Hausa
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Amsterdam [u.a.]
Benjamins
2001
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| Schriftenreihe: | London Oriental and African language library
7 |
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| 049 | |a DE-703 |a DE-824 |a DE-12 |a DE-19 |a DE-11 |a DE-355 | ||
| 050 | 0 | |a PL8232 | |
| 082 | 0 | |a 493/.725 |2 21 | |
| 084 | |a EP 15451 |0 (DE-625)26130:231 |2 rvk | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Jaggar, Philip J. |d 1945- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)140498923 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Hausa |c Philip J. Jaggar |
| 264 | 1 | |a Amsterdam [u.a.] |b Benjamins |c 2001 | |
| 300 | |a XXXIII, 754 S. |b Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a London Oriental and African language library |v 7 | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Hausa (taal) |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Grammatik | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Hausa language |x Grammar | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Hausa-Sprache |0 (DE-588)4120193-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Grammatik |0 (DE-588)4021806-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Hausa-Sprache |0 (DE-588)4120193-0 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Grammatik |0 (DE-588)4021806-5 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 830 | 0 | |a London Oriental and African language library |v 7 |w (DE-604)BV009996412 |9 7 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung UB Regensburg |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009673464&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009673464 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804128987222376448 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
List of Tables and Figures
xxv
Preface
xxvii
Cross-Referencing, Abbreviations, Symbols and Transcription
xxix
Map
xxxiv
1.
Introduction
1
1.
Previous Linguistic and Pedagogical Works on Hausa
3
2.
Data Sources
4
2.
Phonology
5
1.
Introduction
5
2.
Phonological Inventory
5
2.1.
Consonants
5
2.2.
Vowels and diphthongs
9
3.
Tone
12
3.1.
Fixed tone patterns
14
3.2.
Tonal polarity
15
4.
Intonation
16
4.1.
Statements
16
4.2.
Interrogative constructions
18
5.
Word Structure and Phonotactics
20
6.
Syllable Structure
23
7.
Phonological Rules and Processes
25
7.1.
Palatalization
25
7.2.
Syllable-final sonorization
26
7.3.
Gemination
28
7.4.
Metathesis
28
vi HAUSA
3.
Classification
of Nouns
30
1.
Introduction
ЗО
2.
Common Nouns
30
2.1.
Dynamic nouns
30
2.2.
Non-dynamic nouns
31
2.2.1.
Count nouns
31
2.2.2.
Collective nouns
32
2.2.3.
Noncount nouns
33
2.3.
Concrete vs. abstract nouns
34
2.4.
Nouns with dual (dynamic/non-dynamic) class membership
35
3.
Proper Nouns
35
3.1.
Personal names
36
3.1.1.
Islamic birth names (sunan
yankã)
36
3.1.2.
Everyday names (sunan
rana)
37
3.2.
Personal names as common nouns
40
3.3.
Hypocoristics
40
4.
Titles
41
5.
Geographical Names
42
5.1.
Simple (non-derived) geographical names
43
5.2.
Complex (derived) geographical names
43
5.3.
Foreign geographical names
45
6.
Temporal Names
46
7.
Books, Newspapers
47
4.
Simple Nouns and Adjectives: Gender and Number
48
1.
Introduction
48
2.
Gender
48
2.1.
Geographical locations
53
2.2.
O clock hours, days of the week, and prayer-times
55
2.3.
Months
55
2.4.
Numerals
56
2.5.
Time and place adverbs used as nouns
56
CONTENTS
vii
2.6. Feminine
gender forms of nouns and/or adjectives
57
2.6.1.
Derivation with
-nìya or
-anyä
suffix
57
2.6.2.
Inflection with
-ä
suffix
58
3.
Plurals of Nouns and Adjectives
61
3.1.
Copying and reduplication
64
3.2.
Class
1:
-ãCê)HLH
66
3.2.1.
Subclass la:
-ãCfê)111 11
66
3.2.2.
Subclass lb: -aye)HLH
66
3.2.3.
Subclass lc:
-ãC3ê)HLH
67
3.3.
Class
2:
-iäiCfaý&H
68
3.3.1.
Subclass 2a:
-аСза)111^
68
3.3.2.
Subclass 2b: -CrCf-a^H
68
3.3.3.
Subclass 2c:
-ăCţa)^11
69
3.3.4.
Subclass 2d:
-ä)111-11
69
3.4.
Class
3:
-äCfu^K
70
3.4.1.
Subclass
За: -йС^йу0^
70
3.4.2.
Subclass 3b:
-šCfu)1^11
70
3.5.
Class
4:
-õCfí)11
71
3.6.
Class
5:
-uCa)HL
72
3.6.1.
Subclass 5a:
-una)111-
72
3.6.2.
Subclass 5b:
-ика)1^
73
3.6.3.
Subclass 5c:
-uwã)HL
74
3.6.4.
Subclass 5d:
-uCfa)1*1-
75
3.7.
Class
6: -aki/-a(i)kü)LH 76
3.7.1.
Subclass 6a:
-CVC-...-akï)HLHH 76
3.7.2.
Subclass 6b:
-CVC-...-aCfï)HLHH
77
3.8.
Class
7:
-anm)LH
77
3.8.1.
Subclass 7a:
-éCfaní)111-1111
78
3.8.2.
Subclass 7b:
-еСзаСс)111-™
78
3.9.
Class
8:
-I)LH 7g
3.10.
Class
9:
-п)1-11
79
3.11.
Class
10:
-ai)1 11
80
viii HAUSA
3.11.1.
Subclass 10a:
CVQ-ä-CVCiaüLH 81
3.12.
Class
11:
-а)я
82
3.13.
Class
12:
-аУ/йуЛ/К
(ethnonymic plurals)
82
3.14.
Class
13:
Fully-reduplicated plurals (singular noun
χ
2) 83
3.15.
Class
14:
Repetitive-frequentative plurals (-e)LH
χ
2) 84
3.16.
Cross-class plural membership
88
3.17.
Plurals-on-plurals and plurals reanalyzed as singulars
88
3.18.
Different singulars
—>
homophonous plurals
89
3.19.
Zero-plurals
90
5.
Nominal and Adjectival Derivation
91
1.
Introduction
91
2. Suffixal
Derivation
91
2.1.
Abstract nouns
(-(VN)TA,
-(VN^I,
and
-(VN)TAKA)
92
2.1.1.
-(VN)TA
(=-(Vn)tä
and/or-(Vn)ta)
92
2.1.2. -(VN^H/HL
(=
.(an)cï)H
or
-(Уп^ђ111-)
94
2.1.3.
-(VN)TAKA)LHL
(=
-(Vn)takà)LHL)
97
2.2.
Mutuality/reciprocity (-ayya)LHL and/or
-ěCfeniya)LHHLH)
98
2.3.
Politico-religious systems, movements, etc.
(-iyyã)LHL)
99
2.4.
Related characteristics (-au)LH)
100
2.5.
Déverbal
nouns denoting games (-e)H)
102
2.6.
Abstract Nouns of Sensory Quality
(Л)Щ
103
2.7.
Ideophonic sound/movement nouns
(-піуа)^ ^^-
orXx2)LL-HH)
106
3.
Prefixai
Derivation
107
3.1.
Agential, instrumental and locative nouns formed with the
prefix ma-
107
3.1.1.
Agential nouns (ma-X-I)1-11)
108
3.1.2.
Instrumental nouns
(ma-X-ï)H)
111
3.1.3.
Locative nouns
(ma-X-a/í)H)
111
3.2.
Ethnonyms ( persons from X ) formed with the prefix
bä- 113
CONTENTS ix
4. Nominal
Compounding 1
17
4.1.
Structure and phonology
117
4.2.
Compound gender and number
124
4.3.
Ban-compounds
126
5.
Frozen Reduplicated Nouns
127
5.1.
Reduplication of stem syllable(s)
127
5.2.
Full reduplication
(Χ χ
2) 130
6.
Derived Adjectives
131
6.1.
Past participial adjectives (-aCfCfejLHH)
131
6.2.
Diminutive ideophonic adjectives
(СіїСгїСгҐ^ЇЇЦ
133
6.3.
Negative-defective adjectives (CVCVO-QWjCiVVj)
134
6.4.
Augmentative adjectives
(-ï)H,
-ëCfejHL,
е^с
) 135
6.4.1.
A-type (CVCCVC-
+
-ї)н)
136
6.4.2.
B-type (CWC-
or CVCC-
+
-еС^)111-)
137
6.4.3.
С
-type
(X-CVC
χ
г-гу-Н^Щ
138
6.4.4.
Syntactic functions
139
6.4.5.
Reduplicated augmentative adjectives
140
6.5.
Intensive sensory adjectives (CVC-X-a)1 ™)
141
6.6.
Compound adjectives
142
6.7.
Fully-reduplicated adjectives (stem-V
χ
2) 143
6.7.1.
Reduplicated
denominal
adjectives ( X-like , X-y )
143
6.7.2.
Reduplicated adjectives ( X-ish )
144
6.8.
Agential adjectives (ma-X-I)
146
6.9.
Ethnonymic adjectives
(bà-)
147
6.
Tense, Aspect, Mood
(ТАМ)
System
148
1.
An Overview of the
ТАМ
System
148
2.
Tense and Aspect
154
3.
Perfective
. 155
3.1.
Forms
156
3.2.
Funetioas
156
4.
Focus Perfective
161
HAUSA
4.1.
Forms
161
4.2.
Functions
161
5.
Negative Perfective
165
5.1.
Forms
165
5.2.
Functions
165
6.
Imperfective
167
6.1.
Forms
168
6.2.
Functions
168
6.2.1.
Verbal predicates
168
6.2.2.
Non-verbal
stative
predicates
172
7.
Focus Imperfective-
1 173
7.1.
Forms
173
7.2.
Functions
173
8.
Focus Imperfective^
175
8.1.
Forms
175
8.2.
Functions
176
9.
Negative Imperfective
(bä...)
and Negative-HAVE
Imperfective
(bâ...)
178
9.1.
Forms of the Negative Imperfective and Negative-HAVE
Imperfective
179
9.2.
Functions of the Negative Imperfective and Negative-HAVE
Imperfective
179
10.
Habitual and Negative Habitual
181
10.1.
Forms
181
10.2.
Functions
182
11.
Subjunctive and Negative Subjunctive
183
11.1.
Forms
184
11.2.
Functions
184
12.
The Neutral 0-TAM Paradigm
191
13.
Future and Negative Future
193
13.1.
Forms
194
13.2.
Functions
194
CONTENTS xi
14. AUative and Negative Allative 197
14.1.
Forms
198
14.2.
Functions
198
15. Potential and Negative Potential 200
15.1.
Forms
200
15.2.
Functions
201
16.
Rhetorical
204
16.1.
Forms
205
16.2.
Functions
205
17.
The (4pl) Impersonal Subject Pronoun
207
7.
Verb Grades
212
1.
Introduction: Verb Grades
212
1.1.
Tones
215
1.2.
Verb-final vowel length
217
2.
Primary Grades (Grades
0-3) 219
2.1.
Grade
0
(basic verbs)
219
2.1.1.
Grade
0
Ci-monoverbs
220
2.1.2.
Grade
0 Cä-monoverbs
and HH
CiCă
verbs
221
2.1.3.
Pseudo-monoverbs (grO*)
222
2.2.
Grade
1
(basic verbs,
applicatives)
224
2.2.1.
Form
224
2.2.2.
Function and meaning
226
2.2.2.1.
Basic verbs
226
2.2.2.2.
Applicative verbs
227
2.2.2.3.
Applicatives
with indirect objects
228
2.2.2.4. Denominal
grade
1
verbs
229
2.3.
Grade
2
(basic transitive verbs, partitives)
230
2.3.1.
Form
230
2.3.2.
Function and meaning
234
2.3.2.1.
Basic verbs
234
2.3.2.2.
Partitives
235
xii
HAUSA
2.4.
Grade
3
(basic intransitive verbs)
236
2.4.1.
Form
236
2.4.1.1.
Grade
3
(LHCL)-a)
236
2.4.1.2.
Grade
За (НН
-a)
238
2.4.1.3.
Grade 3b (HL-i,-u,-a)
238
2.4.2.
Function and meaning
239
3.
Secondary Grades (Grades
4, 5, 6,7) 241
3.1.
Grade
4
(totality-conclusive, separative-deprivative,
unaccusative)
242
3.1.1.
Form
243
3.1.2.
Function and meaning
244
3.1.2.1.
Totality-conclusive
245
ЪА.2.2.
Separative-deprivative
245
3.1.2.3.
Unaccusatives
246
3.1.2.4.
Basic grade
4
verbs
[-
primary grade]
247
3.2.
Grade
5
( efferential
=
action directed out and away)
248
3.2.1.
Form
249
3.2.1.1.
Grade
5
short
f
orms
250
3.2.1.2.
Final -she B-form before direct object pronouns
252
3.2.2.
Function and meaning
252
3.2.2.1.
Intransitive-based gr5s
253
3.2.2.2.
Transitive-based gr5s
254
3.2.2.3.
Grade
5
verbs with indirect object complements
255
3.3.
Grade
6
( ventive-centripetal
=
motion hither )
256
3.3.1.
Form
257
3.3.2.
Function and meaning
258
3.4.
Grade
7
( affected-subject )
260
3.4.1.
Form
261
3.4.2.
Function and meaning
262
3.4.2.1.
Affected-subject
=
semantic patient
262
3.4.2.2.
Affected-subject
«=
(human) actor and/or
265
experiencer
CONTENTS xiii
4.
Grade/Extension Stacking
267
5.
Verbs (Grs
2, 3, 7)
which Switch to an Extension or other Grade
before Indirect Objects
269
5.1.
The pre-indirect object-ar)H D-suffix
270
5.2.
Grade-switching before indirect objects
272
6.
Verbalizing Suffix
-TA
(=
4A)TA or-VNTA)
275
6.1.
-(A)TA
(=
-ta, -ata, -ãta)
276
6.2.
-Vnta
(=
-anta or-unta)
278
7.
Pluractional
Verbs
279
8.
Verbal Nouns,
Deverbal
Nouns and Infinitives
285
1.
Introduction
285
2.
Verbal Nouns
286
3.
Infinitive Phrases
288
4.
Weak vs. Strong Verbal Nouns
289
5.
Regular Weak and Strong Verbal Nouns
292
5.1.
Weak verbal nouns (WVNs) with the suffix
-wã
292
5.2.
Strong verbal nouns (SVNs)
294
5.2.1.
Regular strong verbal nouns
294
5.2.2.
Irregular strong verbal nouns
297
5.2.2.1.
Class
1 =
final
-ã
298
5.2.2.2.
Class
2 =
final
-Ї
300
5.2.2.3.
Class
3 =
final
-ě
300
5.2.2.4.
Class
4 =
final
-õ
300
5.2.2.5.
Class
5 =
final -u
301
5.2.2.6.
Class
6 =
SVNs with feminine suffix
-iyã
or -uwi
301
6.
Verbs with More than one Verbal Noun
301
7.
Déverbal
Nouns (DVNs)
303
7.1.
DVN
=
weak verbal noun with the suffix
-wã
305
7.2.
DVN
=
regular strong verbal noun
306
7.3.
DVN
=
irregular strong vefbal noun
306
xiv
HAUSA
7.4.
DVNs with the
feminine
suffix
-iyä
or
-uwã
309
7.5.
Verbs with more than one DVN
309
9.
Noun Phrase Syntax
310
1.
Introduction
310
2.
Determiners
312
2.1.
Specific indefinite determiner
(ЅШ)
wani/wata/wa(rfan)su
(m./f./pl.)
312
2.1.1.
Specific indefinite determiner
=
pronoun
315
2.2.
The definite determiner (DD) suffix
-
n/- r/- n
(m./f./pl.)
316
2.2.1.
Anaphoric dtn the/that one in focus/question
321
2.3.
Demonstratives
323
2.4.
Independent pronouns as pre-head determiners
330
2.5.
Genitive constructions
332
2.5.1.
Independent free
possessives
т(џ)/Ша)/па(а)
(тЛ
/pl)
332
2.5.2.
Bound genitives
-nAřV-n
(пьД./рі.)
335
2.5.3.
Possessive rfin
340
2.5.3.1.
Following (NP+) numerals
340
2.5.3.2.
Following consonant-final nouns and
unassimilated loanwords
340
2.6.
Generic reference
341
3.
Adjectives
342
3.1.
Attributive adjectives
(pre-
or
postnominal)
343
3.2.
Posthead only attributive adjectives
347
3.3.
Predicate adjectives
348
3.4.
Adjectives as heads of elliptical NPs
348
3.5.
Diminutive prehead modifier
ďa
-η
( son-of
),
etc.
349
3.6.
Adjectival phrases
349
3.7.
Adjectival modifiers formed with connective
mài/màsu
and
maràs/maràsã + NP
350
3.8.
Noun
+
non-specific
kàï*
such-and-such
355
CONTENTS
XV
3.9.
Noun
+
prepositional phrase
356
3.10.
Comparison with attributive
mań
phrases
357
4.
Numerals and other Quantifiers
358
4.1.
Cardinal numbers
358
4.2.
Ordinal numbers
363
4.3.
Fractions
365
4.4.
Dates and clock-times
365
4.5.
Percentages and decimals
366
4.6.
Multai
( many, much ) and paucal ( a few, a little )
quantifier expressions
367
5.
Universal Quantifiers (Determiners and Pronouns)
370
5.1.
Universal-distributive ko-.-.w/i-word determiners ( every,
each X )
370
5.2.
Universal-distributive
ko.-.wA-word
preforms ( everyone,
everything etc.)
371
5.3.
Negation and
kô-wh
expressions ( no one, nothing , not
everyone, not everything )
374
5.4.
Universal-collective quantifier
DUK
( all )
375
5.4.1.
DUK
=
determiner
376
5.4.2.
DUK
=
pronoun
379
5.4.3.
DUK
=
adverb
380
6.
Reflexives and Reciprocals
381
6.1.
Reflexives
381
6.1.1.
Basic reflexives
381
6.1.2.
Emphatic reflexives
385
6.2.
Reciprocals
389
7.
Non-specific Pronouns ( so-and-so )
390
8.
NP Coordination
391
8.1.
Andada
391
8.2.
Or^kõ
394
8.3.
But
=
amma
or
sai dai
395
xvi
HAUSA
9.
Apposition
396
9.1.
Right
dislocation
399
10.
Personal Non-Subject Pronouns
401
1.
Introduction
401
2.
Personal Pronoun Sets
402
2.1.
Independent pronouns
404
2.2.
Object pronouns
406
2.2.1.
Strong (H tone) object pronouns
406
2.2.2.
Weak (L tone) object pronouns
407
2.3.
Indirect object pronouns
409
2.4.
Free possessive pronouns
410
2.5.
Bound genitive pronouns
411
2.6.
Reflexives
413
2.7.
Reciprocals
413
11.
The Syntax of Simplex Clauses
414
1.
Introduction: Simple Sentence Types
414
2.
Simple Declarative Verbal Sentences
414
2.1.
Clause structure elements
415
2.1.1.
Subject
415
2.1.2.
Person-aspect-complex
(PAC)
416
2.1.3.
Verb phrase and major clause types
417
3.
Syntactic Classification of Verbs
420
3.1.
Transitive verbs
420
3.1.1.
Monotransitive
verbs (SVOd)
420
3.1.2.
Ditransitive verbs (SVOiOd)
421
3.1.3.
SVOdComp
423
3.2.
Efferential (grade
5)
verbs
424
3.3.
Intransitive verbs
425
3.3.1.
Subject
=
actor
425
3.3.2.
Subject
=
affected participant
425
CONTENTS xvii
3.3.3. Simple intransitive
verbs (mainly gr3)
426
3.3.4.
Unaccusatives (mainly gr4)
426
3.3.5.
Affected-subject gr7 verbs (including semantic passives)
426
3.4.
Transitive/intransitive verbs
427
3.5.
Copular
verbs
428
3.6.
Dative verbs
429
3.7.
Phrasal verbs (yi do
+
dynamic noun, or yi or ji feel
+
emotion noun)
430
3.8.
Sociative verbs (verb
+
preposition
dà
with )
432
4.
Imperative
435
4.1.
LH tone Imperatives
437
4.1.1.
LH Imperative (zero object) A-form
437
4.1.2.
Imperatives of sociative verbs
(=
LH A-form
+
dà + NP)
440
4.1.3.
LH Imperative B-form (with pronoun direct object)
440
4.1.4.
LH Imperative
С
-form (with noun direct object)
443
4.1.5.
LH Imperative D-form (with indirect object)
444
4.2.
All
L
tone Imperatives (grades
1
and
4
C-forms)
446
4.3.
Imperatives of monosyllabic verbs
446
4.3.1.
A-form (zero object) Imperative
=
H
tone
447
4.3.2.
B-form Imperative
=
LH tone on [verb-pronoun]
448
4.3.3.
С
-form Imperative
=
H
tone
449
4.3.4.
D-form Imperative
=
L
tone (occasionally H)
450
4.4.
Special Imperatives come! and go!
451
5.
Negation of Verbal Clauses
(=
bà(a) VP
ba)
451
5.1.
Position of the second ...ba
452
6.
Non-verbal Clauses
457
6.1.
Non-verbal clauses
[-ТАМ]
457
6.1.1.
Equational (X
=
Y) and identificational
(=
Y) sentences
457
6.1.2.
Identificational and equational sentences with
emphatic ke nan
463
6.1.3.
Existential sentences
464
6.1.4.
Presentational sentences
468
xviii
HAUSA
6.2.
Non-verbal sentences with an Imperfective
ТАМ
469
6.2.1.
Possessive HAVE predicate
470
6.2.2.
Locative adverb predicate
472
6.2.3. Stative
predicate
472
6.2.4.
Equational-like NP predicate
472
7.
Comparison and Equivalence
473
7.1.
Higher degree comparison
474
7.2.
Equivalent degree comparison
477
7.3.
Lesser degree comparison
478
7.4.
Sufficiency ( be enough ) and excess ( be too X )
478
7.5.
So X (that) comparison
479
8.
Indirect Objects
480
8.1.
Postponement of a heavy indirect object NP
485
9.
Exclamations, Interjections, Greetings, etc.
486
9.1.
Exclamations of contempt/dismissiveness (X
+ -ö)H (+
mata))
488
9.2.
Formulae (greetings, responses, etc.)
490
9.3.
Interjections
491
9.4.
Derivative exclamations -i)HL(H)
491
12.
Focus, Questions, Relativization and Topicalization
493
1.
Introduction
493
2.
Focus
493
2.1.
Focus fronting
494
2.2.
In situ focus
496
2.3.
Negation
498
2.4.
Focus-fronting and syntactic function
499
2.5.
Focus in nonverbal equational (and identificational)
constructions
505
2.6.
Pseudo-cleft constructions
507
2.7.
Sentence-level emphasis (with copula
në/në
or
kè
nan)
508
2.8.
Focus
wita
particles ( only , just , even , at least , etc.)
511
3.
Questions and Question-Words
512
CONTENTS xix
3.1. W/z-questions 513
3.1.1.
Who, whom, whose?
=
(m) wà, wànë ne, wayê,
(f)
wacë
её,
(pi) su-wa, su-wanë ne, su-wayê
513
3.1.2.
What?
=
(m) me, mené ne, meyê, (f) mècë ce
515
3.1.3.
Which/what
X(s)?
=
determiner
wànè (m), wàcè (f),
wàrfànnè (pi);
which one(s)? = pronoun
wànnë (m),
wàccë
(f),
wàrfànnë (pi)
516
3.1.4.
Where?
=
ina
517
3.1.5.
When?
=
yàushë
or yàushè
518
3.1.6.
How?
=
yaya
(also RaKä) 519
3.1.7.
How many/much?
=
nawà
519
3.1.8.
Why?
=
don
mè, sabõdà
më,
or
më
ya
sa
520
3.2.
WTz-movement
and syntactic function
520
3.3.
W/ï-elements in situ
522
3.4.
Yes
-по
questions
523
3.5.
Alternative (ko)
X
ko Y questions
526
4.
Relative Clauses
526
4.1.
Restrictive relative clauses
526
4.1.1.
Extracted item: deletion or resumptive pronoun in
the base position?
533
4.2.
Nonrestrictive relative clauses
536
5.
Topicalization
538
13.
Clausal Complements
545
1.
Introduction
545
2.
Implicative Verbs
545
2.1.
Self-inducement aspectual verbs
(=
same-subject, nonfinite
complement)
546
2.1.1.
Aspectual verbs
(+
yîn)
+
dynamic action nouns or
abstract nouns
550
2.2.
Manipulative (different-subject) verbs
552
2.2.1.
Causative constructions
552
XX
HAUSA
2.2.2.
Permissive and prohibitive
constructions
559
3.
Non-Implicative Verbs
561
3.1.
Verbs of emotion, intention, attempt and command
561
3.1.1.
Self-inducive verbs (with nonfinite and/or Subjunctive
ТАМ
complements)
561
3.1.2.
Self-inducive or manipulative verbs (with nonfinite
and/or Subjunctive or Future
ТАМ
complements)
564
3.1.3.
Manipulative COMMAND verbs (Subjunctive
ТАМ
complements only)
566
3.2.
Mental verbs (of cognition and perception)
567
3.3.
Complement-taking verbs with overt complementizers
(dà
and/or
cêwâ)
569
4.
Matrix Phrase
=
(Modal) Complement-Taking Expression
570
4.1.
СТЕ
=
intransitive verb
571
4.2.
СТЕ
=
phrasal verb
(yi/fí
+
qualitative noun)
572
4.3.
СТЕ
=
HAVE ( be with )
+
qualitative noun
573
4.4.
СТЕ
=
transitive verb phrase
573
4.5.
СТЕ
=
identificational
575
4.6.
СТЕ
=
HAPPEN verb
576
4.7.
СТЕ
negation and yes-no questions
576
4.8.
Extraction from within the complement clause
577
4.9.
Extraction from within the matrix clause
579
5.
Extraposition and Tough Movement
580
6.
Direct and Indirect (Reported) Speech
582
6.1.
Indirect statements
583
6.2.
Indirect questions
(kö
+
w/i-question or yes-no question)
584
6.3.
Indirect commands, etc.
587
7.
Cognate Complements (Verb...(De)verbal Noun)
588
7.1.
Cognate complement
=
adverbial
589
7.2.
Cognate complement
=
direct object
590
7.3.
Cognate complement
»
objective (genitive)
trinase
591
CONTENTS
ХХІ
14.
Clausal Coordination and Subordination
592
1.
Introduction
592
2.
Clause Coordination
592
2.1.
And
= 0
or
kuma
592
2.2. Or^kö 598
2.3.
But
=
ànima or sai (dai)
599
2.4.
Ellipsis and substitution within clausal coordination
601
2.5.
The pro-form
hakà so,
thus, this, etc.
603
2.6.
The combination pro-verb yi do
+
hakà so,
thus
(=
do so )
604
3.
Subordinate Adverbial Clauses and Subordinators
604
3.1.
Finite,
nonfínite
and nonverbal subordinate clauses
605
3.2.
Subordinators
606
3.3.
Conditional and concessive conditional clauses
608
3.3.1.
Open conditionals (idan/in if/when )
608
3.3.2.
Counterfactual-hypothetical conditionals
((in)
dá...dä
if.-.then )
, 611
3.3.3.
Concessive conditionals
(kö (dä)
even if)
613
3.3.4.
Generic conditional-concessives
(kõ-wh
word
=
w/i.-ever , etc.)
615
3.3.5.
Concessive clauses
621
3.4.
Temporal clauses ( when , as soon as , while , until ,
after1, before , etc.)
623
3.4.1.
Matrix clause time
=
BEFORE subordinate clause time
( until , before )
623
3.4.1.1.
Until
623
3.4.1.2.
Before
625
3.4.2.
Matrix clause time
=
SIMULTANEOUS with subordinate
clause time ( when , while/as , as long as )
626
3.4.3.
Matrix clause time
=
AFTER subordinate clause time
( after*, when , as soon as , since , (not) until , etc.)
628
3.4.3.1.
When (lit. the time that)
628
3.4.3.2.
(Not) until
630
XXii HAUSA
3.4.3.3.
After
631
3.4.3.4.
Since (temporal)
632
3.4.3.5.
As soon as, once, the moment, etc.
633
3.4.3.5.1.
Clauses introduced by
kõ dà
as soon as
633
3.4.3.5.2.
Clauses with the correlatives
ke nan...
sai no
sooner/just...when
or
kè dà wùya...sai
hardly... when
634
3.4.3.5.3.
Prepositional
nonfinite VP
with
dà
with
or
daga
from ( just as soon as , etc.)
635
3.4.3.5.4.
Clauses introduced by
da (zärar)
as soon as, the moment , etc.
636
3.5.
Reason ( because, since ) and purpose ( in order to ) clauses
636
3.5.1.
Reason ( because, since ) clauses
637
3.5.2.
Purpose ( in order to, so that ) clauses
640
3.6.
Clauses of preference ( rather than ) and comparison
641
( as if, like )
15.
Adverbial Functions: Adverb Phrases, Prepositional Phrases,
Noun Phrases
643
1.
Introduction
643
2.
Adverb Phrases
643
2.1.
Forms and meanings
644
2.1.1.
Simple adverbs
644
2.1.1.1.
Deictic adverbs NAN/CAN (space or time)
645
2.1.2.
Compound adverbs
647
2.1.3.
Prepositional phrases and other phrasal adverbs
647
2.1.4. Denominal
adverbs (space and time)
649
2.1.5.
Déverbal
adverbial statives (-e)^H)
651
2.1.6.
Fully reduplicated adverbs
656
2.1.6.1.
Reduplication
=
intensification
656
CONTENTS
ХХІІІ
2.1.6.2.
Reduplication
= detensification 657
2.1.7.
NPs as adverbs
657
2.1.7.1. Distributives 658
2.2.
Syntactic functions
659
2.2.1.
Locative adverbial phrases
659
2.2.2.
Postmodifying adverbs
660
2.2.3.
Position of adverbs
661
2.2.4.
Adverbial intensifiers
663
2.2.4.1.
Upscalers
663
2.2.4.2.
Downscalers
664
2.2.4.3.
Focus adverbs
665
2.2.5.
Adverbs functioning as NPs
667
3.
Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases (PPs)
667
3.1.
Simple prepositions
668
3.2.
Complex prepositions (formed with comitative/instrumental
dà
with )
673
3.3.
Genitive prepositions
(=
noun or adverb
+
genitive linker)
674
4.
Negation (ba...ba) of Adverbs and Prepositional Phrases
677
5.
Adverbial Conjuncts and
Disjuncte
678
6.
Modal Particles
679
6.1.
Multiple occurrences of modal particles
685
6.2
Position of modal particles
686
7.
Ideophones
689
7.1.
Structure and phonology
689
7.1.1.
Monosyllabic ideophones
690
7.1.2.
Disyllabic ideophones
691
7.1.3.
Trisyllabic ideophones
691
7.1.4.
Fully-reduplicated ideophones
(Χ χ
2) 691
7.2.
Function
692
7.2.1.
Ideophones as adverbs
693
7.2.2.
Ideophones as post-head adjectives
695
7.2.3.
Ideophones as NPs
696
XXIV
HAUSA
7.2.3.1.
Ideophone
=
noun in phrasal verb headed by
yi do
697
16.
Selected Texts
698
1.
Introduction: Writing Systems
698
2.
Texts
704
References
715
Index
740
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Jaggar, Philip J. 1945- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)140498923 |
| author_facet | Jaggar, Philip J. 1945- |
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| dewey-raw | 493/.725 |
| dewey-search | 493/.725 |
| dewey-sort | 3493 3725 |
| dewey-tens | 490 - Other languages |
| discipline | Außereuropäische Sprachen und Literaturen Literaturwissenschaft |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV014117956 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T18:57:58Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 1588110303 9027238073 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009673464 |
| oclc_num | 48263746 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 DE-824 DE-12 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-11 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-824 DE-12 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-11 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | XXXIII, 754 S. Kt. |
| publishDate | 2001 |
| publishDateSearch | 2001 |
| publishDateSort | 2001 |
| publisher | Benjamins |
| record_format | marc |
| series | London Oriental and African language library |
| series2 | London Oriental and African language library |
| spelling | Jaggar, Philip J. 1945- Verfasser (DE-588)140498923 aut Hausa Philip J. Jaggar Amsterdam [u.a.] Benjamins 2001 XXXIII, 754 S. Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier London Oriental and African language library 7 Hausa (taal) gtt Grammatik Hausa language Grammar Hausa-Sprache (DE-588)4120193-0 gnd rswk-swf Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd rswk-swf Hausa-Sprache (DE-588)4120193-0 s Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 s DE-604 London Oriental and African language library 7 (DE-604)BV009996412 7 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009673464&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Jaggar, Philip J. 1945- Hausa London Oriental and African language library Hausa (taal) gtt Grammatik Hausa language Grammar Hausa-Sprache (DE-588)4120193-0 gnd Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4120193-0 (DE-588)4021806-5 |
| title | Hausa |
| title_auth | Hausa |
| title_exact_search | Hausa |
| title_full | Hausa Philip J. Jaggar |
| title_fullStr | Hausa Philip J. Jaggar |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hausa Philip J. Jaggar |
| title_short | Hausa |
| title_sort | hausa |
| topic | Hausa (taal) gtt Grammatik Hausa language Grammar Hausa-Sprache (DE-588)4120193-0 gnd Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Hausa (taal) Grammatik Hausa language Grammar Hausa-Sprache |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009673464&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV009996412 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jaggarphilipj hausa |