Plant physiology
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Belmont, Calif.
Wadsworth
1985
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| Ausgabe: | 3. ed. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Wadsworth biology series
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| 100 | 1 | |a Salisbury, Frank B. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Plant physiology |c Frank B. Salisbury ; Cleon W. Ross |
| 250 | |a 3. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Belmont, Calif. |b Wadsworth |c 1985 | |
| 300 | |a XV, 540 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
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| 490 | 0 | |a Wadsworth biology series | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Fisiología vegetal | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Pflanzenphysiologie |0 (DE-588)4045580-4 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Ross, Cleon W. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
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| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-006160456 | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819663754291314688 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
THIRD EDITION
Frank B Salisbury
Utah State University
Cleon W Ross
Colorado State University
Wadsworth Publishing Company
Belmont, California
A Division of Wadsworth, Inc
Contents in Brief
Prologue Plant Physiology and Plant Cells 1
Section One
Water, Solutions, and Surfaces
1 Diffusion and Water Potential 18
2 Osmosis 33
3 The Photosynthesis-Transpiration
Compromise 54
4 The Ascent of Sap 75
5 Mineral Nutrition 96
6 Absorption of Mineral Salts 114
7 Transport in the Phloem - 135
Section Two
Plant Biochemistry
8 Enzymes, Proteins, and Amino Acids 164
9 Photosynthesis: Chloroplasts and Light 179
10 Carbon Dioxide Fixation and
Carbohydrate Synthesis 195
11 Photosynthesis: Environmental and
Agricultural Aspects 216
12 Respiration 229
13 Assimilation of Nitrogen and Sulfur 251
14 Lipids and Other Natural Products 268
Section Three
Plant Development
15 Growth and Development 290
16 Hormones and Growth Regulators:
Auxins and Gibberellins 309
f
17 Hormones and Growth Regulators:
Cytokinins, Ethylene, Abscisic Acid, and
Other Compounds 330
18 Differential Growth and Differentiation 350
19 Photomorphogenesis 374
20 The Biological Clock 392
21 Growth Responses to Temperature 409
22 Photoperiodism 426
Section Four
Environmental Physiology
23 Topics in Environmental Physiology 448
24 Stress Physiology 468
Appendix A The Systeme Internationale:
The Use of SI Units in Plant
Physiology 491
Appendix B Radiant Energy: Some
Definitions 495
Appendix C Gene Duplication and Protein
Synthesis: Terms and Concepts 502
Literature Cited 505
Indexes 529
Contents in Detail
Preface vii
Prologue Plant Physiology and Plant Cells 1
P l Some Basic Postulates 1
P 2 Prokaryotic Cells: Bacteria and Blue-green
Algae 3
P 3 Eukaryotic Cells: Protist, Fungal, and
Plant 4
P4A Definition of Life 15
Section One
Water, Solutions, and Surfaces
1 Diffusion and Water Potential 18
1 1 Plants and Water 18
1 2 Bulk Flow and Diffusion 22
1 3 Kinetic Theory 23
14A Model of Diffusion 24
1 5 Thermodynamics 25
1 6 Chemical and Water Potential Gradients 28
1 7 Vapor Density, Vapor Pressure, and
Water Potential 30
1 8 The Rate of Diffusion 31
2 Osmosis 33
2 1 An Osmotic System 33
2 2 The Components of Water Potential 35
2 3 Units for Water Potential 36
2 4 Dilution 38
2 5 The Membrane 38
2 6 Measuring the Components of Water
Potential 39
BOX ESSAY Colloids: Characteristic
Components of Protoplasm 49
BOX ESSAY Pursuing the Questions of
Soil-Plant Atmosphere Water Relations
by Ralph O Slayter 51
3 The Photosynthesis-Transpiration
Compromise 54
3 1 Measurement of Transpiration 54
3 2 The Paradox of Pores 56
3 3 Stomatal Mechanics 57
3 4 Stomatal Mechanisms 60
3 5 The Role of Transpiration: Water Stress 63
BOX ESSAY Calculating C02 Fluxes into
Leaves by Bruce G Bugbee 64
3 6 The Role of Transpiration: Energy
Exchange 66
BOX ESSAY Ventilation in Waterlillies: A
Biological Steam Engine by John Dacey 68
3 7 Plant Energy Exchange in Ecosystems 73
4 The Ascent of Sap 75
4 1 The Problem 75
4 2 The Cohesion Mechanism of the Ascent
of Sap 77
4 3 The Anatomy of the Pathway 78
4 4 The Driving Force: A Water-Potential
Gradient 84
4 5 Tension in the Xylem: Cohesion 88
BOX ESSAY Studying Water, Minerals,
and Roots by Paul J Kramer 93
4 6 Xylem Anatomy: A Fail-Safe System 94
5 Mineral Nutrition 96
5 1 The Elements in Plant Dry Matter 96
5 2 Methods of Studying Plant Nutrition:
Solution Cultures 97
5 3 The Essential Elements 99
BOX ESSAY Selenium 102
5 4 Quantitative Requirements and Tissue
Analysis 102
BOX ESSAY Metal Toxicity 104
5 5 Chelating Agents 104
5 6 Functions of Essential Elements: Some
Principles 105
5 7 Nutrient Deficiency Symptoms and
Some Functions of Essential Elements 106
BOX ESSAY Salinity and Agriculture:
Problems and Solutions by Murray
Nabors 110
6 Absorption of Mineral Salts 114
6 1 Roots as Absorbing Surfaces 114
6 2 Mycorrhizae 116
6 3 Soils and Their Mineral Elements^ 118
6 4 Ion Traffic into the Root 119
6 5 The Nature of Membranes 121
6 6 Some Principles of Solute Absorption 125
6 7 Characteristics of Solute Absorption * 126
6 8 General Mechanisms of Solute
Absorption 130
7 Transport in the Phloem 135
7 1 Transport of Organic Solutes 135
7 2 The Pressure-Flow Mechanism 138
7 3 Testing the Hypothesis 140
BOX ESSAY A Review of Carbohydrate
Chemistry 146
BOX ESSAY The Specificity of the
Phloem Loading System by John E
Hendrix 158
7 4 Partitioning and Control Mechanisms 159
Section Two
Plant Biochemistry
8 Enzymes, Proteins, and Amino
Acids 164
8 1 Enzymes in Cells 165
8 2 Properties of Enzymes 165
8 3 Mechanisms of Enzyme Action 171
8 4 Denaturation 173
8 5 Factors Influencing Rates of Enzymatic
Reactions 173
BOX ESSAY Plant Proteins and Human
Nutrition 176
8 6 Allosteric Enzymes and Feedback
Control 177
9 Photosynthesis: Chloroplasts and
Light 179
9 1 Historical Summary of Photosynthesis
Research 179
9 2 Chloroplasts: Structures and
Photosynthetic Pigments 181
9 3 Some Principles of Light Absorption
by Plants 183
9 4 The Emerson Enhancement Effect:
Cooperating Photosystems 185
9 5 Photosystems I and II: Composition,
Functions, and Locations in
Thylakoids 186
9 6 Transport of Electrons from H20 to
NADP+ 187
BOX ESSAY Herbicides and
Photosynthetic Electron Transport 189
9 7 Photophosphorylation 190
9 8 Distribution of Light Energy between
PS I and PS II 191
9 9 Reduction Potentials and the
Z-Scheme 191
BOX ESSAY Phycobilisomes in Red and
Blue-Green Algae by Elisabeth Gantt 192
10 Carbon Dioxide Fixation and
Carbohydrate Synthesis 195
10 1 Products of Carbon Dioxide Fixation 195
xli Contents in Detail
10 2 The Calvin Cycle 197
10 3 The C-4 Dicarboxylic Acid Pathway:
Some Species Fix C02 Differently 199
10 4 Photorespiration 203
10 5 Light Control of Photosynthetic
Enzymes in C-3 and C-4 Plants 206
10 6 C02 Fixation in Succulent Species
(Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) 207
10 7 Formation of Sucrose, Starch, and
Fructans 209
BOX ESSAY Exploring the Path of
Carbon in Photosynthesis (I)
by James A Bassham 212
BOX ESSAY Exploring the Path of
Carbon in Photosynthesis (II) by
Melvin Calvin 214
11 Photosynthesis: Environmental and
Agricultural Aspects 216
11 1 The Carbon Cycle 216
11 2 Photosynthetic Rates in Various
Species 217
11 3 Factors Affecting Photosynthesis 218
11 4 Photosynthetic Rates, Efficiencies,
and Crop Production 227
12 Respiration 229
12 1 The Respiratory Quotient 229
12 2 Formation of Hexose Sugars from
Reserve Carbohydrates 230
12 3 Glycolysis 233
12 4 Fermentation 233
12 5 Mitochondria 233
12 6 The Krebs Cycle 236
12 7 The Electron Transport System and
Oxidative Phosphorylation 237
12 8 Summary of Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle,
and the Electron Transport System 239
12 9 Cyanide-Resistant Respiration 240
12 10 The Pentose Phosphate Pathway 241
12 11 Respiratory Production of Molecules
Used for Synthetic Processes 242
12 12 Biochemical Control of Respiration 242
BOX ESSAY The View from the Top of
Respiratory Peaks by George G La ties 244
12 13 Factors Affecting Respiration 246
13 Assimilation of Nitrogen and
Sulfur 251
13 1 The Nitrogen Cycle 251
13 2 Nitrogen Fixation 252
BOX ESSAY Nitrogen Fertilizers and
World Energy Problems 253
13 3 Assimilation of Nitrate and
Ammonium Ions 257
BOX ESSAY Many Grasses also
Support Nitrogen Fixation 259
13 4 Nitrogen Transformations During
Plant Development 263
13 5 Assimilation of Sulfate 265
14 Lipids and Other Natural Products 268
14 1 Fats and Oils 268
14 2 Waxes, Cutin, and Suberin: Plant
Protective Coats 274
14 3 The Isoprenoid Compounds 275
BOX ESSAY Truffles, Sterols, and
Pheromones 277
14 4 Phenolic Compounds and Their
Relatives 278
14 5 Phytoalexins 281
14 6 Lignin 283
14 7 Flavonoids 283
14 8 Betalains 285
14 9 Alkaloids 286
Section Three
Plant Development
15 Growth and Development 290
15 1 What Is Meant by Growth? 291
15 2 Patterns of Growth and Development 291
15 3 Growth Kinetics: Growth through
Time 297
15 4 Plant Organs: How They Grow 300
16 Hormones and Growth Regulators:
Auxins and Gibberellins 309
16 1 The Auxins 309
Contents in Detail xiii
16 2 The Gibberellins 319
BOX ESSAY Sensitivity to Growth
Substances: A Major Role in
Controlling Development by Anthony
Trewavas 322
BOX ESSAY Why a Biologist? Some
Reflections by Frits W Went 326
17 Hormones and Growth Regulators:
Cytokinins, Ethylene, Abscisic
Acid, and Other Compounds 330
17 1 The Cytokinins 330
17 2 Ethylene, a Volatile Hormone 339
17 3 Triacontanol and Brassins 344
17 4 Polyamines 345
17 5 Abscisic Acid (ABA) 345
17 6 Other Growth Inhibitors 347
17 7 Hormones in Senescence and
Abscission 348
18 Differential Growth and
Differentiation 350
18 1 Nastic Movements 350
18 2 Tropisms: Directional Differential
Growth 355
18 3 Phototropism 356
18 4 Gravitropism — 362
BOX ESSAY Studying the Gravitropic
Responses of Cereal Grasses by
Peter B Kaufman 366
18 5 Other Tropisms 370
18 6 Morphogenesis: Juvenility • 371
18 7 Morphogenesis: Totipotency 372
18 8 Some Principles of Differentiation 373
19 Photomorphogenesis 374
BOX ESSAY The Discovery of
Phytochrome by Sterling B
Hendricks 375
19 1 Discovery of Phytochrome 376
19 2 Physical and Chemical Properties of
Phytochrome 376
19 3 Distribution of Phytochrome Among
Species, Tissues, and Cells 378
xiv Contents in Detail
19 4 The Role of Light in Seed
Germination 379
19 5 The Role of Light in Seedling
Establishment and Later Vegetative
Growth 383
BOX ESSAY Photomorphogenesis and
Antibodies: Are They Related? by
Lee H Pratt 386
19 6 Photoperiodic Effects of Light 390
19 7 Light-Enhanced Synthesis of
Anthocyanins and Other Flavonoid
Pigments 390
19 8 Effects of Light on Chloroplast
Arrangements 391
20 The Biological Clock 392
BOX ESSAY Biorhythms and Other
Pseudoscience 393
20 1 Endogenous or Exogenous? 394
20 2 Orcadian and Other Rhythms 396
BOX ESSAY Potato Cellars, Trains, and
Dreams: Discovering the Biological
Clock by Erwin Biinning 396
20 3 Basic Concepts and Terminology 398
20 4 Rhythm Characteristics: Light 399
20 5 Rhythm Characteristics: Temperature 402
20 6 Rhythm Characteristics: Applied
Chemicals 402
20 7 Clock Mechanisms 403
20 8 Photoperiodism 405
BOX ESSAY Women in Science by
Beatrice M Sweeney 406
20 9 Photoperiod-Rhythm Interactions 406
20 10 The Biological Clock in Nature 407
21 Growth Responses to Temperature 409
21 1 The Temperature-Enzyme Dilemma 409
21 2 Vernalization 412
21 3 Dormancy 416
21 4 Seed Longevity and Germination 417
21 5 Seed Dormancy 418
21 6 Bud Dormancy 420
21 7 Underground Storage Organs 422
21 8 Thermoperiodism 423
21 9 Mechanisms of the Low-Temperature
Response 424
22 Photoperiodism 426
22 1 Detecting Seasonal Time by
Measuring Day Length 426
BOX ESSAY Some Early History 430
22 2 Some General Principles of
Photoperiodism 430
22 3 Photoperiod During a Plant s Life
Cycle 431
22 4 The Response Types 433
22 5 Ripeness to Respond 435
22 6 Phytochrome and the Role of the
Dark Period 435
22 7 Detecting Dawn and Dusk 437
22 8 Time Measurement in
Photoperiodism 439
22 9 The Florigen Concept: Flowering
Hormones and Inhibitors 442
22 10 Responses to Applied Plant
Hormones and Growth Regulators 444
22 11 The Induced State and Floral
Development 445
22 12 Where Do We Go from Here? 446
Section Four- _
Environmental Physiology
23 Topics in Environmental
Physiology 448
23 1 The Problems of Environmental
Physiology 449
23 2 What Is the Environment? 449
23 3 Some Principles of Plant Response to
Environment 451
23 4 Ecotypes: The Role of Genetics 456
23 5 Plant Adaptations to the Radiation
Environment 458
BOX ESSAY The Challenge of a New
Field: Plant Physiological Ecology by
Park S Nobel 462
23 6 Allelochemics and Allelopathy 465
23 7 Herbivory 466
24 Stress Physiology 468
24 1 What Is Stress? 468
24 2 Stressful Environments 469
24 3 Water Stress: Drought, Cold, and
Salt 473
24 4 Mechanisms of Plant Response to
Water and Related Stresses 482
24 5 Chilling Injury 486
24 6 High-Temperature Stress 487
24 7 Acidic Soils 488
24 8 Other Stresses 489
Appendix A The Systeme Internationale:
The Use of SI Units in Plant Physiology 491
Appendix B Radiant Energy: Some
Definitions 495
Appendix C Gene Duplication and Protein
Synthesis: Terms and Concepts 502
Literature Cited 505
Author Index 529
Index of Species and Subjects 532
Contents in Detail xv
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Salisbury, Frank B. Ross, Cleon W. |
| author_facet | Salisbury, Frank B. Ross, Cleon W. |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Salisbury, Frank B. |
| author_variant | f b s fb fbs c w r cw cwr |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV009258404 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)318140103 (DE-599)BVBBV009258404 |
| dewey-full | 581.1 |
| dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
| dewey-ones | 581 - Specific topics in natural history of plants |
| dewey-raw | 581.1 |
| dewey-search | 581.1 |
| dewey-sort | 3581.1 |
| dewey-tens | 580 - Plants |
| discipline | Biologie |
| edition | 3. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV009258404 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-23T13:03:01Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0534044824 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-006160456 |
| oclc_num | 318140103 |
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| owner | DE-29T |
| owner_facet | DE-29T |
| physical | XV, 540 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1985 |
| publishDateSearch | 1985 |
| publishDateSort | 1985 |
| publisher | Wadsworth |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Wadsworth biology series |
| spellingShingle | Salisbury, Frank B. Ross, Cleon W. Plant physiology Fisiología vegetal Pflanzenphysiologie (DE-588)4045580-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4045580-4 |
| title | Plant physiology |
| title_auth | Plant physiology |
| title_exact_search | Plant physiology |
| title_full | Plant physiology Frank B. Salisbury ; Cleon W. Ross |
| title_fullStr | Plant physiology Frank B. Salisbury ; Cleon W. Ross |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plant physiology Frank B. Salisbury ; Cleon W. Ross |
| title_short | Plant physiology |
| title_sort | plant physiology |
| topic | Fisiología vegetal Pflanzenphysiologie (DE-588)4045580-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Fisiología vegetal Pflanzenphysiologie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=006160456&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT salisburyfrankb plantphysiology AT rosscleonw plantphysiology |