Acetogenesis
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| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York u.a.
Chapman & Hall
1994
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| Schriftenreihe: | Chapman & Hall microbiology series
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Acetogenesis |c ed. by Harold L. Drake |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York u.a. |b Chapman & Hall |c 1994 | |
| 300 | |a XXI, 647 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
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| 490 | 0 | |a Chapman & Hall microbiology series | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Acetic acid |x Metabolism | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Acetylcoenzyme A | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Microbial metabolism | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819673992586330112 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | ACETOGENESIS
EDITED BY
Harold L Drake
CHAPMAN amp; HALL
New York • London
Contents
Dedication vii
Preface xvii
Contributors - xix
Part I: INTRODUCTION TO ACETOGENESIS
1 Acetogenesis, Acetogenic Bacteria, and the Acetyl-CoA
Wood/Ljungdahl Pathway: Past and Current Perspectives 3
Harold L Drake
1 Introduction: a brief reflection on Harland G Wood 3
2 Historical perspectives S
3 Definitions and usefulness of the terms acetogens and
acetogenesis 11
4 Acetogenic bacteria 14
5 The acetyl-CoA pathway: nuts and bolts of acetogenesis 25
6 The concept of critical enzymes in Co2 fixation and
chemolithoautotrophy 34
7 Regulation and genetics 35
8 Ecosystems and the acetyl-CoA pathway 37
9 Potential applications 42
10 Unresolved problems 44
11 References 45
x Contents
Part II: BIOCHEMISTRY AND ENERGETICS OF ACETOGENESIS
AND THE ACETYL-CoA PATHWAY
2 The Acetyl-CoA Pathway and the Chemiosmotic Generation
of ATP during Acetogenesis 63
Lars G Ljungdahl
1 Introduction and historical notes 63
2 Figuring out the wood acetyl-CoA pathway 63
3 The acetyl-CoA pathway: evolving of autotrophy 68
4 Electron carriers, membrane components, and ATPase of
C thermoaceticum and C thermoautotrophicum 71
5 Proton motive force and electron transport in membranes
of C thermoaceticum and C thermoautotrophicum 75
6 Concluding remarks 80
7 References 81
3 CO Dehydrogenase and the Central Role of This Enzyme in
the Fixation of Carbon Dioxide by Anaerobic Bacteria 88
Stephen W Ragsdale
1 Introduction 88
2 Summary of the acetyl-CoA pathway 89
3 Properties of CO dehydrogenase (CODH) 91
4 Enzymology of CODH/acetyl-CoA synthase 108
5 Summary of the reductive acetyl-CoA pathway 114
6 Involvement of CODH in the heterotrophic growth of
acetogens 115
7 CODH in other anaerobic autotrophs and organisms that
utilize acetate 116
8 Perspectives and future studies 117
9 References 119
4 The Sodium Ion Cycle in Acetogenic and Methanogenic Bacteria:
Generation and Utilization of a Primary Electrochemical Sodium
Ion Gradient 127
Volker Muller and Gerhard Gottschalk
1 Introduction 127
2 The acetyl-CoA pathway: a comparison of methanogenesis
and acetogenesis 128
3 Identification of a primary sodium ion pump coupled to
methanogenesis from formaldehyde + H2 132
Contents xi
4 Sodium ion dependence of acetate formation in
acetogenic bacteria 139
5 Generation of a primary sodium ion gradient during
acetogenesis 141
6 Functions of the electrochemical sodium ion gradient in
methanogenic and acetogenic bacteria 142
7 Distribution of the sodium ion-motive methyltransferase in
bacteria using the acetyl-CoA pathway 147
8 Concluding remarks 148
9 References 149
5 Energetics of Acetogenesis from C, Units 157
Gabriele Diekert and Gert Wohlfarth
1 Introduction to homoacetogenic bacteria 157
2 Energetics of acetate formation from CO2 160
3 Utilization of reduced Cl substrates 170
4 References 175
6 Corrinoid-Dependent Mechanism of Acetogenesis from Methanol 180
Erhard Stupperich
1 Introduction 180
2 Properties of corrinoids 182
3 Peculiarities of the Sporomusa corrinoid 184
4 Tentative reaction mechanism of the methanol activation 185
5 Experimental evidence for a corrinoid-dependent methanol
cleavage 188
6 Conclusion 190
7 References 191
Part III: ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION, AND PHYLOGENY
OF ACETOGENIC BACTERIA
7 Diversity, Ecology, and Isolation of Acetogenic Bacteria 197
Bernhard Schink
1 Introduction 197
2 Diversity of homoacetogenic bacteria 198
3 Ecology 211
4 Enrichment and isolation 221
5 Conclusions 226
6 References 227
xii Contents
j 8 Development of DNA Probes for the Detection and Identification
of Acetogenic Bacteria 236
Charles R Lovell
1 Introduction 236
2 Functional group specific acetogen probes 237
3 The acetogen functional group probe: prospects and problems 244
4 PCR amplification of acetogen specific DNA sequences 247
5 Prospects for future research 248
6 References 249
9 A Phylogenetic Assessment of the Acetogens 254
Ralph S Tanner and Carl R Woese
1 Introduction 254
2 Importance of phylogeny 254
3 Methodology 255
4 Phylogeny of the acetogens 258
5 Unanswered questions 263
6 References 266
Part IV: PHYSIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL POTENTIALS
OF ACETOGENIC BACTERIA
10 Acetogenesis: Reality in the Laboratory, Uncertainty Elsewhere 273
Harold L Drake, Steven L Daniel, Carola Matthies,
and Kirsten Kiisel
1 Introduction 273
2 Diverse reductant sinks: where electrons go laboratory cultures 273
3 Diverse origins of reductant: where electrons originate in
laboratory cultures 284
4 The distance between test tubes and the ecosystem 292
5 References 296
11 Acetogenesis from Carbon Dioxide in Termite Guts 303
John A Breznak
1 Introduction 303
2 Termites and their nutritional ecology 304
3 The discovery of H2/CO2 acetogenesis in termite guts 306
4 Characteristics of acetogenesis from CO2 by the gut
microbiota of termites 311
5 H2/CO2 acetogenic bacteria isolated from termite guts 317
6 Competition for H2 between termite gut microbes 321
Contents xiii
7 Concluding remarks 323
8 References 324
12 Acetogenesis and the Rumen: Syntrophic Relationships 331
Roderick I Mackie and Marvin P Bryant
1 Introduction 331
2 The rumen ecosystem 332
3 Isolation and characteristics of acetogens from the rumen 335
4 Metabolic activities involving acetogenesis 341
5 Factors affecting acetogenesis in the rumen 350
6 Potential and implications for ruminal manipulation of
acetogens 356
7 References 357
13 Acetogenesis from CO2 in the Human Colonic Ecosystem 365
Meyer J Wolin and Terry L Miller
1 Colonic fermentation 365
2 Evidence for CO2 acetogenesis 369
3 Pure culture studies 370
4 Magnitude of human CO2 acetogenesis 382
5 Fermentation and health 382
6 References 383
14 Syntrophic Acetate Oxidation and Reversible Acetogenesis 386
Stephen H Zinder
1 Introduction 386
2 Historical background 387
3 The thermophilic-acetate oxidizing coculture 391
4 The isolated acetate oxidizing rod (AOR) 398
5 Related examples of acetate oxidation via the Wood acetogenic
pathway in other organisms 404
6 Ecology of methanogenic acetate oxidation 406
7 Summary, conclusions, and unanswered questions 408
8 References 410
15 Acetogenesis at Low Temperature 416
Alia N Nozhevnikova, Oleg R Kotsyurbenko,
and Marija V Simankova
1 Introduction 416
2 Acetogenesis in pond sediment 417
3 Acetogenesis in tundra soil samples 422
x/V Contents
} 4 Acetogenesis during the anaerobic digestion of animal waste
at low temperature 423
5 Isolation of acetogenic bacteria from low temperature
environments 425
6 Conclusions 427
7 References 428
16 Halophilic Acetogenic Bacteria 432
George A Zavarzin, Tatjana N Zhilina, and Margarete A Pusheva
1 Introduction 432
2 Habitat and isolation of Acetohalobium 433
3 Characteristics of Acetohalobium 434
4 Extreme halophilic isolates 438
5 Postion of haloacetogens in the halophilic community 438
6 References 441
17 O-Demethylation and Other Transformations
of Aromatic Compounds by Acetogenic Bacteria 445
Anne Cornish Frazer
1 Introduction
2 O-demethylation
3 Reduction of phenylpropenoate side chain
4 Oxidation and reductive biotransformations of aromatic
alcohols, aldehydes, and acids
5 Decarboxylation of benzoic acid analogues
6 Mandelate decarboxylation
7 Hydroxylation
8 Concluding remarks
9 References
18 Acetate and the Potential of Homoacetogenic Bacteria
for Industrial Applications 484
Juergen Wiegel
1 Introduction 484
2 Aspects of using homoacetogens in industrial applications 486
3 Ca-Mg-Acetate (CMA) production with thermophilic
homoacetogens 496
4 Miscellaneous uses of acetogens 498
5 Conclusions 500
6 References 500
Contents xv
Part V: ACETOGENIC PROCESSES IN OTHER
BACTERIAL GROUPS
19 Variations of the Acetyl-CoA Pathway in Diversely Related
Microorganisms That Are Not Acetogens 507
Georg Fuchs
1 Introduction 507
2 Diverse functions of the acetyl-CoA pathway 508
3 Biochemical variations 510
4 Bioenergetic considerations 511
5 The acetyl-CoA pathway versus the citric acid cycle, a choice 514
6 Historic relationships 517
7 References 518
20 Autotrophic Acetyl Coenzyme A Biosynthesis in Methanogens 521
William B Whitman
1 Introduction: early studies 521
2 Demonstration that acetyl-CoA was the first product of
CO2 fixation 524
3 Carbon monoxide assimilation and production by whole cells 527
4 Enzymology of autotrophic CO2 fixation 529
5 Ljungdahl-Wood pathway in Methanococcus and other
methanogens 532
6 References 535
21 CO Dehydrogenase of Methanogens 539
James G Ferry
1 Introduction 539
2 Microbiology of methanogenesis 539
3 CO dehydrogenase and the physiology of methanogens 541
4 Biochemistry of CO dehydrogenases from methanogens 545
5 References 551
22 Occurrence and Function of the Acetyl-CoA Cleavage Pathway
in a Syntrophic Propionate-Oxidizing Bacterium 557
Alfons J M Stams and Caroline M Plugge
1 Degradation of organic matter in methanogenic ecosystems 557
2 Interspecies electron transfer - 557
3 Syntrophic propionate oxidation 558
4 Comparison with other anaerobic bacteria 564
5 References 564
xvi Contents
23 Acetate via Glycine: A Different Form of Acetogenesis 568
Jan R Andreesen
1 Introduction: common and different steps in both pathways
of acetogenesis 568
2 Conditions for acetogenesis via glycine 569
3 Enzymes specially involved in glycine metabolism 581
4 Enzymes involved in THF-dependent one-carbon metabolism
and acetogenesis 601
5 Ancillary enzymes involved in the formation of glycine 606
6 Conclusions 608
7 References 609
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-23T13:48:29Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0412032112 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XXI, 647 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1994 |
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| publishDateSort | 1994 |
| publisher | Chapman & Hall |
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| series2 | Chapman & Hall microbiology series |
| spellingShingle | Acetogenesis Acetic acid Metabolism Acetylcoenzyme A Microbial metabolism Physiologie (DE-588)4045981-0 gnd Essigsäurebakterien (DE-588)4153054-8 gnd Stoffwechsel (DE-588)4057699-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4045981-0 (DE-588)4153054-8 (DE-588)4057699-1 |
| title | Acetogenesis |
| title_auth | Acetogenesis |
| title_exact_search | Acetogenesis |
| title_full | Acetogenesis ed. by Harold L. Drake |
| title_fullStr | Acetogenesis ed. by Harold L. Drake |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acetogenesis ed. by Harold L. Drake |
| title_short | Acetogenesis |
| title_sort | acetogenesis |
| topic | Acetic acid Metabolism Acetylcoenzyme A Microbial metabolism Physiologie (DE-588)4045981-0 gnd Essigsäurebakterien (DE-588)4153054-8 gnd Stoffwechsel (DE-588)4057699-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Acetic acid Metabolism Acetylcoenzyme A Microbial metabolism Physiologie Essigsäurebakterien Stoffwechsel |
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