The philosophy of the social sciences an introduction

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1. Verfasser: Bishop, Robert C. (VerfasserIn)
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Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: London [u.a.] Continuum 2007
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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES INTRODUCTION PART ONE CONTENTS X 1 CONCEPTIONS OF SCIENCE 1. WH AT IS SCIENCE? 2. SOME STANDARD CONCEPTIONS OF THEORIES 2.1. LOGICALPOSITIVIST OR RECEIVED VIEW 2.2. SEMANTIC VIEW 2.3. KUHN S VIEW 3. SOCIAL SCIENCES AS PRE-PARADIGMATIC 4. EMPIRICAL VERSUS INTERPRETIVE APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING 5. TAKING STOCK 2 HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ROOTS OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES 1. THOMAS HOBBES 2. AUGUSTE COMTE AND WILHELM DILTHEY 3. EMILE DURKHEIM 4. MAX WEBER 5. TAKING STOCK 3 FIVE MODES OF SOCIALLNQUIRY 1. NATURAL SCIENTIFIC 2. DESCRIPTIVISM 3. CRITICAL SOCIAL SCIENCE 4. POSTMODERN/SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONIST VIEWPOINTS 4.1. SOCIAL CONSTRUETIONISM 4.2. MICHEL FOUCAULT 4.3. ASSESSING POSTMODERNISM/SOCIAL CONSTRUETIONISM 5. CONTEMPORARY HERMENEUTICS 6. TAKING STOCK 7 9 13 14 15 17 18 21 27 29 30 32 35 37 40 45 46 52 58 62 64 66 68 70 76 VI CONTENTS PART TWO 4 CULTURAL IDEALS I: INSTRUMENTAL REASON 1. INSTRUMENTAL PICTURE OF ACTION 2. INSTRUMENTAL AGENCY, THE SUBJECT-OBJECT ONTOLOGY AND AUTONOMY 3. CRITIQUE OF INSTRUMENTAL REASON 4. TAKING STOCK 5 CULTURAL IDEALS 11:POLITICAL LIBERALISM AND LIBERALLNDIVIDUALISM 1. POLITICALLIBERALISM 2. LIBERAL INDIVIDUALISM 2.1. ONTOLOGICAL INDIVIDUALISM 2.2. UTILITARIAN INDIVIDUALISM 2.3. EXPRESSIVE INDIVIDUALISM 2.4. EXISTENTIAL INDIVIDUALISM 2.5 .. LIBERAL INDIVIDUALISM AS DISGUISED IDEOLOGY 3. ABSTRACTION AND THE LIFEWORLD 3.1. TWO MODES OF ABSTRACTION 3.2. THE PARADOX OF ABSTRACTION 3.3. THE LIFEWORLD 4. TAKING STOCK 6 THE MYTH OF VALUE-NEUTRALITY 1. TRADITIONAL DEBATES ABOUT VALUE-NEUTRALITY 2. CULTURAL IDEALS AND THE ONTOLOGICAL AND NORMATIVE QUESTIONS 3. AN ALTERNATIVE TO INSTRUMENTAL ACTION AND SUBJECT-OBJECT ONTO LOGY/ EPISTEMOLOGY 3.1. TYPES OF UNDERSTANDING 3.2. PHILOSOPHICAL MEANING 3.3. BRINGING UNDERSTANDINGS TOGETHER 3.4. NARRATIVE ACCOUNTS 4. TAKING STOCK 7 METHODOLOGICAL HOLISM AND METHODOLOGICALLNDIVIDUALISM 1. TRADITIONAL HOLISM/INDIVIDUALISM DEBATES 2. METHODOLOGICAL INDIVIDUALISM, SODAL ATOMISM AND REDUCTIONISM 2.1. PSYCHOLOGICAL REDUCTIONISM 3. METHODOLOGICAL INDIVIDUALISM AND LIBERAL INDIVIDUALISM 3.1. INDIVIDUALISM AND THE PERSONALITY MARKET 4. TAKING STOCK 81 81 84 89 97 102 103 105 107 107 108 108 109 113 113 118 119 122 124 125 129 133 133 139 140 143 147 150 151 156 157 161 162 165 . CONTENTS VII 8 GARBAGE IN - GARBAGE OUT: PASSING VALUES OFF AS SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 168 1. CORRELATIONS AND VALUES: HARDINESS RESEARCH 169 2. IDEALS, SCIENCE AND PUBLIC POLICY: THE PROBLEM OF THE COMMONS 175 3. INDIVIDUALISM AND THE GOOD MARRIAGE 179 4. TAKING STOCK 186 PART THREE 9 PSYCHOLOGY AND THE BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES 1. THEORIES AND PERSPECTIVE ON HUMAN BEHAVIOUR 1.1. BEHAVIOURISM 1.2. FREUD AND PSYCHODYNAMICS 1.3. COGNITIVE APPROACH ES 1.4. HUMANIST APPROACHES 2. EFFICIENT CAUSATION AND INSTRUMENTALISM 2. 1. THE PHYSICS MODEL 2.2. THE COMPUTER MODEL 2.3. EFFICIENT CAUSATION AND THE LIFEWORLD 2.4. INSTRUMENTAL PIETURE OF ACTION 3. ATOMISM 4. INTENTIONALITY AND REDUCIBIIITY 5. TAKING STOCK 1 0 RATIONAL-CHOICE THEORY 1. BRIEF HISTORY OF THE RATIONAL-ACTORS PICTURE 2. RATIONAL-ACTORS PICTURE 2.1. FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS: SAVAGE S THEORY 3. METHODOLOGICAL INDIVIDUALISM AND THE RATIONAI-ACTORS PICTURE 4. CRITICISMS OF THE RATIONAL-ACTORS PICTURE 4.1. THE RATIONAL-ACTORS PICTURE AND PLAUSIBILITY 4.2. THE RATIONAL-ACTORS PIETURE AND CULTURAL IDEALS 4.3. WORDY ELABORATIONS OF THE OBVIOUS 4.4. THE RATIONAL-ACTORS PICTURE AND FALSIFIABILITY 5. TAKING STOCK 11 POLITICAL SCIENCE 1. SKETCH OF POLITICAL SCIENCE 2. METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES 3. THEORETICAL ISSUES 4. RATIONAL CHOICE IN POLITICS 5. TAKING STOCK 191 192 192 193 196 198 198 199 200 202 203 205 207 210 213 214 217 218 222 224 226 229 231 232 234 236 237 240 246 249 251 ... VIII CONTENTS 1 2 PHILOSOPHY OF ECONOMICS 1. THE RISE OF ECONOMICS 1.1. CLASSICALVERSUS NEOC/ASSICAL ECONOMICS 1.2. MICROECONOMICS VERSUS MACROECONOMICS 2. METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES 2.1. POSITIVE VERSUS NORMATIVE ECONOMICS: THE FACT/VALUE DISTINCTION 2.2. IDEALIZATIONS AND CULTURAL IDEALS 2.3. CAUSATION 2.4. METHODOLOGICAL INDIVIDUALISM 3. RATIONAL-CHOICE THEORY IN ECONOMICS 4. TAKING STOCK PART FOUR 1 3 HANDLING DATA 1. PROTOCOLS FOR HANDLING DATA 1.1. STANDARDS AND VALUE-NEUTRALITY 1.2. STANDARDS AND ETHICS 1.3. VALIDITYAND VALUE-NEUTRALITY 2. CLASSIFICATION AND SORTING OF DATA 2.1. NATURAL AND SOCIAL KINDS 2.2. SORTING AND JUDGEMENTS 3. DATA ANALYSIS 4. TAKING STOCK 14 DETERMINISM AND FREE WILL 1. DETERMINISM AND FREEDOM IN PSYCHOLOGY 1.1. BEHAVIOURISM 1.2. PSYCHODYNAMICS 1.3. COGNITIVE APPROACHES 1.4. HUMANIST APPROACHES 2. DETERMINISM 2.1. DETERMINISM AS UNIQUE EVOLUTION 2.2. UNIQUE EVOLUTION IN PSYCHOLOGY 3. PHILOSOPHICAL ACCOUNTS OF FREE WILL 4. FREE WILL, DETERMINISM AND CULTURAL IDEALS 4.1. PSYCHOLOGY S RECONCILIATION OF FREE WILL-DETERMINISM DILEMMAS 4.2. MOVING BEYOND THE DILEMMAS 5. TAKING STOCK 254 255 256 259 260 260 265 266 267 269 271 277 278 280 281 284 285 286 289 292 292 295 296 298 298 298 299 299 299 300 303 305 306 309 312 CONTENTS IX 15 EXPLANATIONS IN SODAL SDENCE 315 1. SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION 316 2. VARIETIES OF EXPLANATION 317 2.1. COVERING-IAW MODEL 318 2.2. CAUSAL-MECHANICAL MODEL 320 2.3. UNIFICATION MODELS 322 2.4. FUNETIANAL MODELS 323 2.5. WHY THE VARIETY OF MODELS? 325 3. EXPLANATIONS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES 326 3.1. LAWS AND EXPLANATIONS IN SOCIAL INQUIRY 326 3.2. CAUSES AND EXPLANATIONS IN SOCIAL INQUIRY 330 3.3. UNIFICATION, FUNETIONALISM AND EXPLANATIONS IN SOCIAL INQUIRY 331 4. EXPLANATION AND CULTURAL IDEALS 331 5. TAKING STOCK 334 16 NATURAL SDENCE AND SODA I SDENCE 336 1. SOME DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NATURAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 337 1.1. NON-INTERPRETING OBJECTS VERSUS SELF-INTERPRETING BEINGS 337 1.2. WEAK VERSUS STRANG WORLD-SHAPING 338 1.3. NATURAL KINDS VERSUS CONSTRUCTED KINDS 338 1.4. THEORIZING ABOUT AN INDEPENDENT VERSUS DEPENDENT REALITY 338 1.5. ETHICS 339 1.6. CULTURAL IDEALS AS DISGUISED IDEOLOGIES 339 1.7. PREDIETABILITY 339 2. KUHN, NATURAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE 340 3. SOCIAL SCIENCE AS NATURALISTIC 345 3.1. SOCIALSCIENCE NEED NOT APPEAL TO MEANING TO BE EXPLANATORY 345 3.2. THEPRESENCE OF MEANINGS IN SOCIAL SCIENCE MAKE NO DIFFERENCE 346 3.3. CAUSAL EXPLANATIONS 348 3.4. PRESSING SOCIAL SCIENCE INTO THE NATURAL-SCIENCE MOULD 349 4. NATURAL SCIENCES AS INTERPRETIVE SCIENCES 350 5. TAKING STOCK 353 1 7 BEYOND OBJECTIVISM AND RELATIVISM 355 1. OBJECTIVISM AND RELATIVISM IN SOCIAL SCIENCE 357 2. OBJECTIVITY WITHOUT OBJECTIVISM 363 3. TRUTH AS DISCLOSURE 367 4. TAKING STOCK 371 NOTES 374 BIBLIOGRAPHY 386 INDEX 397
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author Bishop, Robert C.
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The philosophy of the social sciences an introduction
Filosofische aspecten gtt
Sociale wetenschappen gtt
Philosophie
Sozialwissenschaften
Social sciences Philosophy
Sozialwissenschaften (DE-588)4055916-6 gnd
Wissenschaftstheorie (DE-588)4117665-0 gnd
subject_GND (DE-588)4055916-6
(DE-588)4117665-0
title The philosophy of the social sciences an introduction
title_auth The philosophy of the social sciences an introduction
title_exact_search The philosophy of the social sciences an introduction
title_full The philosophy of the social sciences an introduction Robert Bishop
title_fullStr The philosophy of the social sciences an introduction Robert Bishop
title_full_unstemmed The philosophy of the social sciences an introduction Robert Bishop
title_short The philosophy of the social sciences
title_sort the philosophy of the social sciences an introduction
title_sub an introduction
topic Filosofische aspecten gtt
Sociale wetenschappen gtt
Philosophie
Sozialwissenschaften
Social sciences Philosophy
Sozialwissenschaften (DE-588)4055916-6 gnd
Wissenschaftstheorie (DE-588)4117665-0 gnd
topic_facet Filosofische aspecten
Sociale wetenschappen
Philosophie
Sozialwissenschaften
Social sciences Philosophy
Wissenschaftstheorie
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