Tropical archaeobotany applications and new developments
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| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London [u.a.]
Routledge
1994
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schriftenreihe: | One world archaeology
22 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Tropical archaeobotany |b applications and new developments |c ed. by Jon G. Hather |
| 250 | |a 1. publ. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a London [u.a.] |b Routledge |c 1994 | |
| 300 | |a XIX, 270 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a One world archaeology |v 22 | |
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| 650 | 7 | |a Arqueologia e botanica |2 larpcal | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Plantaardige resten |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Plantes tropicales - Histoire |2 ram | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Plant remains (Archaeology) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Tropical plants | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| DE-BY-UBR_call_number | 50/NF 1128 H363 |
|---|---|
| DE-BY-UBR_katkey | 2092844 |
| DE-BY-UBR_location | 50 |
| DE-BY-UBR_media_number | 069003175187 |
| _version_ | 1822726114819178496 |
| adam_text | TROPICAL
ARCHAEOBOTANY
Applications and new
developments
Edited by
Jon G Hather
Institute of Archaeology, University College London
London and New York
Contents
List of contributors page xiii
Foreword Jack Golson amp; Peter Ucko xiv
Preface xx
Introduction 1
Jon G Hather
The archaeobotanical species problem 2
Tropical archaeobotany: applications and new developments 4
References 7
1 Wood charcoals from tropical sites: a contribution to methodology
and interpretation 9
G B Thompson
Introduction 9
Wood in archaeological contexts 9
Preservation of archaeological wood 9
Archaeological interpretation from charcoals 10
Methodological considerations 11
Taphonomic factors affecting the archaeological wood record 11
Charcoal identification 11
Wood charcoal analysis at Khok Phanom Di 12
The site 12
The Khok Phanom Di charcoal samples 14
Possible sources of charcoal at Khok Phanom Di 14
Production and curation of a reference collection 16
Quantifying wood charcoal assemblages 17
Sample size 18
Results 20
Fragmentation bias 22
Towards interpretation 23
Discussion 23
viii CONTENTS
Firewood use by modern mangrove dwellers 24
Charcoal assemblage composition 24
Wood charcoal distribution 26
Charcoal density and composition considered together 26
Conclusions 28
Acknowledgements 29
References 29
2 Archaeobotanical investigations on a multicultural site at Adam,
Maharashtra, with special reference to the development of tropical
agriculture in parts of India 34
Mukund D Kajale
Introduction 34
Neolithic 36
Chalcolithic 37
Harappan 37
Ochre Coloured Pottery period 37
Iron Age Megalithic 37
Painted Grey Ware period 37
Protohistoric 37
Early Historic 37
Medieval 38
Present-day agriculture 38
Nature of the botanical findings 39
Results 40
Microlithic period 40
Chalcolithic period 40
Iron Age 41
Pre-Mauryan period 41
Mauryan period 41
Bhadra period 45
Satavahana period 45
Maharati period 46
Discussion and conclusions 46
Acknowledgements 47
References 48
3 The identification of charred root and tuber crops from archaeological
sites in the Pacific 51
Jon G Hather
Introduction 51
Materials and methods 52
Experimentally charred tissues 53
Stained thin sections 53
Archaeological material 53
Results 54
CONTENTS ix
Experimental results 54
Archaeological results 55
Dioscorea bulbifera (Dioscoreaceae) 55
Cordyline terminalis (Liliaceae) 57
Ipomoea batatas (Convolvulaceae) 59
Discussion 60
Acknowledgements 62
References 62
Dietary evidence from the intestinal contents of ancient humans
with particular reference to desiccated remains from northern Chile 66
Timothy G Holden
Introduction 66
Gut contents as archaeological assemblages 68
The composition of intestinal residues 68
Human digestion 68
Food taphonomy 69
Methodology 72
Sampling 72
Rehydration 72
Sieving, sorting and identification 73
Quantification 74
Archaeological samples from northern Chile 75
El Morro 75
Tulan quebrada 79
Conclusions 80
Acknowledgements 81
References 81
Methods in the analysis of starch residues on prehistoric stone tools 86
Thomas H Loy
Introduction 86
Starch grains and their diagnostic properties 88
Reference collections, contamination and caveats 95
Screening and verification of starch residues 97
Identification of species of origin using grain morphology 100
Methods of morphological analysis 101
Summary of morphology 104
Numerical and graphic analysis 106
Conclusions 107
References 111
CONTENTS
Investigating New World tropical agriculture: contributions from
phytolith analysis 115
Deborah M Pearsall
Introduction 115
Nature and production of phytoliths 115
Archaeological phytolith analysis 117
Recent phytolith research in lowland Ecuador 119
Identifying maize 120
Reconstructing subsistence in the lowland tropics 122
Esmeraldas Province 123
Manabi Province 127
Discussion 129
Conclusions 133
References 135
The prospects and problems of using palynology to trace the origins
of tropical agriculture: the case of Southeast Asia 139
Bernard K Maloney
Introduction 139
Possible Southeast Asian cultivars 141
The aerobiological and surface sample record 141
The Southeast Asian fossil pollen record 146
Almost certain cultivars 146
Less certain cultivars 149
Root crops 151
Summary 151
Pollen from archaeological sites 151
Cultivar pollen types which might be recognized with
further study 153
The weed pollen record 155
The potential value of new methods 157
An unconventional approach to pollen counting 157
Fine resolution pollen analysis 158
Other refinements 159
Phytoliths 159
Plant macrofossils 160
Carbonized particles 160
Dating 161
Palynofacies analysis 162
Improved techniques for recovering pollen from cave sediments 162
Conclusions 163
References 165
CONTENTS xi
Anthropogenic indicators in pollen diagrams: problems and
prospects for late Quaternary palynology in New Guinea 172
Simon Haberle
Introduction
Pollen diagrams from New Guinea
High-altitude pollen sites and the chronology of climatic change
The record of human disturbance in the highland valleys
The lowlands of New Guinea
Anthropogenic indicators in Quaternary sediments
Pollen indicator types
Nothofagus
Grass pollen
Casuarina
Pandanus
Ipomoea, Colocasia and other crop pollen
Carbonized particles
Stratigraphic change
Geological factors
Climatic factors
Human factors
Discussion
Mineral magnetic and element analysis
Phytolith and diatom analysis
Further prospects
Acknowledgements
References
Pollen in Polynesia: the use of palynology to detect human activity
in the Pacific islands
J R Flenley
Introduction
Pacific palynology
Results
Easter Island
Tahiti and Moorea
The Cook Islands
New Zealand
Hawai i
Fiji
Galapagos
Discussion
References
xii CONTENTS
10 Chemosystematics in archaeology: a preliminary study of the use
of chromatography and spectrophotometry in the identification of
four prehistoric root crop species from the desert coast of Peru 215
Donald Ugent
Introduction 215
Materials 216
Methods 216
Paper chromatography 217
Thin layer chromatography 218
Spectrophotometry 219
Results 219
Discussion 223
Conclusions 226
References 226
11 Protein and lipid analysis of food residues 227
Barry Fankhauser
Introduction 227
Lipids 228
Proteins 228
Lipids and proteins in the archaeological record 230
Materials and methods 233
Reagents 233
Amino acid analysis 233
Lipid analysis 237
Discussion of methods 239
Amino acid analysis 239
Fatty acid analysis 243
Conclusions 246
References 246
12 The genetics of agriculture: DNA variation in taro and yam 251
Peter Matthews amp; Ryohei Terauchi
Introduction 251
Materials and methods 252
Observations 254
Colocasia esculenta 254
Dioscorea bulbifera 257
Discussion 257
Colocasia esculenta 257
Dioscorea bulbifera 257
Conclusions 260
References 261
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| series | One world archaeology |
| series2 | One world archaeology |
| spellingShingle | Tropical archaeobotany applications and new developments One world archaeology Archeologische aspecten gtt Archéobotanique ram Arqueologia (teoria e metodos) larpcal Arqueologia e botanica larpcal Plantaardige resten gtt Plantes tropicales - Histoire ram Plant remains (Archaeology) Tropical plants Archäobotanik (DE-588)4211318-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4211318-0 (DE-588)4060997-2 (DE-588)1071861417 |
| title | Tropical archaeobotany applications and new developments |
| title_auth | Tropical archaeobotany applications and new developments |
| title_exact_search | Tropical archaeobotany applications and new developments |
| title_full | Tropical archaeobotany applications and new developments ed. by Jon G. Hather |
| title_fullStr | Tropical archaeobotany applications and new developments ed. by Jon G. Hather |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tropical archaeobotany applications and new developments ed. by Jon G. Hather |
| title_short | Tropical archaeobotany |
| title_sort | tropical archaeobotany applications and new developments |
| title_sub | applications and new developments |
| topic | Archeologische aspecten gtt Archéobotanique ram Arqueologia (teoria e metodos) larpcal Arqueologia e botanica larpcal Plantaardige resten gtt Plantes tropicales - Histoire ram Plant remains (Archaeology) Tropical plants Archäobotanik (DE-588)4211318-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Archeologische aspecten Archéobotanique Arqueologia (teoria e metodos) Arqueologia e botanica Plantaardige resten Plantes tropicales - Histoire Plant remains (Archaeology) Tropical plants Archäobotanik Tropen Konferenzschrift 1990 Barquisimeto |
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