Competition and state aid an analysis of the EC practice
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| Format: | Buch |
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| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Alphen aan den Rijn
Kluwer Law International
2007
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| Schriftenreihe: | International competition law series
32 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Competition and state aid |b an analysis of the EC practice |c ed. by Alberto Santa Maria |
| 264 | 1 | |a Alphen aan den Rijn |b Kluwer Law International |c 2007 | |
| 300 | |a XIII, 418 S. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a International competition law series |v 32 | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Europees recht |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Overheidssteun |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Subvention |2 swd | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Wettbewerbsrecht |2 swd | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Europarecht | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Recht | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Bankruptcy |z European Union countries | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Competition |z European Union countries | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Professional sports |x Law and legislation |z European Union countries | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Subsidies |x Law and legislation |z European Union countries | |
| 651 | 7 | |a EU-landen |2 gtt | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Europäische Union |2 swd | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Europäische Union. Mitgliedsstaaten | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Santa Maria, Alberto |e Sonstige |0 (DE-588)171003128 |4 oth | |
| 830 | 0 | |a International competition law series |v 32 |w (DE-604)BV014209489 |9 32 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m GBV Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016091993&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016091993 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804137153596227584 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | COMPETITION AND STATE AID AN ANALYSIS OF THE EC PRACTICE EDITED BY
ALBERTO SANTA MARIA PREPARED BY STUDIO SANTA MARIA CLAUDIO BISCARETTI DI
RUFFIA MARTINO EBNER EDOARDO GAMBARO NICCOLO LANDI ANTONIO PAPI ROSSI
PAOLA PIRODDI MAIA M. E. RENI ALBERTO SANTA MARIA ALBERTO TEDOLDI KLUWER
LAW INTERNATIONAL TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 1. FOREWORD 1 2. THE
COMMISSION S EXTENSIVE APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 87 EC, PARTICULARLY IN
RELATION TO STATE AID SCHEMES: A CRITICISM 3 3. AID BY ACT OF LAW IN THE
US JURISDICTION. NEW POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS UNDER COMMUNITY LAW / 9 4. STATE
AID BY LAW AND THE ENLARGEMENT OF THE COMMUNITY 12 5. RECOVERY
INJUNCTIONS AND THE RIGHT OF DEFENCE * 13 CHAPTER I THE NOTION OF STATE
AID 15 1. INTRODUCTION 15 2. THE REQUIREMENTS , 16 2.1. STATE
INTERVENTION 17 2.1.1. IMPUTABILITY TO THE STATE AND THE TRANSFER OF
STATE RESOURCES 17 2.1.2. FROM THE ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO THE
CUMULATIVE APPROACH 20 2.2. THE GRATUITOUS ADVANTAGE CONCEPT 21 2.2.1.
THE AID RECIPIENT - THE NOTION OF UNDERTAKING 21 2.2.2. THE GRATUITOUS
ADVANTAGE CONCEPT 23 2.2.3. THE PRIVATE-INVESTOR CRITERION 23 2.2.4. THE
PRIVATE-CREDITOR CRITERION 25 2.2.5. OBJECTIVE JUSTIFICATIONS 26 2.3.
THE SELECTIVITY CRITERION 27 VIII TABLE OF CONTENTS 2.4. DISTORTION OF
COMPETITION AND ITS IMPACT ON TRADE BETWEEN MEMBER STATES - THE
SIGNIFICANCE OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 30 2.5. THE NEW STATE AID ACTION PLAN
OF 2005 . 36 3. HOW ARTICLE 87 EC RELATES TO OTHER PROVISIONS OF THE EC
TREATY 38 3.1. ARTICLE 28 EC 39 3.2. ARTICLE 31 EC 40 3.3. ARTICLE 36 EC
41 3.4. ARTICLES 39, 43, 44.2(H) AND 49 EC 41 3.5. ARTICLE 73 EC , 42
3.6. ARTICLES 81 AND 82 EC, AND REGULATION (EC) NO. 139/2004 42 3.7.
ARTICLE 90 EC 44 4. STATE AID AND SERVICES OF GENERAL INTEREST 44
CHAPTER II EXEMPTIONS FROM THE GENERAL INCOMPATIBILITY PRINCIPLE UNDER
ARTICLE 87 (2) AND (3) OF THE EC TREATY * 49 FOREWORD: EXEMPTIONS UNDER
ARTICLES 87(2) AND (3) OF THE EC TREATY IN GENERAL 49 1. STATE AID
COMPATIBLE IPSO JURE WITH THE COMMON MARKET UNDER ARTICLE 87(2) OF THE
EC TREATY 50 1.1. AID HAVING A SOCIAL CHARACTER, GRANTED TO INDIVIDUAL
CONSUMERS 51 1.2. AID TO MAKE GOOD THE DAMAGE CAUSED BY NATURAL
DISASTERS OR OTHER EXCEPTIONAL OCCURRENCES 51 1.3. AID GRANTED TO THE
ECONOMY OF CERTAIN AREAS OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY . 55 2. AID
THAT MAY BE CONSIDERED COMPATIBLE WITH THE COMMON MARKET WITHIN THE
MEANING OF ARTICLE 87(3) OF THE EC TREATY: THE POWERS OF THE EUROPEAN
COMMISSION 55 2.1. STATE AID FOR REGIONAL PURPOSES UNDER ARTICLES 87(3)
(A) AND (C) OF THE EC TREATY 56 2.2. THE CARRYING OUT OF AN IMPORTANT
PROJECT OF COMMON EUROPEAN INTEREST AND SERIOUS DISTURBANCE OF THE
ECONOMY OF A MEMBER STATE, WITHIN THE MEANING OF ARTICLE 87(3)(B) OF THE
EC TREATY 60 2.3. AID TO PROMOTE CULTURE AND HERITAGE CONSERVATION UNDER
ARTICLE 87(3)(D) OF THE EC TREATY 61 3. STATE AID TO SMES 63 3.1.
DEFINITION OF SMES 63 3.2. STATE AID TO SMES 65 4. STATE AID WITH
HORIZONTAL OBJECTIVES 68 4.1. STATE AID FOR RESCUING AND RESTRUCTURING
FIRMS IN DIFFICULTY 68 4.2. STATE AID AND RISK CAPITAL 72 4.3. STATE AID
FOR VOCATIONAL TRAINING 75 4.4. STATE AID FOR RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND
INNOVATION 77 4.5. STATE AID FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 82 4.6. STATE
AID FOR EMPLOYMENT 85 TABLE OF CONTENTS IX CHAPTER III EXISTING AID 89
1. FOREWORD 89 2. THE EXISTING AID NOTION IN REGULATION NO 659/1999 91
2.1. (I) AID EXISTING PRIOR TO THE TREATY OR TO THE ACCESSION OF A NEW
STATE 93 2.2. (II) AUTHORIZED AID (III) AID SILENTLY AUTHORIZED 94 2.3.
(IV) AID SUBJECT TO LIMITATION 98 2.4. (V) NATIONAL MEASURES
INCOMPATIBLE DUE TO THE EVOLUTION OF THE COMMON MARKET 99 3. THE ABSENCE
OF SUBSTANTIVE ALTERATIONS 101 4. THE PROCEDURE REGARDING EXISTING AID
SCHEMES: THE CONSTANT REVIEW 103 4.1. GENERAL ANNUAL REPORTS FROM MEMBER
STATES, THE ANNUAL UPDATING EXERCISE AND THE STATE AID SCOREBOARD 105
4.2. THE COMMISSION S REQUEST FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 108 5. OPENING
THE FORMAL INVESTIGATION PROCEDURE: THE PRELIMINARY STAGE 109 5.1.
CLOSING OF THE PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION: THE PROPOSAL FOR APPROPRIATE
MEASURES 111 5.2. APPROPRIATE MEASURES IMPLEMENTED BY THE MEMBER
STATE CONCERNED 115 6. THE OPENING OF THE FORMAL INVESTIGATION PROCEDURE
PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 88(2) EC 116 7. EXISTING AID IN NEW MEMBER STATES
117 8. CONCLUSIONS . 121 CHAPTER IV STATE AID AND INSOLVENCY PROCEEDINGS
123 1. STATE AID FOR FIRMS IN DIFFICULTY AND INSOLVENCY PROCEEDINGS:
EUROPEAN COMMUNITY LEGISLATION 123 2. THE EXTRAORDINARY ADMINISTRATION
OF LARGE FIRMS IN INSOLVENCY IN ITALY: FROM THE PRODI ACT TO THE MARZANO
ACT 126 3. PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE COMMISSION IN RELATION TO THE PRODI
ACT 128 4. THE ECOTRADE AND PIAGGIO JUDGMENTS OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF
JUSTICE 129 5. THE COMMISSION S DECISION OF 16 MAY 2002 ON THE PRODI
ACT: SURVIVAL OF PRODI ACT PROVISIONS UNDER ARTICLE 106 OF LEGISLATIVE
DECREE NO 270 OF 8 JULY 1999 131 6. THE ECJ S ORDERS OF 24 JULY 2003 AND
27 JANUARY 2004: THE SCOPE OF THE TRANSITIONAL SCHEME 136 7. THE
PROVISIONS IN THE PRODI ACT THAT HAVE BEEN CONSIDERED STATE AID AS
OPPOSED TO THOSE DEEMED LAWFUL: HOW SUCH DISTINCTION IS REFLECTED IN THE
MARZANO ACT 138 8. CLAWBACK ACTIONS UNDER THE MARZANO ACT: THE PARMALAT
CASE 141 9. HINTS FOR THOUGHT ABOUT JUDGMENT NO. 172 OF 21 APRIL 2006 OF
THE ITALIAN CONSTITUTIONAL COURT 145 X TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER V THE
STATE AID CONTROL PROCESS BEFORE THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 149 1.
FOREWORD: THE PROVISIONS IN THE EC TREATY AND REGULATION NO. 659/1999
149 2. PROCEDURES TO REVIEW DIFFERENT AID SYSTEMS UNDER THE EC TREATY
AND REGULATION NO. 659/1999 150 3. REVIEW OF NOTIFIED AID 151 3.1.
OBLIGATION TO NOTIFY AID 151 3.2. THE NOTIFICATION PROCEDURE 153 3.3.
THE STANDSTILL CLAUSE 155 3.4. COMPLETE NOTIFICATION 156 3.5. EXEMPTIONS
FROM THE OBLIGATION TO NOTIFY 157 3.6. THE REVIEW PROCESS 160 3.7. THE
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION * 161 3.8. THE FORMAL INVESTIGATION 164 3.8.1.
RIGHTS OF INTERESTED PARTIES 166 3.8.2. CLOSING THE FORMAL INVESTIGATION
PROCEDURE 169 3.9. S REVOCATION OF A DECISION 171 4. REVIEWING UNLAWFUL
AID 172 4.1. THE COMMISSION S POWER OF INJUNCTION 175 5. THE REVIEW OF
MISUSED AID ,* 177 6. THE COMMISSION S POWER OF ON-SITE MONITORING 177
7. THE STATE AID ACTION PLAN: HINTS FOR EFFECTIVE REFORM 178 CHAPTER VI
RECOVERY OF UNLAWFUL AND INCOMPATIBLE AID 183 1. THE RECOVERY DECISION
183 1.1. THE RATIONALE BEHIND RECOVERY DECISIONS 183 1.2. CONTENTS OF.
THE ORDER TO RECOVER: INTEREST 185 1.3. LIMITATION PERIOD FOR AN ORDER
TO RECOVER AID 187 2. IMPLEMENTING THE COMMISSION S DECISION 188 2.1.
THE RECOVERY DECISION AND ITS DIRECT EFFECT 188 2.2. THE ADDRESSEES OF
AN ORDER FOR RECOVERY 189 2.3. FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH RECOVERY DECISIONS
(ARTICLE 88(2) EC): DIFFERENCES WITH THE PROCEDURE UNDER ARTICLE 226 EC
193 2.4. STATISTICS 194 3. LIMITS TO THE EXECUTION OF ORDERS FOR
RECOVERY OF AID 195 3.1. THE PRINCIPLE OF THE PROTECTION OF LEGITIMATE
EXPECTATIONS 196 3.2. OTHER PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY LAW 205 3.3.
NATIONAL STATUTES OF LIMITATIONS 207 3.4. ABSOLUTE IMPOSSIBILITY TO
RECOVER AID 210 4. IMPLEMENTATION OF RECOVERY DECISIONS IN ITALY 214 5.
CONCLUSIVE HINTS 218 TABLE OF CONTENTS XI CHAPTER VII THE JUDICIAL PHASE
221 1. JUDICIAL CONTROL OVER DECISIONS RELATING TO STATE AID 221 2.
ARTICLE 230 EC: ACTIONS FOR ANNULMENT 222 2.1. ACTIONS FOR ANNULMENT:
CHALLENGEABLE MEASURES 223 2.2. ACTIONS FOR ANNULMENT: STANDING TO BRING
ACTION 227 2.2.1. PRIVILEGED AND NON-PRIVILEGED APPLICANTS: THE CASE OF
LOCAL OR REGIONAL AUTHORITIES 227 2.2.2. DIRECT CONCERN 229 2.2.3.
INDIVIDUAL CONCERN 230 2.2.4. INTEREST IN BRINGING ACTION 232 2.3.
REVIEW BY THE COMMUNITY COURTS 233 2.3.1. MANIFEST ERROR OF
ASSESSMENT: POTENTIAL CASE-LAW DEVELOPMENTS 233 2.3.2. THE DUTY TO STATE
REASONS 235 3. PRIVATE PARTIES STANDING TO BRING ACTION 240 3.1. THE
BENEFICIARIES OF AID 240 3.2. THE BENEFICIARY S COMPETITORS 243 3.2.1.
DECISIONS ISSUED AT THE END OF FORMAL INVESTIGATION 243 3.2.2. DECISIONS
ISSUED AT THE END OF THE PRELIMINARY PROCEDURE 245 3.3. PROFESSIONAL
ASSOCIATIONS 247 4. ARTICLES 242 AND 243 EC: APPLYING FOR INTERIM
MEASURES 248 5. ARTICLE 232 EC: ACTION FOR FAILURE TO ACT 252 6. ARTICLE
288 EC: ACTION FOR DAMAGES 254 7. ARTICLE 234 EC: PRELIMINARY RULING AS
TO VALIDITY 254 8. NEW DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSIBILITIES BETWEEN THE
EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE AND THE COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE: CONFLICT OF
JURISDICTION 259 CHAPTER VIII UNLAWFUL STATE AID: PROTECTION BY NATIONAL
COURTS 263 1. THE NOTION OF UNLAWFUL AID . 263 2. DIRECT APPLICABILITY
OF ARTICLE 88(3) EC, LAST SENTENCE: THE NATIONAL COURTS ROLE
COMPLEMENTARY TO, AND DISTINCT FROM, THE COMMISSION S 264 3. LEGAL
QUALIFICATION OF SPECIFIC STATE AID AS A PRELIMINARY QUESTION 265 4.
QUALIFICATION BY NATIONAL COURTS OF SPECIFIC MEASURES AS STATE AID 267
5. CO-OPERATION BETWEEN NATIONAL COURTS AND THE COMMISSION IN THE FIELD
OF STATE AID 271 6. PRELIMINARY REFERENCE TO THE ECJ 273 7. CONFLICTS
BETWEEN NATIONAL COURTS AND THE COMMISSION IN QUALIFYING A MEASURE AS
STATE AID 274 8. THE POWERS AND ROLE OF NATIONAL COURTS IN THE FIELD OF
STATE AID: AN OVERVIEW 275 XII - TABLE OF CONTENTS 9. LEGAL ISSUES
ARISING FROM INFRINGEMENTS OF THE STANDSTILL CLAUSE: THE ALLOCATION OF
JURISDICTION 277 10. JUDICIAL ACTIONS 278 10.1. A COMPETITOR S JUDICIAL
ACTIONS AGAINST UNLAWFUL AID: CHALLENGING ADMINISTRATIVE MEASURES
GRANTING AID 278 10.2. CHALLENGING GENERAL MEETINGS RESOLUTIONS FOR
UNLAWFULNESS OF THE OBJECT 10.3. ACTIONS FOR UNFAIR COMPETITION 10.4.
ACTIONS FOR DAMAGES AGAINST THE STATE 11. INTERIM RELIEF AND THE REFORM
OF PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES 12. PROBLEMATIC QUALIFICATION OF ACTIONS FOR
DAMAGES BROUGHT BY AID RECIPIENTS AGAINST THE STATE CHAPTER IX
PROFESSIONAL SPORT AND COMPETITION 1. PRELIMINARY REMARKS 2. SPORTS AND
COMPETITION IN EUROPE 2.1. THE HEART OF THE MATTER 2.2. CASES OF PUBLIC
ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL SUPPORT 3. STRUCTURAL MEASURES IN SUPPORT OF
NATIONAL FOOTBALL CLUBS 3.1. UNITED KINGDOM: AID TO THE MODERNIZATION OF
FOOTBALL STADIUMS 3.2. FRANCE: SOCIAL SUBSIDIES 3.3. GERMANY: TAX
RELIEF FOR LOW-INCOME WORKERS WORKING IN TEAMS, ON HOLIDAYS AND/OR AT
NIGHT-TIME 3.4. SPAIN: AID ARISING FROM BETTING AND NEW REGIME
APPLICABLE TO NON-RESIDENT EMPLOYEES COMING TO SPAIN 3.5. ARTICLE IS-BIS
OF LAW 91/81: THE ONLY AID TO PROFESSIONAL SPORT IN ITALY 3.6. THE
COMMISSION DECISION TO INITIATE STATE AID PROCEEDINGS AGAINST ITALY 3.7.
THE COMMISSION S APPROACH TO AID TO SPORTS INFRASTRUCTURE 4. THE SCHEME
FOR THE REORGANIZATION OF THE SECTOR IN ITALY 4.1. INTRODUCTION 4.2.
RECENT INITIATIVES BY C.O.N.I. AND F.I.G.C. 4.3. POSSIBLE LEGISLATIVE
ACTIONS ANNEX I COMMISSION DECISIONS CITED IN THE TEXT ANNEX II ECJ
JUDGMENTS AND ORDERS CITED IN THE TEXT TABLE OF CONTENTS XIII ANNEX III
CFI JUDGMENTS AND ORDERS CITED IN THE TEXT 333 ANNEX IV EC STATE AID
RULES CITED IN THE TEXT 339 ANNEX V REFERRAL ORDER OF 11 FEBRUARY 2004
GENOA TAX PROVINCIAL COMMISSION (ENGLISH VERSION TRANSLATED FROM
ITALIAN) 345 ANNEX VI ECJ JUDGMENT OF 15 DECEMBER 2005 CASE C-148/04 357
ANNEX VII REFERRAL ORDER OF 28 FEBRUARY 2006 PORDENONE TAX PROVINCIAL
COMMISSION (ENGLISH VERSION TRANSLATED FROM ITALIAN) 377 ANNEX VIII ECJ
ORDER OF 14 SEPTEMBER 2006 CASE C-336/04 381 ANNEX IX JUDGMENT OF 27
FEBRUARY 2007 PORDENONE TAX PROVINCIAL COMMISSION (ENGLISH VERSION
TRANSLATED FROM ITALIAN) 391 ANNEX X - ORDER OF TAR BRESCIA OF 21 MARCH
2006 399 BIBLIOGRAPHY 405 INDEX 413
|
| adam_txt |
COMPETITION AND STATE AID AN ANALYSIS OF THE EC PRACTICE EDITED BY
ALBERTO SANTA MARIA PREPARED BY STUDIO SANTA MARIA CLAUDIO BISCARETTI DI
RUFFIA MARTINO EBNER EDOARDO GAMBARO NICCOLO LANDI ANTONIO PAPI ROSSI
PAOLA PIRODDI MAIA M. E. RENI ALBERTO SANTA MARIA ALBERTO TEDOLDI KLUWER
LAW INTERNATIONAL TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 1. FOREWORD 1 2. THE
COMMISSION'S EXTENSIVE APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 87 EC, PARTICULARLY IN
RELATION TO STATE AID SCHEMES: A CRITICISM 3 3. AID BY ACT OF LAW IN THE
US JURISDICTION. NEW POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS UNDER COMMUNITY LAW / 9 4. STATE
AID BY LAW AND THE ENLARGEMENT OF THE COMMUNITY 12 5. RECOVERY
INJUNCTIONS AND THE RIGHT OF DEFENCE '* 13 CHAPTER I THE NOTION OF STATE
AID 15 1. INTRODUCTION 15 2. THE REQUIREMENTS , 16 2.1. STATE
INTERVENTION 17 2.1.1. IMPUTABILITY TO THE STATE AND THE TRANSFER OF
STATE RESOURCES 17 2.1.2. FROM THE ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO THE
CUMULATIVE APPROACH 20 2.2. THE GRATUITOUS ADVANTAGE CONCEPT 21 2.2.1.
THE AID RECIPIENT - THE NOTION OF 'UNDERTAKING' 21 2.2.2. THE GRATUITOUS
ADVANTAGE CONCEPT 23 2.2.3. THE PRIVATE-INVESTOR CRITERION 23 2.2.4. THE
PRIVATE-CREDITOR CRITERION 25 2.2.5. OBJECTIVE JUSTIFICATIONS 26 2.3.
THE SELECTIVITY CRITERION 27 VIII TABLE OF CONTENTS 2.4. DISTORTION OF
COMPETITION AND ITS IMPACT ON TRADE BETWEEN MEMBER STATES - THE
SIGNIFICANCE OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 30 2.5. THE NEW STATE AID ACTION PLAN
OF 2005 . 36 3. HOW ARTICLE 87 EC RELATES TO OTHER PROVISIONS OF THE EC
TREATY 38 3.1. ARTICLE 28 EC 39 3.2. ARTICLE 31 EC 40 3.3. ARTICLE 36 EC
41 3.4. ARTICLES 39, 43, 44.2(H) AND 49 EC 41 3.5. ARTICLE 73 EC , 42
3.6. ARTICLES 81 AND 82 EC, AND REGULATION (EC) NO. 139/2004 42 3.7.
ARTICLE 90 EC 44 4. STATE AID AND SERVICES OF GENERAL INTEREST 44
CHAPTER II EXEMPTIONS FROM THE GENERAL INCOMPATIBILITY PRINCIPLE UNDER
ARTICLE 87 (2) AND (3) OF THE EC TREATY * 49 FOREWORD: EXEMPTIONS UNDER
ARTICLES 87(2) AND (3) OF THE EC TREATY IN GENERAL 49 1. STATE AID
COMPATIBLE IPSO JURE WITH THE COMMON MARKET UNDER ARTICLE 87(2) OF THE
EC TREATY 50 1.1. AID HAVING A SOCIAL CHARACTER, GRANTED TO INDIVIDUAL
CONSUMERS 51 1.2. AID TO MAKE GOOD THE DAMAGE CAUSED BY NATURAL
DISASTERS OR OTHER EXCEPTIONAL OCCURRENCES 51 1.3. AID GRANTED TO THE
ECONOMY OF CERTAIN AREAS OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY . 55 2. AID
THAT MAY BE CONSIDERED COMPATIBLE WITH THE COMMON MARKET WITHIN THE
MEANING OF ARTICLE 87(3) OF THE EC TREATY: THE POWERS OF THE EUROPEAN
COMMISSION 55 2.1. STATE AID FOR REGIONAL PURPOSES UNDER ARTICLES 87(3)
(A) AND (C) OF THE EC TREATY 56 2.2. THE CARRYING OUT OF AN IMPORTANT
PROJECT OF COMMON EUROPEAN INTEREST AND SERIOUS DISTURBANCE OF THE
ECONOMY OF A MEMBER STATE, WITHIN THE MEANING OF ARTICLE 87(3)(B) OF THE
EC TREATY 60 2.3. AID TO PROMOTE CULTURE AND HERITAGE CONSERVATION UNDER
ARTICLE 87(3)(D) OF THE EC TREATY 61 3. STATE AID TO SMES 63 3.1.
DEFINITION OF SMES 63 3.2." STATE AID TO SMES 65 4. STATE AID WITH
HORIZONTAL OBJECTIVES 68 4.1. STATE AID FOR RESCUING AND RESTRUCTURING
FIRMS IN DIFFICULTY 68 4.2. STATE AID AND RISK CAPITAL 72 4.3. STATE AID
FOR VOCATIONAL TRAINING 75 4.4. STATE AID FOR RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND
INNOVATION 77 4.5. STATE AID FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 82 4.6. STATE
AID FOR EMPLOYMENT 85 TABLE OF CONTENTS IX CHAPTER III EXISTING AID 89
1. FOREWORD 89 2. THE EXISTING AID NOTION IN REGULATION NO 659/1999 91
2.1. (I) AID EXISTING PRIOR TO THE TREATY OR TO THE ACCESSION OF A NEW
STATE 93 2.2. (II) AUTHORIZED AID (III) AID SILENTLY AUTHORIZED 94 2.3.
(IV) AID SUBJECT TO LIMITATION 98 2.4. (V) NATIONAL MEASURES
INCOMPATIBLE DUE TO THE EVOLUTION OF THE COMMON MARKET 99 3. THE ABSENCE
OF SUBSTANTIVE ALTERATIONS 101 4. THE PROCEDURE REGARDING EXISTING AID
SCHEMES: THE CONSTANT REVIEW 103 4.1. GENERAL ANNUAL REPORTS FROM MEMBER
STATES, THE ANNUAL UPDATING EXERCISE AND THE STATE AID SCOREBOARD 105
4.2. THE COMMISSION'S REQUEST FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 108 5. OPENING
THE FORMAL INVESTIGATION PROCEDURE: THE PRELIMINARY STAGE 109 5.1.
CLOSING OF THE PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION: THE PROPOSAL FOR 'APPROPRIATE
MEASURES' 111 5.2. 'APPROPRIATE MEASURES' IMPLEMENTED BY THE MEMBER
STATE CONCERNED 115 6. THE OPENING OF THE FORMAL INVESTIGATION PROCEDURE
PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 88(2) EC 116 7. EXISTING AID IN NEW MEMBER STATES
117 8. CONCLUSIONS . 121 CHAPTER IV STATE AID AND INSOLVENCY PROCEEDINGS
123 1. STATE AID FOR FIRMS IN DIFFICULTY AND INSOLVENCY PROCEEDINGS:
EUROPEAN COMMUNITY LEGISLATION 123 2. THE EXTRAORDINARY ADMINISTRATION
OF LARGE FIRMS IN INSOLVENCY IN ITALY: FROM THE PRODI ACT TO THE MARZANO
ACT 126 3. PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE COMMISSION IN RELATION TO THE PRODI
ACT 128 4. THE ECOTRADE AND PIAGGIO JUDGMENTS OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF
JUSTICE 129 5. THE COMMISSION'S DECISION OF 16 MAY 2002 ON THE PRODI
ACT: SURVIVAL" OF PRODI ACT PROVISIONS UNDER ARTICLE 106 OF LEGISLATIVE
DECREE NO 270 OF 8 JULY 1999 131 6. THE ECJ'S ORDERS OF 24 JULY 2003 AND
27 JANUARY 2004: THE SCOPE OF THE TRANSITIONAL SCHEME 136 7. THE
PROVISIONS IN THE PRODI ACT THAT HAVE BEEN CONSIDERED STATE AID AS
OPPOSED TO THOSE DEEMED LAWFUL: HOW SUCH DISTINCTION IS REFLECTED IN THE
MARZANO ACT 138 8. CLAWBACK ACTIONS UNDER THE MARZANO ACT: THE PARMALAT
CASE 141 9. HINTS FOR THOUGHT ABOUT JUDGMENT NO. 172 OF 21 APRIL 2006 OF
THE ITALIAN CONSTITUTIONAL COURT 145 X TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER V THE
STATE AID CONTROL PROCESS BEFORE THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 149 1.
FOREWORD: THE PROVISIONS IN THE EC TREATY AND REGULATION NO. 659/1999
149 2. PROCEDURES TO REVIEW DIFFERENT AID SYSTEMS UNDER THE EC TREATY
AND REGULATION NO. 659/1999 150 3. REVIEW OF NOTIFIED AID 151 3.1.
OBLIGATION TO NOTIFY AID 151 3.2. THE NOTIFICATION PROCEDURE 153 3.3.
THE STANDSTILL CLAUSE 155 3.4. COMPLETE NOTIFICATION 156 3.5. EXEMPTIONS
FROM THE OBLIGATION TO NOTIFY 157 3.6. THE REVIEW PROCESS 160 3.7. THE
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION * 161 3.8. THE FORMAL INVESTIGATION 164 3.8.1.
RIGHTS OF INTERESTED PARTIES 166 3.8.2. CLOSING THE FORMAL INVESTIGATION
PROCEDURE 169 3.9. S REVOCATION OF A DECISION 171 4. REVIEWING UNLAWFUL
AID 172 4.1. THE COMMISSION'S POWER OF INJUNCTION 175 5. THE REVIEW OF
MISUSED AID ,* 177 6. THE COMMISSION'S POWER OF ON-SITE MONITORING 177
7. THE STATE AID ACTION PLAN: HINTS FOR EFFECTIVE REFORM 178 CHAPTER VI
RECOVERY OF UNLAWFUL AND INCOMPATIBLE AID 183 1. THE RECOVERY DECISION
183 1.1. THE RATIONALE BEHIND RECOVERY DECISIONS 183 1.2. CONTENTS OF.
THE ORDER TO RECOVER: INTEREST 185 1.3. LIMITATION PERIOD FOR AN ORDER
TO RECOVER AID 187 2. IMPLEMENTING THE COMMISSION'S DECISION 188 2.1.
THE RECOVERY DECISION AND ITS DIRECT EFFECT 188 2.2. THE ADDRESSEES OF
AN ORDER FOR RECOVERY 189 2.3. FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH RECOVERY DECISIONS
(ARTICLE 88(2) EC): DIFFERENCES WITH THE PROCEDURE UNDER ARTICLE 226 EC
193 2.4. STATISTICS 194 3. LIMITS TO THE EXECUTION OF ORDERS FOR
RECOVERY OF AID 195 3.1. THE PRINCIPLE OF THE PROTECTION OF LEGITIMATE
EXPECTATIONS 196 3.2. OTHER PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY LAW 205 3.3.
NATIONAL STATUTES OF LIMITATIONS 207 3.4. ABSOLUTE IMPOSSIBILITY TO
RECOVER AID 210 4. IMPLEMENTATION OF RECOVERY DECISIONS IN ITALY 214 5.
CONCLUSIVE HINTS 218 TABLE OF CONTENTS XI CHAPTER VII THE JUDICIAL PHASE
221 1. JUDICIAL CONTROL OVER DECISIONS RELATING TO STATE AID 221 2.
ARTICLE 230 EC: ACTIONS FOR ANNULMENT 222 2.1. ACTIONS FOR ANNULMENT:
CHALLENGEABLE MEASURES 223 2.2. ACTIONS FOR ANNULMENT: STANDING TO BRING
ACTION 227 2.2.1. PRIVILEGED AND NON-PRIVILEGED APPLICANTS: THE CASE OF
LOCAL OR REGIONAL AUTHORITIES 227 2.2.2. DIRECT CONCERN 229 2.2.3.
INDIVIDUAL CONCERN 230 2.2.4. INTEREST IN BRINGING ACTION 232 2.3.
REVIEW BY THE COMMUNITY COURTS 233 2.3.1. MANIFEST ERROR OF
ASSESSMENT: POTENTIAL CASE-LAW DEVELOPMENTS 233 2.3.2. THE DUTY TO STATE
REASONS 235 3. PRIVATE PARTIES' STANDING TO BRING ACTION 240 3.1. THE
BENEFICIARIES OF AID 240 3.2. THE BENEFICIARY'S COMPETITORS 243 3.2.1.
DECISIONS ISSUED AT THE END OF FORMAL INVESTIGATION 243 3.2.2. DECISIONS
ISSUED AT THE END OF THE PRELIMINARY PROCEDURE 245 3.3. PROFESSIONAL
ASSOCIATIONS 247 4. ARTICLES 242 AND 243 EC: APPLYING FOR INTERIM
MEASURES 248 5. ARTICLE 232 EC: ACTION FOR FAILURE TO ACT 252 6. ARTICLE
288 EC: ACTION FOR DAMAGES 254 7. ARTICLE 234 EC: PRELIMINARY RULING AS
TO VALIDITY 254 8. NEW DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSIBILITIES BETWEEN THE
EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE AND THE COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE: CONFLICT OF
JURISDICTION 259 CHAPTER VIII UNLAWFUL STATE AID: PROTECTION BY NATIONAL
COURTS 263 1. THE NOTION OF UNLAWFUL AID . 263 2. DIRECT APPLICABILITY
OF ARTICLE 88(3) EC, LAST SENTENCE: THE NATIONAL COURTS' ROLE
COMPLEMENTARY TO, AND DISTINCT FROM, THE COMMISSION'S 264 3. LEGAL
QUALIFICATION OF SPECIFIC STATE AID AS A PRELIMINARY QUESTION 265 4.
QUALIFICATION BY NATIONAL COURTS OF SPECIFIC MEASURES AS STATE AID 267
5. CO-OPERATION BETWEEN NATIONAL COURTS AND THE COMMISSION IN THE FIELD
OF STATE AID 271 6. PRELIMINARY REFERENCE TO THE ECJ 273 7. CONFLICTS
BETWEEN NATIONAL COURTS AND THE COMMISSION IN QUALIFYING A MEASURE AS
STATE AID 274 8. THE POWERS AND ROLE OF NATIONAL COURTS IN THE FIELD OF
STATE AID: AN OVERVIEW 275 XII - TABLE OF CONTENTS 9. LEGAL ISSUES
ARISING FROM INFRINGEMENTS OF THE STANDSTILL CLAUSE: THE ALLOCATION OF
JURISDICTION 277 10. JUDICIAL ACTIONS 278 10.1. A COMPETITOR'S JUDICIAL
ACTIONS AGAINST UNLAWFUL AID: CHALLENGING ADMINISTRATIVE MEASURES
GRANTING AID 278 10.2. CHALLENGING GENERAL MEETINGS' RESOLUTIONS FOR
UNLAWFULNESS OF THE OBJECT 10.3. ACTIONS FOR UNFAIR COMPETITION 10.4.
ACTIONS FOR DAMAGES AGAINST THE STATE 11. INTERIM RELIEF AND THE REFORM
OF PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES 12. PROBLEMATIC QUALIFICATION OF ACTIONS FOR
DAMAGES BROUGHT BY AID RECIPIENTS AGAINST THE STATE CHAPTER IX
PROFESSIONAL SPORT AND COMPETITION 1. PRELIMINARY REMARKS 2. SPORTS AND
COMPETITION IN EUROPE 2.1. THE HEART OF THE MATTER 2.2. CASES OF PUBLIC
ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL SUPPORT 3. STRUCTURAL MEASURES IN SUPPORT OF
NATIONAL FOOTBALL CLUBS 3.1. UNITED KINGDOM: AID TO THE MODERNIZATION OF
FOOTBALL STADIUMS 3.2. FRANCE: 'SOCIAL SUBSIDIES' 3.3. GERMANY: TAX
RELIEF FOR LOW-INCOME WORKERS WORKING IN TEAMS, ON HOLIDAYS AND/OR AT
NIGHT-TIME 3.4. SPAIN: AID ARISING FROM BETTING AND NEW REGIME
APPLICABLE TO NON-RESIDENT EMPLOYEES COMING TO SPAIN 3.5. ARTICLE IS-BIS
OF LAW 91/81: THE ONLY AID TO PROFESSIONAL SPORT IN ITALY 3.6. THE
COMMISSION DECISION TO INITIATE STATE AID PROCEEDINGS AGAINST ITALY 3.7.
THE COMMISSION'S APPROACH TO AID TO SPORTS INFRASTRUCTURE 4. THE SCHEME
FOR THE REORGANIZATION OF THE SECTOR IN ITALY 4.1. INTRODUCTION 4.2.
RECENT INITIATIVES BY C.O.N.I. AND F.I.G.C. 4.3. POSSIBLE LEGISLATIVE
ACTIONS ANNEX I COMMISSION DECISIONS CITED IN THE TEXT ANNEX II ECJ
JUDGMENTS AND ORDERS CITED IN THE TEXT TABLE OF CONTENTS XIII ANNEX III
CFI JUDGMENTS AND ORDERS CITED IN THE TEXT 333 ANNEX IV EC STATE AID
RULES CITED IN THE TEXT 339 ANNEX V REFERRAL ORDER OF 11 FEBRUARY 2004
GENOA TAX PROVINCIAL COMMISSION (ENGLISH VERSION TRANSLATED FROM
ITALIAN) 345 ANNEX VI ECJ JUDGMENT OF 15 DECEMBER 2005 CASE C-148/04 357
ANNEX VII REFERRAL ORDER OF 28 FEBRUARY 2006 PORDENONE TAX PROVINCIAL
COMMISSION (ENGLISH VERSION TRANSLATED FROM ITALIAN) 377 ANNEX VIII ECJ
ORDER OF 14 SEPTEMBER 2006 CASE C-336/04 381 ANNEX IX JUDGMENT OF 27
FEBRUARY 2007 PORDENONE TAX PROVINCIAL COMMISSION (ENGLISH VERSION
TRANSLATED FROM ITALIAN) 391 ANNEX X - ORDER OF TAR BRESCIA OF 21 MARCH
2006 399 BIBLIOGRAPHY 405 INDEX 413 |
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| geographic | EU-landen gtt Europäische Union swd Europäische Union. Mitgliedsstaaten |
| geographic_facet | EU-landen Europäische Union Europäische Union. Mitgliedsstaaten |
| id | DE-604.BV022887100 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T18:52:14Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:07:46Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789041126177 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016091993 |
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| physical | XIII, 418 S. |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSearch | 2007 |
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| publisher | Kluwer Law International |
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| series | International competition law series |
| series2 | International competition law series |
| spelling | Competition and state aid an analysis of the EC practice ed. by Alberto Santa Maria Alphen aan den Rijn Kluwer Law International 2007 XIII, 418 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier International competition law series 32 Europees recht gtt Overheidssteun gtt Subvention swd Wettbewerbsrecht swd Europarecht Recht Bankruptcy European Union countries Competition European Union countries Professional sports Law and legislation European Union countries Subsidies Law and legislation European Union countries EU-landen gtt Europäische Union swd Europäische Union. Mitgliedsstaaten Santa Maria, Alberto Sonstige (DE-588)171003128 oth International competition law series 32 (DE-604)BV014209489 32 GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016091993&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Competition and state aid an analysis of the EC practice International competition law series Europees recht gtt Overheidssteun gtt Subvention swd Wettbewerbsrecht swd Europarecht Recht Bankruptcy European Union countries Competition European Union countries Professional sports Law and legislation European Union countries Subsidies Law and legislation European Union countries |
| title | Competition and state aid an analysis of the EC practice |
| title_auth | Competition and state aid an analysis of the EC practice |
| title_exact_search | Competition and state aid an analysis of the EC practice |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Competition and state aid an analysis of the EC practice |
| title_full | Competition and state aid an analysis of the EC practice ed. by Alberto Santa Maria |
| title_fullStr | Competition and state aid an analysis of the EC practice ed. by Alberto Santa Maria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Competition and state aid an analysis of the EC practice ed. by Alberto Santa Maria |
| title_short | Competition and state aid |
| title_sort | competition and state aid an analysis of the ec practice |
| title_sub | an analysis of the EC practice |
| topic | Europees recht gtt Overheidssteun gtt Subvention swd Wettbewerbsrecht swd Europarecht Recht Bankruptcy European Union countries Competition European Union countries Professional sports Law and legislation European Union countries Subsidies Law and legislation European Union countries |
| topic_facet | Europees recht Overheidssteun Subvention Wettbewerbsrecht Europarecht Recht Bankruptcy European Union countries Competition European Union countries Professional sports Law and legislation European Union countries Subsidies Law and legislation European Union countries EU-landen Europäische Union Europäische Union. Mitgliedsstaaten |
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