Land title in South Africa
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2000
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| 100 | 1 | |a Carey Miller, D. L. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Land title in South Africa |c D. L. Carey Miller with Anne Pope |
| 250 | |a 1. publ. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Cape Town |b Juta |c 2000 | |
| 300 | |a XCIV, 614 S. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 650 | 7 | |a Eigendomsrecht |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Grondbezit |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Recht | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Land reform |x Law and legislation |z South Africa | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Land tenure |x Law and legislation |z South Africa | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Land titles |x Registration and transfer |z South Africa | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Südafrika (Staat) | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pope, Anne |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m SWB Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008983480&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| adam_text | CONTENTS
TABLE OF CASES XXV
TABLE OF STATUTES XXXIII
BIBLIOGRAPHY LXXXVII
PART I BACKGROUND
CHAPTER 1 THE DEVELOPMENT OF DISCRIMINATORY
LANDHOLDING 1
1.1 SCOPE OF ENQUIRY 1
1.2 GENERAL DEVELOPMENT OF LAND TENURE 3
1.2.1 INTRODUCTION 3
1.2.2 THE PRECURSOR PERIOD 3
1.2.2.1 THE COMPANY ERA 3
1.2.2.2 THE BRITISH ADMINISTRATION 6
1.2.3 THE ERA OF WHITE USURPATION 8
1.2.3.1 LANDHOLDING AS THE CORE FACTOR 8
1.2.3.2 DEVELOPMENT OF LANDHOLDING SYSTEM 9
1.2.3.3 RELEVANCE OF NINETEENTH CENTURY CIRCUMSTANCES.. 10
1.2.3.4 CONTROVERSY OVER GREAT TREK FACTOR 13
1.2.3.5 BLACK OPPOSITION TO WHITE USURPATION 14
1.2.3.6 DEVELOPMENT OF SYSTEM OF INDIVIDUAL OWNERSHIP. 15
1.2.4 CONSOLIDATION OF WHITE CONTROL 16
1.2.4.1 CONTRADICTORY WHITE ATTITUDES 16
1.2.4.2 DIFFERING PATTERNS IN PRE-UNION ERA 17
1.2.5 THE BEGINNING OF SEGREGATION POLICY 18
1.2.5.1 BRITISH INITIATION OF SEGREGATION POLICY 18
1.2.5.2 THE NATIVES LAND ACT 27 OF 1913 19
1.2.5.3 DOMINATING CONCERN FOR PROTECTION OF MINORITY
INTERESTS 21
1.2.5.4 ENTRENCHMENT OF SEGREGATION POLICY 23
1.2.5.5 THE NATIVE TRUST AND LAND ACT 25
1.2.5.6 DIRECTION OF LAND USE 27
1.2.6 APARTHEID ERA 29
1.2.6.1 BIRTH OF DOGMA 29
1.2.6.2 APARTHEID AS A MASTER-PLAN 30
IX
CONTENTS
1.2.6.3 ROLE OF INTERNAL POLITICAL FACTORS 31
1.2.6.4 SOCIAL ENGINEERING AT ITS CLIMAX 32
1.2.6.5 EXPOSURE OF SYSTEM 35
1.2.6.6 HOMELANDS CITIZENSHIP 35
1.2.6.7 JOB RESERVATION 36
1.2.6.8 NATIONALIST OBDURACY 36
1.2.6.9 APARTHEID IN RETREAT 38
1.2.6.10 REFORM MODE THE ONLY OPTION 40
PART II CONTEXT
CHAPTER 2 REGISTRATION 45
2.1 PRELIMINARY MATTERS 45
2.1.1 HISTORY OF REGISTRATION 45
2.1.2 CONTINUING SIGNIFICANCE OF REGISTRATION 48
2.1.3 THE CAUSA REQUIREMENT 49
2.1.4 OWNERSHIP PASSES UPON REGISTRATION REGARDLESS OF PAYMENT OR
SECURITY 52
2.1.5 REGISTRATION OF DEEDS OR TITLE? 53
2.1.6 REGISTRATION NOT NECESSARILY CONCLUSIVE 55
2.1.7 THEORY OF IMPLIED WARRANTY OF INDEFEASIBILITY 58
2.1.8 TRUE NATURE OF REGISTRATION 63
2.1.9 COMPENSATION FOR ERROR IN REGISTRATION 65
2.2 ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER 68
2.2.1 PURPOSE OF TREATMENT 68
2.2.2 REGISTRATION OF A NEW DEED 70
2.2.3 THE POWER OF ATTORNEY TO PASS TRANSFER 71
2.2.3.1 TYPES 71
2.2.3.2 REQUIREMENTS OF FORM 72
2.2.3.3 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POWER AND TITLE DEED .... 75
2.2.3.4 DESCRIPTION OF PARTIES 76
2.2.3.5 IDENTIFICATION OF CAUSA 78
2.2.3.6 TERMINATION OF POWER OF ATTORNEY 78
2.2.3.6(A) REVOCATION 79
2.2.3.6(B) DEATH OF THE PRINCIPAL 79
2.2.3.6(C) INSOLVENCY OF THE PRINCIPAL 80
2.2.3.6(D) CHANGE OF STATUS 81
2.2.4 THE DEED OF TRANSFER 82
2.2.4.1 THE MEANS OF EFFECTING DERIVATIVE TRANSFER 82
2.2.4.2 REQUIREMENTS OF FORM 83
2.2.4.3 ELEMENTS OF A DRAFT DEED 84
2.2.4.3(A) THE HEADING 84
CONTENTS XI
2.2.4.3(B) THE PREAMBLE 84
2.2.4.3(C) THE RECITAL 85
2.2.4.3(D) THE VESTING CLAUSE 86
2.2.4.3(E) THE PROPERTY CLAUSE 87
2.2.4.3(F) THE EXTENDING CLAUSE 89
2.2.4.3(G) REFERENCE TO CONDITIONS AND SERVITUDES 90
2.2.4.3(H) THE DIVESTING CLAUSE 90
2.2.4.3(I) THE CONSIDERATION CLAUSE 91
2.2.4.3(J) EXECUTION AND REGISTRATION CLAUSES 92
2.2.5 CONDITIONS AND SERVITUDES 92
2.2.5.1 UNREGISTERED SERVITUDES 94
2.2.5.2 CRITERIA FOR CONDITIONS LIMITING THE RIGHT OF
OWNERSHIP IN LAND 96
2.2.5.3 THE INTENTION TO BIND SUCCESSORS IN TIDE CRITERION. 98
2.2.5.4 REQUIREMENT OF INTENTION 100
2.2.5.5 NO NUMERUS CLAUSUS OF REAL RIGHT OPEN TO
REGISTRATION 102
2.2.5.6 OBLIGATIONS TO PAY 105
2.2.5.7 OPTIONS, PRE-EMPTIVE RIGHTS AND PROHIBITIONS
AGAINST ALIENATION 107
2.2.5.8 EFFECT OF REGISTRATION AS A CONDITION OF TIDE 109
2.2.6 SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS 110
2.2.6.1 THE TITLE DEED ILL
2.2.6.2 FISCAL DOCUMENTS ILL
2.2.6.3 DOCUMENTS OF PROOF 113
2.2.6.4 CONSENTS 117
2.2.6.4(A) DEALING WITH BONDS 117
2.2.6.4(B) TITLE CONDITIONS 118
2.2.6.4(C) COMPLIANCE WITH LEGISLATION 122
2.2.7 SUMMARY OF EXECUTION / REGISTRATION PROCESS 123
2.2.8 SEQUENCE OF TRANSACTIONS 126
2.2.8.1 DEVELOPMENT OF THE RULE 126
2.2.8.2 GENERAL EFFECT OF SECTION 14 128
2.2.8.3 THE COURT S POWER TO AUTHORISE DEPARTURE FROM
SECTION 14 129
2.2.8.4 EXCEPTION TO THE SEQUENCE RULE IN ODLER LAWS . . . 131
2.2.8.4(A) ALIENATION OF LAND ACT 68 OF 1981 131
2.2.8.4(B) REFORM LAND LAWS 132
2.2.8.5 EXCEPTIONS TO THE SEQUENCE RULE SPECIFICALLY PRO-
VIDED FOR 133
2.2.8.5(A) SUCCESSION 133
2.2.8.5(B) REDISTRIBUTION OF ASSETS ON DIVORCE OR DISSOLUTION
OF PARTNERSHIP 135
XII CONTENTS
2.2.8.5(C) EXECUTION 137
2.3 ACQUISITION BY MEANS OTHER THAN ORDINARY TRANSFER 137
2.3.1 PARTITION TRANSFER 137
2.3.1.1 NATURE OF PARTITION TRANSFER 137
2.3.1.2 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS OF PARTITION TRANSFER 139
2.3.1.3 NECESSITY TO DEAL WITH RIGHTS AFFECTED 141
2.3.2 EXPROPRIATION AND VESTING BY STATUTE 142
2.3.2.1 REGISTRATION DOES NOT TRANSFER OWNERSHIP 142
2.3.2.2 REGISTRATION PROCEDURE APPLICABLE TO
EXPROPRIATION 143
2.3.3 ORDER OF COURT 145
2.3.4 SPECIAL FORMS OF TRANSFER 147
2.3.4.1 JOINT ESTATE TRANSFERS 147
2.3.4.2 TRANSFERS TO UNASCERTAINED CHILDREN 148
2.3.4.3 TRANSFERS BY ENDORSEMENT 149
2.3.4.3(A) ACQUISITION BY THE STATE 149
2.3.4.3(B) TRUSTS 150
2.3.4.3(C) SUCCESSION AND MATRIMONIAL PROPERTY 150
2.3.4.3(D) PARTNERSHIP 150
2.3.4.3(E) INSOLVENCY 151
2.3.4.3(F) ORDER OF COURT 151
2.3.4.3(G) LAND REFORM UPGRADING 152
2.3.4.4 REGISTERED TITLE BY SPECIAL PROVISION 152
2.3.4.4(A) THE LAND TITLES ADJUSTMENT ACT 111 OF 1993. . . 152
2.3.4.4(B) THE PROVISION OF LAND AND ASSISTANCE ACT 126 OF
1993 154
2.3.4.4(C) THE CONVERSION OF RIGHTS INTO LEASEHOLD OR
OWNERSHIP ACT 81 OF 1988 155
2.3.4.4(D) OTHER RELEVANT LEGISLATION DEALT WITH ELSEWHERE . 155
CHAPTER 3 PRESCRIPTION 156
3.1 INTRODUCTION 156
3.2 ELEMENTS OF ACQUISITIVE PRESCRIPTION 160
3.2.1 BASIS OF BREAKDOWN 160
3.2.2 POSSESSION 160
3.2.2.1 CONCERNED WITH THE PHYSICAL ELEMENT 160
3.2.2.2 ACTUAL OR MEDIATE OR SHARED PHYSICAL OCCUPATION. 161
3.2.2.3 DEFINITION OF THE UNIT OF PROPERTY 162
3.2.3 OPENLY 163
3.2.4 AS IF HE OR SHE WERE THE OWNER 164
3.2A.I THE CRITICAL REQUIREMENT 164
3.2.4.2 A REQUIREMENT INDEPENDENT OF THE OPENLY
REQUIREMENT 166
CONTENTS XIII
3.2.4.3 THE POSSESSOR MUST BE CAPABLE OF POSSESSION AS
OWNER 166
3.2.4.4 GOOD FAITH IS NOT REQUIRED 167
3.2 A.5 THE REQUIREMENT OF PEACEFUL POSSESSION 167
3.2.4.6 PRECARIOUS POSSESSION 169
3.2.4.7 PROOF OF POSSESSION AS OWNER 171
3.2.4.8 CHANGE OF ANIMUS BY THE POSSESSOR 176
3.2.5 FOR AN UNDISTURBED PERIOD OF 30 YEARS 176
3.2.5.1 ABSOLUTE CONTINUITY NOT REQUIRED 176
3.2.5.2 PERIOD OF PREDECESSORS IN TITLE MAY BE ADDED ... 177
3.2.5.3 WAYS IN WHICH CONTINUITY OF POSSESSION MAY BE
DISTURBED 178
3.2.5.4 INTERRUPTION OF PRESCRIPTION 179
3.2.5.4(A) NATURAL INTERRUPTION 179
3.2.5.4(B) CIVIL INTERRUPTION 182
3.2.5.5 SUSPENSION OR POSTPONEMENT OF PRESCRIPTION. . . . 185
3.2.5.5(A) THE COMMON LAW 185
3.2.5.5 (B) THE PRESCRIPTION ACT 68 OF 1969 186
3.2.6 MAY BECOME OWNER BY PRESCRIPTION 191
3.2.6.1 PRESCRIPTIVE ACQUISITION EXCLUDED IN CERTAIN CASES. 191
3.2.6.2 OWNERSHIP VESTS UPON COMPLETION OF THE 30-YEAR
PERIOD 194
3.3 PROCEDURE TO OBTAIN A TITLE DEED 196
3.3.1 AUTHORITY TO TRANSFER PROPERTY 196
3.3.2 LOCUS STANDI TO OPPOSE 199
3.3.3 OFFICIAL REPORTS 201
3.3.4 CRITERIA FOR CHOICE OF PROCEDURE 201
3.3.5 FUNCTION OF THE CURATOR AD LITEM 202
3.3.6 ONUS 203
3.3.7 REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER 204
3.4 PRESCRIPTION AND THE REFORM AGENDA 206
CHAPTER 4 ALTERNATIVE FORMS OF TITLE 208
4.1 SECTIONAL TITLE 208
4.1.1 INTRODUCTION 208
4.1.2 REQUIREMENTS FOR SECTIONAL TITLE DEVELOPMENTS 210
4.1.3 SUMMARY OF PROCEDURE 212
4.1.4 OPENING A SECTIONAL TIDE REGISTER AND REGISTRATION OF THE
SECTIONAL PLAN 215
4.1.5 TRANSFER OF A UNIT 216
4.1.5.1 GENERAL 216
4.1.5.2 FIRST TRANSFER OF A UNIT IN A SCHEME BY A DEVELOPER 217
4.1.6 THE CONTENT OF SECTIONAL TITLE OWNERSHIP 218
XIV CONTENTS
4.1.6.1 IN RESPECT OF A SECTION 218
4.1.6.2 IN RESPECT OF THE COMMON PROPERTY 219
4.1.7 RULES OF A SECTIONAL TITLE SCHEME 219
4.1.8 MANAGEMENT OF A SECTIONAL TITLE SCHEME 220
4.1.8.1 TRUSTEES 220
4.1.8.2 THE GENERAL MEETING 222
4.1.8.3 POWERS OF THE BODY CORPORATE 222
4.1.9 REPAIRS AND MAINTENANCE 223
4.2 SHARE BLOCK SCHEMES 224
4.2.1 INTRODUCTION 224
4.2.2 SCOPE OF THE ACT 225
4.2.3 THE BASIC ELEMENTS OF A SHARE BLOCK SCHEME 225
4.2.4 NECESSARY LEGAL VEHICLE 226
4.2.4.1 REQUIREMENTS FOR A SHARE BLOCK DEVELOPMENT. . . 226
4.2.4.2 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN A SHARE BLOCK COMPANY AND
AN ORDINARY COMPANY 228
4.2.4.3 MEMORMDUM OF ASSOCIATION 229
4.2.4.4 ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION 230
4.2.4.5 USE AGREEMENT 231
4.2.5 TRANSFER OF A SHARE BLOCK 232
4.2.6 RIGHTS OF A SHARE BLOCK HOLDER 234
4.2.6.1 RIGHT TO OCCUPANCY 234
4.2.6.2 COMPANY S OBLIGATIONS TO MEMBERS 234
4.2.6.3 MEMBER S OBLIGATIONS TO THE COMPANY 235
4.2.6.4 RIGHT TO VOTE 235
4.2.6.5 MISCELLANEOUS 235
4.2.7 MANAGEMENT OF A SHARE BLOCK SCHEME 236
4.2.7.1 MANAGEMENT RULES 236
4.2.7.2 DIRECTORS DUTIES 236
4.2.8 CONVERSION TO A SECTIONAL TITLE SCHEME 237
PART III REFORM DEVELOPMENTS
CHAPTER 5 THE 1991 LAND LAW REFORMS 241
5.1 SALIENT FEATURES OF PRE-REFORM POSITION 241
5.1.1 MAIN EXISTING DISCRIMINATORY LEGISLATION 241
5.1.2 1991 WHITE PAPER SURVEY 242
5.1.3 REFORM THEMES IN LEGAL LITERATURE 244
5.2 REFORM PROPOSALS IN FINAL YEARS OF MINORITY GOVERNMENT 245
5.2.1 1991 WHITE PAPER PROPOSALS 245
5.2.2 CRITICAL COMMENT ON PROPOSALS 246
5.2.3 OUTCOME OF 1991 REFORM PROPOSALS 247
CONTENTS XV
5.3 THE ABOLITION OF RACIALLY BASED LAND MEASURES ACT 249
5.3.1 LEGISLATION REPEALED 249
5.3.2 ESTABLISHMENT OF ADVISORY COMMITTEE 250
5.3.3 ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISSION ON LAND ALLOCATION 250
5.3.4 PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS 251
5.3.5 COMPLETE REMOVAL OF RACIAL RESTRICTIONS TO ACQUISITION OF LAND
RIGHTS 251
5.4 THE UPGRADING OF LAND TENURE RIGHTS ACT 252
5.4.1 SYSTEM OF CONVERSION INTO OWNERSHIP 252
5.4.2 AUTOMATIC CONVERSION 253
5.4.3 CONVERSION BY REGISTRATION 255
5.4.4 CERTAIN CONSEQUENCES OF CONVERSION 257
5.4.4.1 POSITION PENDING CONVERSION 257
5.4.4.2 CONTINUATION OF BURDENS 258
5.4.4.3 CONSEQUENCES OF CONVERSION 258
5.4.4.4 PROVISION FOR CANCELLATION OF SERVITUDES AND
RESTRICTIVE CONDITIONS 259
5.4.4.5 OPENING OF TOWNSHIP REGISTER 260
5.4.5 FORMALISING OF TOWNSHIPS 262
5.4.6 RURAL SETTLEMENTS 263
5.4.7 TRIBAL LAND 263
5.4.8 GENERAL PROVISIONS TO SUPPORT IMPLEMENTATION OF UPGRADING 264
5.5 LESS FORMAL TOWNSHIP ESTABLISHMENT ACT 266
5.5.1 NEED FOR INCREASED TOWNSHIP PROVISION 266
5.5.2 GENERAL AIM OF LESS FORMAL TOWNSHIP ESTABLISHMENT ACT . 267
5.5.3 SHORTENED PROCEDURES FOR LESS FORMAL SETTLEMENT 267
5.5.3.1 PROVISION OF LAND FOR DEVELOPMENT 267
5.5.3.2 LAWS EXCLUDED 269
5.5.3.3 PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT 269
5.5.3.4 CRITICISM OF APPROACH 270
5.5.3.5 OPENING OF TOWNSHIP REGISTER 270
5.5.3.6 COMPENSATION 271
5.5.3.7 ALLOCATION OF ERVEN 271
5.5.3.8 TRANSFER OF OWNERSHIP 272
5.5.4 SHORTENED PROCEDURES FOR LESS FORMAL TOWNSHIP ESTABLISHMENT 273
5.5.4.1 DEVOLUTION OF CONTROL 273
5.5.4.2 CONSEQUENCES OF NOTICE BY PREMIER 274
5.5.4.3 OPENING OF TOWNSHIP REGISTER 275
5.5.4.4 SPECIAL POWERS OF PREMIER 276
5.5.5 SETTLEMENT BY INDIGENOUS TRIBES 278
5.5.5.1 SPECIAL PROVISION FOR EXCLUSIVE TRIBAL GROUP
TOWNSHIP 278
5.5.5.2 PROCEDURE 278
X
VI CONTENTS
5.5.5.3 ACQUISITION OF OWNERSHIP BY INDIVIDUAL MEMBER. 279
5.5.5.4 FIT WITH COMMUNAL PROPERTY ASSOCIATIONS ACT 28
OF 1996 280
5.5.5.5 GENERAL PROVISIONS TO SUPPORT LESS FORMAL
TOWNSHIP ESTABLISHMENT 281
CHAPTER 6 THE CONSTITUTIONAL BASIS OF THE
REFORM AGENDA 282
6.1 BACKGROUND 282
6.2 CONSTIMTIONAL PROTECTION OF PROPERTY 284
6.3 THE PROPERTY CLAUSE IN THE INTERIM CONSTITUTION 285
6.3.1 SECTION 28 285
6.3.2 DEPRIVATION AND EXPROPRIATION 287
6.3.3 CONTINUED RELEVANCE OF SECTION 28 287
6.4 THE PROPERTY CLAUSE IN THE CONSTITUTION 289
6.4.1 SECTION 25 289
6.4.2 THE SCOPE OF SECTION 25 290
6.4.3 MEANING OF PROPERTY 294
6.4.4 PROTECTION OF PROPERTY 298
6.4.4.1 DEPRIVATION 301
6.4.4.2 EXPROPRIATION 301
6.4.4.3 COMPENSATION 302
6.4.5 LAND REFORM MEASURES 303
6.4.5.1 RESTITUTION 305
6.4.5.2 REDISTRIBUTION 307
6.4.5.3 TENURE REFORM 308
6.5 RETROACTIVE LEGISLATION 309
6.6 CONCLUSION 312
CHAPTER 7 RESTITUTION 313
7.1 THE IMPERATIVE OF RESTITUTION 313
7.2 BASIS OF 1913 CUT-OFF 315
7.3 DEFINITION OF ELIGIBILITY 317
7.4 NECESSITY OF BALANCING FUNDAMENTAL PRIORITIES 318
7.5 PRE-1913 AND OTHER CLAIMS OUTWITH THE ACT 319
7.6 SCOPE OF RESTITUTION 320
7.6.1 DEFINITION 320
7.6.2 CONSTITUTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS 320
7.6.3 RIGHT IN LAND IN REAL / PERSONAL RIGHT CONTEXT 323
7.7 PREREQUISITES FOR ENTITLEMENT TO RESTITUTION 326
7.7.1 CONSTUTIONAL AND LEGISLATIVE DEVELOPMENT 326
7.7.2 SUMMARY OF ENTITLEMENT CRITERIA 326
CONTENTS XVII
7.7.3 ENTRY QUALIFICATION OF DISPOSSESSION 327
7.7 4 RIGHT IN LAND 330
7.7.5 DISCRIMINATORY LAW OR PRACTICE 331
7.7.6 DEADLINE 332
7.7.7 COMPENSATION OR OTHER CONSIDERATION BARRING ENTITLEMENT . 333
7.8 CLAIMS AGAINST NOMINEES 333
7.9 THE COMMISSION ON RESTITUTION OF LAND RIGHTS 334
7.9.1 PERSONNEL 334
7.9.2 GENERAL FUNCTIONS OF COMMISSION 335
7.9.3 DELEGATION BY THE COMMISSION 338
7.9.4 ADMINISTRATIVE WORK OF THE COMMISSION 339
7.9.5 APPOINTMENTS TO PROVIDE AD HOC ASSISTANCE TO THE COMMISSION 339
7.10 PROCEDURE GOVERNING CLAIMS 340
7.10.1 LODGEMENT OF CLAIMS 340
7.10.2 PROCEDURE AFTER LODGEMENT OF CLAIM: ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA. . . 341
7.10.2.1 SUBSTANTIVE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA 342
7.10.2.2 FORMAL ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA 347
7.10.2.3 PROCEDURE FOLLOWING DECISION AS TO ADMISSION . . . 348
7.10.3 WITHDRAWAL OR AMENDMENT OF NOTICE OF CLAIM 349
7.10.4 SYSTEM OF ADMINISTRATION OF CLAIMS 350
7.11 DEALING WITH CLAIMS 351
7.11.1 INVESTIGATORY POWERS 351
7.11.2 INVESTIGATION PROVIDED FOR BY COMMISSION RULES 352
7.11.3 POWERS UNDER COMMISSION RULES 354
7.11.4 MEDIATION 354
7.11.4.1 AT THE INSTANCE OF THE CHIEF LAND CLAIMS
COMMISSIONER 354
7.11.4.2 AT THE INSTANCE OF THE LAND CLAIMS COURT 355
7.11.5 REFERRAL OF CLAIMS TO COURT 356
7.11.6 FEASIBILITY 359
7.11.7 REPORT TO THE CHIEF LAND CLAIMS COMMISSIONER 361
7.12 COMMISSION MEETINGS 362
7.13 ANCILLARY MATTERS RELATING TO THE FUNCTIONS OF THE COMMISSION. .
363
7.14 GENERAL FEATURES OF THE LAND CLAIMS COURT 364
7.14.1 ESTABLISHMENT, MAKE-UP AND JURISDICTION OF LAND CLAIMS
COURT 364
7.14.1.1 INTERDICT RELIEF 366
7.14.2 FUNCTION IN RESPECT OF OTHER LEGISLATION 367
7.15 OPERATION OF THE LAND CLAIMS COURT 367
7.15.1 THE GENERAL NATURE OF THE COURT S ROLE 367
7.15.2 CONSTITUTIONAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE COURT S ROLE 368
7.15.3 THE PARTICULAR POWERS OF THE COURT 368
7.15.4 FACTORS TO BE TAKEN ACCOUNT OF BY THE COURT 373
XVIII CONTENTS
7.15.5 THE COURT S BARRING ROLE 375
7.15.6 POWER OF REVIEW 377
7.15.7 SEAT AND HEARINGS OF THE COURT 378
7.15.8 INVOLVEMENT OF ASSESSORS 379
7.15.9 INVOLVEMENT OF REFEREES 381
7.16 PROCEDURE OF LAND CLAIMS COURT 382
7.16.1 RULES GOVEMMG PROCEDURE 382
7.16.2 ADMISSIBILITY OF EVIDENCE 383
7.16.3 PRE-TRIAL CONFERENCES 384
7.16.4 WITNESSES AND PRODUCTIONS 385
7.16.5 EXAMINATION BY INTERROGATORIES 385
7.16.6 INTERVENTION IN PROCEEDINGS 385
7.16.7 DEFAULT JUDGMENT 386
7.17 APPEALS 386
7.17.1 POWERS ON HEARING APPEALS 386
7.17.2 APPEALS FROM THE COURT 387
7.18 DIRECT ACCESS TO COURT 388
7.19 GENERAL MATTERS 391
7.19.1 REGISTER OF PUBLIC LAND 391
7.19.2 LAND ADMINISTRATION 392
7.19.3 ACQUISITION OF TITLE TO LAND BY CLAIMANT 393
7.19.4 EXCLUSION OF INCOMPATIBLE LEGISLATION 393
7.19.5 FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE IN FACILITATION OF GENERAL AIMS 394
7.19.6 RESOLUTION BY AGREEMENT; POWERS OF MINISTER 395
CHAPTER 8 REDISTRIBUTION 398
8.1 THE CONCEPT AND POLICY OF REDISTRIBUTION 398
8.1.1 A GENERAL VIEW OF WHAT REDISTRIBUTION INVOLVES 398
8.1.2 THE RELEVANCE OF REDISTRIBUTION TO THE PRESENT WORK 399
8.1.3 THE POLICY OF REDISTRIBUTION 399
8.1.4 POLICY RECOGNITION OF ECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS 402
8.1.5 POLICY RECOGNITION OF RURAL TENURE FACTOR 403
8.2 LOGISTIC CONSIDERATIONS 404
8.2.1 PROBLEM OF APPLICATION OF RELEVANT LAW TO FORMER HOMELANDS 404
8.2.2 LEGAL ACCESS TO STATE OR PROVINCIAL LAND FOR REDISTRIBUTION
PURPOSES 404
8.3 REDISTRIBUTION LEGISLATION 404
8.4 PROVISION OF LAND AND ASSISTANCE ACT 405
8.4.1 ESSENTIAL AIMS AND AMBIT OF ACT 405
8.4.2 KEY ROLE OF MINISTER 406
8.4.3 DEVELOPMENT AND SUBDIVISION OF DESIGNATED LAND 406
8.4.4 REGISTRATION OF OWNERSHIP 408
CONTENTS XIX
8.4.5 FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR ACQUISITION, DEVELOPMENT AND
IMPROVEMENT OF LAND OR TO SECURE TENURE RIGHTS 408
8.4.6 MINISTER S POWER TO DEAL WITH LAND 410
8.4.7 PROVISIONS RELATING TO EXPROPRIATION 410
8.4.8 REGULATIONS 411
8.4.9 DELEGATION 411
8.5 DEVELOPMENT FACILITATION ACT 411
8.5.1 INTRODUCTION 411
8.5.2 LAND DEVELOPMENT CODIFICATION CHARACTER 412
8.5.3 PARTICULAR FUNCTIONS OF ACT 415
8.5.4 LAND DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES 416
8.5.5 DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING COMMISSION 419
8.5.6 DEVELOPMENT TRIBUNALS 421
8.5.7 LAND DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES 422
8.5.8 RESPECTIVE ROLES OF CHAPTERS V AND VI 424
8.5.9 UNIFORM ASPECTS OF CHAPTERS V AND VI 424
8.5.10 POSSIBLE CONDITIONS IN RESPECT OF CHAPTER V 427
8.5.11 POSSIBLE CONDITIONS IN RESPECT OF CHAPTER VI 428
8.5.12 BENEFICIAL OCCUPATION 430
8.5.13 SERVITUDES AND RESTRICTIVE CONDITIONS UNDER CHAPTER V. ... 431
8.5.14 RESTRICTION ON CONTRACTS RELATING TO LAND DEVELOPMENT AREAS 432
8.5.15 REGISTRATION OF OWNERSHIP 433
8.5.16 INITIAL OWNERSHIP UNDER THE DEVELOPMENT FACILITATION ACT . 434
8.5.16.1 THE CONCEPT OF INITIAL OWNERSHIP IN THE ACT.... 434
8.5.16.2 THE COMING INTO BEING OF INITIAL OWNERSHIP .... 435
8.5.16.3 THE SECTION 61 REQUIREMENTS 437
8.5.16.4 THE GUARANTEE REQUIREMENT 439
8.5.16.5 TRANSFER AND NATURE OF INITIAL OWNERSHIP 440
8.5.17 SPECIAL DEEDS OF TRANSFER 443
8.5.18 NON-STATUTORY LAND DEVELOPMENT UNDER CHAPTERS V AND VI 445
8.5.19 CONVERSION OF INFORMAL TENURE 447
8.5.20 CONVEYANCING IMPLICATIONS 448
8.6 TRANSFORMATION OF CERTAIN RURAL AREAS ACT 449
8.6.1 INTRODUCTION 449
8.6.2 AREAS COVERED 449
8.6.3 CONCERNED WITH TRUST LAND 450
8.6.4 TRANSFER OF TRUST LAND IN A TOWNSHIP 450
8.6.5 TRANSFER OF LAND IN THE REMAINDER 451
8.6.5.1 CONTROLLING PROVISIONS 451
8.6.5.2 PROCEDURE 452
8.6.6 PRINCIPLES APPLYING TO LAND TRANSFERRED TO A MUNICIPALITY . . 453
8.6.7 REMOVAL OF RESTRICTIONS 454
8.6.8 MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS 455
XX CONTENTS
CHAPTER 9 TENURE REFORM 456
9.1 THE CONCEPT OF TENURE REFORM 456
9.1.1 NATURE 456
9.1.2 MOTIVATION 458
9.1.3 PRINCIPLES 459
9.1.4 SCOPE 459
9.1.5 FORMS 461
9.2 INTERIM PROTECTION OF INFORMAL LAND RIGHTS ACT 461
9.2.1 INTRODUCTORY COMMENTS 461
9.2.2 INTERESTS PROTECTED BY ACT 462
9.2.3 LOGIC BEHIND AMBIT OF PROTECTION 463
9.2.4 LIMITATIONS UPON PROTECTION 465
9.2.5 PROTECTION OF INFORMAL RIGHTS AGAINST DISPOSITION 466
9.2.6 APPLICATION AND DURATION OF PROTECTION 466
9.3 COMMUNAL PROPERTY ASSOCIATIONS ACT 467
9.3.1 INTRODUCTION 467
9.3.1.1 PURPOSE OF THE ACT 467
9.3.1.2 COMMUNITIES WHICH QUALIFY 468
9.3.1.3 EXEMPTION FOR SIMILAR ENTITY 469
9.3.2 ESTABLISHING A COMMUNAL PROPERTY ASSOCIATION 469
9.3.2.1 A TWO PHASE PROCESS 469
9.3.2.2 PROVISIONAL COMMUNAL PROPERTY ASSOCIATIONS.... 470
9.3.2.3 REGISTRATION OF A PROVISIONAL COMMUNAL PROPERTY
ASSOCIATION 472
9.3.3 TOWARDS REGISTRATION AS A COMMUNAL PROPERTY ASSOCIATION . 473
9.3.3.1 DRAWING UP A CONSTITUTION 473
9.3.3.1 (A) FAIR AND INCLUSIVE DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES . . . 473
9.3.3.1 (B) EQUALITY OF MEMBERSHIP 474
9.3.3. L(C) DEMOCRATIC PROCESSES 475
9.3.3. L(D) FAIR ACCESS TO THE PROPERTY OF THE ASSOCIATION . . . 475
9.3.3.1 (E) ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY 476
9.3.3.2 PRESCRIBED INFORMATION REQUIRED 477
9.3.3.3 ADOPTING A CONSTITUTION 479
9.3.3.4 REGISTRATION OF THE ASSOCIATION 481
9.3.3.4(A) REGISTER OF COMMUNAL PROPERTY ASSOCIATIONS. . . . 482
9.3.3.4(B) CONSEQUENCE OF REGISTRATION 483
9.3.3.4(C) EXEMPTION OF LAND FROM LAWS 484
9.3.4 ASSISTANCE FOR COMMUNITIES 485
9.3.5 MONITORING 487
9.3.6 ADMINISTRATION AND LIQUIDATION ORDERS 488
9.3.7 DEREGISTRATION OF AN ASSOCIATION OR PROVISIONAL ASSOCIATION . 488
9.3.8 OFFENCES AND PENALTIES 489
9.3.9 TERMINATION OF MEMBERSHIP 489
CONTENTS XXI
9.3.10 INDEMNITY AND DELEGATION OF POWERS 490
9.3.11 APPLICATION OF COMMUNAL PROPERTY ASSOCIATIONS 491
9.4 EXTENSION OF SECURITY OF TENURE 492
9.4.1 INTRODUCTION 492
9.4.2 SCOPE OF PROTECTION OF OCCUPIERS UNDER THE ACT 493
9.4.3 IDENTIFICATION OF CORRELATIVE PARTY 495
9.4.4 CORRELATIVE RIGHT STRUCMRE 495
9.4.5 IMPLEMENTATION OF RIGHTS UNDER ACT 497
9.4.6 PROTECTION BASED ON CONSENT FACTOR 498
9.4.7 TERMINATION OF RIGHT OF RESIDENCE AND EVICTION 499
9.4.7.1 REGULATION OF TERMINATION 499
9.4.7.2 FACTORS CONTROLLING TERMINATION 501
9.4.7.3 LIMITATION ON EVICTION 502
9.4.7.4 CONTROL OF EVICTION OF OCCUPIER AS AT 4 FEBRUARY
1997 503
9.4.7.5 CONTROL OF EVICTION OF OCCUPIER AFTER 4 FEBRUARY
1997 504
9.4.7.6 GENERAL PROVISIONS RELARING TO EVICTION ORDERS. . . 505
9.4.7.7 PROTECTION ANCILLARY TO EVICTION 507
9.4.7.8 REMEDIES APPLICABLE TO EVICTION CONTRARY TO ACT. 508
9.4.8 SCOPE AND STANDING OF OCCUPIER S RIGHTS 510
9.4.9 MATTERS CONCERNING PROCEEDINGS AND COURTS 511
9.4.10 PROVISION OF LONG-TERM SECURITY 514
9.4.11 REGULATIONS AND GUIDELINES 516
9.5 PREVENTION OF ILLEGAL EVICTION AND UNLAWFUL OCCUPATION 516
9.5.1 INTRODUCTION 516
9.5.2 PROHIBITION AGAINST DEALING IN UNLAWFUL OCCUPATION OF LAND. 518
9.5.3 EVICTION OF UNLAWFUL OCCUPIERS 519
9.5.3.1 DEFINITION OF UNLAWFUL OCCUPIER 519
9.5.3.2 PRESCRIBED PROCEDURE FOR EVICTION OF UNLAWFUL
OCCUPIERS 519
9.5.3.3 CRITERIA APPLICABLE IN PROCEEDINGS AGAINST AN
UNLAWFUL OCCUPIER 520
9.5.3.4 URGENT PROCEEDINGS FOR EVICTION 522
9.5.3.5 EVICTION AT INSTANCE OF ORGAN OF STATE 522
9.5.3.6 MEDIATION 523
9.5.3.7 OFFENCES AND PRIVATE PROSECUTIONS 524
9.5.3.8 JURISDICTION OF MAGISTRATES COURT 524
9.5.3.9 ANCILLARY MATTERS 524
9.6 LABOUR TENANTS 525
9.6.1 INTRODUCTORY MATTERS 525
9.6.2 THE NEED FOR REFORM 526
9.6.3 SCOPE OF PROTECTION 527
XXII CONTENTS
9.6.3.1 DUAL FUNCTION OF ACT 527
9.6.3.2 EXTENT OF RIGHT 528
9.6.3.3 CONFLICTING INTERPRETATIONS OF LABOUR TENANT . . . 529
9.6.3.4 SECURITY OF RIGHT TO OCCUPATION AND USE 532
9.6.3.5 EVICTION 533
9.6.4 RIGHT TO ACQUIRE LAND 537
9.6.4.1 NATURE AND SCOPE OF RIGHT 537
9.6.4.2 PROCEDURE TO INITIATE AWARD 538
9.6.4.3 RESOLUTION BY AGREEMENT BASED ON ADMISSION. . . 540
9.6.4.4 ARBITRATION PROCEEDINGS 541
9.6.4.5 PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE COURT 543
9.6.4.6 POWERS OF ARBITRATOR AND COURT 543
9.6.5 IMPLICATIONS OF OWNER S RIGHT TO COMPENSATION 544
9.6.5.1 LABOUR TENANCY RIGHT SUBJECT TO COMPENSATION
OBLIGATION 544
9.6.5.2 STATE FINANCIAL FACILITATION 545
9.6.5.3 PRIOR RIGHTS OVER AFFECTED LAND 546
9.6.6 VESTING OF REAL RIGHTS PURSUANT TO ACT 546
9.6.7 POSITION AND ROLE OF COURT AND ARBITRATORS 547
9.6.7.1 RELATIONSHIP WITH RESTITUTION 547
9.6.7.2 ADDITIONAL POWERS OF AN ARBITRATOR AND THE COURT 548
9.6.8 DEEDS REGISTRATION 549
9.6.9 MEDIATION 550
9.6.10 INVULNERABILITY OF LABOUR TENANT S CLAIM-RIGHT . . . 550
9.6.11 MINISTER S POWERS 551
PART IV GENERAL OVERVIEW
CHAPTER 10 ANALYSIS OF REFORM IN CONTEXT 555
10.1 INTRODUCTION 555
10.2 RELEVANT PRIORITIES OF PRE-REFORM LAW 556
10.3 MAIN FEATURES OF THE NEW LAND LAW 559
10.3.1 CONSTITUTIONAL ENTRENCHMENT OF REFORM PRIORITIES 559
10.3.2 ACCESS TO LEGAL RIGHTS AS A PRIMARY BASIS OF REFORM 564
10.3.3 THE CONTINUING BUT EVOLVING ROLE OF REGISTRATION 566
10.3.4 RESTITUTION 567
10.3.4.1 JUSTIFICATION FOR PROCESS 567
10.3.4.2 ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF RESTITUTION 568
10.3.4.3 RANGE OF POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS AVAILABLE TO MEET
CLAIM 572
10.3.4.4 CONSTITUTIONAL EMPOWERMENT OF THE STATE 573
CONTENTS XXIII
10.3.4.5 DEVELOPMENT-DIRECTED GROUP RESOLUTION CHARACTER
OF RESTITUTION 574
10.3.4.6 ASSESSMENT OF SUCCESS 574
10.3.5 REDISTRIBUTION 575
10.3.6 TENURE REFORM 577
10.3.7 TENURE REFORM LEGISLATION : SIGNIFICANT ASPECTS 579
10.3.7.1 UPGRADING 579
10.3.7.2 COMMUNAL PROPERTY ASSOCIATIONS ACT 580
10.3.7.3 INITIAL OWNERSHIP 580
10.3.7.4 BENEFICIAL OCCUPATION 582
10.3.7.5 EXTENSION OF SECURITY OF TENURE 584
10.3.7.6 LABOUR TENANTS 585
10.3.7.7 PREVENTION OF ILLEGAL EVICTION AND UNLAWFUL
OCCUPATION 587
10.4 LAST WORD 588
INDEX 591
|
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| indexdate | 2024-12-23T15:22:57Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0702151203 |
| language | German |
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| spellingShingle | Carey Miller, D. L. Pope, Anne Land title in South Africa Eigendomsrecht gtt Grondbezit gtt Recht Land reform Law and legislation South Africa Land tenure Law and legislation South Africa Land titles Registration and transfer South Africa |
| title | Land title in South Africa |
| title_auth | Land title in South Africa |
| title_exact_search | Land title in South Africa |
| title_full | Land title in South Africa D. L. Carey Miller with Anne Pope |
| title_fullStr | Land title in South Africa D. L. Carey Miller with Anne Pope |
| title_full_unstemmed | Land title in South Africa D. L. Carey Miller with Anne Pope |
| title_short | Land title in South Africa |
| title_sort | land title in south africa |
| topic | Eigendomsrecht gtt Grondbezit gtt Recht Land reform Law and legislation South Africa Land tenure Law and legislation South Africa Land titles Registration and transfer South Africa |
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