A study of Chinese colour terminology
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| 082 | 0 | |a 495.10143 |2 22/ger | |
| 084 | |a 490 |2 sdnb | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Xu, Weiyuan |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a A study of Chinese colour terminology |c Weiynan Xu |
| 264 | 1 | |a Muenchen |b LINCOM Europa |c 2007 | |
| 300 | |a XII, 209 S. |b graph. Darst. |c 24 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a LINCOM studies in Chinese linguistics |v 1 | |
| 502 | |a Zugl.: Diss. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Chinese language |v Glossaries, vocabularies, etc | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Chinese language |x Study and teaching |x Foreign speakers | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Chinese language |x Terms and phrases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Color |v Terminology | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Chinesisch |0 (DE-588)4113214-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Farbbezeichnung |0 (DE-588)4140403-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 655 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4113937-9 |a Hochschulschrift |2 gnd-content | |
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| 830 | 0 | |a LINCOM studies in Chinese linguistics |v 1 |w (DE-604)BV023284448 |9 1 | |
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| adam_text | TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS II
TABLE OF CONTENTS ni
LIST OF FIGURES VII
LIST OF TABLES XI
ABBREVIATIONS XII
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. SENSATION AND PERCEPTION OF COLOUR 1
1.2. PREVIOUS RESEARCHES IN COLOUR TERMINOLOGY 3
1.2.1. PRE BERLIN KAY 4
1.2.2. BERLIN KAY 6
1.2.3. POST BERLIN KAY 11
1.2.4. COMMENTS ON RESEARCHES IN THE POST BERLIN KAY
PERIOD 17
1.3. CHINESE LANGUAGE AND STUDIES OF MANDARIN COLOUR
TERMINO LOGY IN LITERATURE 23
1.3.1. CHINESE LANGUAGE 23
1.3.2. MODERN STANDARD CHINESE 24
1.3.3. STUDIES OF MANDARIN COLOUR TERMINOLOGY IN LITERATURE
25
1.4. PURPOSES OF THE PRESENT STUDY 26
CHAPTER TWO: SEMANTIC STRUCTURE OF COLOUR TERMINOLOGY IN
MODERN STANDARD CHINESE 27
2.1.FIELDWORK 27
2.1.1. THE SAMPLE 28
2.1.2. COLOUR STIMULI 28
2.1.3. TESTING STAGES 29
2.1.4. SOME CAVEATS ABOUT THE DATA 30
2.2. PERFORMANCE OF THE SAMPLE 32
2.2.1. INTER PERSON VOCABULARY DIFFERENCES 32
2.2.2. INTER STIMULUS DIFFERENCES 32
2.2.3. INTER STAGE DIFFERENCES 35
2.3. REPERTOIRE 37
2.3.1. MONOMORPHEMIC TERMS 41
2.3.2. COMPOUNDS 41
2.3.3. COLOUR TERMS IN THE DICTIONARIES 45
2.4. BASIC COLOUR TERMS IN MSC 49
2.4.1. HSi BLACK 49
2.4.2. Ah WHITE 50
2.4.3. Hut GREY 52
2.4.4. Hdng RED 53
2.4.5. Huang YELLOW 55
2.4.6. Lu GREEN 56
2.4.7. Lan BLUE 58
2.4.8. Zi PURPLE 59
IV
2.4.9. OVERALL DISTRIBUTION OF BASIC COLOUR TERMS 60
2.4.10. SUMMARY 65
2.5. SECONDARY COLOUR TERMS IN MSC 67
2.5.1. Fin PINK 68
2.5.2. Qtng GRUE 69
2.5.3. Hi BROWN , zOngse COIR COLOUR AND kOfSise COFFEE
COLOUR 70
2.5.4. SUMMARY 74
2.6. TERTIARY COLOUR TERMS AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN MSC 75
2.6.1. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN hei 76
2.6.2. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN bdi 77
2.6.3. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN hut. 80
2.6.4. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN hdng 82
2.6.4.1. Hdng TERTIARY COLOUR TERMS OCCURRED IN BOTH
TESTS 82
2.6.4.2. Hdng TERTIARY COLOUR TERMS OCCURRED ONLY IN THE
NAMING TEST 85
2.6.4.3. PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN hdng 86
2.6.5. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN hudng 88
2.6.5.1. TERTIARY COLOUR TERMS IN hudng 88
2.6.5.2. PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN hudng 91
2.6.6. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN lii 92
2.6.6.1. Li TERTIARY COLOUR TERMS OCCURRED IN BOTH TESTS92
2.6.6.2. iJ TERTIARY COLOUR TERMS OCCURRED ONLY IN THE
NAMING TEST 96
2.6.6.3. PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN lu 98
2.6.7. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN Idn 98
2.6.8. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN zf. 100
2.6.9. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN SECONDARY
COLOUR CATEGORIES 101
2.6.10. OTHER TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN MSC 104
2.6.10.1. N SES OCCURRED IN BOTH TESTS 104
2.6.10.2. N SES OCCURRED ONLY IN THE NAMING TEST 107
2.6.10.3. N SES OCCURRED ONLY IN THE COMPREHENSION TEST 108
2.6.10.4. OTHER TYPES OF PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS 110
2.6.11. SUMMARY 112
CHAPTER THREE:THE USAGES OF MSC COLOUR TERMS IN LITERATURE. 114
3.1. FREQUENCY OF COLOUR TERMS IN MODERN CHINESE LITERATURE
114
3.2. SYNTACTIC FUNCTIONS OF COLOUR TERMS IN MSC 120
3.2.1. COLOUR TERMS USED AS ATTRIBUTIVES 121
3.2.2. COLOUR TERMS USED AS PREDICATES 122
3.2.3. COLOUR TERMS USED AS SUBJECTS AND OBJECTS 126
3.2.4. COLOUR TERMS USED AS COMPLEMENTS 128
3.2.5. COLOUR TERMS USED AS ADVERBIALS 129
3.2.6. COLOUR TERMS AS THE HEADS OF EXTENDED CONSTRUCTIONS
129
3.2.7. COLOUR TERMS IN COORDINATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS 133
3.3. REDUPLICATION OF COLOUR TERMS 135
3.4. COLOUR TERMS AND WORD CLASSES 136
3.5. COLOUR TERMS IN THE DESCRIPTION OF COMPLEXION 140
V
3.6. FIGURATIVE USAGES OF COLOUR TERMS IN MODERN CHINESE
LITERATURE 145
3.6.1. FIGURATIVE USAGES OF bdi IN MODERN CHINESE LITERATURE
145
3.6.2. FIGURATIVE USAGES OF hSi IN MODERN CHINESE LITERATURE
146
3.6.3. FIGURATIVE USAGES OF chllhong IN MODERN CHINESE
LITERATURE 147
3.6.4. FIGURATIVE USAGES OF hudng IN MODERN CHINESE
LITERATURE 148
3.6.5. FIGURATIVE USAGES OF OTHER COLOUR TERMS IN MODERN
CHINESE LITERATURE 149
3.7. SUMMARY 150
CHAPTER FOUR: THE EVOLUTION OF CHINESE COLOUR TERMINOLOGY. 151
4.1.PROTO CHINESE( 1100bc) 152
4.1.1. THE WRITING SYSTEM OF PROTO CHINESE 152
4.1.2. COLOUR TERMINOLOGY IN PROTO CHINESE 153
4.1.3. A STAGE IIIA SYSTEM 154
4.2. ANCIENT CHINESE (circa 1100 bc 220 ad) 155
4.2.1. DEVELOPMENT OF THE WRITING SYSTEM IN ANCIENT CHINESE
155
4.2.2. SHUOWEN JIEZI AND COLOUR TERMINOLOGY IN ANCIENT
CHINESE 156
4.2.3. USAGES OF COLOUR TERMS IN ANCIENT CHINESE LITERATURE
162
4.2.3.1. DISTRIBUTION OF COLOUR TERMS IN ANCIENT CHINESE
LITERATURE 163
4.2.3.2. SYNTACTIC FUNCTIONS AND REDUPLICATION OF COLOUR
TERMS IN ANCIENT
CHINESE LITERATURE 166
4.2.3.3. DISCUSSION ON SOME WORDS INITIATED WITH COLOUR
MORPHEMES 168
4.2.3.4. FIGURATIVE USAGES OF COLOUR TERMS IN ANCIENT
CHINESE LITERATURE 170
4.2.3.5. SUMMARY 170
4.3. MIDDLE CHINESE (220 1840 ad) 171
4.3.1. COLOUR TERMINOLOGY IN MIDDLE CHINESE 171
4.3.2. USAGES OF COLOUR TERMS IN MIDDLE CHINESE LITERATURE
178
4.3.2.1. DISTRIBUTION OF COLOUR TERMS IN MIDDLE CHINESE
LITERATURE 178
4.3.2.2. DEVELOPMENT OF SYNTACTIC FUNCTIONS OF COLOUR
TERMS IN MIDDLE
CHINESE LITERATURE 180
4.3.2.3. FIGURATIVE USAGES OF COLOUR TERMS IN MIDDLE
CHINESE LITERATURE 182
4.3.3. DEVELOPMENT OF COLOUR TERMINOLOGY AFTER MIDDLE
CHINESE 184
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION 186
5.1. THE REPERTOIRE AND INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF CHINESE COLOUR
TERMINOLOGY 186
VI
5.2. SYNTACTIC FUNCTIONS AND VERSATILITY OF CHINESE COLOUR
TERMS 187
5.3. DEVELOPMENT OF FIGURATIVE USAGES OF CHINESE COLOUR TERMS
188
5.4. INFLUENCE OF EXTRA LINGUISTIC REALITY ON COLOUR
TERMINOLOGY 188
5.5. EVOLUTION OF CHINESE BASIC COLOUR TERMS 191
5.6. LINGUISTIC RELATIVITY AND UNIVERSALITY 192
APPENDIX A: PERSONALIA OF THE INFORMANTS 193
APPENDIX B: CALCULATION OF THE AGREEMENT INDEX 195
APPENDIX C: CALCULATION OF THE CONSISTENCY INDEX 196
BIBLIOGRAPHY 197
VII
LIST OF FIGURES
Fig. 1.1 Diagrammatic representation of the three dimensional colour solid 3
Fig. 1.2.2.1 Berlin Kay s evolutionary sequence of basic colour terms 7
Fig. 1.2.2.2 Foci and boundaries of basic colour terms in Cantonese (from Berlin Kay) 9
Fig. 1.2.2.3 Foci and boundaries of basic colour terms in Mandarin (from Berlin Kay) 9
Fig. 1.2.2.4 Distribution of YELLOW in the MSC Grouping Test by Cantonese speakers 9
Fig. 1.2.3 Modified evolutionary sequence of basic colour categories 14
Fig. 1.3.3.1 Foci of RED, YELLOW, GREEN and BLUE for Mandarin monolinguals 25
Fig. 1.3.3.2 Foci of RED, YELLOW, GREEN and BLUE for Mandarin English bilinguals..26
Fig. 2.1.2 Arrangement of the Munsell colour chart 29
Fig. 2.2.1.1 Distribution of the number of colour terms by the number of informants 33
Fig. 2.2.1.2 Distribution of the number of morphemes by the number of informants 33
Fig. 2.2.1.3 Trend of the ratio of the number of morphemes to the number of colour terms...33
Fig. 2.2.2.1 Distribution of the colour terms for cells N10 and 2.5YR9 34
Fig. 2.2.2.2 Correlation between the agreement index and the degree of brightness 36
Fig. 2.2.2.3 Correlation between the consistency index and the degree of brightness 36
Fig. 2.4.1.1 Distribution of hei in the Naming Test 49
Fig. 2.4.1.2 Distribution of Aft in the Grouping Test 50
Fig. 2.4.1.3 Distribution of the typical examples of AS in the Focus Selection Test 50
Fig. 2.4.1.4 Distribution of Aft in the Comprehension Test 50
Fig. 2.4.2.1 Distribution ofAai in the Naming Test 51
Fig. 2.4.2.2 Distribution of bdi in the Grouping Test 51
Fig. 2.4.2.3 Distribution of typical example of bdi in the Focus Selection Test 51
Fig. 2.4.2.4 Distribution of bdi in the Comprehension Test 52
Fig. 2.4.3.1 Distribution of Aafin the Naming Test 52
Fig. 2.4.3.2 Distribution of A«f in the Grouping Test 53
Fig. 2.4.3.3 Distribution of typical examples of huT in the Focus Selection Test 53
Fig. 2.4.3.4 Distribution of huTin the Comprehension Test 53
Fig. 2.4.4.1 Distribution of hong in the Naming Test 54
Fig. 2.4.4.2 Distribution ofhdng in the Grouping Test 54
Fig. 2.4.4.3 Distribution of typical examples of hong in the Focus Selection Test 54
Fig. 2.4.4.4 Distribution of hdng in the Comprehension Test 55
Fig. 2.4.5.1 Distribution of hudng in the Naming Test 55
Fig. 2.4.5.2 Distribution of hudng in the Grouping Test 56
Fig. 2.4.5.3 Distribution of typical examples of hudng in the Focus Selection Test 56
Fig. 2.4.5.4 Distribution of hudng in the Comprehension Test 56
Fig. 2.4.6.1 Distribution of lu in the Naming Test 57
Fig. 2.4.6.2 Distribution of lit in the Grouping Test 57
Fig. 2.4.6.3 Distribution of typical examples of lu in the Focus Selection Test 57
Fig. 2.4.6.4 Distribution of lu in the Comprehension Test 57
Fig. 2.4.7.1 Distribution of/aw in the Naming Test 58
Fig. 2.4.7.2 Distribution of Ian in the Grouping Test 58
Fig. 2.4.7.3 Distribution of typical examples of Idn in the Focus Selection Test 58
Fig. 2.4.7.4 Distribution of Idn in the Comprehension Test 59
Fig. 2.4.8.1 Distribution of zf in the Naming Test 59
Fig. 2.4.8.2 Distribution of zT in the Grouping Test 60
Fig. 2.4.8.3 Distribution of typical examples of zf in the Focus Selection Test 60
Fig. 2.4.8.4 Distribution of zl in the Comprehension Test 60
VIII
Fig. 2.4.9.1 Maximum extents of BCTs in MSC 62
Fig. 2.4.9.2 Maximum extents of the terms designating mixture colours 62
Fig. 2.4.9.3 Distribution of the cells being dominated by BCTs or MCs for transition areas ..63
Fig. 2.4.9.4 Distribution of the foci of BCTs in MSC 63
Fig. 2.4.9.5 Distribution of the foci of basic colour terms in the twenty languages investigated
by Berlin and Kay 63
Fig. 2.4.10.1 Profile of distribution of Idn 66
Fig. 2.4.10.2 Profile of distribution of zf 66
Fig. 2.4.10.3 Membership gradation of primary colour categories suggested by Kay
McDaniel 67
Fig. 2.4.10.4 Membership gradation of primary colour categories in MSC 67
Fig. 2.5.1.1 Distribution offSn in the Naming Test 68
Fig. 2.5.1.2 Distribution of/in in the Comprehension Test 68
Fig. 2.5.2.1 Distribution of qtng in the Naming Test 69
Fig. 2.5.2.2. Distribution of qtng in the Comprehension Test 70
Fig. 2.5.3.1 Distribution of he in the Naming Test 70
Fig. 2.5.3.2 Distribution of hi in the Comprehension Test 70
Fig. 2.5.3.3 Distribution of z ngse in the Naming Test 71
Fig. 2.5.3.4 Distribution of zSngse in the Comprehension Test 71
Fig. 2.5.3.5 Distribution of kaflise in the Naming Test 72
Fig. 2.5.3.6 Distribution of he, zdngse and k fSise in the Naming Test 73
Fig. 2.5.3.7 Distribution of BROWN in the Naming Test 73
Fig. 2.6.1.1 Distribution of zffnghli coirbiack in the Naming Test 76
Fig. 2.6.1.2 Distribution of mdhSi in the Comprehension Test 76
Fig. 2.6.1.3 Distribution of wQhSi in the Comprehension Test 77
Fig. 2.6.1.4 Distribution of qthli in the Comprehension Test 77
Fig. 2.6.1.5 Distribution of jiaohSi in the Comprehension Test 77
Fig. 2.6.1.6 Distribution ofyduhli in the Comprehension Test 77
Fig. 2.6.2.1 Distribution of rubai in the Naming Test 78
Fig. 2.6.2.2 Distribution ofrubdi in the Comprehension Test 78
Fig. 2.6.2.3 Distribution of jiebdi in the Comprehension Test 79
Fig. 2.6.2.4 Distribution of xuibdi in the Comprehension Test 79
Fig. 2.6.2.5 Distribution of banbai spot white in the Comprehension Test 79
Fig. 2.6.2.6 Distribution of huflbdi in the comprehension Test 79
Fig. 2.6.2.7 Distribution of ylnbdi in the Comprehension Test 79
Fig. 2.6.2.8 Distribution of canbdi in the Comprehension Test 79
Fig. 2.6.2.9 Distribution of shabdi in the Comprehension Test 80
Fig. 2.6.2.10 Distribution of cOngbdi in the Comprehension Test 80
Fig. 2.6.2.11 Distribution of yudubdi in the Comprehension Test 80
Fig. 2.6.3.1 Distribution of tiehuTin the Naming Test 81
Fig. 2.6.3.2 Distribution of yinhuTin the Naming Test 81
Fig. 2.6.3.3 Distribution of yinhuT m the Comprehension Test 81
Fig. 2.6.3.4 Distribution of ouhul m the Comprehension Test 81
Fig. 2.6.4.1.1 Distribution of juhong in the Naming Test 83
Fig. 2.6.4.1.2 Distribution of juhdng in the Comprehension Test 83
Fig. 2.6.4.1.3 Distribution of rbuhdng in the Naming Test 83
Fig. 2.6.4.1.4 Distribution of rbuhdng in the Comprehension Test 83
Fig. 2.6.4.1.5 Distribution of ddhong in the Naming Test 83
Fig. 2.6.4.1.6 Distribution of ddhong in the Comprehension Test 83
Fig. 2.6.4.1.7 Distribution of xianhdng in the Naming Test 83
Fig. 2.6.4.1.8 Distribution of xiSnhdng in the Comprehension Test 83
Fig. 2.6.4.1.9 Distribution of chihong in the Naming Test 84
IX
Fig. 2.6.4.1.10 Distribution of chlhdng in the Comprehension Test 84
Fig. 2.6.4.1.11 Distribution of zhuhdng in the Naming Test 84
Fig. 2.6.4.1.12 Distribution of zhuhdng in the Comprehension Test 84
Fig. 2.6.4.1.13 Distribution of xTnghdng in the Naming Test 84
Fig. 2.6.4.1.14 Distribution of xTnghong in the Comprehension Test 84
Fig. 2.6.4.1.15 Distribution of xuehdng in the Naming Test 84
Fig. 2.6.4.1.16 Distribution of xuehdng in the Comprehension Test 84
Fig. 2.6.4.1.17 Distribution of tdohdng in the Naming Test 85
Fig. 2.6.4.1.18 Distribution of tdohdng in the Comprehension Test 85
Fig. 2.6.4.1.19 Distribution of zaohdng in the Naming Test 85
Fig. 2.6.4.1.20 Distribution of zaohdng in the Comprehension Test 85
Fig. 2.6.4.2.1 Distribution of tuhdng in the Naming Test 86
Fig. 2.6.4.2.2 Distribution of tiexiiihdng in the Naming Test 86
Fig. 2.6.4.2.3 Distribution ofjianghdng in the Naming Test 86
Fig. 2.6.4.2.4 Distribution of zSnghdng in the Naming Test 86
Fig. 2.6.4.2.5 Distribution of meiguihdng in the Naming Test 86
Fig. 2.6.4.2.6 Distribution of ydnghdng in the Naming Test 86
Fig. 2.6.4.3.1 Distribution of xlnghdng in the Comprehension Test 87
Fig. 2.6.4.3.2 Distribution ofhuohdng in the Comprehension Test 87
Fig. 2.6.4.3.3 Distribution of tOnghdng in the Comprehension Test 87
Fig. 2.6.4.3.4 Distribution offSihdng in the Comprehension Test 87
Fig. 2.6.4.3.5 Distribution of shuihdng in the Comprehension Test 87
Fig. 2.6.4.3.6 Distribution ofyanhdng in the Comprehension Test 88
Fig. 2.6.4.3.7 Distribution ofySnhdng in the Comprehension Test 88
Fig. 2.6.5.1.1 Distribution of chinghudng in the Naming Test 89
Fig. 2.6.5.1.2 Distribution of chinghudng in the Comprehension Test 89
Fig. 2.6.5.1.3 Distribution of juhudng in the Naming Test 89
Fig. 2.6.5.1.4 Distribution of juhudng in the Comprehension Test 89
Fig. 2.6.5.1.5 Distribution of jTnhudng in the Naming Test 89
Fig. 2.6.5.1.6 Distribution of jTnhudng in the Comprehension Test 89
Fig. 2.6.5.1.7 Distribution of mlhudng in the Naming Test 90
Fig. 2.6.5.1.8 Distribution of mlhudng in the Comprehension Test 90
Fig. 2.6.5.1.9 Distribution of xinghudng in the Naming Test 90
Fig. 2.6.5.1.10 Distribution of xinghudng in the Comprehension Test 90
Fig. 2.6.5.1.11 Distribution of tuhudng in the Naming Test 90
Fig. 2.6.5.1.12 Distribution of tuhudng in the Comprehension Test 90
Fig. 2.6.5.1.13 Distribution of ihudng in the Naming Test 90
Fig. 2.6.5.1.14 Distribution of ihudng in the Comprehension Test 90
Fig. 2.6.5.2.1 Distribution of cSnghudng in the Comprehension Test 91
Fig. 2.6.5.2.2 Distribution of jittohudng in the Comprehension Test 91
Fig. 2.6.5.2.3 Distribution of nenhuang in the Comprehension Test 92
Fig. 2.6.5.2.4 Distribution of hunhudng in the Comprehension Test 92
Fig. 2.6.6.1.1 Distribution of cdolu in the Naming Test 93
Fig. 2.6.6.1.2 Distribution of c olu in the Comprehension Test 93
Fig. 2.6.6.1.3 Distribution of cSnglu in the Naming Test 93
Fig. 2.6.6.1.4 Distribution of cSnglu in the Comprehension Test 93
Fig. 2.6.6.1.5 Distribution of ddulu in the Naming Test 93
Fig. 2.6.6.1.6 Distribution of ddulu in the Comprehension Test 93
Fig. 2.6.6.1.7 Distribution of mblu in the Naming Test 94
Fig. 2.6.6.1.8 Distribution of mblu in the Comprehension Test 94
Fig. 2.6.6.1.9 Distribution of pinggudlu in the Naming Test 94
Fig. 2.6.6.1.10 Distribution of pinggudlu in the Comprehension Test 94
X
Fig. 2.6.6.1.11 Distribution of nenlu in the Naming Test 94
Fig. 2.6.6.1.12 Distribution of nenlu in the Comprehension Test 94
Fig. 2.6.6.1.13 Distribution of qTnglu in the Naming Test 95
Fig. 2.6.6.1.14 Distribution of qTnglu in the Comprehension Test 95
Fig. 2.6.6.1.15 Distribution of ydulu in the Naming Test 95
Fig. 2.6.6.1.16 Distribution of ydulu in the Comprehension Test 95
Fig. 2.6.6.2.1 Distribution of gdnldnlu in the Naming Test 97
Fig. 2.6.6.2.2 Distribution of gudlu in the Comprehension Test 97
Fig. 2.6.6.2.3 Distribution of hiilu in the Naming Test 97
Fig. 2.6.6.3.1 Distribution of bllu in the Comprehension Test 97
Fig. 2.6.6.3.2 Distribution of cuilu in the Naming Test 97
Fig. 2.6.6.3.3 Distribution of ddilu in the Comprehension Test 97
Fig. 2.6.7.1 Distribution of tiSnldn in the Naming Test 99
Fig. 2.6.7.2 Distribution of tianldn in the Comprehension Test 99
Fig. 2.6.7.3 Distribution of zangldn in the Naming Test 99
Fig. 2.6.7.4 Distribution of zangldn in the Comprehension Test 99
Fig. 2.6.7.5 Distribution of hdildn in the Naming Test 99
Fig. 2.6.7.6 Distribution of huldn in the Naming Test 99
Fig. 2.6.7.7 Distribution of qlnglan in the Naming Test 100
Fig. 2.6.7.8 Distribution of zhdnldn in the Comprehension Test 100
Fig. 2.6.7.9 Distribution of blldn in the Comprehension Test 100
Fig. 2.6.7.10 Distribution of weildn in the Comprehension Test 100
Fig. 2.6.8.1 Distribution ofjidngzl in the Naming Test 101
Fig. 2.6.8.2 Distribution of jidngzl in the Comprehension Test 101
Fig. 2.6.8.3 Distribution of qTngzl in the Naming Test 101
Fig. 2.6.8.4 Distribution of qTngzl m the Comprehension Test 101
Fig. 2.6.8.5 Distribution of jidngzi in the Comprehension Test 101
Fig. 2.6.8.6 Distribution ofputdozi m the Comprehension Test 101
Fig. 2.6.9.1 Distribution ofchdhe in the Comprehension Test 102
Fig. 2.6.9.2 Distribution of danqlng in the Naming Test 102
Fig. 2.6.9.3 Distribution of danqlng in the Comprehension Test 103
Fig. 2.6.9.4 Distribution of zangqlng in the Naming Test 103
Fig. 2.6.9.5 Distribution of zangqTng in the Comprehension Test 103
Fig. 2.6.9.6 Distribution of xuiqlng in the Naming Test 103
Fig. 2.6.9.7 Distribution of xuiqlng in the Comprehension Test 104
Fig. 2.6.9.8 Distribution of cdiqTng in the Comprehension Test 104
Fig. 2.6.10.1.1 Distribution of chase in the Naming Test 105
Fig. 2.6.10.1.2 Distribution of chase in the Comprehension Test 105
Fig. 2.6.10.1.3 Distribution of chengse in the Naming Test 106
Fig. 2.6.10.1.4 Distribution of chengse in the Comprehension Test 106
Fig. 2.6.10.1.5 Distribution of jiangse in the Naming Test 106
Fig. 2.6.10.1.6 Distribution of jiangse in the Comprehension Test 106
Fig. 2.6.10.1.7 Distribution of mise in the Naming Test 106
Fig. 2.6.10.1.8 Distribution of mise in the Comprehension Test 106
Fig. 2.6.10.1.9 Distribution of rduse in the Naming Test 106
Fig. 2.6.10.1.10 Distribution of rouse in the Comprehension Test 106
Fig. 2.6.10.1.11 Distribution of zhise in the Naming Test 107
Fig. 2.6.10.1.12 Distribution of zhese in the Comprehension Test 107
Fig. 2.6.10.1.13 Distribution of ouhese in the Naming Test 107
Fig. 2.6.10.1.14 Distribution of ouhese in the Comprehension Test 107
Fig. 2.6.10.2.1 Distribution of juse in the Naming Test 108
Fig. 2.6.10.2.2 Distribution of juse in the Comprehension Test 108
XI
Fig. 2.6.10.2.3 Distribution of zJludldnse in the Naming Test 108
Fig. 2.6.10.3.1 Distribution of husk in the Comprehension Test 109
Fig. 2.6.10.3.2 Distribution of Use in the Comprehension Test 109
Fig. 2.6.10.3.3 Distribution of Jnse in the Comprehension Test 109
Fig. 2.6.10.3.4 Distribution of tdose in the Comprehension Test 110
Fig. 2.6.10.3.5 Distribution of tudse in the Comprehension Test 110
Fig. 2.6.10.4.1 Distribution ofWocrin the Comprehension Test 110
Fig. 2.6.10.4.2 Distribution of cUngcui in the Comprehension Test 111
Fig. 2.6.10.4.3 Distribution of qTngcui in the Comprehension Test 111
Fig. 2.6.10.4.4 Distribution of qlngcong in the Comprehension Test 111
Fig. 2.6.10.4.5 Distribution of cui in the Comprehension Test Ill
Fig. 2.6.10.4.6 Distribution of Win the Comprehension Test Ill
Fig. 2.6.10.4.7 Distribution of mb in the Comprehension Test 111
Fig. 2.6.10.4.8 Distribution of wti in the Comprehension Test 112
Fig. 2.6.10.4.9 Distribution of chl in the Comprehension Test 112
Fig. 2.6.10.4.10 Distribution of zhB in the Comprehension Test 112
Fig. 3.4 Syntactic distinctions between adjectives and verbs in MSC 139
Fig 5.5 Evolutionary sequence of basic colour terms in Chinese 191
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS II
TABLE OF CONTENTS ni
LIST OF FIGURES VII
LIST OF TABLES XI
ABBREVIATIONS XII
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. SENSATION AND PERCEPTION OF COLOUR 1
1.2. PREVIOUS RESEARCHES IN COLOUR TERMINOLOGY 3
1.2.1. PRE BERLIN KAY 4
1.2.2. BERLIN KAY 6
1.2.3. POST BERLIN KAY 11
1.2.4. COMMENTS ON RESEARCHES IN THE POST BERLIN KAY
PERIOD 17
1.3. CHINESE LANGUAGE AND STUDIES OF MANDARIN COLOUR
TERMINO LOGY IN LITERATURE 23
1.3.1. CHINESE LANGUAGE 23
1.3.2. MODERN STANDARD CHINESE 24
1.3.3. STUDIES OF MANDARIN COLOUR TERMINOLOGY IN LITERATURE
25
1.4. PURPOSES OF THE PRESENT STUDY 26
CHAPTER TWO: SEMANTIC STRUCTURE OF COLOUR TERMINOLOGY IN
MODERN STANDARD CHINESE 27
2.1.FIELDWORK 27
2.1.1. THE SAMPLE 28
2.1.2. COLOUR STIMULI 28
2.1.3. TESTING STAGES 29
2.1.4. SOME CAVEATS ABOUT THE DATA 30
2.2. PERFORMANCE OF THE SAMPLE 32
2.2.1. INTER PERSON VOCABULARY DIFFERENCES 32
2.2.2. INTER STIMULUS DIFFERENCES 32
2.2.3. INTER STAGE DIFFERENCES 35
2.3. REPERTOIRE 37
2.3.1. MONOMORPHEMIC TERMS 41
2.3.2. COMPOUNDS 41
2.3.3. COLOUR TERMS IN THE DICTIONARIES 45
2.4. BASIC COLOUR TERMS IN MSC 49
2.4.1. HSi "BLACK" 49
2.4.2. Ah "WHITE" 50
2.4.3. Hut "GREY" 52
2.4.4. Hdng "RED" 53
2.4.5. Huang "YELLOW" 55
2.4.6. Lu "GREEN" 56
2.4.7. Lan "BLUE" 58
2.4.8. Zi "PURPLE" 59
IV
2.4.9. OVERALL DISTRIBUTION OF BASIC COLOUR TERMS 60
2.4.10. SUMMARY 65
2.5. SECONDARY COLOUR TERMS IN MSC 67
2.5.1. Fin "PINK" 68
2.5.2. Qtng "GRUE" 69
2.5.3. Hi "BROWN", zOngse "COIR COLOUR" AND kOfSise "COFFEE
COLOUR" 70
2.5.4. SUMMARY 74
2.6. TERTIARY COLOUR TERMS AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN MSC 75
2.6.1. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN hei 76
2.6.2. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN bdi 77
2.6.3. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN hut. 80
2.6.4. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN hdng 82
2.6.4.1. Hdng TERTIARY COLOUR TERMS OCCURRED IN BOTH
TESTS 82
2.6.4.2. Hdng TERTIARY COLOUR TERMS OCCURRED ONLY IN THE
NAMING TEST 85
2.6.4.3. PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN hdng 86
2.6.5. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN hudng 88
2.6.5.1. TERTIARY COLOUR TERMS IN hudng 88
2.6.5.2. PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN hudng 91
2.6.6. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN lii 92
2.6.6.1. Li TERTIARY COLOUR TERMS OCCURRED IN BOTH TESTS92
2.6.6.2. iJ TERTIARY COLOUR TERMS OCCURRED ONLY IN THE
NAMING TEST 96
2.6.6.3. PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN lu 98
2.6.7. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN Idn 98
2.6.8. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN zf. 100
2.6.9. TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN SECONDARY
COLOUR CATEGORIES 101
2.6.10. OTHER TERTIARY AND PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS IN MSC 104
2.6.10.1. N SES OCCURRED IN BOTH TESTS 104
2.6.10.2. N SES OCCURRED ONLY IN THE NAMING TEST 107
2.6.10.3. N SES OCCURRED ONLY IN THE COMPREHENSION TEST 108
2.6.10.4. OTHER TYPES OF PASSIVE COLOUR TERMS 110
2.6.11. SUMMARY 112
CHAPTER THREE:THE USAGES OF MSC COLOUR TERMS IN LITERATURE. 114
3.1. FREQUENCY OF COLOUR TERMS IN MODERN CHINESE LITERATURE
114
3.2. SYNTACTIC FUNCTIONS OF COLOUR TERMS IN MSC 120
3.2.1. COLOUR TERMS USED AS ATTRIBUTIVES 121
3.2.2. COLOUR TERMS USED AS PREDICATES 122
3.2.3. COLOUR TERMS USED AS SUBJECTS AND OBJECTS 126
3.2.4. COLOUR TERMS USED AS COMPLEMENTS 128
3.2.5. COLOUR TERMS USED AS ADVERBIALS 129
3.2.6. COLOUR TERMS AS THE HEADS OF EXTENDED CONSTRUCTIONS
129
3.2.7. COLOUR TERMS IN COORDINATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS 133
3.3. REDUPLICATION OF COLOUR TERMS 135
3.4. COLOUR TERMS AND WORD CLASSES 136
3.5. COLOUR TERMS IN THE DESCRIPTION OF COMPLEXION 140
V
3.6. FIGURATIVE USAGES OF COLOUR TERMS IN MODERN CHINESE
LITERATURE 145
3.6.1. FIGURATIVE USAGES OF bdi IN MODERN CHINESE LITERATURE
145
3.6.2. FIGURATIVE USAGES OF hSi IN MODERN CHINESE LITERATURE
146
3.6.3. FIGURATIVE USAGES OF chllhong IN MODERN CHINESE
LITERATURE 147
3.6.4. FIGURATIVE USAGES OF hudng IN MODERN CHINESE
LITERATURE 148
3.6.5. FIGURATIVE USAGES OF OTHER COLOUR TERMS IN MODERN
CHINESE LITERATURE 149
3.7. SUMMARY 150
CHAPTER FOUR: THE EVOLUTION OF CHINESE COLOUR TERMINOLOGY. 151
4.1.PROTO CHINESE( 1100bc) 152
4.1.1. THE WRITING SYSTEM OF PROTO CHINESE 152
4.1.2. COLOUR TERMINOLOGY IN PROTO CHINESE 153
4.1.3. A STAGE IIIA SYSTEM 154
4.2. ANCIENT CHINESE (circa 1100 bc 220 ad) 155
4.2.1. DEVELOPMENT OF THE WRITING SYSTEM IN ANCIENT CHINESE
155
4.2.2. SHUOWEN JIEZI AND COLOUR TERMINOLOGY IN ANCIENT
CHINESE 156
4.2.3. USAGES OF COLOUR TERMS IN ANCIENT CHINESE LITERATURE
162
4.2.3.1. DISTRIBUTION OF COLOUR TERMS IN ANCIENT CHINESE
LITERATURE 163
4.2.3.2. SYNTACTIC FUNCTIONS AND REDUPLICATION OF COLOUR
TERMS IN ANCIENT
CHINESE LITERATURE 166
4.2.3.3. DISCUSSION ON SOME WORDS INITIATED WITH COLOUR
MORPHEMES 168
4.2.3.4. FIGURATIVE USAGES OF COLOUR TERMS IN ANCIENT
CHINESE LITERATURE 170
4.2.3.5. SUMMARY 170
4.3. MIDDLE CHINESE (220 1840 ad) 171
4.3.1. COLOUR TERMINOLOGY IN MIDDLE CHINESE 171
4.3.2. USAGES OF COLOUR TERMS IN MIDDLE CHINESE LITERATURE
178
4.3.2.1. DISTRIBUTION OF COLOUR TERMS IN MIDDLE CHINESE
LITERATURE 178
4.3.2.2. DEVELOPMENT OF SYNTACTIC FUNCTIONS OF COLOUR
TERMS IN MIDDLE
CHINESE LITERATURE 180
4.3.2.3. FIGURATIVE USAGES OF COLOUR TERMS IN MIDDLE
CHINESE LITERATURE 182
4.3.3. DEVELOPMENT OF COLOUR TERMINOLOGY AFTER MIDDLE
CHINESE 184
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION 186
5.1. THE REPERTOIRE AND INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF CHINESE COLOUR
TERMINOLOGY 186
VI
5.2. SYNTACTIC FUNCTIONS AND VERSATILITY OF CHINESE COLOUR
TERMS 187
5.3. DEVELOPMENT OF FIGURATIVE USAGES OF CHINESE COLOUR TERMS
188
5.4. INFLUENCE OF EXTRA LINGUISTIC REALITY ON COLOUR
TERMINOLOGY 188
5.5. EVOLUTION OF CHINESE BASIC COLOUR TERMS 191
5.6. LINGUISTIC RELATIVITY AND UNIVERSALITY 192
APPENDIX A: PERSONALIA OF THE INFORMANTS 193
APPENDIX B: CALCULATION OF THE AGREEMENT INDEX 195
APPENDIX C: CALCULATION OF THE CONSISTENCY INDEX 196
BIBLIOGRAPHY 197
VII
LIST OF FIGURES
Fig. 1.1 Diagrammatic representation of the three dimensional colour solid 3
Fig. 1.2.2.1 Berlin Kay's evolutionary sequence of basic colour terms 7
Fig. 1.2.2.2 Foci and boundaries of basic colour terms in Cantonese (from Berlin Kay) 9
Fig. 1.2.2.3 Foci and boundaries of basic colour terms in Mandarin (from Berlin Kay) 9
Fig. 1.2.2.4 Distribution of YELLOW in the MSC Grouping Test by Cantonese speakers 9
Fig. 1.2.3 Modified evolutionary sequence of basic colour categories 14
Fig. 1.3.3.1 Foci of RED, YELLOW, GREEN and BLUE for Mandarin monolinguals 25
Fig. 1.3.3.2 Foci of RED, YELLOW, GREEN and BLUE for Mandarin English bilinguals.26
Fig. 2.1.2 Arrangement of the Munsell colour chart 29
Fig. 2.2.1.1 Distribution of the number of colour terms by the number of informants 33
Fig. 2.2.1.2 Distribution of the number of morphemes by the number of informants 33
Fig. 2.2.1.3 Trend of the ratio of the number of morphemes to the number of colour terms.33
Fig. 2.2.2.1 Distribution of the colour terms for cells N10 and 2.5YR9 34
Fig. 2.2.2.2 Correlation between the agreement index and the degree of brightness 36
Fig. 2.2.2.3 Correlation between the consistency index and the degree of brightness 36
Fig. 2.4.1.1 Distribution of hei in the Naming Test 49
Fig. 2.4.1.2 Distribution of Aft' in the Grouping Test 50
Fig. 2.4.1.3 Distribution of the typical examples of AS in the Focus Selection Test 50
Fig. 2.4.1.4 Distribution of Aft' in the Comprehension Test 50
Fig. 2.4.2.1 Distribution ofAai in the Naming Test 51
Fig. 2.4.2.2 Distribution of bdi in the Grouping Test 51
Fig. 2.4.2.3 Distribution of typical example of bdi in the Focus Selection Test 51
Fig. 2.4.2.4 Distribution of bdi in the Comprehension Test 52
Fig. 2.4.3.1 Distribution of Aafin the Naming Test 52
Fig. 2.4.3.2 Distribution of A«f in the Grouping Test 53
Fig. 2.4.3.3 Distribution of typical examples of huT in the Focus Selection Test 53
Fig. 2.4.3.4 Distribution of huTin the Comprehension Test 53
Fig. 2.4.4.1 Distribution of hong in the Naming Test 54
Fig. 2.4.4.2 Distribution ofhdng in the Grouping Test 54
Fig. 2.4.4.3 Distribution of typical examples of hong in the Focus Selection Test 54
Fig. 2.4.4.4 Distribution of hdng in the Comprehension Test 55
Fig. 2.4.5.1 Distribution of hudng in the Naming Test 55
Fig. 2.4.5.2 Distribution of hudng in the Grouping Test 56
Fig. 2.4.5.3 Distribution of typical examples of hudng in the Focus Selection Test 56
Fig. 2.4.5.4 Distribution of hudng in the Comprehension Test 56
Fig. 2.4.6.1 Distribution of lu in the Naming Test 57
Fig. 2.4.6.2 Distribution of lit in the Grouping Test 57
Fig. 2.4.6.3 Distribution of typical examples of lu in the Focus Selection Test 57
Fig. 2.4.6.4 Distribution of lu in the Comprehension Test 57
Fig. 2.4.7.1 Distribution of/aw in the Naming Test 58
Fig. 2.4.7.2 Distribution of Ian in the Grouping Test 58
Fig. 2.4.7.3 Distribution of typical examples of Idn in the Focus Selection Test 58
Fig. 2.4.7.4 Distribution of Idn in the Comprehension Test 59
Fig. 2.4.8.1 Distribution of zf in the Naming Test 59
Fig. 2.4.8.2 Distribution of zT in the Grouping Test 60
Fig. 2.4.8.3 Distribution of typical examples of zf in the Focus Selection Test 60
Fig. 2.4.8.4 Distribution of zl in the Comprehension Test 60
VIII
Fig. 2.4.9.1 Maximum extents of BCTs in MSC 62
Fig. 2.4.9.2 Maximum extents of the terms designating mixture colours 62
Fig. 2.4.9.3 Distribution of the cells being dominated by BCTs or MCs for transition areas .63
Fig. 2.4.9.4 Distribution of the foci of BCTs in MSC 63
Fig. 2.4.9.5 Distribution of the foci of basic colour terms in the twenty languages investigated
by Berlin and Kay 63
Fig. 2.4.10.1 Profile of distribution of Idn 66
Fig. 2.4.10.2 Profile of distribution of zf 66
Fig. 2.4.10.3 Membership gradation of primary colour categories suggested by Kay
McDaniel 67
Fig. 2.4.10.4 Membership gradation of primary colour categories in MSC 67
Fig. 2.5.1.1 Distribution offSn in the Naming Test 68
Fig. 2.5.1.2 Distribution of/in in the Comprehension Test 68
Fig. 2.5.2.1 Distribution of qtng in the Naming Test 69
Fig. 2.5.2.2. Distribution of qtng in the Comprehension Test 70
Fig. 2.5.3.1 Distribution of he in the Naming Test 70
Fig. 2.5.3.2 Distribution of hi in the Comprehension Test 70
Fig. 2.5.3.3 Distribution of z ngse in the Naming Test 71
Fig. 2.5.3.4 Distribution of zSngse in the Comprehension Test 71
Fig. 2.5.3.5 Distribution of kaflise in the Naming Test 72
Fig. 2.5.3.6 Distribution of he, zdngse and k fSise in the Naming Test 73
Fig. 2.5.3.7 Distribution of BROWN in the Naming Test 73
Fig. 2.6.1.1 Distribution of zffnghli "coirbiack" in the Naming Test 76
Fig. 2.6.1.2 Distribution of mdhSi in the Comprehension Test 76
Fig. 2.6.1.3 Distribution of wQhSi in the Comprehension Test 77
Fig. 2.6.1.4 Distribution of qthli in the Comprehension Test 77
Fig. 2.6.1.5 Distribution of jiaohSi in the Comprehension Test 77
Fig. 2.6.1.6 Distribution ofyduhli in the Comprehension Test 77
Fig. 2.6.2.1 Distribution of rubai in the Naming Test 78
Fig. 2.6.2.2 Distribution ofrubdi in the Comprehension Test 78
Fig. 2.6.2.3 Distribution of jiebdi in the Comprehension Test 79
Fig. 2.6.2.4 Distribution of xuibdi in the Comprehension Test 79
Fig. 2.6.2.5 Distribution of banbai spot white in the Comprehension Test 79
Fig. 2.6.2.6 Distribution of huflbdi in the comprehension Test 79
Fig. 2.6.2.7 Distribution of ylnbdi in the Comprehension Test 79
Fig. 2.6.2.8 Distribution of canbdi in the Comprehension Test 79
Fig. 2.6.2.9 Distribution of shabdi in the Comprehension Test 80
Fig. 2.6.2.10 Distribution of cOngbdi in the Comprehension Test 80
Fig. 2.6.2.11 Distribution of yudubdi in the Comprehension Test 80
Fig. 2.6.3.1 Distribution of tiehuTin the Naming Test 81
Fig. 2.6.3.2 Distribution of yinhuTin the Naming Test 81
Fig. 2.6.3.3 Distribution of yinhuT'm the Comprehension Test 81
Fig. 2.6.3.4 Distribution of ouhul'm the Comprehension Test 81
Fig. 2.6.4.1.1 Distribution of juhong in the Naming Test 83
Fig. 2.6.4.1.2 Distribution of juhdng in the Comprehension Test 83
Fig. 2.6.4.1.3 Distribution of rbuhdng in the Naming Test 83
Fig. 2.6.4.1.4 Distribution of rbuhdng in the Comprehension Test 83
Fig. 2.6.4.1.5 Distribution of ddhong in the Naming Test 83
Fig. 2.6.4.1.6 Distribution of ddhong in the Comprehension Test 83
Fig. 2.6.4.1.7 Distribution of xianhdng in the Naming Test 83
Fig. 2.6.4.1.8 Distribution of xiSnhdng in the Comprehension Test 83
Fig. 2.6.4.1.9 Distribution of chihong in the Naming Test 84
IX
Fig. 2.6.4.1.10 Distribution of chlhdng in the Comprehension Test 84
Fig. 2.6.4.1.11 Distribution of zhuhdng in the Naming Test 84
Fig. 2.6.4.1.12 Distribution of zhuhdng in the Comprehension Test 84
Fig. 2.6.4.1.13 Distribution of xTnghdng in the Naming Test 84
Fig. 2.6.4.1.14 Distribution of xTnghong in the Comprehension Test 84
Fig. 2.6.4.1.15 Distribution of xuehdng in the Naming Test 84
Fig. 2.6.4.1.16 Distribution of xuehdng in the Comprehension Test 84
Fig. 2.6.4.1.17 Distribution of tdohdng in the Naming Test 85
Fig. 2.6.4.1.18 Distribution of tdohdng in the Comprehension Test 85
Fig. 2.6.4.1.19 Distribution of zaohdng in the Naming Test 85
Fig. 2.6.4.1.20 Distribution of zaohdng in the Comprehension Test 85
Fig. 2.6.4.2.1 Distribution of tuhdng in the Naming Test 86
Fig. 2.6.4.2.2 Distribution of tiexiiihdng in the Naming Test 86
Fig. 2.6.4.2.3 Distribution ofjianghdng in the Naming Test 86
Fig. 2.6.4.2.4 Distribution of zSnghdng in the Naming Test 86
Fig. 2.6.4.2.5 Distribution of meiguihdng in the Naming Test 86
Fig. 2.6.4.2.6 Distribution of ydnghdng in the Naming Test 86
Fig. 2.6.4.3.1 Distribution of xlnghdng in the Comprehension Test 87
Fig. 2.6.4.3.2 Distribution ofhuohdng in the Comprehension Test 87
Fig. 2.6.4.3.3 Distribution of tOnghdng in the Comprehension Test 87
Fig. 2.6.4.3.4 Distribution offSihdng in the Comprehension Test 87
Fig. 2.6.4.3.5 Distribution of shuihdng in the Comprehension Test 87
Fig. 2.6.4.3.6 Distribution ofyanhdng in the Comprehension Test 88
Fig. 2.6.4.3.7 Distribution ofySnhdng in the Comprehension Test 88
Fig. 2.6.5.1.1 Distribution of chinghudng in the Naming Test 89
Fig. 2.6.5.1.2 Distribution of chinghudng in the Comprehension Test 89
Fig. 2.6.5.1.3 Distribution of juhudng in the Naming Test 89
Fig. 2.6.5.1.4 Distribution of juhudng in the Comprehension Test 89
Fig. 2.6.5.1.5 Distribution of jTnhudng in the Naming Test 89
Fig. 2.6.5.1.6 Distribution of jTnhudng in the Comprehension Test 89
Fig. 2.6.5.1.7 Distribution of mlhudng in the Naming Test 90
Fig. 2.6.5.1.8 Distribution of mlhudng in the Comprehension Test 90
Fig. 2.6.5.1.9 Distribution of xinghudng in the Naming Test 90
Fig. 2.6.5.1.10 Distribution of xinghudng in the Comprehension Test 90
Fig. 2.6.5.1.11 Distribution of tuhudng in the Naming Test 90
Fig. 2.6.5.1.12 Distribution of tuhudng in the Comprehension Test 90
Fig. 2.6.5.1.13 Distribution of ihudng in the Naming Test 90
Fig. 2.6.5.1.14 Distribution of ihudng in the Comprehension Test 90
Fig. 2.6.5.2.1 Distribution of cSnghudng in the Comprehension Test 91
Fig. 2.6.5.2.2 Distribution of jittohudng in the Comprehension Test 91
Fig. 2.6.5.2.3 Distribution of nenhuang in the Comprehension Test 92
Fig. 2.6.5.2.4 Distribution of hunhudng in the Comprehension Test 92
Fig. 2.6.6.1.1 Distribution of cdolu in the Naming Test 93
Fig. 2.6.6.1.2 Distribution of c olu in the Comprehension Test 93
Fig. 2.6.6.1.3 Distribution of cSnglu in the Naming Test 93
Fig. 2.6.6.1.4 Distribution of cSnglu in the Comprehension Test 93
Fig. 2.6.6.1.5 Distribution of ddulu in the Naming Test 93
Fig. 2.6.6.1.6 Distribution of ddulu in the Comprehension Test 93
Fig. 2.6.6.1.7 Distribution of mblu in the Naming Test 94
Fig. 2.6.6.1.8 Distribution of mblu in the Comprehension Test 94
Fig. 2.6.6.1.9 Distribution of pinggudlu in the Naming Test 94
Fig. 2.6.6.1.10 Distribution of pinggudlu in the Comprehension Test 94
X
Fig. 2.6.6.1.11 Distribution of nenlu in the Naming Test 94
Fig. 2.6.6.1.12 Distribution of nenlu in the Comprehension Test 94
Fig. 2.6.6.1.13 Distribution of qTnglu in the Naming Test 95
Fig. 2.6.6.1.14 Distribution of qTnglu in the Comprehension Test 95
Fig. 2.6.6.1.15 Distribution of ydulu in the Naming Test 95
Fig. 2.6.6.1.16 Distribution of ydulu in the Comprehension Test 95
Fig. 2.6.6.2.1 Distribution of gdnldnlu in the Naming Test 97
Fig. 2.6.6.2.2 Distribution of gudlu in the Comprehension Test 97
Fig. 2.6.6.2.3 Distribution of hiilu in the Naming Test 97
Fig. 2.6.6.3.1 Distribution of bllu in the Comprehension Test 97
Fig. 2.6.6.3.2 Distribution of cuilu in the Naming Test 97
Fig. 2.6.6.3.3 Distribution of ddilu in the Comprehension Test 97
Fig. 2.6.7.1 Distribution of tiSnldn in the Naming Test 99
Fig. 2.6.7.2 Distribution of tianldn in the Comprehension Test 99
Fig. 2.6.7.3 Distribution of zangldn in the Naming Test 99
Fig. 2.6.7.4 Distribution of zangldn in the Comprehension Test 99
Fig. 2.6.7.5 Distribution of hdildn in the Naming Test 99
Fig. 2.6.7.6 Distribution of huldn in the Naming Test 99
Fig. 2.6.7.7 Distribution of qlnglan in the Naming Test 100
Fig. 2.6.7.8 Distribution of zhdnldn in the Comprehension Test 100
Fig. 2.6.7.9 Distribution of blldn in the Comprehension Test 100
Fig. 2.6.7.10 Distribution of weildn in the Comprehension Test 100
Fig. 2.6.8.1 Distribution ofjidngzl in the Naming Test 101
Fig. 2.6.8.2 Distribution of jidngzl in the Comprehension Test 101
Fig. 2.6.8.3 Distribution of qTngzl in the Naming Test 101
Fig. 2.6.8.4 Distribution of qTngzl m the Comprehension Test 101
Fig. 2.6.8.5 Distribution of jidngzi in the Comprehension Test 101
Fig. 2.6.8.6 Distribution ofputdozi'm the Comprehension Test 101
Fig. 2.6.9.1 Distribution ofchdhe in the Comprehension Test 102
Fig. 2.6.9.2 Distribution of danqlng in the Naming Test 102
Fig. 2.6.9.3 Distribution of danqlng in the Comprehension Test 103
Fig. 2.6.9.4 Distribution of zangqlng in the Naming Test 103
Fig. 2.6.9.5 Distribution of zangqTng in the Comprehension Test 103
Fig. 2.6.9.6 Distribution of xuiqlng in the Naming Test 103
Fig. 2.6.9.7 Distribution of xuiqlng in the Comprehension Test 104
Fig. 2.6.9.8 Distribution of cdiqTng in the Comprehension Test 104
Fig. 2.6.10.1.1 Distribution of chase in the Naming Test 105
Fig. 2.6.10.1.2 Distribution of chase in the Comprehension Test 105
Fig. 2.6.10.1.3 Distribution of chengse in the Naming Test 106
Fig. 2.6.10.1.4 Distribution of chengse in the Comprehension Test 106
Fig. 2.6.10.1.5 Distribution of jiangse in the Naming Test 106
Fig. 2.6.10.1.6 Distribution of jiangse in the Comprehension Test 106
Fig. 2.6.10.1.7 Distribution of mise in the Naming Test 106
Fig. 2.6.10.1.8 Distribution of mise in the Comprehension Test 106
Fig. 2.6.10.1.9 Distribution of rduse in the Naming Test 106
Fig. 2.6.10.1.10 Distribution of rouse in the Comprehension Test 106
Fig. 2.6.10.1.11 Distribution of zhise in the Naming Test 107
Fig. 2.6.10.1.12 Distribution of zhese in the Comprehension Test 107
Fig. 2.6.10.1.13 Distribution of ouhese in the Naming Test 107
Fig. 2.6.10.1.14 Distribution of ouhese in the Comprehension Test 107
Fig. 2.6.10.2.1 Distribution of juse in the Naming Test 108
Fig. 2.6.10.2.2 Distribution of juse in the Comprehension Test 108
XI
Fig. 2.6.10.2.3 Distribution of zJludldnse in the Naming Test 108
Fig. 2.6.10.3.1 Distribution of husk in the Comprehension Test 109
Fig. 2.6.10.3.2 Distribution of Use in the Comprehension Test 109
Fig. 2.6.10.3.3 Distribution of Jnse in the Comprehension Test 109
Fig. 2.6.10.3.4 Distribution of tdose in the Comprehension Test 110
Fig. 2.6.10.3.5 Distribution of tudse in the Comprehension Test 110
Fig. 2.6.10.4.1 Distribution ofWocrin the Comprehension Test 110
Fig. 2.6.10.4.2 Distribution of cUngcui in the Comprehension Test 111
Fig. 2.6.10.4.3 Distribution of qTngcui in the Comprehension Test 111
Fig. 2.6.10.4.4 Distribution of qlngcong in the Comprehension Test 111
Fig. 2.6.10.4.5 Distribution of cui in the Comprehension Test Ill
Fig. 2.6.10.4.6 Distribution of Win the Comprehension Test Ill
Fig. 2.6.10.4.7 Distribution of mb in the Comprehension Test 111
Fig. 2.6.10.4.8 Distribution of wti in the Comprehension Test 112
Fig. 2.6.10.4.9 Distribution of chl in the Comprehension Test 112
Fig. 2.6.10.4.10 Distribution of zhB in the Comprehension Test 112
Fig. 3.4 Syntactic distinctions between adjectives and verbs in MSC 139
Fig 5.5 Evolutionary sequence of basic colour terms in Chinese 191 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Xu, Weiyuan |
| author_facet | Xu, Weiyuan |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Xu, Weiyuan |
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| building | Verbundindex |
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| callnumber-subject | PL - Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)79447693 (DE-599)DNB98273249X |
| dewey-full | 495.10143 |
| dewey-hundreds | 400 - Language |
| dewey-ones | 495 - Languages of east and southeast Asia |
| dewey-raw | 495.10143 |
| dewey-search | 495.10143 |
| dewey-sort | 3495.10143 |
| dewey-tens | 490 - Other languages |
| discipline | Außereuropäische Sprachen und Literaturen |
| discipline_str_mv | Außereuropäische Sprachen und Literaturen |
| format | Thesis Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Hochschulschrift |
| id | DE-604.BV022536206 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T18:08:26Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T20:59:44Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783895863783 3895863785 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-015742716 |
| oclc_num | 79447693 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-20 |
| owner_facet | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-20 |
| physical | XII, 209 S. graph. Darst. 24 cm |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSearch | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| publisher | LINCOM Europa |
| record_format | marc |
| series | LINCOM studies in Chinese linguistics |
| series2 | LINCOM studies in Chinese linguistics |
| spelling | Xu, Weiyuan Verfasser aut A study of Chinese colour terminology Weiynan Xu Muenchen LINCOM Europa 2007 XII, 209 S. graph. Darst. 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier LINCOM studies in Chinese linguistics 1 Zugl.: Diss. Chinese language Glossaries, vocabularies, etc Chinese language Study and teaching Foreign speakers Chinese language Terms and phrases Color Terminology Chinesisch (DE-588)4113214-2 gnd rswk-swf Farbbezeichnung (DE-588)4140403-8 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Chinesisch (DE-588)4113214-2 s Farbbezeichnung (DE-588)4140403-8 s DE-604 LINCOM studies in Chinese linguistics 1 (DE-604)BV023284448 1 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015742716&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Xu, Weiyuan A study of Chinese colour terminology LINCOM studies in Chinese linguistics Chinese language Glossaries, vocabularies, etc Chinese language Study and teaching Foreign speakers Chinese language Terms and phrases Color Terminology Chinesisch (DE-588)4113214-2 gnd Farbbezeichnung (DE-588)4140403-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4113214-2 (DE-588)4140403-8 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | A study of Chinese colour terminology |
| title_auth | A study of Chinese colour terminology |
| title_exact_search | A study of Chinese colour terminology |
| title_exact_search_txtP | A study of Chinese colour terminology |
| title_full | A study of Chinese colour terminology Weiynan Xu |
| title_fullStr | A study of Chinese colour terminology Weiynan Xu |
| title_full_unstemmed | A study of Chinese colour terminology Weiynan Xu |
| title_short | A study of Chinese colour terminology |
| title_sort | a study of chinese colour terminology |
| topic | Chinese language Glossaries, vocabularies, etc Chinese language Study and teaching Foreign speakers Chinese language Terms and phrases Color Terminology Chinesisch (DE-588)4113214-2 gnd Farbbezeichnung (DE-588)4140403-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Chinese language Glossaries, vocabularies, etc Chinese language Study and teaching Foreign speakers Chinese language Terms and phrases Color Terminology Chinesisch Farbbezeichnung Hochschulschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=015742716&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV023284448 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xuweiyuan astudyofchinesecolourterminology |