Optimising design and operation of the biofiltration process for municipal wastewater treatment
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Inst. WAR
2005
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| 100 | 1 | |a Rother, Elmar |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Optimising design and operation of the biofiltration process for municipal wastewater treatment |c von Elmar Rother. [Hrsg.: Verein zur Förderung des Instituts WAR, Wasserversorgung und Grundwasserschutz, Abwassertechnik, Abfalltechnik, Industrielle Stoffkreisläufe, Umwelt- und Raumplanung der Technischen Universität Darmstadt] |
| 264 | 1 | |a Darmstadt |b Inst. WAR |c 2005 | |
| 300 | |a XI, 189 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. |c 21 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Schriftenreihe WAR |v 163 | |
| 500 | |a Literaturverz. S. 159 - 173 | ||
| 502 | |a Zugl.: Darmstadt, Techn. Univ., Diss., 2005 | ||
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| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Biofilter |0 (DE-588)4122928-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Biologische Abwasserreinigung |0 (DE-588)4112771-7 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Biofilter |0 (DE-588)4122928-9 |D s |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | OPTIMISING DESIGN AND OPERATION OF THE BIOFIITRATION PROCESS FOR
MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT DEM FACHBEREICH 13 - BAUINGENIEURWESEN
UND GEODASIE - DER TECHNISCHEN UNIVERSITAT DARMSTADT ZUR ERIANGUNG DER
WURDE EINES DOKTOR-LNGENIEURS GENEHMIGTE DISSERTATION VON DIPL.-LNG.
ELMAR ROTHER, MSC AUS OELDE-STROMBERG D17 DARMSTADT, IM MARZ 2005
TABLE OF CONTENTS ZUSAMMENFASSUNG I SUMMARY HI I FOREWORD AND
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS V / ABBREVIATIONS AND INDICES VII TABLE OF CONTENTS
IX INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES 1 1.1 NEED FOR ADVANCED WASTEWATER
TREATMENT 1 1.2 BIOFIITRATION, THE PROCESS OF CHOICE? 1 1.3 NEED FOR
OPTIMISATION 2 1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THIS THESIS 2 THEORY AND CURRENT STATE
OF KNOWLEDGE 4 2.1 BIOFIITRATION - A BIOFILM PROCESS IN WASTEWATER
TREATMENT 4 2.1.1 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BIOFILM PROCESSES 4 2.1.2
DEVELOPMENTS OF THE LAST 10 YEARS IN BIOFILM PROCESSES 5 2.1.3 THE
BIOFIITRATION PROCESS 6 2.1.3.1 DIRECTION OF WASTEWATER FLOW: UP-FLOW OR
DOWN-FLOW 7 2.1.3.2 DIRECTION OF AERATION TO WASTEWATER: CO-OR
COUNTER-CURRENT 7 2.1.3.3 CONTINUOUS OR DISCONTINUOUS BACKWASH 7 2.1.3.4
FLOATING OR SUNKEN CARRIER MATERIALS 8 2.1.4 ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES OF THE BIOFIITRATION PROCESS 8 2.1.5 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
11 2.1.5.1 FULL BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT WITH SMALL FOOTPRINT IN URBAN AREAS
11 2.1.5.2 EXPANDING WWTP WITH NITRIFICATION AND/OR DENITRIFICATION 12
2.1.5.3 REACHING LOW NO 3 -N EFFLUENT CONCENTRATIONS 13 2.1.6 COMMON
DESIGN PRACTICE 13 2.2 FACTORS AFFECTING BIOFILTER PERFORMANCE 14 2.2.1
WASTEWATER-RELATED FACTORS R16 2.2.1.1 CONCENTRATION AND AVAILABILITY OF
SUBSTRATES AND NUTRIENTS ..16 2.2.1.2 CARBON FRACTIONATION AND
HYDROLYSIS 16 2.2.1.3 C/N RATIO 19 2.2.1.4 SUSPENDED SOLIDS 23 2.2.1.5
TEMPERATURE 24 2.2.1.6 PH-VALUE AND ALKALINITY 26 2.2.2 PROCESS RELATED
FACTORS 27 2.2.2.1 CARRIER MATERIAL AND SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA 27 2.2.2.2
HYDRAULIC PARAMETERS 29 2.2.2.3 AERATION AND OXYGEN SUPPLY 35 2.2.2A
EFFECTS OF SUBSTRATE DEFICIENCY AND PRE-LOAD ON REACTION RATES ,40
2.2.2.5 STORAGE AND EQUALISATION BASINS 41 2.2.3 CONSEQUENCES OF
RELATIONS BETWEEN DIFFERENT INFLUENCING FACTORS 42 2.3 PEAK LOADS IN
MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT 42 2.3.1 DISTINCTION BETWEEN LOAD
VARIATION AND PEAK LOAD 42 2.3.2 OCCURRENCE OF PEAK LOADS IN COMBINED
SEWER NETWORKS 42 2.3.3 EFFECTS OF PEAK LOADS ON WWTP 43 2.3.3.1 ORGANIC
CARBON PEAK LOADS 43 2.3.3.2 N-PEAK LOADS 44 2.3.4 SPECIAL RELEVANCE OF
PEAK LOADS IN NITRIFYING BAF 45 2.3.5 COMMON MEASURES AGAINST PEAK LOADS
IN BAF 46 2.4 REACTIVE CARRIER MATERIALS IN BIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER
TREATMENT 46 2.4.1 OVERVIEW 46 2.4.2 ZEOLITES IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT 48
2.4.3 ZEOLITES IN BIOFILTERS 48 2.4.4 REGENERATION OF ZEOLITES 51 2.4.5
REMAINING QUESTIONS REGARDING THE USE OF ZEOLITE IN BAF 51 2.5 FULL
SCALE BIOFILTERS IN PRACTICE 52 2.5.1 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PILOT SCALE
AND LARGE SCALE BIOFILTERS 52 IX 2.5.2 RELEVANCE OF AUTOMATION AND
CONTROL STRATEGIES 2.5.3 EXPERIENCES OF GERMAN PLANT OPERATORS 2.5.4
OPERATIONAL PROBLEMS 2.5.5 CONCLUSIONS: FULL SCALE EXPERIENCES MATERIALS
AND METHODS 3.1 THEORETICAL INVESTIGATIONS 3.1.1 FOOTPRINT AND ITS
INFLUENCE ON ANNUAL COSTS 3.1.2 INFLUENCE OF OPERATING PARAMETERS ON
BIOFILTER REACTION RATES 3.2 EXPERIMENTS 3.2.1 LABORATORY SCALE
EXPERIMENTS 3.2.1.1 RESPIRATION RATES 3.2.1.2 CHARACTERISATION OF COD
FRACTIONS IN WASTEWATER 3.2.1.3 DESORPTION OF AMMONIA FROM ZEOLITES
3.2.1.4 UNITS FOR AMMONIA ELIMINATION RATES 3.2.1.5 BATCH TESTS FOR THE
CHARACTERISATION OF NATURAL ZEOLITES 3.2.1.6 LABORATORY FILTER UNIT
3.2.2 PILOT PLANT 3.2.2.1 RAW WASTEWATER COMPOSITIONS IN DIFFERENT
TRIALS 3.2.2.2 TECHNICAL DATA OF PILOT PLANT 3.2.2.3 CONFIGURATION FOR
COMPARISON OF PRE-DN/N 3.2.2.4 CONFIGURATION FOR NITRIFICATION ONLY
3.2.3 SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES 3.2.4 CALCULATION OF KEY
PARAMETERS 3.3 EVALUATION OF OPERATIONAL DATA OF FULL-SCALE PLANTS 3.3.1
PROCESS DESCRIPTION OF ANALYSED FULL-SCALE PLANTS 3.3.2 MEASUREMENT AND
CONTROL MECHANISMS 3.3.2.1 AERATION CONTROL 3.3.2.2 BACKWASH CONTROL
3.3.2.3 INTERNAL RECYCLE CONTROL 3.3.2.4 FILTER CONTROL - RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION 4.1 FOOTPRINT AND ITS INFLUENCE ON ANNUAL COSTS 4.1.1
MOTIVATION 4.1.2 DETERMINATION OF TANK VOLUMES AND FOOTPRINT 4.1.3
APPLICATION OF DYNAMIC COST COMPARISON METHOD 4.2 COMBINING PRE-DN AND N
IN ONE BIOFILTER 4.2.1 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF EXPERIMENTS 4.2.2
START-UP, CARBON AND TSS REMOVAL 4.2.3 DENITRIFICATION 4.2.4
NITRIFICATION 4.2.5 BACKWASHING 4.2.6 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 4.3
OPTIMISING NITRIFICATION PERFORMANCE 4.3.1 MOTIVATION 4.3.2
PRE-TREATMENT AND C/N RATIO 4.3.3 SUSPENDED SOLIDS 4.3.4 WATER VELOCITY
AND CARRIER PROPERTIES 4.3.4.1 PRESSURE LOSS I 4.3.4.2 WATER VELOCITY
AND CONCENTRATION BOUNDARY LAYER ; 4.3.4.3 COMPARING EXPANDED CLAY AND
JURA PEARLS 4.3.4.4 CONCLUSIONS: WATER VELOCITY AND CARRIER PROPERTIES
* 4.3.5 AERATION AND OXYGEN SUPPLY I 4.3.5.1 EFFLUENT DO ! 4.3.5.2
THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION OF TEMPERATURE EFFECTS IN NITRIFYING BAF
4.3.5.3 EFFECT OF AERATION VELOCITY ON NITRIFICATION RATES 4.3.5.4
EFFECT OF AERATION RATE AND WATER VELOCITY ON GAS CONTENT 1I 4.3.5.5
RESPONSE TIMES AFTER INCREASING DO 1I 4.3.5.6 CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR AERATION AND OXYGEN SUPPLY 1I X 4.3.6 ZEOLITE
CARRIER MATERIAL AGAINST AMMONIA PEAK-LOADS 105 4.3.6.1 SORPTION
ISOTHERMS 105 4.3.6.2 HARDNESS AND RESISTANCE AGAINST ABRASION 106
4.3.6.3 FACTORS INFLUENCING AMMONIA UPTAKE 107 4.3.6.4 DESORPTION AND
REGENERATION 110 4.3.6.5 SIMULATED PEAK LOADS 116 4.3.6.6 POSSIBLE FULL
SCALE APPLICATIONS OF ZEOLITES IN BAF 119 4.3.6.7 CONCLUSIONS FOR THE
APPLICATION OF ZEOLITES IN BAF 121 4.4 OPTIMISING DENITRIFICATION
PERFORMANCE 122 4.4.1 AVAILABILITY OF INTERNAL CARBON 123 4.4.2 LIMITED
DENITRIFICATION CAPACITY 123 4.4.3 RELATION OF DO DEPLETION, COD REMOVAL
AND DENITRIFICATION RATES 126 4.4.4 TRADE-OFF BETWEEN DENITRIFICATION
AND NITRIFICATION RATES 127 4.4.5 HEIGHT PROFILES 129 4.4.6 CONCLUSIONS
FOR OPTIMISING DENITRIFICATION IN PRACTICE 131 4.5 OPTIMISING ENERGY
CONSUMPTION AND PLANT EFFICIENCY 132 4.5.1 DISTRIBUTION OF ENERGY
CONSUMPTION 132 4.5.2 DEVELOPMENT OF A STRATEGY FOR PLANT I TO SAVE
ENERGY 137 4.5.3 CONSEQUENCES OF A REDUCED INTERNAL RECYCLE RATE 142
4.5.4 FINAL PROPOSALS FOR ENERGY AND COST SAVINGS 144 4.5.5 GENERAL
CONCLUSIONS FOR DESIGN AND OPERATION FROM FULL SCALE DATA 145 5
CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND OUTLOOK 146 5.1 OPTIMISING SPACE
REQUIREMENTS AND FOOTPRINT 146 5.2 COMBINING PRE-DN AND N IN ONE
BIOFILTER 146 5.3 OPTIMISING NITRIFICATION 147 5.3.1 PRE-TREATMENT 147
5.3.2 WATER VELOCITIES AND CARRIER PROPERTIES 148 5.3.3 OPTIMISING
AERATION 148 5.3.4 PREVENTING BREAKTHROUGH OF PEAK LOADS 149 5.4
OPTIMISING DENITRIFICATION 150 5.5 OPTIMISING ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND
PLANT EFFICIENCY 151 5.5.1 PERFORMING AN ENERGY ANALYSIS 151 5.5.2 ROLE
OF ON-LINE MEASUREMENTS 152 5.5.3 DATA PROCESSING AND CONTROL LOOPS 152
5.6 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR OPTIMISED PROCESS STABILITY IN GENERAL 153 5.7
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PLANNING AND DESIGN 153 5.8 OUTLOOK- WHERE TO
OPTIMISE FURTHER? 157 5.8.1 AVAILABILITY OF INTERNAL CARBON 157 5.8.2
PLANT CONTROL 157 5.8.3 DESIGN STANDARDS 157 5.8.4 MODEL DEVELOPMENT 157
5.8.5 CARRIER MATERIAL 158 6 LITERATURE 159 ANNEX I- COMPARISON OF
DIFFERENT WWT PROCESSES 174 ANNEX II- BIOMASS 181 ANNEX III-ZEOLITES 183
ANNEX IV-PILOT PLANT 189 XI
|
| adam_txt |
OPTIMISING DESIGN AND OPERATION OF THE BIOFIITRATION PROCESS FOR
MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT DEM FACHBEREICH 13 - BAUINGENIEURWESEN
UND GEODASIE - DER TECHNISCHEN UNIVERSITAT DARMSTADT ZUR ERIANGUNG DER
WURDE EINES DOKTOR-LNGENIEURS GENEHMIGTE DISSERTATION VON DIPL.-LNG.
ELMAR ROTHER, MSC AUS OELDE-STROMBERG D17 DARMSTADT, IM MARZ 2005 '
TABLE OF CONTENTS ZUSAMMENFASSUNG I SUMMARY HI I FOREWORD AND
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS V / ABBREVIATIONS AND INDICES VII ' TABLE OF CONTENTS
IX INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES 1 1.1 NEED FOR ADVANCED WASTEWATER
TREATMENT 1 1.2 BIOFIITRATION, THE PROCESS OF CHOICE? 1 1.3 NEED FOR
OPTIMISATION 2 1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THIS THESIS 2 THEORY AND CURRENT STATE
OF KNOWLEDGE 4 2.1 BIOFIITRATION - A BIOFILM PROCESS IN WASTEWATER
TREATMENT 4 2.1.1 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BIOFILM PROCESSES 4 2.1.2
DEVELOPMENTS OF THE LAST 10 YEARS IN BIOFILM PROCESSES 5 2.1.3 THE
BIOFIITRATION PROCESS 6 2.1.3.1 DIRECTION OF WASTEWATER FLOW: UP-FLOW OR
DOWN-FLOW 7 2.1.3.2 DIRECTION OF AERATION TO WASTEWATER: CO-OR
COUNTER-CURRENT 7 2.1.3.3 CONTINUOUS OR DISCONTINUOUS BACKWASH 7 2.1.3.4
FLOATING OR SUNKEN CARRIER MATERIALS 8 2.1.4 ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES OF THE BIOFIITRATION PROCESS 8 2.1.5 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
11 2.1.5.1 FULL BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT WITH SMALL FOOTPRINT IN URBAN AREAS
11 2.1.5.2 EXPANDING WWTP WITH NITRIFICATION AND/OR DENITRIFICATION 12
2.1.5.3 REACHING LOW NO 3 -N EFFLUENT CONCENTRATIONS 13 2.1.6 COMMON
DESIGN PRACTICE 13 2.2 FACTORS AFFECTING BIOFILTER PERFORMANCE 14 2.2.1
WASTEWATER-RELATED FACTORS R16 2.2.1.1 CONCENTRATION AND AVAILABILITY OF
SUBSTRATES AND NUTRIENTS .16 2.2.1.2 CARBON FRACTIONATION AND
HYDROLYSIS 16 2.2.1.3 C/N RATIO 19 2.2.1.4 SUSPENDED SOLIDS 23 2.2.1.5
TEMPERATURE 24 2.2.1.6 PH-VALUE AND ALKALINITY 26 2.2.2 PROCESS RELATED
FACTORS 27 2.2.2.1 CARRIER MATERIAL AND SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA 27 2.2.2.2
HYDRAULIC PARAMETERS 29 2.2.2.3 AERATION AND OXYGEN SUPPLY 35 2.2.2A
EFFECTS OF SUBSTRATE DEFICIENCY AND PRE-LOAD ON REACTION RATES ,40
2.2.2.5 STORAGE AND EQUALISATION BASINS 41 2.2.3 CONSEQUENCES OF
RELATIONS BETWEEN DIFFERENT INFLUENCING FACTORS 42 2.3 PEAK LOADS IN
MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT 42 2.3.1 DISTINCTION BETWEEN LOAD
VARIATION AND PEAK LOAD 42 2.3.2 OCCURRENCE OF PEAK LOADS IN COMBINED
SEWER NETWORKS 42 2.3.3 EFFECTS OF PEAK LOADS ON WWTP 43 2.3.3.1 ORGANIC
CARBON PEAK LOADS 43 2.3.3.2 N-PEAK LOADS 44 2.3.4 SPECIAL RELEVANCE OF
PEAK LOADS IN NITRIFYING BAF 45 2.3.5 COMMON MEASURES AGAINST PEAK LOADS
IN BAF 46 2.4 "REACTIVE" CARRIER MATERIALS IN BIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER
TREATMENT 46 2.4.1 OVERVIEW 46 2.4.2 ZEOLITES IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT 48
2.4.3 ZEOLITES IN BIOFILTERS 48 2.4.4 REGENERATION OF ZEOLITES 51 2.4.5
REMAINING QUESTIONS REGARDING THE USE OF ZEOLITE IN BAF 51 2.5 FULL
SCALE BIOFILTERS IN PRACTICE 52 2.5.1 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PILOT SCALE
AND LARGE SCALE BIOFILTERS 52 IX 2.5.2 RELEVANCE OF AUTOMATION AND
CONTROL STRATEGIES 2.5.3 EXPERIENCES OF GERMAN PLANT OPERATORS 2.5.4
OPERATIONAL PROBLEMS 2.5.5 CONCLUSIONS: FULL SCALE EXPERIENCES MATERIALS
AND METHODS 3.1 THEORETICAL INVESTIGATIONS 3.1.1 FOOTPRINT AND ITS
INFLUENCE ON ANNUAL COSTS 3.1.2 INFLUENCE OF OPERATING PARAMETERS ON
BIOFILTER REACTION RATES 3.2 EXPERIMENTS 3.2.1 LABORATORY SCALE
EXPERIMENTS 3.2.1.1 RESPIRATION RATES 3.2.1.2 CHARACTERISATION OF COD
FRACTIONS IN WASTEWATER 3.2.1.3 DESORPTION OF AMMONIA FROM ZEOLITES
3.2.1.4 UNITS FOR AMMONIA ELIMINATION RATES 3.2.1.5 BATCH TESTS FOR THE
CHARACTERISATION OF NATURAL ZEOLITES 3.2.1.6 LABORATORY FILTER UNIT
3.2.2 PILOT PLANT 3.2.2.1 RAW WASTEWATER COMPOSITIONS IN DIFFERENT
TRIALS 3.2.2.2 TECHNICAL DATA OF PILOT PLANT 3.2.2.3 CONFIGURATION FOR
COMPARISON OF PRE-DN/N 3.2.2.4 CONFIGURATION FOR NITRIFICATION ONLY
3.2.3 SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES 3.2.4 CALCULATION OF KEY
PARAMETERS 3.3 EVALUATION OF OPERATIONAL DATA OF FULL-SCALE PLANTS 3.3.1
PROCESS DESCRIPTION OF ANALYSED FULL-SCALE PLANTS 3.3.2 MEASUREMENT AND
CONTROL MECHANISMS 3.3.2.1 AERATION CONTROL 3.3.2.2 BACKWASH CONTROL
3.3.2.3 INTERNAL RECYCLE CONTROL 3.3.2.4 FILTER CONTROL - RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION 4.1 FOOTPRINT AND ITS INFLUENCE ON ANNUAL COSTS 4.1.1
MOTIVATION 4.1.2 DETERMINATION OF TANK VOLUMES AND FOOTPRINT 4.1.3
APPLICATION OF DYNAMIC COST COMPARISON METHOD 4.2 COMBINING PRE-DN AND N
IN ONE BIOFILTER 4.2.1 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF EXPERIMENTS 4.2.2
START-UP, CARBON AND TSS REMOVAL 4.2.3 DENITRIFICATION 4.2.4
NITRIFICATION 4.2.5 BACKWASHING 4.2.6 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 4.3
OPTIMISING NITRIFICATION PERFORMANCE 4.3.1 MOTIVATION 4.3.2
PRE-TREATMENT AND C/N RATIO 4.3.3 SUSPENDED SOLIDS 4.3.4 WATER VELOCITY
AND CARRIER PROPERTIES 4.3.4.1 PRESSURE LOSS I 4.3.4.2 WATER VELOCITY
AND CONCENTRATION BOUNDARY LAYER ; 4.3.4.3 COMPARING EXPANDED CLAY AND
JURA PEARLS 4.3.4.4 CONCLUSIONS: WATER VELOCITY AND CARRIER PROPERTIES
'* 4.3.5 AERATION AND OXYGEN SUPPLY I 4.3.5.1 EFFLUENT DO ! 4.3.5.2
THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION OF TEMPERATURE EFFECTS IN NITRIFYING BAF '
4.3.5.3 EFFECT OF AERATION VELOCITY ON NITRIFICATION RATES ' 4.3.5.4
EFFECT OF AERATION RATE AND WATER VELOCITY ON GAS CONTENT 1I 4.3.5.5
RESPONSE TIMES AFTER INCREASING DO 1I 4.3.5.6 CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR AERATION AND OXYGEN SUPPLY 1I X 4.3.6 ZEOLITE
CARRIER MATERIAL AGAINST AMMONIA PEAK-LOADS 105 4.3.6.1 SORPTION
ISOTHERMS 105 4.3.6.2 HARDNESS AND RESISTANCE AGAINST ABRASION 106
4.3.6.3 FACTORS INFLUENCING AMMONIA UPTAKE 107 4.3.6.4 DESORPTION AND
REGENERATION 110 4.3.6.5 SIMULATED PEAK LOADS 116 4.3.6.6 POSSIBLE FULL
SCALE APPLICATIONS OF ZEOLITES IN BAF 119 4.3.6.7 CONCLUSIONS FOR THE
APPLICATION OF ZEOLITES IN BAF 121 4.4 OPTIMISING DENITRIFICATION
PERFORMANCE 122 4.4.1 AVAILABILITY OF INTERNAL CARBON 123 4.4.2 LIMITED
DENITRIFICATION CAPACITY 123 4.4.3 RELATION OF DO DEPLETION, COD REMOVAL
AND DENITRIFICATION RATES 126 4.4.4 TRADE-OFF BETWEEN DENITRIFICATION
AND NITRIFICATION RATES 127 4.4.5 HEIGHT PROFILES 129 4.4.6 CONCLUSIONS
FOR OPTIMISING DENITRIFICATION IN PRACTICE 131 4.5 OPTIMISING ENERGY
CONSUMPTION AND PLANT EFFICIENCY 132 4.5.1 DISTRIBUTION OF ENERGY
CONSUMPTION 132 4.5.2 DEVELOPMENT OF A STRATEGY FOR PLANT I TO SAVE
ENERGY 137 4.5.3 CONSEQUENCES OF A REDUCED INTERNAL RECYCLE RATE 142
4.5.4 FINAL PROPOSALS FOR ENERGY AND COST SAVINGS 144 4.5.5 GENERAL
CONCLUSIONS FOR DESIGN AND OPERATION FROM FULL SCALE DATA 145 5
CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND OUTLOOK 146 5.1 OPTIMISING SPACE
REQUIREMENTS AND FOOTPRINT 146 5.2 COMBINING PRE-DN AND N IN ONE
BIOFILTER 146 5.3 OPTIMISING NITRIFICATION 147 5.3.1 PRE-TREATMENT 147
5.3.2 WATER VELOCITIES AND CARRIER PROPERTIES 148 5.3.3 OPTIMISING
AERATION 148 5.3.4 PREVENTING BREAKTHROUGH OF PEAK LOADS 149 5.4
OPTIMISING DENITRIFICATION 150 5.5 OPTIMISING ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND
PLANT EFFICIENCY 151 5.5.1 PERFORMING AN ENERGY ANALYSIS 151 5.5.2 ROLE
OF ON-LINE MEASUREMENTS 152 5.5.3 DATA PROCESSING AND CONTROL LOOPS 152
5.6 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR OPTIMISED PROCESS STABILITY IN GENERAL 153 5.7
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PLANNING AND DESIGN 153 5.8 OUTLOOK- WHERE TO
OPTIMISE FURTHER? 157 5.8.1 AVAILABILITY OF INTERNAL CARBON 157 5.8.2
PLANT CONTROL 157 5.8.3 DESIGN STANDARDS 157 5.8.4 MODEL DEVELOPMENT 157
5.8.5 CARRIER MATERIAL 158 6 LITERATURE 159 ANNEX I- COMPARISON OF
DIFFERENT WWT PROCESSES 174 ANNEX II- BIOMASS 181 ANNEX III-ZEOLITES 183
ANNEX IV-PILOT PLANT 189 XI |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Rother, Elmar |
| author_facet | Rother, Elmar |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Rother, Elmar |
| author_variant | e r er |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV021404159 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)181466431 (DE-599)BVBBV021404159 |
| discipline | Maschinenbau / Maschinenwesen |
| discipline_str_mv | Maschinenbau / Maschinenwesen |
| format | Thesis Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Hochschulschrift |
| id | DE-604.BV021404159 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T14:02:37Z |
| indexdate | 2024-11-25T17:26:05Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3932518594 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-014655744 |
| oclc_num | 181466431 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-M490 DE-91 DE-BY-TUM DE-Aug7 DE-706 |
| owner_facet | DE-M490 DE-91 DE-BY-TUM DE-Aug7 DE-706 |
| physical | XI, 189 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 21 cm |
| publishDate | 2005 |
| publishDateSearch | 2005 |
| publishDateSort | 2005 |
| publisher | Inst. WAR |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Schriftenreihe WAR |
| series2 | Schriftenreihe WAR |
| spellingShingle | Rother, Elmar Optimising design and operation of the biofiltration process for municipal wastewater treatment Schriftenreihe WAR Biologische Abwasserreinigung (DE-588)4112771-7 gnd Biofilter (DE-588)4122928-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4112771-7 (DE-588)4122928-9 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | Optimising design and operation of the biofiltration process for municipal wastewater treatment |
| title_auth | Optimising design and operation of the biofiltration process for municipal wastewater treatment |
| title_exact_search | Optimising design and operation of the biofiltration process for municipal wastewater treatment |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Optimising design and operation of the biofiltration process for municipal wastewater treatment |
| title_full | Optimising design and operation of the biofiltration process for municipal wastewater treatment von Elmar Rother. [Hrsg.: Verein zur Förderung des Instituts WAR, Wasserversorgung und Grundwasserschutz, Abwassertechnik, Abfalltechnik, Industrielle Stoffkreisläufe, Umwelt- und Raumplanung der Technischen Universität Darmstadt] |
| title_fullStr | Optimising design and operation of the biofiltration process for municipal wastewater treatment von Elmar Rother. [Hrsg.: Verein zur Förderung des Instituts WAR, Wasserversorgung und Grundwasserschutz, Abwassertechnik, Abfalltechnik, Industrielle Stoffkreisläufe, Umwelt- und Raumplanung der Technischen Universität Darmstadt] |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimising design and operation of the biofiltration process for municipal wastewater treatment von Elmar Rother. [Hrsg.: Verein zur Förderung des Instituts WAR, Wasserversorgung und Grundwasserschutz, Abwassertechnik, Abfalltechnik, Industrielle Stoffkreisläufe, Umwelt- und Raumplanung der Technischen Universität Darmstadt] |
| title_short | Optimising design and operation of the biofiltration process for municipal wastewater treatment |
| title_sort | optimising design and operation of the biofiltration process for municipal wastewater treatment |
| topic | Biologische Abwasserreinigung (DE-588)4112771-7 gnd Biofilter (DE-588)4122928-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Biologische Abwasserreinigung Biofilter Hochschulschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014655744&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV021862950 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rotherelmar optimisingdesignandoperationofthebiofiltrationprocessformunicipalwastewatertreatment |