Ancient place names in the Holy Land preservation and history

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1. Verfasser: Elitsur, Yoel (VerfasserIn)
Format: Abschlussarbeit Buch
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: Jerusalem Magnes Press [u.a.] 2004
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adam_text ANCIENT PLACE NAMES IN THE HOLY LAND Preservation and History By Yoel Elitzur Copublished by The Hebrew University Magnes Press, Jerusalem and Eisenbrauns Winona Lake, Indiana, U S A Contents Preface xi Part One: Introduction I Preservation of toponyms in the Holy Land as a basis for studying its past 1 II The set of toponyms as a linguistic corpus 1 III Linguistic analysis of metamorphoses of names; previous attempts 4 IV Evaluation of Kampffmeyer s study 5 V The danger of using toponyms for historical research without linguistic discipline 8 VI Guidelines for linguistic investigation of changes in toponyms 11 VII What are almost positive identifications? 12 VIII Mode of operation 14 IX A list of the 177 toponyms of the full corpus 15 X A few technicalities 18 Part Two: The Sixty Entries 1 Kaioapeia (IJ -IOV [qesariyye] 23 2 natauaxivTi DTiB 7D/nip ?D/ ri 0179 -jLi-ii [falastln] 28 3 NECHIOXIC 1 VlD l jJit [nables] 32 4 MXa rV? N u,i 34 5 Bti0aY^d rton m x [hagla] 37 6 Aporip nsTlV [ ara er] 41 7 Apa8 T15? farad] 47 8 UaXaaQa snrftn* [milh] 50 9 AKpaPaiTivn rmj?» [ aqraba] 54 10 ApPiiXd [ irbid] 57 11 neUa ?ns jii [fah l] 60 12 Ti|kpidc, H nao Sj i [tabariyya] / [tabariyye] 64 13 riavedi; DJD ^LL [banyas] 71 14 ApaPd 31» [ arrabe] 75 15 Safforine / ZEJKptopii; (1/ohlS S Sj^ [saffurye] 79 16 Ann amp;v 11DS jiii famman] 88 17 PayaPo/ EpYdtP] an [rageb] 93 18 BeToocwdp(a) [ innabe] 96 18a Ly, c ^ [bet nuba] 96 19 AO6(B8 mra [ esdud] 103 20 AKKotpcov inp» jji [ aqer] 119 21 AoKotAfflv ll7pws jiiS^i [ asqalan] 121 22 A(peKd pDK [flq] 124 23 AnnaBoviq inns? - ]nnn [ ammata] 127 24 Ejijicc8a ill nan [ el-hamme] 131 25 MaXriSonvei D SIX n?5?» [tal at ed-damm] 132 26 BTi iDaviv - BTI9EVI|I ni35?-nl 3 [bet enun] 134 27 OSoUdji - ASoXdK D?1» [Id el-miyye] 137 28 A8i6d Tin [hadite] 139 29 Avdp 3JB [ anab] 141 30 Avaia - Aved B Jff [gwen] or [gwene] 143 31 EoOend »inn»s - nnnwx [samu ] 149 32 AT0tpo )6 Atarus [ attara] or [ atara] 152 33 Aafip [tyasir] 156 34 AxopcoB (?11K nnos) nno» [ atara] or [ attara] 157 35 Ava8co0 ninis [ anata] 159 36 Ed[X]o ) ; m^os* - nan n joa [( i)ksal] 160 37 AKXCO 135? [ akka] 163 38 EK5ui7ia 3 iaN [ ir-zlb] 167 39 AXoO? li? ,K [yalo] 170 40 Apoi)£{[p]; farura] 171 41 APeX Ap{Xa j,i fabil] 173 42 AevScbp HvScop i n yv [ endor] / [ indur] 174 43 AiyaUeCti ID 1?!??), [galame] 177 44 [I]aXe((i - [ZaXouutai;] tf?W»? [seh salem] 180 45 Bai9f|A - Be6f|X *7W 2 [betln] 181 46 BiiBfceii Qn7 n 3 ^j amp;* [bet lah m] 184 47 Baxavaia 1^3 ^5ai 186 48 TtiPd ^ i [(al-)gib] 192 49 AanaaKoq pwm jliij 193 50 Adv n [tall el-qadi], [nahr al-liddan] 201 51 Aocvved [danne] 210 52 AcoGaety nrm/im [dotan]/[d5tan]/[dota]/[d5ia] 211 53 ATIPOSC, - [AaiPmv] - A(P(ov p l [dlban]/[diban] 215 54 AaPapi8a (AoPeipd?) rn3i [dab(b)urye] 222 54a man [dabura]? 222 55 Aovna [dome]/[dume] 231 56 Aai8dv i n [dana] 239 57 EaeP(ov - Eafloxic, liail^ n [hesban] 245 58 ASpd, A8pad • Tina, [der a] 251 59 EtedA-n H JS JK [ el al] / [ el ala] 263 60 Eq paiu mSff/HSS [ afra]/[at-tay(yi)be] 268 Part Three: Linguistic Summary I Comments on Spelling 291 1 In the Bible 291 2 In Ancient Hebrew and Northwest Semitic inscriptions 292 3 In Greek and Latin sources 292 4 In Medieval Arabic sources 293 5 Reports by modern scholars 293 II Phonology 294 Consonants 294 1 Ancient Semitic sounds, now generally lost 294 2 Preservation of gutturals 296 3 Hard and soft pronunciation (n93 Via) 299 4 Semitic cognates of Greeks jt x 301 5 Preservation of emphasis in Arab speech 303 6 Generally !P /s/; in Galilee (and Lebanon) IP /$/ 303 7 fc /sV 304 8 Gemination of consonants 305 9 Assimilation in quality of consonants 308 10 Consonantal alternation 309 Vowels 310 11 The Canaanite Shift 310 14 u 312 15 holem 313 16 holem e in Moab and the coastal towns? 314 17 Added lid or Iral at end of word after long vowel 314 18 Ancient short vowel in pretonic open syllable 316 19 Qames and patah 316 20 Sere 317 21 Short i; defective hireq and segol 318 22 Short u 319 23 Semi-vowels 319 24 Sewa quiescent 321 25 Differences of vowel length 322 26 Diphthongs 323 27 Vowel assimilation 325 28 Attenuation 325 29 Omission of final vowel in a Greek name 326 30 Raising of vowel before ta marbuta in Arabic ( final imdla ) 326 Accentuation 327 31 Accentuation in place names in Arab speech 327 32 Difficulty of drawing conclusions from present-day pronunciation as to accentuation in the past 328 33 Addition of trly at the end of a word after a vowel may also occur when the accent is on the penult 328 III Morphology 329 1 Patterns of nouns of Semitic origin in the Corpus 329 2 Vestiges of Gt 331 3 The Segolates 331 4 qitil qitl qatl 332 5 Alternating of thematic vowel in segolate forms 332 6 qital ?Bj? (generally in Hebrew) /^ Bj? (sometimes) / 70J? (similar to Aramaic) 333 7 qatil ?0j? qatil (majority) / qatil (minority) 333 8 Historical alternation of noun patterns 333 9 First part of a name understood as prefix and dropped suffixes of noun patterns 333 10 Suffix -at; source and reason for preservation in toponyms 333 11 Suffix -i 334 12 Suffix -It 334 13 Suffix -aym/n not as a dual ending: A typical addition to toponyms 335 14 Alternation and omission of suffixes 336 15 Alternations between Hebrew/Aramaic and Greek suffixes 337 16 Greek -ouc suffix reflecting /-on/ 337 17 Added Id at end of names in Greek and Latin sources in the Roman-Byzantine Era 338 18 Non-Greek sources render -os/-us instead of -as/-is in an originally Greek name - standardization? 339 19 Adaptation of pre-Arabic suffix to Arabic 339 20 Back-formation 340 21 Baixo-ZBexo-, Bnpo- (= nia, 1X3) in 2nd-6th centuries CE 340 22 Final imala: ta marbuta pronounced today [e] or [i] 340 23 Names preserved in Arabic as diminutive 341 IV Definite Article and Syntax 342 1 Determination and the definite article 342 2 Special phenomena pertaining to the definite article 343 3 Names consisting of two words 344 4 rP3 as an integral part of the name: sometimes a free variant 346 5 Ja as part of the name in early periods dropped later (for historical reasons?) 347 V Etymology and Semantics 347 1 Interpretations of names and lexicological remarks 347 2 Etiological homilies and folk etymology 350 3 Internal changes in the name inspired by changed understanding of its elements 352 4 Translation and adaptation of names from one language to another 352 5 A Hebrew caique to a Greek form 354 6 Pedantic forms in literary Arabic sources 355 7 Influence of landscape on development of the name 355 8 Name replaced by a euphemism 355 9 Common noun derived from a place name 356 VI Historical Matters, Transmission of Hebrew, Confluence of Languages 357 General 357 1 Confluence of languages 357 2 Wandering word from the 3rd mill BCE? 358 3 Name preserved for millennia by nomads, despite mostly ruined state of site 358 4 Name preserved in two parallel versions 358 5 Name influenced by a generally known name 359 6 Regional differences 360 7 Standard and substandard 360 The Bible and the biblical period 361 8 Names in the Bible 361 9 Early vs late books of the Bible 362 10 Ammonite? 363 11 The coastal cities in Greek 363 12 Ancient Assyrian source reflecting local Hebrew pronunciation 364 Roman-Byzantine Period 364 13 Certain people and their reports of place-names 364 14 The Targums 365 15 Mishnah, Talmuds, Midrash and their linguistic traditions 366 16 Samaritans 367 Arab Period and Middle Ages 367 17 Adaptation of names to Arabic; the question of Arab mouth and Syrian mouth 367 18 Arabic material of Christian source from the first centuries A H 369 19 Colloquial Arabic preserves the original name better than does Literary Arabic 369 20 Preservation of a name in a nearby wall 369 Modern Era 369 21 Change of name in Transjordan on eve of and during 19th century 369 22 European travelers err in hearing and recording Arabic sounds 369 23 Scholars lend exaggerated weight to an exceptional report 370 24 Misidentification due to misreading of sources 370 25 To what extent have names changed since the Arab conquest (till today)? 370 Part Four: New Approaches and Clarifications in Historical Geography A Brief Summary of New Discoveries and Insights in Historical Geography 372 Bibliography and Abbreviations 388 Index of Sources 411 General Index 415 Linguistic Index 420 Geographical Name Index 426 Index of Scholars and Travellers 442 Word Index 445
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spellingShingle Elitsur, Yoel
Ancient place names in the Holy Land preservation and history
Bible. O.T. Geography
Geografische namen gtt
Geografie
Geografischer Name
Names in the Bible
Names, Geographical Arabic
Names, Geographical Palestine
Toponymy
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(DE-588)4044381-4
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title Ancient place names in the Holy Land preservation and history
title_alt Shemot mekomot ʻatikim she-nishtamru befi ha-ʻArvim ba-arets
title_auth Ancient place names in the Holy Land preservation and history
title_exact_search Ancient place names in the Holy Land preservation and history
title_full Ancient place names in the Holy Land preservation and history by Yoel Elitzur
title_fullStr Ancient place names in the Holy Land preservation and history by Yoel Elitzur
title_full_unstemmed Ancient place names in the Holy Land preservation and history by Yoel Elitzur
title_short Ancient place names in the Holy Land
title_sort ancient place names in the holy land preservation and history
title_sub preservation and history
topic Bible. O.T. Geography
Geografische namen gtt
Geografie
Geografischer Name
Names in the Bible
Names, Geographical Arabic
Names, Geographical Palestine
Toponymy
Ortsname (DE-588)4043950-1 gnd
topic_facet Bible. O.T. Geography
Geografische namen
Geografie
Geografischer Name
Names in the Bible
Names, Geographical Arabic
Names, Geographical Palestine
Toponymy
Ortsname
Palästina
Hochschulschrift
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