 238 Step 1: Determine the Content Coverage and Question Format of the Exam 238 Step 2: Organize and Separate the Content Into Parts 240 Step 3: Identify Specific Study Strategies 241 Step 4: Identify the Amount of Time Needed for Each Strategy 243 Step 5: Allocate Time for Each Study Strategy in a Weekly Schedule 243 Step 6: Modify the Plan as Necessary 244 An Example of a Study Plan 244 Content Coverage and Question Format 246 Organize the Content for Study 246 Identify Specific Study Strategies 246 Identify the Amount of Time Needed for Each Strategy 248 Allocate Time for Each Study Strategy in a Weekly Schedule 248 Key Points 250 Follow-up Activities 250 Chapter 11 Taking Exams 253 Exercise 11.1: Self-Observation: Assessing Test-Taking Strategies 254 xiv___________________________________________________________________________CONTENTS What Strategies Can I Use to Answer Objective Test Questions? 256 How Should You Manage Your Time? 256 How Should You Approach Each Question? 256 When Should You Change an Answer? 256 Strategies for True-False Questions 257 Exercise 11.2: Identifying Key Words 258 Strategies for Matching Questions 258 Strategies for Fill-in-the-Blank Questions 259 Strategies for Multiple-Choice Questions 260 Exercise 11.3: Taking a Multiple-Choice Exam 261 What Strategies Can I Use for Answering Essay Questions? 263 Read the Directions Carefully and Do Exactly What Is Asked 263 Read Each Question Carefully to Determine What Is Expected in the Response 263 Determine How You Will Use Your Time 265 Determine the Order in Which You Will Respond to the Questions 265 Organize Your Response by Making an Outline or Representation (Map) 265 Write Your Answer Following Specific Procedures 265 If Given an Opportunity, Review Your Exam Results 266 Exercise 11.4: Evaluating Responses to an Essay Question 267 Evaluating the Two Essay Responses 269 Key Points 271 Follow-Up Activities 272 Glossary 275 Appendices 279 Appendix A: A Guide for Completing a Self-Management Study 281 Appendix B: Examples of Self-Management Studies 295 References 319 Author Index 329 Subject Index 333
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spellingShingle Dembo, Myron H.
Seli, Helena
Motivation and learning strategies for college success
College student orientation
Achievement motivation
Learning strategies
Lerntechnik (DE-588)4074168-0 gnd
Motivation (DE-588)4040364-6 gnd
Schüler (DE-588)4053369-4 gnd
subject_GND (DE-588)4074168-0
(DE-588)4040364-6
(DE-588)4053369-4
title Motivation and learning strategies for college success
title_auth Motivation and learning strategies for college success
title_exact_search Motivation and learning strategies for college success
title_full Motivation and learning strategies for college success Myron H. Dembo ; Helena Seli
title_fullStr Motivation and learning strategies for college success Myron H. Dembo ; Helena Seli
title_full_unstemmed Motivation and learning strategies for college success Myron H. Dembo ; Helena Seli
title_short Motivation and learning strategies for college success
title_sort motivation and learning strategies for college success
topic College student orientation
Achievement motivation
Learning strategies
Lerntechnik (DE-588)4074168-0 gnd
Motivation (DE-588)4040364-6 gnd
Schüler (DE-588)4053369-4 gnd
topic_facet College student orientation
Achievement motivation
Learning strategies
Lerntechnik
Motivation
Schüler
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