Historical linguistics and language change
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge Univ. Pr.
1998
|
| Ausgabe: | Reprint. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Cambridge studies in linguistics
81 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Lass, Roger |d 1937- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)120412209 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Historical linguistics and language change |c Roger Lass |
| 250 | |a Reprint. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge [u.a.] |b Cambridge Univ. Pr. |c 1998 | |
| 300 | |a XXIII, 423 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Cambridge studies in linguistics |v 81 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Historische Sprachwissenschaft - Sprachwandel | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents
Preface
page
xiii
Conventions,
abbreviations and symbols
xxi
General
prologue: time travel and signal processing
1
1
The past, the present and the historian
4
1.1
The historian as mythmaker
4
1.2
Messages from the past: historical understanding and
the
problem of synchrony
9
1.3
Making history: witnesses and interpretation
16
1.4
Making history: reconstruction
21
1.5
Making history: the role of uniformity constraints
24
1.6
Metaphor and access
32
1.7
Metaphor and metalanguage
41
1.8
Summary
42
2
Written records: evidence and argument
44
2.1
Prologue
44
2.2
Hearing: the inaudible
45
2.2.1
Graph interpretation: generalities
45
2.2.2
What does writing represent?
47
2.2.3
Defective alphabetic representation and the shape
of reconstructive argument
50
2.2.4
Allophonic spelling
57
2.2.5
Orthographic conservatism: good and bad news
58
2.3
What do texts represent? Variation and
état de langue
61
2.3.1
Spelling variation
61
2.3.2
The import of variation: a test case
63
2.3.3
Morphological variation
66
2.4
Literary evidence: rhyme and metre
68
ix
χ
Contents
2.5
Metalinguistic evidence
78
2.5.1
Premodern
phoneticians
78
2.5.2
Glosses and translations
83
2.6
What is a word anyhow? Or a sentence, or text?
93
2.7
Desperate remedies: interpreting vs. disappearing
96
3
Relatedness, ancestry and comparison
104
3.1
Family resemblances
104
3.2
Historicity: how are families possible?
109
3.3
Replication and shared errors 111
3.4
Cladistic concepts in language filiation
113
3.5
Homoplasy
118
3.6
Sound laws , cognateness and families
123
3.6.1
Diagnostic characters and regular correspondences
123
3.6.2
Regular sound change
132
3.6.3
Comparative method: apomorphies, ancestors and
etymologies
135
3.7
Problems and pseudo-problems
139
3.7.1
Variation, diffusion and competition
139
3.7.2
Subgrouping: non-arboriform genealogies and
character-weighting
143
3.7.3
Multiple descent and hybridization
158
3.8
Etymologies and etymologies : the hypertaxon problem
159
3.9
Non-phonological evidence for relationship
169
4
Convergence and contact
172
4.1
Preliminaries
172
4.2
Homoplasy vs. plesiomorphy
173
4.2.1
A test case: Afrikaans diphthongization
173
4.2.2
Excursus: motivated and unmotivated naturalness
177
4.2.3
The north-European diphthongization area
179
4.3
Contact
184
4.3.1
The constraints problem
184
4.3.2
Sorting,
1 :
synchronie
foreignness
190
4.3.3
Sorting,
2:
asymmetrical correspondences
195
4.3.4
Sorting,
3:
non-substantial ( structural ) loans
197
4.3.5
Contact agendas and etymology
201
4.4
Endogeny vs. contact as a methodological issue
207
4.5
Etymologyia ex silentio: contact with lost languages
209
Contents xi
5 The nature
of
reconstruction
215
5.1
Beyond filiation
215
5.2
Projection vs. mapping
216
5.2.1
Principles
216
5.2.2
Quanta and phonetic gradualism: a few suggestions
221
5.2.3
Morphoclines, quanta and borrowing
225
5.2.4
Projection again: conventions and justifications
228
5.3
Internal reconstruction
232
5.3.1
Tautolinguistic cognates and reconstruction
232
5.3.2
Internal reconstruction and abstract
morphophonemics
234
5.3.3
The limits of internal reconstruction
237
5.4
Chronology and sequence
241
5.5
Morphosyntactic reconstruction
246
5.5.1
Preliminaries
246
5.5.2
Reconstructing morphology: a non-example
251
5.5.3
Simplification and cyclicity
252
5.5.4
Morphological portmanteaus
257
5.5.5
Plesiomorphous residue
263
5.5.6
Directionality and morphoclines
267
5.6
Postscript: realism in reconstruction
270
5.6.1
Phonetic realism: the art of coarse transcription
270
5.6.2
What is a protolanguage?
272
6
Time and change: the
shape(s)
of history
277
6.1
The nature of change
277
6.2
Language in time: when is a change?
281
6.3
Linguistic time
290
6.3.1
Arrows and cycles
290
6.3.2
Epigenetic landscapes
293
6.3.3
Point attractors: grammaticalization and other sinks
295
6.3.4
Cyclical attractors
297
6.3.5
Chreods: conspiracy and drift
300
6.3.6
Stasis and punctuation
303
6.4
The emergence of novelty
305
6.4.1
Ex nihilo
nihil
fit! Setting the boundaries
305
6.4.2
The joys of junk: decomposition and
bricolage
309
6.4.3
Exaptation
316
6.4.4
Non-junk exaptation: inventing new systems
318
xii Contents
7
Explanation and ontology
325
7.1
The issues
325
7.1.1
Conceptual preliminaries
325
7.1.2
The logical structure of explanations
328
7.2
In which the author revisits an earlier self, and is not
entirely satisfied by what he sees, but not entirely repentant
332
7.3
Hermeneutic explication
336
7.3.1
The hermeneutic challenge
336
7.3.2
Does the mind shun purposeless variety ?
340
7.4
Function: hermeneutics and the individualist error
352
7.4.1
Is change functional , dysfunctional or neutral?
352
7.4.2
Functional explanation: an example
355
7.4.3
Prophylaxis and therapy
359
7.4.4
Whose function? Individuals vs. collectives
361
7.5
Agents : structure, pragmatics and invisible hands
366
7.6
A modest ontological proposal
370
7.6.1
The locus of change: societies vs. populations
370
7.6.2
A medium-neutral evolutionary model
376
7.6.3
Consequences of the population model: bottlenecks,
universais
and mind
382
7.7
Envoi
384
References
391
Index of names
416
Subject index
420
|
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| id | DE-604.BV012333459 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-09-19T15:27:00Z |
| indexdate | 2024-09-27T16:20:28Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0521453089 0521459249 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-008362861 |
| oclc_num | 245854488 |
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| physical | XXIII, 423 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1998 |
| publishDateSearch | 1998 |
| publishDateSort | 1998 |
| publisher | Cambridge Univ. Pr. |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Cambridge studies in linguistics |
| series2 | Cambridge studies in linguistics |
| spellingShingle | Lass, Roger 1937- Historical linguistics and language change Cambridge studies in linguistics Historische Sprachwissenschaft - Sprachwandel Historische Sprachwissenschaft (DE-588)4127276-6 gnd Sprachwandel (DE-588)4056508-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4127276-6 (DE-588)4056508-7 |
| title | Historical linguistics and language change |
| title_auth | Historical linguistics and language change |
| title_exact_search | Historical linguistics and language change |
| title_full | Historical linguistics and language change Roger Lass |
| title_fullStr | Historical linguistics and language change Roger Lass |
| title_full_unstemmed | Historical linguistics and language change Roger Lass |
| title_short | Historical linguistics and language change |
| title_sort | historical linguistics and language change |
| topic | Historische Sprachwissenschaft - Sprachwandel Historische Sprachwissenschaft (DE-588)4127276-6 gnd Sprachwandel (DE-588)4056508-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Historische Sprachwissenschaft - Sprachwandel Historische Sprachwissenschaft Sprachwandel |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008362861&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV000000639 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lassroger historicallinguisticsandlanguagechange |