Wilson and Gisvold's textbook of organic medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry

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Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: Philadelphia [u.a.] Lippincott-Raven 1998
Ausgabe:10. ed.
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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text CONTENTS CONTRIBUTORS xiii PREFACE xv CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1 Jaime N. Delgado and William A. Remers CHAPTER 2 Physicochemical Properties in Relation to Biological Action 3 John H. Block Overview 3 Drug Distribution 3 Acid Base Properties 10 Statistical Prediction of Pharmacological Activity 18 Combinatorial Chemistry 25 Molecular Modeling (Computer Aided Drug Design) 26 CHAPTER 3 Metabolic Changes of Drugs and Related Organic Compounds 43 Lawrence K. Low General Pathways of Drug Metabolism 43 Sites of Drug Biotransformation 45 Role of Cytochrome P 450 Monoxygenases in Oxidative Biotransformations 45 Oxidative Reactions 48 Reductive Reactions 81 Hydrolytic Reactions 89 Phase II, or Conjugation, Reactions 91 Factors Affecting Drug Metabolism 109 CHAPTER 4 Drug Latentiation and Prodrugs 123 Forrest T. Smith andC. Randal/Clark History 123 Basic Concepts 123 VI I OCIV I C(V I O Prodrugs of Functional Groups 125 ; Bioprecursor Prodrugs 132 Chemical Delivery Systems 134 I 1 CHAPTERS Biotechnology and Drug Discovery 139 John W. Regan Cloning DNA 139 Expression of Cloned DNA 142 Manipulation of DNA Sequence Information 143 New Biological Targets for Drug Development 144 Novel Drug Screening Strategies 145 Novel Biological Agents 147 Antibodies 148 Antisense Oligonucleotide Therapy 148 Gene Therapy 149 Products 150 CHAPTER 6 Fundamentals of Immunology and Immunizing Biologicals (Vaccines and Toxoids) 153 John M. Beale Disease Prevention: An Historical Perspective 153 Fundamental Immunological Nomenclature 154 The Chemical Nature of an Antigen 155 Fundamental Immunological Concepts 156 Antibody Types and Reactions 162 Immunobiologicals (Vaccines and Toxoids) 164 CHAPTER 7 Anti Infective Agents 173 Arnold R. Martin Local Anti Infective Agents 173 Alcohols and Related Compounds 174 Phenols and Their Derivatives 176 Oxidizing Agents 178 Halogen Containing Compounds 178 Chlorine Containing Compounds 179 Cationic Surfactants 180 Dyes 181 Mercury Compounds 182 Preservatives 183 Antifungal Agents 185 Antifungal Antibiotics 193 Synthetic Antibacterial Agents 196 Antitubercular Agents 204 Antitubercular Antibiotics 208 Antiprotozoal Agents 210 Anthelmintics 216 Antiscabious and Antipedicular Agents 219 CHAPTER a Sulfonamides, Sulfones, and Folate Reductase Inhibitors with Antibacterial Action 223 Dwight S. Fullerton Sulfonamides and Folate Reductase Inhibitors 223 Well Absorbed, Short , and Intermediate Acting Sulfonamides 229 Sulfonamides for Ophthalmic Infections 231 Sulfonamides for Burn Therapy 231 Sulfonamides for Intestinal Infections, Ulcerative Colitis, or Reduction of Bowel Flora 231 Folate Reductase Inhibitors 232 Sulfones 232 CHAPTER 9 Antimalarials 235 Dwight S. Fullerton Etiology 235 History 237 Modern Malaria Chemotherapy: An Overview 240 Development of Malaria Vaccines: Promising or a Failed Promise? 240 Quinolines and Analogues 241 Cinchona Alkaloids 244 7 Chloro 4 Aminoquinolines 246 8 Aminoquinolines 247 9 Aminoacridines 248 Mefloquine 248 Tetrahydrofolate Synthesis Inhibitors 248 Diaminopyrimidines 249 Biguanides and Dihydrotriazines 250 Sulfonamides 251 Sulfones 251 Other Antimalarials 251 CHAPTER 10 Antibacterial Antibiotics 253 Arnold R. Martin Historical Background 253 Current Status 253 ^ Lactam Antibiotics 255 Hie Aminoglycosides 291 The Tetracyclines 299 The Macroclides 307 The Lincomycins 312 The Polypeptides 314 Viii I CONTENTS CHAPTER 11 Antiviral Agents 327 Arnold R. Martin Properties of Viruses 327 Viral Classification 327 Prevention of Viral Infection by Chemoprophylaxis 327 Nucleoside Antimetabolites 331 Agents Under Development for HIV Infection 337 CHAPTER 12 Antineoplastic Agents 343 William A. Remers Tumor Cell Properties 343 Alkylating Agents 347 Antimetabolites 356 Antibiotics 368 Plant Products 379 Miscellaneous Compounds 382 Hormones 388 Immunotherapy 391 Future Antineoplastic Agents 393 CHAPTER 13 Agents for Diagnostic Imaging 403 Jack N. Hall and Tim B. Hunter Introduction to Radiation 403 Biological Effects of Radiation 406 Radionuclides and Radiopharmaceuticals for Organ Imaging 407 Radionuclide Production 408 Technetium Radiochemistry 411 Fluorine Radiochemistry 418 Gallium Radiochemistry 418 Iodine Radiochemistry 419 Indium Radiochemistry 420 Thallium Radiochemistry 422 Xenon Radiochemistry 423 Radiologic Contrast Agents 423 Paramagnetic Compounds 426 Radiologic Procedures 427 CHAPTER 14 Central Nervous System Depressants 435 Eugene I. Isaacson Some Mechanisms of Action: Anesthetics, Sedative Hypnotics, Anxiolytics, and Anticonvulsants 435 General Anesthetics 436 Anxiolytic, Sedative, and Hypnotic Agents 439 Central Nervous System Depressants with Skeletal Muscle Relaxant Properties 448 Antipsychotics 449 Anticonvulsant or Antiepileptic Drugs 456 CHAPTER 15 Central Nervous System Stimulants 463 Eugene I. Isaacson Analeptics 463 Methylxanthines 464 Central Sympathomimetic Agents (Psychomotor Stimulants) 465 Monamine Oxidase Inhibitors 469 Tricyclic (and Mechanistically Related) Antidepressant Compounds 471 Psychedelics 474 CHAPTER 16 Adrenergic Agents 479 Rodney L. Johnson Adrenergic Neurotransmitters 479 Adrenergic Receptors 482 Drugs Affecting Adrenergic Neurotransmission 484 Sympathomimetic Agents 485 Adrenergic Receptor Antagonists 494 CHAPTER 17 Cholinergic Drugs and Related Agents 505 George H. Cocolas Cholinergic Receptors 506 Cholinergic Neurochemistry 510 Cholinergic Agonists 511 Cholinergic Receptor Antagonists 515 Cholinergic Blocking Agents 527 Parasympathetic Postganglionic Blocking Agents 529 Solanaceous Alkaloids and Analogues 530 Synthetic Cholinergic Blocking Agents 535 Ganglionic Blocking Agents 542 Neuromuscular Blocking Agents 545 CHAPTER 18 Diuretics 553 Daniel A. Koechel Anatomy and Physiology of the Nephron 553 Function 553 Introduction to the Diuretics 559 I Site 1 Diuretics: Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors 561 I Site 3 Diuretics: Thiazide and Thiazide like Diuretics 563 I Site 2 Diuretics: High Ceiling or Loop Diuretics 569 Site 4 Diuretics: Potassium Sparing Diuretics 575 Miscellaneous Diuretics 579 Summary 579 CHAPTER 19 Cardiovascular Agents 583 George H. Cocolas Antianginal Agents and Vasodilators 583 Antiarrhythmic Drugs 594 Antihypertensive Agents 603 Antihyperlipidemic Agents 614 Anticoagulants 620 Synthetic Hypoglycemic Agents 625 Thyroid Hormones 627 Antithyroid Drugs 628 CHAPTER 20 Local Anesthetic Agents 631 Gareth Thomas and David E. Thurston Historical Development 631 Nervous System 634 Mechanism of Action 640 Administration 642 Factors Influencing the Effectiveness of the Anesthetic Action 642 Rate of Onset and Duration of Anesthesia 644 Secondary Pharmacological Action 644 Structure Action 645 Lexicon of Local Anesthetics 648 CHAPTER 21 Histamine and Antihistaminic Agents 657 Thomas N. Riley and Jack DeRuiter Histamine 657 Histamine Life Cycle 657 Histamine Hi Receptor Antagonists: Antihistiminic Agents 661 Inhibition of Histamine Release 675 Histamine H2 Receptor Antagonists 676 Histamine H3 Receptor Ligands 683 CHAPTER 22 Analgesic Agents 687 Robert E. Willette Morphine and Related Compounds 687 Antitussive Agents 709 Anti Inflammatory Analgesics 711 CHAPTER 23 Steroids and Therapeutically Related Compounds 727 Dwight S. Fullerton Steroid Receptors 727 Steroid Nomenclature, Stereochemistry, and Numbering 731 UUNItNTS I XI Steroid Biosynthesis 735 Chemical and Physical Properties of Steroids 736 Changes to Modify Pharmacokinetic Properties of Steroids 736 Gonadotropins 736 Sex Hormones 741 Estrogens 741 Antiestrogens and Related Drugs 750 Progestins 752 Chemical Contraceptive Agents 755 Androgens and Anabolic Agents 764 Adrenal Cortex Hormones 770 Cardiac Steroids and Related Inotropic Drugs 781 Steroids with Other Activities 794 Commercial Production of Steroids 795 CHAPTER 24 Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Other Eicosanoids 803 Thomas J. Holmes, Jr. History of Discovery 803 Eicosanoid Biosynthesis 803 Drug Action Mediated by Eicosanoids 807 Design of Eicosanoid Drugs 808 Eicosanoids in Clinical Development for Human Treatment 810 CHAPTER 25 Carbohydrates 813 Vitas A. Prabhu and Jaime N. Delgado Classification 813 Biosynthesis 816 Stereochemical Considerations 816 Interrelationships with Lipids and Proteins 817 Sugar Alcohols 818 Sugars 819 Starch and Derivatives 822 Cellulose and Derivatives 822 Heparin 825 Glycosides 828 CHAPTER 26 Amino Acids, Proteins, Enzymes, and Peptide Hormones 831 Jaime N. Delgado and Vilas A. Prabhu Amino Acids 831 Protein Hydrolysates 835 Amino Acid Solutions 835 Protein and Protein like Compounds 836 Enzymes 841 Hormones 846 i Blood Proteins 864 The Impact of Biotechnology on the Development and Commercial Production of Proteins and Peptides as Pharmaceutical Products 865 Biotechnology Derived Pharmaceutical Products 868 CHAPTER 27 Vitamins and Related Compounds 875 Gustavo R. Ortega and Jaime N. Delgado Lipid Soluble Vitamins 875 Water Soluble Vitamins 894 Miscellaneous Considerations 910 APPENDIX p/Cas of Drugs and Reference Compounds 915 INDEX 923
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spellingShingle Wilson and Gisvold's textbook of organic medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry
Chimie organique
Chimie pharmaceutique
Chemistry, Organic
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
Pharmaceutical chemistry
Pharmazeutische Chemie (DE-588)4132158-3 gnd
subject_GND (DE-588)4132158-3
(DE-588)4123623-3
title Wilson and Gisvold's textbook of organic medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry
title_alt Textbook of organic medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry
title_auth Wilson and Gisvold's textbook of organic medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry
title_exact_search Wilson and Gisvold's textbook of organic medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry
title_full Wilson and Gisvold's textbook of organic medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry ed. by Jaime N. Delgado ...
title_fullStr Wilson and Gisvold's textbook of organic medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry ed. by Jaime N. Delgado ...
title_full_unstemmed Wilson and Gisvold's textbook of organic medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry ed. by Jaime N. Delgado ...
title_short Wilson and Gisvold's textbook of organic medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry
title_sort wilson and gisvold s textbook of organic medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry
topic Chimie organique
Chimie pharmaceutique
Chemistry, Organic
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
Pharmaceutical chemistry
Pharmazeutische Chemie (DE-588)4132158-3 gnd
topic_facet Chimie organique
Chimie pharmaceutique
Chemistry, Organic
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
Pharmaceutical chemistry
Pharmazeutische Chemie
Lehrbuch
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