Financial accounting a user perspective

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Hauptverfasser: Hoskin, Robert E. (VerfasserIn), Hughes, John S. (VerfasserIn)
Format: Buch
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: New York [u.a.] Wiley 1997
Ausgabe:2. ed.
Schriftenreihe:Wiley international edition
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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text CONTENTS Chapter 1 OVERVIEW OF CORPORATE FINANCIAL REPORTING 1^ Forms of Organization 3 Corporate Financial Statements and Annual Reports 4 Conceptual Framework 6 Financial Reporting Objectives 7 Qualitative Characteristics of Accounting Information 7 Business Activities 9 Financing Activities 10 Investing Activities 11 Operating Activities 11 General Electric Annual Report 11 Letter to the Share Owners 12 Business Profile 12 Board of Directors and Management 12 Financial Section 13 Transition 30 Chapter 2 BASIC ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS: RETAIL COMPANIES 57 Basic Accounting Equation 58 Transactions Analysis and Accounting Entries 58 Transactions Analysis—Startup Period 59 Transactions Analysis—Operating Period 64 Balance Sheet 79 Income Statement 80 Cash Flow Statement 80 Transition 83 Appendix 2A Alternative Approach 104 Basic Accounting Equation 104 Income and Cash Flow Equations 105 Income Equation 105 Cash Flow Equation 106 Other Flow Statements 107 Chapter 3 DUAL ENTRY ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS: MANUFACTURING COMPANIES 108 Double Entry Accounting Systems 108 Accounting Cycle 112 Demo Retail Company T Accounts 119 xiii XIV CONTENTS Basics of Manufacturing Accounting Systems 125 Manufacturing Costs 125 Inventory Accounts 125 Model Manufacturing Company 129 Transition 141 Chapter 4 REVENUE RECOGNITION 171 Performance Measurement 172 Cash to Cash Cycle 174 Cash 174 Acquisition of Raw Materials 174 Production 174 Selling Activity 175 Delivery of Product 175 Collection 175 Warranty Service 176 Summary of Cash to Cash Cycle 176 Revenue Recognition 176 Revenue Recognition Criteria 177 Revenue Recognition Methods 180 Comprehensive Income and Changes in Owners Equity 188 Transition 192 Chapter 5 CASH FLOW STATEMENT 210 Why Another Flow Statement? 211 Ajax Widget Company 211 Performance Evaluation 212 Solutions to the Cash Flow Problem 216 History of the Cash Flow Statement 219 Definition of Cash and Cash Equivalents 221 Components of Cash Flow 221 Required Disclosure 223 Preparation of the Cash Flow Statement 224 T account Worksheet 226 Cash Flow Worksheet: Direct Approach 226 Cash Flow Worksheet: Indirect (Reconciliation) Approach 235 Interpretation of Cash Flow Information 239 Analysis of the Cash Flow of General Electric 243 Transition 244 Chapter 6 STATEMENT FORMAT AND CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS 272 Income Statement Format 273 Income from Continuing Operations 274 Income from Nonoperating Sources 277 CONTENTS XV Income from Unusual or Infrequent Events 277 Taxes 280 Discontinued Operations 280 Extraordinary Items 283 Accounting Changes 284 Earnings Per Share 286 Balance Sheet Format 288 Cash Flow Statement Format 296 Consolidated Financial Statements and Intercorporate Investments 302 Purpose of Intercorporate Investments 302 Methods of Obtaining Influence and Control 305 Valuation Issues at Date of Acquisition 306 Income Recognition Issues Subsequent to Acquisition 310 Consolidated Statement Format and Analysis 314 Transition 316 Chapter 7 FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS 339 Overview of Financial Statement Analysis 340 Understanding the Business 340 Reading the Financial Statements and Footnotes 341 Retrospective versus Prospective Analysis 341 Time Series versus Cross Sectional Analysis 342 Analysis Data 342 Ratios 350 Performance 350 Short term Liquidity 364 Long term Liquidity 365 Earnings Per Share 368 Price/Earnings Ratio 370 Statement Analysis Considerations for Consolidated Statement 370 Chapter 8 CASH, ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES 403 Cash 404 Valuation Methods 404 WhatlsGAAP? 405 Other Issues 406 Statement Analysis Considerations 407 Marketable Securities 408 Valuation Methods 409 WhatlsGAAP? 409 Statement Analysis Considerations 420 Accounts Receivable 421 Valuation Methods 422 WhatlsGAAP? 422 Direct Write Off Method 423 XVi CONTENTS Allowance Method 425 Factoring/Pledging of Accounts Receivable 429 General Electric Disclosures 431 Statement Analysis Considerations 432 Notes Receivable 433 Interest of Notes Receivable 434 Transition 436 Chapter 9 INVENTORY 472 Recognition Criteria 473 Valuation Criteria 473 Historical Cost 473 Market Value 474 What Is GAAP? 475 Inventory Systems 478 Perpetual Inventory Systems 480 Periodic Inventory Systems 480 Cost and Benefits of System Choice 481 Cost Flow Assumptions 482 First in, First out (FIFO) 483 Last in, First out (LIFO) 484 Weighted Average 485 Cost Flow Assumption Choice 486 Cost Flow Assumptions and Changing Prices 488 LIFO s Effects on Financial Statements 490 Year end Purchasing 490 LIFO Liquidations 491 Changing Cost Flow Assumptions 493 Statement Analysis Considerations 496 Inventory Turnover 499 Other Ratios 500 Transition 500 Chapter 10 NONCURRENT ASSETS 518 Recognition Criteria 519 Valuation Criteria 520 Historical Cost 520 Market Value 520 Net Present Value 521 What Is GAAP? 522 Depreciation Concepts 527 Depreciation Methods 528 Straight Line Method 531 Sum of the Years Digits Method 531 CONTENTS XVii Declining Balance Method 532 Tax Methods: ACRS and MACRS 534 Deferred Taxes 538 Choice of Depreciation Method 540 Changes in Depreciation Estimates and Methods 540 Sale and Write Off of Property, Plant, and Equipment 540 Depletion 543 Long Term Investments 544 Intangible Assets 546 Research and Development 546 Advertising 546 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 548 Goodwill 548 Statement Analysis Considerations 550 Transition 551 Chapter 11 LIABILITIES 571 Recognition Criteria for Liabilities 572 Valuation Criteria 573 Valuation Methods 573 What Is GAAP? 574 Current Liabilities 575 Accounts Payable 575 Wages and Other Payroll Payables 575 Short Term Notes and Interest Payable 576 Income Taxes Payable 576 Warranty Payable 576 Unearned Revenues 577 Current Portion of Long Term Debt 577 Commitments 578 Contingencies 579 Deferred Taxes 582 Deferral Method 583 Liability Method 587 Other Tax Disclosures 593 Transition 593 Chapter 12 LONG TERM LIABILITIES 626 Bonds 627 Basic Bond Characteristics 627 Public Bond Issues 629 Bond Pricing 629 Bond Markets 632 Bond Accounting 635 xviii contents Leasing 645 Lessee Accounting 646 Lessor Accounting 650 Pensions 653 Defined Contribution Plans 653 Defined Benefit Plans 654 Other Postemployment Benefits 658 Statement Analysis Considerations 660 Transition 661 Appendix 12A: Derivative Financial Instruments 696 Chapter 13 OWNERS EQUITY 706 Composition of Owners Equity 707 Forms of Organizations 707 Advantages/Disadvantages of Different Forms of Organization 709 Corporations 710 Common Stock 712 Preferred Stock 713 Issuance of Common Stock 714 Treasury Stock 715 Dividends 718 Property Dividends 719 Stock Dividends 720 Stock Splits 723 Stock Options 724 Stock Appreciation Rights 726 Stock Rights and Warrants 726 Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPS) 727 Conclusion 730 Appendix A GENERAL ELECTRIC ANNUAL REPORT, 1994 751^ Appendix B FASB ARTICLE 820 Appendix C ACCOUNTING FOR CHANGING PRICES 827 Income Measurement Under Changing Prices 828 Monetary Versus Nonmonetary Assets and Liabilities 830 Restated Statements Under Changing Prices 830 General Price Level Adjusted Statements 831 Current Cost Financial Statements 834 Inflation Disclosures 837 Appendix D ACCOUNTING FOR INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS 838 Foreign Denominated Transactions 839 Purchase Transaction 840 CONTENTS XiX Sale Transaction 841 Hedging Foreign Transaction 842 Investments in Foreign Subsidiaries 842 Appendix E TIME VALUE OF MONEY 844 Basic Concepts 844 Future Value 845 Compounding Periods 848 Present Value 849 Multiple Cash Flows 850 Annuities 850 Annuities in Arrears (Ordinary Annuities) 850 Annuities in Advance 853 Perpetuities 855 Internal Rates of Return 855 Appendix F RITE AID ANNUAL REPORT, 1995 869
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author Hoskin, Robert E.
Hughes, John S.
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publishDate 1997
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series2 Wiley international edition
spellingShingle Hoskin, Robert E.
Hughes, John S.
Financial accounting a user perspective
Accounting gtt
Accounting
Finanzbuchhaltung (DE-588)4113562-3 gnd
subject_GND (DE-588)4113562-3
title Financial accounting a user perspective
title_auth Financial accounting a user perspective
title_exact_search Financial accounting a user perspective
title_full Financial accounting a user perspective Robert E. Hoskin
title_fullStr Financial accounting a user perspective Robert E. Hoskin
title_full_unstemmed Financial accounting a user perspective Robert E. Hoskin
title_short Financial accounting
title_sort financial accounting a user perspective
title_sub a user perspective
topic Accounting gtt
Accounting
Finanzbuchhaltung (DE-588)4113562-3 gnd
topic_facet Accounting
Finanzbuchhaltung
url http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008242643&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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