Immunopharmacology of free radical species

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Veröffentlicht: London [u.a.] Acad. Press 1995
Schriftenreihe:The handbook of immunopharmacology
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245 1 0 |a Immunopharmacology of free radical species  |c ed. by David Blake ... 
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650 4 |a PROSTI RADIKALI 
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650 4 |a ANTIOXIDANTS 
650 4 |a FREE RADICALS 
650 4 |a OXIDANTS  |x adverse effects 
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adam_text 21 3C- IMMUNOPHAVMACOBPJJ F FREE RADICAL SPECIES EDITED BY DAVID BLAKE AND PAUL G. WINYARD THE LONDON HOSPITAL MEDICAL COLLEGE, LONDON, UK ACADEMIC PRESS HARCOURT BRACE AND COMPANY, PUBLISHERS LONDON SAN DIEGO NEW YORK BOSTON SYDNEY TOKYO TORONTO CONTENTS CONTRIBUTORS XI SERIES PREFACE XV PREFACE XVII 1. METHODS FOR THE DETECTION AND MEASUREMENT OF BEACTIVE RADICAL SPECIES IN VIVO AND IN VITRO 1 MARTIN GROOTVELD AND CHRISTOPHER J. RHODES 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. DIRECT OBSERVATION OF FREE-RADICAL SPECIES IN BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES BY ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE 7. SPECTROSCOPY 2 3. DETECTION OF PROTEIN DAMAGE ARISING FROM THE ACTION OF OXYGEN-DERIVED RADICAL SPECIES 3 8. 4. DNA DAMAGE 4 9. 5. OXIDATIVE DAMAGE TO CARBOHYDRATES 5 10. 6. ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTS ARISING FROM THE INTERACTIONS OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES WITH FURTHER BIOMOLECULES OF LOW MOLECULAR MASS 7 2. LIPID PEROXIDATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 23 VICTOR M. DARLEY-USMAR, RONALD P. MASON, WAKE CHAMULITRAT, NEIL HOGG AND BALARAMAN KALYANARAMAN 6.1 AROMATIC HYDROXYLATION 7 6.2 HIGH-RESOLUTION H-NMR SPECTROSCOPY 8 DETECTION OF PRODUCTS ARISING FROM THE RADICAL-MEDIATED PEROXIDATION OF POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS 13 CONCLUSIONS 18 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 18 REFERENCES 18 1. INTRODUCTION 23 2. MECHANISMS OF LIPID PEROXIDATION 24 2.1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF INITIATION AND PROPAGATION IN LIPID PEROXIDATION 24 2.2 INITIATION REACTIONS 24 2.2.1 ENZYMATIC PEROXIDATION CATALYSED BY LIPOXYGENASES 25 2.2.2 HAEM PROTEINS AND LIPID PEROXIDATION 26 2.2.3 SUPEROXIDE, NITRIC OXIDE AND PEROXYNITRITE 26 2.3 PROPAGATION REACTIONS 27 2.4 INTERACTIONS BETWEEN LIPID HYDROPEROXIDES AND TRANSITION METALS 27 2.5 CHAIN-BREAKING ANTIOXIDANTS 27 2.5.1 THE ANTIOXIDANT AND PRO-OXIDANT REACTIONS OF A-TOCOPHEROL 28 3. 4. 5. 2.5.2 THE ANTIOXIDANT REACTIONS OF NITRIC OXIDE 29 2.5.3 SYNERGISTIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN ANTIOXIDANTS 29 2.6 LIPOXYGENASE, SEEDING PEROXIDES AND LDL OXIDATION 30 2.6.1 OXIDIZABILITY AND THE POTENCY OF CHAIN-BREAKING ANTIOXIDANTS IN LDL 31 CELL CULTURE MODELS OF LIPOPROTEIN OXIDATION 32 3.1 ENDOTHELIAL CELLS 32 3.2 MACROPHAGES 32 3.3 INTRACELLULAR ANTIOXIDANTS AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS 33 SUMMARY 34 REFERENCES 34 VI CONTENTS 3. FREE RADICALS AND ANTIOXIDANTS IN ATHEROSCLEROSIS 39 CATHERINE RICE-EVANS 1. INTRODUCTION 39 2. THE POSSIBLE MECHANISMS OF THE OXIDATION OF LDL IN THE PRODUCTION OF LIPID HYDROPEROXIDES 40 3. ANTIOXIDANTS AND THEIR ACTIONS 42 4. THE INVOLVEMENT OF FREE RADICALS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS 44 4.1 CELL-INDUCED MODIFICATION 44 4.2 CO-INCUBATION WITH TRANSITION METALS, OR HAEM PROTEINS AND RUPTURED ERYTHROCYTES AND MYOCYTES 45 5. OXIDIZED LDL - IS IT A REALITY? 48 6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 49 7. REFERENCES 49 4. OXIDANT STRESS AND THE HEART: MODULATION OF ION TRANSPORT MECHANISMS DURING ISCHAEMIA AND BEPERFUSION 53 MICHAEL J. SHATTOCK AND PETER S. HADDOCK 1. REPERFUSION OF THE HEART AND OXIDANT STRESS 54 4. 1.1 BACKGROUND 54 1.2 ARE FREE RADICALS PRODUCED DURING EARLY REPERFUSION IN THE HEART? 54 1.3 FREE RADICALS AND REPERFUSION ARRHYTHMIAS 54 1.4 FREE RADICALS AND CONTRACTILE DYSFUNCTION 56 2. HOW THE HEART COPES WITH OXIDANT STRESS 56 2.1 ANTIOXIDANTS AND FREE-RADICAL SCAVENGERS IN THE HEART 56 2.2 OXIDANT STRESS-INDUCED ALTERATIONS IN MYOCARDIAL GLUTATHIONE STATUS 57 3. MEMBRANE CONSEQUENCES OF OXIDANT STRESS 57 3.1 EFFECTS OF OXIDANT STRESS ON THE ACTION POTENTIAL 57 3.2 EFFECTS OF OXIDANT STRESS ON MEMBRANE CURRENTS 57 3.2.1 CALCIUM AND SODIUM INWARD CURRENTS 58 3.2.2 STEADY-STATE BACKGROUND CURRENTS 58 3.2.3 TRANSIENT INWARD CURRENT 59 3.3 OXIDANT STRESS AND CALCIUM OVERLOAD 59 3.3.1 REDISTRIBUTION OF INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM STORES? 60 5. 3.3.2 INCREASED CELLULAR CALCIUM INFLUX? 60 6. 3.3.3 DECREASED CELLULAR CALCIUM 7. EFFLUX? 61 8. 3.3.4 NA/K PUMP ACTIVITY AND ITS ROLE IN CELLULAR CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS 61 OXIDANT STRESS, REDOX STATE AND PROTEIN FUNCTION 62 4.1 THIOL STATUS AND PROTEIN ACTIVITY 62 4.1.2 INFLUENCE OF GLUTATHIONE STATUS ON SARCOLEMMAL PROTEIN FUNCTION 62 4.2 OXIDANT STRESS AND NA/K PUMP FUNCTION 63 4.2.1 NA/K PUMP STRUCTURE AND REGULATORY ROLE OF SULPHYDRYL GROUPS 63 4.2.2 FREE RADICALS AND NA/K PUMP FUNCTION 63 4.3 GLUTATHIONE AND NA/K PUMP FUNCTION 63 4.3.1 ISOLATED NA/K ATPASE STUDIES 64 4.3.2 CYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF NA/K PUMP FUNCTION IN LANGENDORFF- PERFUSED ISOLATED HEARTS: EFFECT OF GLUTATHIONE 65 4.3.3 BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF NA/ K ATPASE ACTIVITY IN SARCOLEMMAL PREPARATIONS 66 4.3.4 WHOLE-CELL VOLTAGE-CLAMP RECORDINGS OF NA/K PUMP CURRENT: EFFECTS OF CELLULAR GLUTATHIONE MANIPULATION 67 MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF OXIDANT STRESS-INDUCED MODIFICATIONS OF PROTEIN FUNCTION 68 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 68 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 69 REFERENCES 69 5. FREE BADICALS IN CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES 73 JAMES A. CLEMENS AND JILL A. PANETTA 1. EVIDENCE FOR THE EXISTENCE OF FREE RADICALS IN THE BRAIN 73 2. SOURCES OF FREE RADICALS 75 2.1 RADICAL PRODUCTION DURING NORMAL METABOLISM 75 2.2 CATECHOLAMINES 75 CONTENTS VII 2.3 TRANSITION METALS AND FREE-RADICAL FORMATION 75 2.4 GENERATION OF OXYGEN RADICALS FROM LIPIDS 76 2.5 FREE RADICAL GENERATION BY PHAGOCYTIC CELLS 77 DEFENCES AGAINST FREE RADICAL ATTACK 77 EVIDENCE FOR A ROLE FOR FREE RADICALS IN CNS DISEASES 77 4.1 CEREBRAL ISCHAEMIA 77 4.2 PARKINSON S DISEASE 78 4.3 FREE RADICALS AND ALZHEIMER S DISEASE AND DOWN S SYNDROME 78 4.4 AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS 79 4.5 FREE RADICALS AND NORMAL AGEING 79 5. PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF ANTIOXIDANTS 79 6. SUMMARY 80 7. REFERENCES 80 6. BENAL TRANSPLANTATION AND ISCHAEMIA*BEPERFUSION INJURY 85 COLIN J. GREEN 1. THE CLINICAL PROBLEM 85 2. RENAL ISCHAEMIA 85 3. CURRENT METHODS OF RENAL PRESERVATION 4. PRESUMED MECHANISMS OF ISCHAEMIC DAMAGE 86 5. OXIDATIVE STRESS 87 86 6. DELOCALIZATION OF IRON 88 7. LOSS OF CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS 89 8. SECOND MESSENGERS 91 9. RESPIRATORY CHAIN DYSFUNCTION 92 10. CONCLUSIONS 92 11. REFERENCES 93 7. A VASCULAR BASIS FOR FREE BADICAL INVOLVEMENT IN INFLAMMATORY JOINT DISEASE 97 MICHELE L. KUS, KEVIN FAIRBURN, DAVID BLAKE AND PAUL G. WINYARD 1. INTRODUCTION 98 2. MECHANISMS, ANTIOXIDANT DEFENCES AND CONSEQUENCES OF FREE-RADICAL PRODUCTION IN THE RHEUMATOID JOINT 98 2.1 MECHANISMS OF FREE-RADICAL FORMATION IN THE RHEUMATOID JOINT 98 3. 2.1.1 PHAGOCYTOSIS 98 2.1.2 FORMATION OF NITRIC OXIDE 99 2.1.3 HYPOXIC*REPERFUSION INJURY 99 2.2 ANTIOXIDANT DEFENCES AGAINST FREE- RADICAL DAMAGE IN THE HUMAN JOINT 100 2.2.1 ENZYMIC ANTIOXIDANTS 100 2.2.1.1 SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASES 100 4. 2.2.1.2 CATALASE 100 2.2.1.3 GLUTATHIONE AND GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE 101 2.2.2 LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT ANTIOXIDANTS 101 2.2.2.1 A-TOCOPHEROL 101 2.2.2.2 0-CAROTENE 101 5. 2.2.2.3 ASCORBATE 101 2.2.2.4 URATE 101 2.2.3 TRANSITION-METAL CHELATORS 102 2.2.3.1 TRANSFERRIN AND LACTOFERRIN 102 2.2.3.2 CAERULOPLASMIN 102 2.3 SOME BIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF ROM IN 6. THE RHEUMATOID JOINT 102 2.3.1 LIPID PEROXIDATION AND THE OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION OF LDL 102 7. 2.3.2 IGG DENATURATION 103 2.3.3 2.3.4 2.3.5 103 2.3.6 3.2 3.3 INACTIVATION OF AI-ANTITRYPSIN DNA DAMAGE 104 FRAGMENTATION OF HYALURONIC ACID 104 NF-XB ACTIVATION 104 LIPID ABNORMALITIES IN INFLAMMATORY JOINT DISEASE 105 3.1 HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA AND INFLAMMATORY ARTHRITIS 105 LIPOPROTEIN (A) AND RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 105 DEPLETION OF LIPID-ASSOCIATED ANTIOXIDANTS IN THE RHEUMATOID JOINT 105 FORMATION OF OX-LDL IN THE INFLAMED HUMAN JOINT 106 4.1 POSSIBLE MECHANISMS OF LDL OXIDATION IN THE RA JOINT 106 4.1.1 15-LIPOXYGENASE AND PHOSPHOLIPASE A 2 106 4.1.2 DEGRADATION OF CAERULOPLASMIN 106 POTENTIAL PRO-INFLAMMATORY INFLUENCES OF OX- LDL IN RA 107 5.1 CYTOKINE EXPRESSION 107 EXPRESSION OF ADHESION MOLECULES 107 CYTOTOXICITY 107 ANTI-LIPOPROTEIN ANTIBODIES IN RA 107 FOAM-CELL FORMATION 108 CHAIN-BREAKING ANTIOXIDANTS AS THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS IN HUMAN INFLAMMATORY DISEASES - A CAUTIONARY NOTE 108 REFERENCES 109 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 VIII CONTENTS 8. BEACTIVE OXYGEN SPECKS IN SKIN INFLAMMATION 113 CHRISTOPHER J. MORRIS, CHARLES W. TRENAM AND JOHN R. EARL 1. INTRODUCTION 113 2. ANTIOXIDANT DEFENCE MECHANISMS ,114 3. CATALYTIC IRON AND ITS SOURCES 116 4. ULTRAVIOLET-INDUCED SKIN INFLAMMATION 117 4.1 ROLE OF PHAGOCYTES 118 5. LIPID PEROXIDATION 118 6. XANTHINE OXIDASE 119 7. NITRIC OXIDE 119 8. REFERENCES 120 9. FREE RADICALS, INFLAMMATION AND EYE DISEASES 127 M. GOSS-SAMPSON, A.J. VIVIAN AND F.J. KELLY 1. INTRODUCTION 127 2. CORNEA 128 3. AQUEOUS HUMOUR 129 4. LENS 130 5. VITREOUS HUMOUR 133 6. RETINA 134 6.1 RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY 7. UVEITIS 138 8. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 139 9. REFERENCES 139 136 A COLOUR PLATE SECTION APPEARS BETWEEN PAGES 142*143. 10. FREE RADICALS IN GASTROINTESTINAL AND HEPATIC DISEASE 143 NICOLA J. SIMMONDS 1. INTRODUCTION 143 2. INVOLVEMENT OF FREE RADICALS IN THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE 144 2.1 STOMACH AND DUODENUM 144 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.2 SMALL 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.3 COLON 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.3 INCREASED PRODUCTION OF FREE RADICALS 144 PRODUCTION OF MUCOSAL DAMAGE 145 EFFECTS OF ANTIOXIDANTS 145 CONCLUSIONS 146 BOWEL 146 ISCHAEMIA-REPERFUSION 146 NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS 147 RADIATION ENTERITIS 147 147 INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE 147 ISCHAEMIC COLITIS 152 BEHCET S DISEASE 152 2.4 PANCREAS 152 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 INCREASED PRODUCTION OF FREE RADICALS 152 PRODUCTION OF CELL DAMAGE 153 EFFECTS OF ANTIOXIDANTS 153 2.4.4 2.5 LIVER 2.5.1 2.5.2 2.5.3 2.5.4 2.5.5 2.5.6 2.5.7 2.5.8 CONCLUSIONS 153 153 ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE 154 PARACETAMOL-INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE 156 IMMUNE-MEDIATED LIVER DAMAGE 156 CHOLESTATIC LIVER DISEASE 156 IRON OVERLOAD (HAEMOCHROMATBSIS) 157 ISCHAEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY AND LIVER TRANSPLANTATION 157 XENOBIOTIC LIVER INJURY 158 NITRIC OXIDE IN LIVER DISEASE 15! 3. FREE RADICALS AND CARCINOGENESIS IN THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT 159 3.1 GASTRIC 3.2 COLON : CANCER 159 CANCER 159 3.3 HEPATOCELLULAR CANCER 160 4. CONCLUSION! 5. REFERENCES I 160 160 11. FREE RADICALS, MUSCLE FATIGUE AND DAMAGE 175 M.J. JACKSON, A. MCARDLE AND S. O FARRELL 1. INTRODUCTION 175 2. EXERCISE 175 3. FREE RADICALS AND MUSCLE FATIGUE 176 4. FREE RADICALS AND EXERCISE-INDUCED MUSCLE DAMAGE 178 5. ISCHAEMIA/REPERFUSION DAMAGE TO MUSCLE 6. MUSCLE DISEASES 180 7. REFERENCES 180 180 CONTENTS IX 12. FREE BADICALS, OXIDATIVE STRESS AND DIABETES MELLITUS 183 ALAN J. SINCLAIR AND JOSEPH LUNEC 1. INTRODUCTION 183 1.1 THE VASCULAR LESION IN DIABETES 183 2. FREE RADICALS AND DIABETES MELLITUS 184 3. FREE RADICALS AND ISLET CELLS IN DIABETES 187 4. CRITERIA FOR A ROLE OF FREE RADICALS IN DIABETIC VASCULAR DISEASE 188 5. MECHANISMS OF FREE-RADICAL DAMAGE IN DIABETES 189 5.1 NON-ENZYMATIC GLYCOSYLATION OF PROTEIN 189 6. 7. 8. 5.2 SORBITOL (POLYOL) PATHWAY 190 5.3 FREE RADICALS AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS 191 5.4 OTHER MECHANISMS OF TISSUE DAMAGE IN DIABETES INVOLVING FREE RADICALS 193 STRATEGIES TO MODULATE FREE-RADICAL ACTIVITY IN DIABETIC VASCULAR DISEASE 193 FUTURE STUDIES 194 REFERENCES 195 13. DNA DAMAGE BY FREE BADICALS: CARCINOGENIC IMPLICATIONS 199 OKEZIE I. ARUOMA AND BARRY HALLIWELL 1. INTRODUCTION 199 2. DNA AS A TARGET OF FREE-RADICAL DAMAGE 200 3. POSSIBLE MECHANISMS OF DNA DAMAGE INDUCED BY OXIDATIVE STRESS 201 4. THE PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DNA DAMAGE INDUCED BY OXIDATIVE STRESS: CARCINOGENIC IMPLICATIONS 202 5. PROBING THE MECHANISM OF DNA DAMAGE IN CELLS EXPOSED TO OXIDATIVE STRESS: CURRENT STATUS 203 6. MEASUREMENT OF 8-HYDROXYGUANINE AND 8- HYDROXYDEOXYGUANOSINE 205 6.1 HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY 205 8. 9. 6.2 GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY*MASS SPECTROMETRY 206 6.3 COMPARISON OF THE HPLC AND GC-MS METHODS 207 6.3.1 SOME COMMENTS ON THE DISCREPANCY 207 6.3.2 CAN HPLC UNDERESTIMATE 8-OH-DGUA? 209 6.3.3 ARTEFACTS IN GC-MS TECHNIQUES? 209 ANTIOXIDANT THERAPY: POINTS FOR CONSIDERATION 209 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 210 REFERENCES 210 14. FREE BADICALS IN LUNG INFLAMMATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE TO POLLUTANTS 215 M. YEADON INTRODUCTION 215 ENDOGENOUS SOURCES OF ROS IN THE LUNG 216 EXOGENOUS SOURCES OF ROS IN THE LUNG 217 ANTIOXIDANT DEFENCE SYSTEMS IN THE LUNG 218 PULMONARY TARGETS OF ROS 218 LUNG EPITHELIUM AND AIRWAY REACTIVITY 219 8. OXIDANT STRESS AND LIPID MEDIATORS 9. ROS AND AIRWAY MUCUS 225 10. ROS IN HUMAN LUNG DISEASES AND THERAPEUTICS 225 11. CONCLUDING REMARKS 227 12. REFERENCES 227 223 15. FREE BADICALS AND LIVER INJURY 233 KEVIN H. CHEESEMAN 1. INTRODUCTION 233 2. LIVER STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 233 3. FREE RADICALS IN EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL LIVER INJURY 234 3.1 CARBON TETRACHLORIDE-INDUCED LIVER INJURY 234 3.2 ETHANOL-INDUCED LIVER INJURY 237 3.3 IRON OVERLOAD AND LIVER INJURY 238 3.4 POLYHALOGENATED AROMATIC CHEMICALS, IRON AND HEPATIC PORPHYRIA 239 3.5 PEROXISOME PROLIFERATORS 240 3.6 PARACETAMOL-INDUCED LIVER INJURY 240 3.7 QUINONES, HYDROPEROXIDASES AND RELATED EXPERIMENTAL AGENTS 241 X CONTENTS 3.8 COMMON THREADS AND DISCREPANCIES 241 3.9 REPERFUSION INJURY IN LIVER ALLOGRAFTS 241 3.10 ISCHAEMIC HEPATITIS 243 4. CONCLUDING REMARKS 243 5. DEDICATION 243 6. REFERENCES 243 16. THE CONIOSES: ORGANOTYPIC INFLAMMATORY OXIDATIVE BESPONSES TO ENVIRONMENTAL PANICULATE POLLUTANTS 247 PETER H. EVANS 1. INTRODUCTION 247 2. THE CONIOSES: ORGANOTYPIC RESPONSES TO PARTICULATE-INDUCED INJURY 248 2.1 LUNG 248 DIRECT FREE-RADICAL PANICULATE REACTIONS 248 PHAGOCYTE-DERIVED FREE RADICALS 249 OXIDATIVE EFFECTS 250 MODULATORY ACTIONS 250 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 251 2.2 2.1.5 CO-CARCINOGENESIS GUT 251 2.2.1 CANCER 251 2.2.2 INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE 251 2.2.3 PARTICLE MIGRATION 251 2.3 SKIN 251 2.4 JOINTS 252 2.5 BRAIN 252 2.5.1 CANCER 252 2.5.2 ALZHEIMER S DISEASE 252 3. ANTIOXIDANT DEFENCE MECHANISMS AND THERAPY 254 3.1 PHYSIOLOGICAL 254 3.2 NUTRITIONAL 254 3.3 PHARMACOLOGICAL 254 4. CONCLUSION 255 5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 256 6. REFERENCES 256 17. BEACTIVE OXYGEN: BECENT THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTION STRATEGIES 263 JILL A. PANETTA AND JOHN M. MCCALL 1. INTRODUCTION 263 2. ENZYME-RELATED THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES 265 2.1 NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE 266 3. ENDOGENOUS ANTIOXIDANTS/DERIVATIVES 267 4. EXOGENOUS ANTIOXIDANTS 268 4.1 STEROIDS 268 4.2 PHENOLS 269 5. 6. 7. 4.3 SPIN TRAPS 270 4.4 ANTIOXIDANT HETEROCYCLES 271 4.5 IRON REDOX CYCLE MODIFIERS 272 INFLAMMATORY CASCADE 273 CONCLUSION 273 REFERENCES 274 GLOSSARY 279 KEY TO ILLUSTRATIONS 289 INDEX 295
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id DE-604.BV010570350
illustrated Illustrated
indexdate 2024-07-09T17:55:12Z
institution BVB
isbn 0121035204
language English
oai_aleph_id oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-007045716
oclc_num 438656451
open_access_boolean
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physical XIII, 301 S. Ill., graph. Darst.
publishDate 1995
publishDateSearch 1995
publishDateSort 1995
publisher Acad. Press
record_format marc
series2 The handbook of immunopharmacology
spelling Immunopharmacology of free radical species ed. by David Blake ...
London [u.a.] Acad. Press 1995
XIII, 301 S. Ill., graph. Darst.
txt rdacontent
n rdamedia
nc rdacarrier
The handbook of immunopharmacology
ANTIOKSIDANTI
OKSIDANTI - škodljivi učinki
PROSTI RADIKALI
REAKTIVNE OBLIKE KISIKA
ANTIOXIDANTS
FREE RADICALS
OXIDANTS adverse effects
REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES
Immunpharmakologie (DE-588)4026639-4 gnd rswk-swf
Freies Radikal (DE-588)4137149-5 gnd rswk-swf
(DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content
Freies Radikal (DE-588)4137149-5 s
Immunpharmakologie (DE-588)4026639-4 s
DE-604
Blake, David Sonstige oth
GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007045716&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle Immunopharmacology of free radical species
ANTIOKSIDANTI
OKSIDANTI - škodljivi učinki
PROSTI RADIKALI
REAKTIVNE OBLIKE KISIKA
ANTIOXIDANTS
FREE RADICALS
OXIDANTS adverse effects
REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES
Immunpharmakologie (DE-588)4026639-4 gnd
Freies Radikal (DE-588)4137149-5 gnd
subject_GND (DE-588)4026639-4
(DE-588)4137149-5
(DE-588)4143413-4
title Immunopharmacology of free radical species
title_auth Immunopharmacology of free radical species
title_exact_search Immunopharmacology of free radical species
title_full Immunopharmacology of free radical species ed. by David Blake ...
title_fullStr Immunopharmacology of free radical species ed. by David Blake ...
title_full_unstemmed Immunopharmacology of free radical species ed. by David Blake ...
title_short Immunopharmacology of free radical species
title_sort immunopharmacology of free radical species
topic ANTIOKSIDANTI
OKSIDANTI - škodljivi učinki
PROSTI RADIKALI
REAKTIVNE OBLIKE KISIKA
ANTIOXIDANTS
FREE RADICALS
OXIDANTS adverse effects
REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES
Immunpharmakologie (DE-588)4026639-4 gnd
Freies Radikal (DE-588)4137149-5 gnd
topic_facet ANTIOKSIDANTI
OKSIDANTI - škodljivi učinki
PROSTI RADIKALI
REAKTIVNE OBLIKE KISIKA
ANTIOXIDANTS
FREE RADICALS
OXIDANTS adverse effects
REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES
Immunpharmakologie
Freies Radikal
Aufsatzsammlung
url http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007045716&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv AT blakedavid immunopharmacologyoffreeradicalspecies