Doppler ultrasound physics, instrumentation, and signal processing

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Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: Chichester [u.a.] Wiley 2000
Ausgabe:2. ed.
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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text Confa Preface xi Preface to First Edition xiii Plates xv 1 Introduction 1.1 The Doppler effect 1 1.2 Ultrasound 1 1.3 Doppler ultrasound in medicine 2 1.4 Summary 3 1.5 References 3 2 Blood Flow 2.1 Introduction 5 2.2 Basic concepts and definitions 5 2.3 Steady flow in rigid tubes 6 2.4 Pulsatile flow in rigid tubes 9 2.5 Pulsatile flow in elastic and viscoelastic tubes 14 2.6 The effects of geometric changes 16 2.7 Velocity profiles in human arteries ... 20 2.8 Computational fluid dynamics 22 2.9 Summary 24 2.10 Notation 24 2.11 References 25 2.12 Recommended reading 26 3 Physics of Ultrasound Propagation 3.1 Introduction 27 3.2 Ultrasonic waves 27 3.3 Ultrasonic phenomena 34 3.4 Ultrasonic tissue characterisation parameters 39 3.5 The Doppler effect 39 3.6 Summary 40 3.7 Notation 40 3.8 References 41 ents 4 Doppler Systems: A General Overview 4.1 Introduction 43 4.2 Velocity detecting systems 43 4.3 Duplex systems 54 4.4 Profile detecting systems 56 4.5 Velocity imaging systems 58 4.6 Summary 67 4.7 References 67 5 Ultrasonic Transducers, Fields and Beams 5.1 Introduction 71 5.2 Transducers 71 5.3 Ultrasonic beams and fields 84 5.4 Doppler sample volumes 88 5.5 Measurement of fields, zones, beams and sample volumes 90 5.6 Sterilisation of transducers 93 5.7 Damage to transducers 94 5.8 Summary 94 5.9 References 94 6 Signal Detection and Pre processing: CW and PW Doppler 6.1 Introduction 97 6.2 Continuous wave systems 97 6.3 Pulsed wave systems 105 6.4 Direction detection 107 6.5 Analogue envelope detectors 114 6.6 Complex Doppler systems 116 6.7 Summary 117 6.8 References 117 7 The Doppler Power Spectrum 7.1 Introduction 119 7.2 Blood as an ultrasonic target 120 7.3 Continuous wave Doppler spectra... 131 7.4 Pulsed wave Doppler spectra 142 7.5 Summary 146 7.6 Notation 146 7.7 References 147 viii CONTE 8 Doppler Signal Processors: Theoretical Considerations 8.1 Introduction 150 8.2 Spectral estimation techniques 150 8.3 Mean frequency processors 169 8.4 Maximum frequency processors .... 179 8.5 Zero crossing processors (RMS followers) 187 8.6 Other signal location estimators .... 189 8.7 Envelope averaging techniques 190 8.8 Comparison and choice of envelope extraction techniques 191 8.9 Summary 192 8.10 Notation 192 8.11 References 194 9 Waveform Analysis and Pattern Recognition 9.1 Introduction 200 9.2 Pattern recognition principles 200 9.3 Pre processing 201 9.4 Feature extraction 201 9.5 Classification 219 9.6 Summary 222 9.7 Notation 222 9.8 References 223 10 Colour Flow Imaging (CFI) Systems 10.1 Introduction 229 10.2 Ultrasonic imaging 230 10.3 Doppler imaging methods 231 10.4 Specialised Doppler imaging methods 233 10.5 Features of Doppler imagers 237 10.6 Performance and use of colour Doppler imaging 239 10.7 Artefacts in Doppler techniques .... 241 10.8 Summary 243 10.9 References 244 11 Signal Processing for Colour Flow Imaging 11.1 Introduction 245 11.2 Current narrow band colour imaging systems 245 11.3 Other narrow band (phase shift estimation) methods 256 11.4 Wide band (time shift estimation) methods 263 11.5 Direction of arrival methods 280 NTS 11.6 Future directions 282 11.7 Summary 282 11.8 Notation 282 11.9 References 284 12 Volumetric Blood Flow Measurement 12.1 Introduction 288 12.2 Flow measurement with duplex scanners 288 12.3 Flow measurement with multigate systems—1 D profiles 293 12.4 Flow measurement with multigate systems—2 D profiles 296 12.5 Flow measurement—attenuation compensated method 298 12.6 Flow measurement—assumed velocity profile method 300 12.7 Flow measurement—C mode Doppler techniques 300 12.8 Flow measurement using contrast agents 303 12.9 Miscellaneous techniques 303 12.10 Flow measurement errors 307 12.11 Summary 307 12.12 References 307 13 Miscellaneous Doppler Techniques 13.1 Introduction 311 13.2 Contrast agents 311 13.3 Perfusion techniques 317 13.4 Emboli detection 319 13.5 Transverse Doppler 323 13.6 Vector Doppler techniques 325 13.7 Speckle tracking techniques 333 13.8 Decorrelation based techniques 337 13.9 3 D Doppler imaging 339 13.10 Tissue motion imaging 343 13.11 Anti aliasing techniques 347 13.12 B Flow 350 13.13 Summary 350 13.14 References 350 14 Safety Considerations in Doppler Ultrasound 14.1 Introduction 359 14.2 Ultrasonic field measurement 359 14.3 Ultrasonic output from Doppler units 362 14.4 Physical effects of ultrasound 363 14.5 Bioeffects of ultrasound 365 CON! 14.6 Contrast agents 367 14.7 Safety standards 369 14.8 Safety statements 374 14.9 Minimising patient exposure 376 14.10 Summary 377 14.11 References 378 Appendix 1 Special Functions Arising from Womersley s Theory 381 Appendix 2 Doppler Test Devices PR Hoskins and KV Ramnarine A2.1 Introduction 382 A2.2 Flow phantoms 382 A2.3 Other moving target devices 391 A2.4 Electronic injection devices 395 A2.5 Measurement using test objects 397 A2.6 Which test objects are useful? 401 rENTS ix A2.7 Conclusion 402 A2.8 References 402 Appendix 3 Recording and Reproduction of Doppler Signals and Colour Doppler Images T Anderson A3.1 Introduction 405 A3.2 Characteristics of Doppler audio signals 406 A3.3 Recording Doppler audio signals.... 407 A3.4 Recording colour Doppler images... 410 A3.5 Terminology of specifications 414 A3.6 Summary 414 A3.7 References 414 A3.8 Further reading 414 Index 415
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spellingShingle Doppler ultrasound physics, instrumentation, and signal processing
Ultrasonothérapie
Ultrasons en médecine ram
Ultrasons
Échographie Doppler ram
Échographie doppler
Doppler ultrasonography
Medical physics
Ultrasonics
Ultrasonography instrumentation
Ultrasonography methods
Doppler-Sonografie (DE-588)4123075-9 gnd
subject_GND (DE-588)4123075-9
title Doppler ultrasound physics, instrumentation, and signal processing
title_auth Doppler ultrasound physics, instrumentation, and signal processing
title_exact_search Doppler ultrasound physics, instrumentation, and signal processing
title_full Doppler ultrasound physics, instrumentation, and signal processing David H. Evans ...
title_fullStr Doppler ultrasound physics, instrumentation, and signal processing David H. Evans ...
title_full_unstemmed Doppler ultrasound physics, instrumentation, and signal processing David H. Evans ...
title_short Doppler ultrasound
title_sort doppler ultrasound physics instrumentation and signal processing
title_sub physics, instrumentation, and signal processing
topic Ultrasonothérapie
Ultrasons en médecine ram
Ultrasons
Échographie Doppler ram
Échographie doppler
Doppler ultrasonography
Medical physics
Ultrasonics
Ultrasonography instrumentation
Ultrasonography methods
Doppler-Sonografie (DE-588)4123075-9 gnd
topic_facet Ultrasonothérapie
Ultrasons en médecine
Ultrasons
Échographie Doppler
Échographie doppler
Doppler ultrasonography
Medical physics
Ultrasonics
Ultrasonography instrumentation
Ultrasonography methods
Doppler-Sonografie
url http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008774104&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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