Plant stems physiology and functional morphology
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| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
San Diego [und 6 weitere]
Academic Press
1995
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Physiological ecology
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Plant stems |b physiology and functional morphology |c edited by Barbara L. Gartner |
| 264 | 1 | |a San Diego [und 6 weitere] |b Academic Press |c 1995 | |
| 300 | |a XVI, 440 Seiten |b Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| DE-BY-TUM_call_number | 1002/BIO 460f 10.1996 A 424 |
|---|---|
| DE-BY-TUM_katkey | 732856 |
| DE-BY-TUM_media_number | 040002415092 |
| _version_ | 1816711729124474880 |
| adam_text | Plant Stems: Physiology
and Functional
Morphology
Edited by
Barbara L Gartner
Department of Forest Products
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon
Academic Press
San Diego New York Boston London Sydney Tokyo Toronto
Contents
Contributors xi
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xvi
Part I
Roles of Stem Architecture in Plant Performance
1 Plant Stems: Biomechanicai Adaptation for Energy Capture and
Influence on Species Distributions
Thomas J Givnish
I Introduction 3
II Constraints on Optimal Stem Allocation, Form, and Growth
Dynamics 4
III Energetic Trade-offs and Predicted Trends 10
IV Conclusion and Coda 39
References 41
2 Opportunities and Constraints in the Placement of Flowers
and Fruits
Donald M Waller and David A Steingraeber
I Introduction 51
II Adaptive Opportunities in Flower and Fruit Placement 52
III Functional Constraints on Reproduction 58
IV Biomechanicai Factors Influencing the Placement of Flowers
and Fruits 62
V Can Flower Placement Constrain Stem or Shoot Growth? 64
VI How Are Flower Types Influenced by Flower Placement? 65
VII Prospects for Furdier Research: Exploring Trade-offs 67
References 68
Vi Contents
3 Biomechanicai Optimum in Woody Stems
Claus Mattheck
I Trees as Sailboats 75
II Human-Made Engineering Design versus Grown Biomechanicai
Design 76
III Opdmum Mechanical Design 77
IV The Design Principle in Trees 79
V Safety Factors 84
VI Relevance of Hollow Spaces and Cavities to Safety of Trees 85
VII Repair of die Damaged Optimum 87
VIII Summary 88
References 89
4 Shrub Stems: Form and Function
Brayton F Wilson
I Introduction 91
II Stem Hydraulics and Adaptations to Drought 93
III Stem Height and Form 94
IV Architectural Strategies 96
V Future Areas for Research 99
References 99
Partn
Roles of Stems in Transport and Storage of Water
5 Limitations on Stem Water Transport and Their
Consequences
John S Sperry
I Introduction 105
II Importance of Stem Water Transport 105
III Limits on Stem Water Transport: Cavitation 107
IV Freezing and Cavitation 107
V Water Stress and Cavitation 112
VI Conclusions 120
References 120
6 Patterns of Xylem Variation within a Tree and Their Hydraulic
and Mechanical Consequences
Barbara L Gartner
I Introduction 125
II Typical Patterns of Xylem Variation 126
III Variation in Water Transport 130
Contents VM
IV Variation in Stresses, Structure, and Density 136
V Conclusions 144
References 145
7 Stem Water Storage
N MicheleHolbrook
I Introduction 151
II Approaches to Studying Stem Water Storage 152
III Structural Features Influencing Stem Water Storage 156
IV Ecological Significance of Stem Water Storage 164
V Conclusions and Directions for Future Research 169
References 169
Partm
Roles of live Stem Cells in Plant Performance
8 Role of Stems in Transport, Storage, and Circulation of Ions and
Metabolites by the Whole Plant
John S Pate and W Dieter Jeschke
I Introduction 177
II Anatomical Features of Stems in Relation to Storage and Internal
Exchanges between Transport Channels 178
III Modeling Empirically the Role Played by Stems in Partitioning, Storage,
and Utilization of Specific Nutrient Elements 182
IV Case Studies 183
V Conclusions 201
References 202
9 The Low Profile Directors of Carbon and Nitrogen Economy in
Plants: Parenchyma Cells Associated with Translocation
Channels
AartJ E VanBel
I Introduction 205
II Channel-Associated Cells in Xylem: Involvement in
N Economy 206
in Channel-Associated Cells in Phloem: Background and Concept 210
IV Channel-Associated Cells in the Phloem Loading Zone: Loading
Mechanisms and Potential Consequences 216
V Channel-Associated Cells in Phloem Transport Zone 217
VI Ecological Strategies and Operation of Channel-Associated Cells 218
References 220
Viii Contents
10 Stem Photosynthesis: Extent, Patterns, and Role in Plant
Carbon Economy
ErikT Nilsen
I Introduction 223
II Extent of Stem Photosynthesis 226
III Nature of Stem Photosynthetic Apparatus 227
IV Ecophysiological Significance 234
V Summary and Goals for Future Research 236
References 238
11 Microflora and Microfauna on Stems and Trunks: Diversity, Food
Webs, and Effects on Plants
E R Ingham and A R Moldenke
I Introduction 241
II Organisms in die Food Web and Their Importance for Plant
Growth 242
III Organisms in die Food Web and Their Functions 244
IV Plant Surface Food Webs 245
V Stem Attack by Wood-Boring Insects 251
VI Conclusions 253
References 254
12 Developmental Potential of Shoot Buds
Joel P Stafstrom
I Introduction 257
II Ontogeny and Development of Vegetative Buds 258
III Biochemical and Cytological Changes during Bud Development 262
IV Patterns of Axillary Bud Development 267
V Plasticity of Developmental Potential 271
VI Summary: Development of Reserve Meristems 274
References 276
13 Hormonal Control of Radial and Longitudinal Growth
in the Tree Stem
C H Anthony Little and Richard P Pharis
I Introduction 281
II Identification, Metabolism, and Movement of Hormones 282
III Hormonal Control of Radial Growth 288
IV Hormonal Control of Longitudinal Growth 296
V Conclusions and Future Directions 303
References 305
Contents ix
PartIV
Rqles of Stems in Preventing or Reacting to Plant Injury
14 Stems and Fires
A Malcolm Gill
I Introduction 323
II Cell-Level Injury and Recovery 325
III Plant Level 333
IV Fire Injury and Invasions by Invertebrates and Fungi 338
V Conclusions 339
References 339
15 Response of Stem Growth and Function to Air Pollution
James A Weber and N E Grulke
I Introduction 343
II Types of Air Pollutants and Their Effects 343
III Evidence from Studies of Tree Rings 347
IV Effect of COj Enrichment on Stem Growdi in Trees 352
V Model of Air Pollutant Effects on Stem Growth 356
VI Conclusions 356
References 357
16 Chemical Antiherbivore Defense
John P Bryant and Kenneth F Raff a
I Introduction 365
II Mammals 365
III Bark Beetles 372
IV Conclusions 375
References 375
17 Stem Defense against Pathogens
Louis Shain
I Introduction 383
II Defense of Bark 384
III Defense of Sapwood 391
IV Defense of Heartwood 398
V Conclusions 399
References 401
X Contents
PartV
Synthesis
18 Stems in the Biology of the Tissue, Organism, Stand, and
Ecosystem
Thomas M Hinckley and Paul J Schulte
I The Nature of Stems 410
II Constraints on Capabilities and Functions of Stems 414
III Throwaway Concept 415
IV Stem Development 416
V The Stem as a Research Subject: Experimental Limitations 417
VI Function and Process Interactions 418
VII Trade-offs 420
VIII The Optimization Issue 421
IX Conclusions 423
References 425
Index 429
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| id | DE-604.BV010539006 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-11-25T17:14:19Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0122764609 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-007025692 |
| oclc_num | 246784618 |
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| physical | XVI, 440 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten |
| publishDate | 1995 |
| publishDateSearch | 1995 |
| publishDateSort | 1995 |
| publisher | Academic Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Physiological ecology |
| spellingShingle | Plant stems physiology and functional morphology Stamm Botanik (DE-588)4182864-1 gnd Funktionsmorphologie (DE-588)4155692-6 gnd Pflanzenphysiologie (DE-588)4045580-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4182864-1 (DE-588)4155692-6 (DE-588)4045580-4 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Plant stems physiology and functional morphology |
| title_auth | Plant stems physiology and functional morphology |
| title_exact_search | Plant stems physiology and functional morphology |
| title_full | Plant stems physiology and functional morphology edited by Barbara L. Gartner |
| title_fullStr | Plant stems physiology and functional morphology edited by Barbara L. Gartner |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plant stems physiology and functional morphology edited by Barbara L. Gartner |
| title_short | Plant stems |
| title_sort | plant stems physiology and functional morphology |
| title_sub | physiology and functional morphology |
| topic | Stamm Botanik (DE-588)4182864-1 gnd Funktionsmorphologie (DE-588)4155692-6 gnd Pflanzenphysiologie (DE-588)4045580-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Stamm Botanik Funktionsmorphologie Pflanzenphysiologie Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007025692&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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