Non-hydrocarbon methods of geophysical formation evaluation
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| Sprache: | English |
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Lewis Publ.
1998
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819728269376749568 |
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| adam_text | NON-HYDROCARBON METHODS OF GEOPHYSICAL FORMATION EVALUATION JAMES K.
HALLENBURG M LEWIS PUBLISHERS BOCA RATON BOSTON NEW YORK WASHINGTON
LONDON CONTENTS PREFACE III INTRODUCTION TO NON-HYDROCARBON GEOPHYSICAL
METHODS IX 1. RESISTIVITY METHODS 1 1.1 DISCUSSION ABOUT RESISTIITY IN
FORMATION EVALUATION 1 1.1.1 TERMINOLOGY 3 1.1.2 TEMPERATURE EFFECTS 3
1.1.3 RESISTIVITY CHARACTER OF ROCKS AND FLUIDS 4 1.1.3.1 SALINITY
EFFECTS 8 1.1.4 CHECKS 9 1.2 FORMATION RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENTS FROM A
CASED HOLE 10 1.3 FORMATION MICROSCANNER TOOL (FMT) 11 1.3.1 USES 13 1.4
THE FULLBORE FORMATION MICROIMAGER (FMI) 13 1.5 THE ARRAY INDUCTION TOOL
(AIT) 14 1.6 LABORATORY METHODS 16 1.6.1 SAMPLES 17 1.6.2 POROSITY 17
1.6.2.1 INTERCONNECTING POROSITY 18 1.6.2.2 ISOLATED POROSITY 19 1.6.3
SHALE DETERMINATIONS 20 1.7 - OCEANOGRAPHIC USES 20 1.7.1 WATER BODY 20
1.7.2 FLUID TESTERS 21 1.7.3 LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS 22 2. PHOTON AND
PARTICLE METHODS 23 2.1 INTRODUCTION 23 2.2 REQUIREMENTS OF GAMMA RAY
SYSTEMS 24 2.2.1 ACCURACY 25 2.2.2 SENSITIVITY 26 2.2.3 RESOLUTION...,.
27 2.3 NATURAL GAMMA RADIATION 28 2.3.1 LABORATORY METHODS 28 2.3.1.1
CORE GAMMA 28 2.3.1.2 BETA GAMMA METHOD 29 2.3.1.3 CLOSED CAN ANALYSIS
30 2.3.2 ESTIMATION OF URANIUM AMOUNT 30 2.3.3 SMALL, PORTABLE RADIATION
DETECTION UNITS 33 2.3.4 DETECTOR TYPES 35 2.3.4.1 GEIGER-MULLER
DETECTORS 35 2.3.4.2 PROPORTIONAL DETECTORS 36 2.3.4.3 SCINTILLATION
DETECTORS 36 2.4 X-RAY METHODS 37 2.4.1 BOREHOLE LOGGING SYSTEMS 38
2.4.2 X-RAY DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS 38 2.4.3 X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC
ANALYSIS 38 2.5 RADON SURVEYS 39 2.5.1 ALPHA CUPS 42 2.6 OPTICAL SYSTEMS
43 2.6.1 UV METHODS 43 2.6.2 VISUAL IMAGES 45 2.6.2.1 VIDEO LOGGING 45
2.6.2.2 REMOTE SENSING 47 3. NUCLEAR METHODS 49 3.1 INTRODUCTION , 49
3.2 RADON SURVEYS 53 3.2.1 ALPHA CUPS 56 4. MAGNETIC AND ELECTROMAGNETIC
METHODS 59 4.1 INTRODUCTION 59 4.2 MAGNETIC RELATIONSHIPS 59 4.3 SURFACE
MEASUREMENTS 61 4.3.1 GEOPHYSICAL MEASUREMENTS 62 4.3.2 APPLICATION 63
4.4 ELECTROMAGNETIC SYSTEMS (EM) 64 4.4.1 VARIABLE FREQUENCY SYSTEMS 64
4.4.2 PULSED SYSTEMS 64 4.4.2.1 PRINCIPLE 64 4.4.2.2 ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES OF THE PULSED EM TECHNIQUES 66 4.4.3 ELECTROMAGNETIC
PROPAGATION 66 4.5 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC METHODS 68 4.6 MAGNETIC
SUSCEPTIBILITY LOGGING 68 4.6.1 MAGNETIC MATERIALS 71 4.6.2 MAGNETIC
SUSCEPTIBILITY OF GEOLOGIC MATERIALS 72 4.6.3 FIELD TESTS 73 4.6.4
LABORATORY METHODS 78 4.7 RADAR 80 5. MECHANICAL WAVE, ACOUSTIC METHODS
83 5.1 INTRODUCTION 83 5.2 BOREHOLE SEISMIC METHODS 83 5.2.1 VERTICAL
SEISMIC PROFILING (VSP) 84 5.2.1.1 WELL SEISMIC TOOL (WST) 86 5.2.1.2
SEISMIC AQUISITION TOOL (SAT) 86 5.2.1.3 DOWNHOLE SEISMIC ARRAY TOOL
(DSA) 86 5.2.1.4 SOURCES 86 5.2.1.5 TECHNIQUE 86 5.2.1.6 CHECK SHOTS 87
5.3 BOREHOLE TELEVIEWER 87 5.4 ARRAY SONIC SYSTEMS (AIT) 90 5.5
LONG-SPACING ACOUSTIC SYSTEMS (LSS) 92 6. THERMAL METHODS 97 6.1
INTRODUCTION 97 6.2 PRINCIPLES 98 6.3 BOREHOLE TEMPERATURE : 99 6.3.1
NORMAL USES 100 6.3.2 INSTRUMENTS 102 6.3.3 TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
CONSIDERATIONS 103 6.3.4 DIFFERENTIAL TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS 105 6.4
USES OF TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS * CORRECTION OF SOLUTION RESISTIVITIES
107 6.5 THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY 108 6.6 DETERMINATION OF THE FORMATION
TEMPERATURE 109 6.7 INJECTION OF FLUIDS INTO THE FORMATION 113 6.8 FLUID
MOVING INTO AND OUT OF IHE BOREHOLE 115 6.9 FLUID LOSS AND COMMUNICATION
119 7. BOREHOLE CALIPERS 12 3 7.1 SINGLE-ARM DEVICES 123 7.2 TWO-ARM
CALIPERS 125 7.3 THREE-ARM CALIPERS 125 7.4 FOUR- AND SIX-ARM CALIPERS
127 7.5 MULTI-ARM CALIPERS 128 7.6 NONMECHANICAL METHODS 128 7.7 USES OF
BOREHOLE CALIPERS 131 8. SURFACE/LABORATORY METHODS 137 8.1 INTRODUCTION
137 8.2 SAMPLES 138 8.2.1 POROSITY 138 8.2.1.1 INTERCONNECTING POROSITY
139 8.2.1.2 ISOLATED POROSITY 139 8.3 SHALE DETERMINATIONS 140 8.4
DENSITY 140 8.5 SPECTROSCOPY 141 8.5.1 EMISSION AND ABSORPTION SPECTRAL
ANALYSIS 142 8.5.2 MASS SPECTROGRAPH 142 8.5.3 SPECTRAL RADIATION
ANALYSIS 145 8.5.4 LABORATORY ACTIVATION ANALYSIS 146 8.6 CORES 146
8.6.1 LABORATORY RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENTS 147 8.6.2 LABORATORY ACOUSTIC
MEASUREMENTS 148 8.6.3 LABORATORY DENSITY MEASUREMENTS 149 8.7 COAL
PARAMETERS 149 9. USES AND ANALYSIS OF GEOPHYSICAL METHODS 151 9.1
SINGLE MEASUREMENTS 151 9.2 DEVELOPEMENT OF MULTIPLE CURVE MEASRURMENTS
153 9.3 CHECKS 155 9.3.1 WATER EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION 158 9.3.2
SAND/SHALE SEQUENCES 161 9.3.3 SATURATION 161 9.4 SALINITY EFFECTS 162
9.5 OCEANOGRAPHIC USES 165 9.5.1 WATER BODY 165 9.5.2 LABORATORY
MEASUREMENTS 166 9.5.3 FLUID TESTERS 167 9.6 DETECTION OF MASSIVE
DISCONTINUITIES 168 9.6.1 ACOUSTIC AND SEISMIC METHODS 168 9.6.2
TOMOGRAPHY 169 9.7 MISE-A-LA-MASSE 171 9.7.1 REDUCTION-OXIDATION METHOD
173 9.7.2 GRAVITY 175 9.7.3 MAGNETICS 175 9.7.4 GAMMA RADIATION 176
9.7.5 SURFACE RESISTIVITY AND INDUCED POLARIZATION (IP) 176 9.8
ENGINEERING 177 9.8.1 CIVIL ENGINEERING 177 9.8.2 STRUCTURAL
SITES.!..:.... 177 9.8.3 RIGHT-OF-WAY ENGINEERING 178 9.8.4 MINING 179
9.8.5 REAL ESTATE EVALUATION 179 9.8.6 ARCHEOLOGY 180 9.8.7 WASTE
DISPOSAL 180 9.9 METALLIC MINERAL EXPLORATION 180 9.9.1 TRANSPORT AND
DEPOSITION MECHANISMS 180 9.9.1.1 OXIDATION-REDUCTION PHENOMENA 180
9.9.2 RELATION TO GEOLOGY/GEOPHYSICS 181 9.9.2.1 GEOCHEMICAL CELLS 182
9.9.3 OTHER MECHANISMS 186 9.9.4 ACID-BASE REACTIONS 187 9.9.5 THERMAL
CHANGES : 187 9.10 COAL 187 9.10.1 SURFACE METHODS 187 9.10.2 OTHER
GEOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES FOR COAL EXPLORATION 192 9.11 ANALYSIS 193 9.11.1
CROSS PLOTTING 193 9.11.2 DATA HANDLING AND TRANSMISSION 194 9.12
DIGITAL SIGNAL TRANSMISSION 195 9.13 PRESENTATIONS 196 9.14 DATA
HANDLING AND TRANSMISSION 196 10. TRANSDUCERS AND ELECTRODES 199 10.1
INTRODUCTION 199 10.2 ELECTROMAGNETIC TRANSDUCERS 200 10.3 ACOUSTIC
TRANSDUCERS 201 10.3.1 GEOPHONES 201 10.3.2 SEISMIC/ACOUSTIC SOURCES 202
10.4 ELECTRODES 204 10.4.1 HALF-CELL ELECTRODES 206 10.4.2 PH ELECTRODES
206 10.4.3 SPECIFIC ION ELECTRODES 207 10.4.4 HIGH FREQUENCY TRANSDUCERS
208 10.5 RADIOACTIVITY DETECTORS 208 10.5.1 IONIZATION CHAMBERS 208
10.5.2 GEIGER-MIILLER DETECTORS 208 10.5.3 PROPORTIONAL COUNTERS 209
10.5.4 SCINTILLATION DETECTORS 210 10.5.5 SOLID-STATE DETECTORS 212 10.6
MECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS 213 11. SHIELDING AND CALIBRATION 215 11.1
SHIELDING , 215 11.2 GAMMA RADIATION... 215 11.2.1 COMPTON SCATTERING
218 11.2.2 PHOTOELECTRIC ABSORPTION 219 11.2.3 PAIR PRODUCTION 219
11.2.4 TOTAL ATTENUATION COEFFICIENT 220 11.2.5 SHIELD THICKNESS 220
11.2.6 COLLIMATION 221 11.2.7 SHIELDING DETERMINATIONS 222 11.3 NEUTRON
SOURCE SHIELDING 222 11.3.1 SOURCE STORAGE 223 11.4 CALIBRATION 224
11.4.1 RESISTIVITY AND CONDUCTIVITY EQUIPMENT 226 11.4.2 ACOUSTIC
EQUIPMENT 228 11.4.2.1 SEISMIC AND VSP 228 11.4.3 NEUTRON SYSTEMS 229
11.4.4 GAMMA RAY SYSTEMS 231 11.4.5 DENSITY SYSTEMS 231 APPENDICES A.
REGRESSION ANALYSIS 235 MEAN VALUES 236 B. MATRIX ALGEBRA 237 C.
BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES 241 D. SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS,
SUBSCRIPTS, SUPERSCRIPTS 249 E. DEFINITIONS 255 F. GREEK ALPHABET 257
INDEX 25 9
|
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| indexdate | 2024-12-23T15:20:17Z |
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| language | English |
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| spellingShingle | Hallenburg, James K. Non-hydrocarbon methods of geophysical formation evaluation Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 gnd Geophysik (DE-588)4020252-5 gnd Ingenieurgeologie (DE-588)4125674-8 gnd Prospektion (DE-588)4047505-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4038971-6 (DE-588)4020252-5 (DE-588)4125674-8 (DE-588)4047505-0 |
| title | Non-hydrocarbon methods of geophysical formation evaluation |
| title_auth | Non-hydrocarbon methods of geophysical formation evaluation |
| title_exact_search | Non-hydrocarbon methods of geophysical formation evaluation |
| title_full | Non-hydrocarbon methods of geophysical formation evaluation James K. Hallenburg |
| title_fullStr | Non-hydrocarbon methods of geophysical formation evaluation James K. Hallenburg |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-hydrocarbon methods of geophysical formation evaluation James K. Hallenburg |
| title_short | Non-hydrocarbon methods of geophysical formation evaluation |
| title_sort | non hydrocarbon methods of geophysical formation evaluation |
| topic | Methode (DE-588)4038971-6 gnd Geophysik (DE-588)4020252-5 gnd Ingenieurgeologie (DE-588)4125674-8 gnd Prospektion (DE-588)4047505-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Methode Geophysik Ingenieurgeologie Prospektion |
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