The Armenians from kings and priests to merchants and commissars

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1. Verfasser: Panossian, Razmik (VerfasserIn)
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Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: New York Columbia Univ. Press 2006
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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text CONTENTS Preface and Acknowledgements page xi 1. Introduction 1 THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND DEFINITIONS 5 A brief overview: going beyond dichotomies 6 Questionable assumptions: homogenisation and the role of the state 10 Wie Armenian view 12 Defining the nation 18 — Tlie importance of subjectivity 20 — 77;e importance of modernity 24 — Tiie characteristics of nations 28 2. The Initial Building Blocks: From the Beginning of Time to the 17th Century 32 MYTHS, KINGS, CHRISTIANITY AND THE ETHNIE FROM NOAH TO MOVSES KHORENATSI 33 Hie conversion to Christianity 42 The alphabet and the Golden Century 44 Tlie paradigm of rebellion: the Battle ofAvarayr 46 Movses Khorenatsi and the writing of history 49 Theoretical interlude: the concept of ethnie 52 THE NEXT THOUSAND YEARS ... 57 Arab rule 58 The Bagratuni dynasty 59 Tiie Turkic invasions 60 Tfie Diasporan Kingdom of Cilicia 63 Subjects of empires, again: maintaining identity as a religious community 66 3. Merchants, Diasporan Communities, and Liberation Attempts: the 17th to the 19th Century 75 PREPARING THE GROUNDWORK, I: MERCHANT COMMUNITIES AND DIASPORAN CENTRES 76 viii Contents Newjulfa 78 India 80 Europe 82 Constantinople 83 Tiflis 86 Diaspora /merchant communities and national identity 87 — Diaspora merchants as the financiers of culture, learning and identity 87 — Armenian printing 90 Tlieoretical interlude: print capitalism 94 PREPARING THE GROUNDWORK, II: THE MKHITARIST BROTHERHOOD 101 PREPARING THE GROUNDWORK, III: EARLY ATTEMPTS AT LIBERATION AND RUSSIAN RULE 109 Tlie precedent of rebellion 110 — Initial attempts 110 — Israel Ori Ш — Davit Bek 112 — Joseph Emin 115 The Russian conquest of Eastern Armenia 119 4. A Multilocal Awakening: The Consolidation and Radicalisation of Collective Identity in the 19th Century 128 THE MULTILOCAL ARGUMENT 129 LANGUAGE 132 In the west 134 In the east 135 LITERARY CULTURE 137 In the west 138 In the east 142 POLITICAL IDEOLOGY 147 In the west 148 In the east 153 In Ottoman Armenia 160 Theoretical interlude: intellectuals and phases 180 5. Revolutionary Parties and Genocide, Independence and Sovietisation: Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries 188 NATIONALISM THROUGH OTHERS: RELIANCE ON EXTERNAL FORCES 189 Contents ix THE RELIGIOUS DIMENSION IN SECULAR NATIONALISM 194 POLITICAL AND REVOLUTIONARY ORGANISATIONS 200 Early attempts at organisation 200 Tlie Armenakans and their continuations 201 The Hnchakian Party 203 Tlie Armenian Revolutionary Federation 205 Armenian Marxists/Social Democrats 210 REVOLUTIONARY ACTIVITIES 214 Protests and terrorism 214 Intra-comtnunity activities 217 Self-defence — in east and west 219 Alliance with the Young Turks 223 THE GENOCIDE 228 THE INDEPENDENT REPUBLIC AND SOVIETISATION 242 6. Differing Identities: Soviet Armenians, Diaspora Armenians, 1921-87 262 DYNAMICS IN SOVIET ARMENIA 266 The federal structure and centre-republic relations 267 Modernisation and national identity 270 Theoretical interlude: identity and modernisation 273 Soviet nationalities policies 274 Demographic issues and the homogenisation of Armenia 277 A national and nationalising political elite 282 The gap between ideology and reality 286 CREATING A DIASPORAN NATIONAL IDENTITY 291 Diasporan mobilisation 294 Education as the means 297 Language as the marker 299 Ideology as the directive 300 The social milieu as the setting 303 A new diasporan identity and its politia 306 Theoretical interlude: the modern diaspora 311 7. Strengthening National Identity, Soviet Style, 1921-87 319 1965: A TURNING POINT 320 THE KEY FACTORS AND MECHANISMS IN BUILDING NATIONAL IDENTITY 323 The dbsident movement 323 χ Contents Historiography 327 Art and literature 333 — Republic first, diaspora second 338 Language 342 Textbooks and education 345 Monuments and rituals 348 Church and religion 350 Theoretical interlude: the state-culture nexus 356 REPATRIATION AND FORMAL ARMENIA-DIASPORA RELATIONS 358 A divided diaspora and Soviet Armenia s links with it 365 ARF-Soviet Armenia relations 371 STAGNATION AND DISSATISFACTION 376 IDEOLOGY AS A GAME 379 8. Conclusion: a Multilocal Nation Continues 384 Bibliography 395 Armenian language sources 395 Non-Armenian language sources 407 Archival material 432 Electronic sources 432 Formal interviews 433 Index АУТ MAPS Historic and present-day Armenia xviii Arshakuni Armenia, lst-5th centuries AD 56 Ottoman-Persian treaty, 1639 74 Russian Expansion into South Caucasus, 1774-1878 127 The Western (Ottoman) Armenian provinces, 1878-1914 215 Soviet and Independent Armenia, 1920 to the present 359
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author Panossian, Razmik
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geographic Arménie - Histoire
Armenia History
Armenien (DE-588)4085931-9 gnd
geographic_facet Arménie - Histoire
Armenia History
Armenien
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spellingShingle Panossian, Razmik
The Armenians from kings and priests to merchants and commissars
Armeniërs gtt
Arméniens - Histoire
Arméniens - Identité ethnique
Arméniens à l'étranger - Histoire
Etnische identiteit gtt
Geschichte
Armenians Ethnic identity
Armenians History
Armenians Foreign countries History
Nationenbildung (DE-588)4075230-6 gnd
Nationalbewusstsein (DE-588)4041282-9 gnd
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(DE-588)4041282-9
(DE-588)4033542-2
(DE-588)4085933-2
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title The Armenians from kings and priests to merchants and commissars
title_auth The Armenians from kings and priests to merchants and commissars
title_exact_search The Armenians from kings and priests to merchants and commissars
title_full The Armenians from kings and priests to merchants and commissars Razmik Panossian
title_fullStr The Armenians from kings and priests to merchants and commissars Razmik Panossian
title_full_unstemmed The Armenians from kings and priests to merchants and commissars Razmik Panossian
title_short The Armenians
title_sort the armenians from kings and priests to merchants and commissars
title_sub from kings and priests to merchants and commissars
topic Armeniërs gtt
Arméniens - Histoire
Arméniens - Identité ethnique
Arméniens à l'étranger - Histoire
Etnische identiteit gtt
Geschichte
Armenians Ethnic identity
Armenians History
Armenians Foreign countries History
Nationenbildung (DE-588)4075230-6 gnd
Nationalbewusstsein (DE-588)4041282-9 gnd
Kulturelle Identität (DE-588)4033542-2 gnd
Armenier (DE-588)4085933-2 gnd
topic_facet Armeniërs
Arméniens - Histoire
Arméniens - Identité ethnique
Arméniens à l'étranger - Histoire
Etnische identiteit
Geschichte
Armenians Ethnic identity
Armenians History
Armenians Foreign countries History
Nationenbildung
Nationalbewusstsein
Kulturelle Identität
Armenier
Arménie - Histoire
Armenia History
Armenien
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