Animal cell DNA polymerases
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| Sprache: | English |
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Boca Raton, Fla.
CRC Press
1986
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| 100 | 1 | |a Fry, Michael |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Animal cell DNA polymerases |c Michael Fry and Lawrence A. Loeb |
| 264 | 1 | |a Boca Raton, Fla. |b CRC Press |c 1986 | |
| 300 | |a 221 S. |b Ill. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a DNA polymerases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Loeb, Lawrence A. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HEBIS Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005341978&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-005341978 | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819647055760457728 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Animal Cell
DNA Polymerases
Authors
Michael Fry, Ph D
Associate Professor
Unit of Biochemistry
Faculty of Medicine
Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
Haifa, Israel
Lawrence A Loeb, MD, Ph D
Professor and Director
The Joseph Gottstein Memorial Cancer Research Laboratory
Department of Pathology
University of Washington
Seattle, Washington
CRC Press, Inc
Boca Raton, Florida
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter I
General Introduction 1
Chapter 2
Multiplicity of DNA Polymerases in Animal Cells 3
I Basic Enzymological Characteristics of DNA Polymerases 3
II Multiplicity of DNA Polymerases in Animal Cells — A Brief Historical
Perspective 4
III Defining Criteria for Classification of Animal Cell DNA Polymerases 8
IV Roles of DNA Polymerases-a, -P, and -y in DNA Replication and Repair 8
References 10
Chapter 3
DNA Polymerase-a 13
I Introductory Remarks 13
II Structure of Polymerase-^ 14
A Enzyme Purification Methods 14
B Size of the Catalytic Core Subunit 15
C Calf Thymus DNA Polymerase-a 15
D Rat Liver 18
E Chick Embryo 19
F Drosophila 19
G Xenopus laevis 20
H Bone Marrow 20
I Mouse Myeloma 20
J Cultured Human Cells 21
III Is Polymerase-a Modified Posttranslationally? 25
IV Auxiliary Activities Associated with DNA Polymerase-a 26
A Exonuclease 26
B DNA Primase 26
1 Structural Relationships Between Primase and
a-Polymerase 26
27- Major Enzymic Properties of DNA Primase 30
C Primer-Template Recognition Proteins 33
1 Helix Destabilizing Proteins 33
2 Primer Recognition Protein Factors 34
3 DNA Binding Proteins 35
4 Other Proteins Which Affect a-Polymerase 36
D Polymerase-a and Diadenosine-5 ,5 -P P4-tetraphosphate-Binding
Proteins 37
V Catalytic Properties of DNA Polymerase-a 39
A Interaction of Polymerase-a with the Template 40
B Interaction of Polymerase-a with the Primer Stem 41
C Interaction of Polymerase-a with Metal Activators 42
D Nucleotide Substrates for DNA Polymerase-a 42
E The Initial Ordered Interaction of Polymerase-a with Its
Reactants 43
F Elongation by DNA Polymerase-a 44
1 Processivity 44
2 Barriers to DNA Elongation 46
G Gap-Filling and Long-Stretch DNA Synthesis by a-Polymerase 47
VI Selective Inhibitors of DNA Polymerase-a 48
A Sulfhydryl Group Reactive Reagents 48
B Aphidicolin 49
C 6-(Arylamino)uracils and NJ-arylaminopurines 52
D Arabinose Analogs of Deoxynucleotides 53
E Phosphonacetic Acid 54
F 9-(2-Hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine (Acyclovir) and 2 -Nor-2 -deoxy-
guanosine (2 -NDG) 55
G Novobiocin 55
H Hemin 55
I Plant Cell Agglutinins 55
J Modified DNA Templates 55
K 2 -3 -Dideoxythymide-5 -triphosphate 56
L Palmitoyl Coenzyme A 56
M /}-Lapachone 56
N Other Inhibitors 56
VII Update 57
A Structure of DNA Polymerase-a 57
B Auxiliary Activities Associated with DNA Polymerase-a 57
1 DNA Primase 57
a Structural Aspects 57
b Catalytic Aspects 58
2 DNA Binding Proteins 59
C Chromososmal Localization of the Human DNA Polymerase-a
Gene 59
References 60
Chapter 4
DNA Polymerase-/} 75
I Introductory Remarks 75
II Structure of Polymerase-/} 76
III Proteins Auxiliary to DNA Polymerase-/? 77
A DNase V 78
B ATPase Trr 78
C DNA Binding Proteins 7 79
IV Catalytic Properties of DNA Polymerase-/} 79
A Interaction of DNA Polymerase-/} with Primer-Template 79
B Primer-Template Binding and Divalent Metal Ion Requirement 80
C Template DNA Gap Size Preference of DNA Polymerase-/} 81
D The Ordered Initial Interaction of Polymerase-/} with Template-
Primer and Nucleotide Substrates 81
E Processivity of DNA Synthesis Catalyzed by Polymerase-/} 82
V Inhibitors of DNA Polymerase-/} Activity 82
A Sulfhydryl Group Reactive Agents 82
B Inorganic Phosphate 83
C 2 ,3 -Dideoxynucleoside-5-triphosphates 83
D Other Inhibitors 84
E Preferential Sensitivity of DNA Polymerase-/} to Heat Activation 84
VI Update 85
A Chromosomal Localization of Human DNA Polymerase-/} Gene 85
References 85
Chapter 5
DNA Polymerase-y and DNA Polymerase-6 91
I DNA Polymerase-y 91
A Structure 92
B Catalytic Properties 93
1 Primer-Template Utilization 93
2 Processivity and Long-Stretch DNA Synthesis 94
C Inhibitors 95
1 Sulfhydryl Group Reactive Agents 95
2 2 ,3 -Dideoxythymidine-5-triphosphate 95
3 Intercalating Agents 95
4 Other Inhibitors 95
II DNA Polymerase-^ 96
A Structure 96
B The Association Between Polymerase-cJ and 3 —5 -Exonuclease 97
C Open Questions Concerning DNA Polymerase-6 98
References 98
Chapter 6
Roles of Animal Cell DNA Polymerases in Replication of Cellular DNA 103
I Introductory Remarks 103
II Replication of Nuclear DNA 104
A Participation of Polymerase-a in Nuclear DNA Replication 104
1 Intracellular Localization of DNA Polymerases 104
a Association of DNA Polymerases-a, -/?, and -y with the
Cell Nucleus 105
(1) DNA Polymerase-a 105
(2) DNA Polymerase-/? 108
(3) DNA Polymerase-y 108
b Association of Polymerase-a with the Nuclear
Matrix 109
2 Intracellular Levels of DNA Polymerases During Cell
Cycling 110
a Evidence with Postmitotic Cells Ill
b Studies on Quiescent Cells Stimulated to Divide Ill
c Studies with Synchronized Cultured Cells 114
3 DNA Replication in Cell Mutants with Modified DNA
Polymerase-a 114
4 Is DNA Polymerase-a a Component of a Multienzyme
Replicative Complex? 115
B Participation of Polymerase-a in Genomic DNA Replication —
Studies with Selective Inhibitors 118
1 Studies with Intact Cells 118
2 Studies with Isolated Replicative Systems 118
3 Probing DNA Replication with Monospecific Antibodies
Against Polymerase-a 120
C Correlating Enzymic Properties of Polymerase-a, -/?, and -y to
Properties Required of a Replicative DNA Polymerase 120
1 Relationship Between Unique Catalytic Properties of
Polymerases-a, -/?, and -y and Properties Required of a
Replicative DNA Polymerase 120
a Processivity 120
b Interaction with Template DNA 121
c Interaction with Primer 121
d Gap-Filling and Long-Stretch DNA Synthesis 121
e Summary 122
2 Association of Polymerase-a with Auxiliary Protein 122
III Replication of Mitochondrial DNA by DNA Polymerase-y 123
A Compartmentalization of Polymerase-y in Mitochondria 123
B Participation of Polymerase-y in Synthesis of Mitochondrial DNA
Studies on the Effect of Selective Inhibitors and on Catalytic
Properties 123
IV Concluding Remarks 124
V Update 125
A Association of Polymerase-a with the Nuclear Matrix 125
B Intracellular Levels of DNA Polymerases During Cell Cycling 126
C DNA Replication in Cell Mutants with Modified DNA
Polymerase-a 126
D Is DNA Polymerase-a a Component of a Multienzyme Replicative
Complex? 126
References 127
Chapter 7
Roles of Animal Cell DNA Polymerases in DNA Repair Synthesis 135
I Introductory Remarks 135
II Physiology of DNA Polymerases-a and -/} in Cells Containing Damaged
DNA 136
A Postmitotic Cells 136
B Cycling Cells 137
III Studies on Mutant Cells with Deficient Repair or Modified DNA
Polymerase-a 138
A Hereditary Diseases of Defective DNA Repair 138
B Mutant Cell with a Modified DNA Polymerase-a 139
IV Involvement of Polymerase-a and -p in Repair: Studies with Selective
Inhibitors „ 140
A Evidence for the Participation of Polymerase-a in Repair
Synthesis 140
1 Early Observations 140
2 Cell Type Variance in Response of Repair to Aphidicolin 141
3 Further Evidence for the Function of Polymerase-a in Repair
Synthesis 142
4 Role of Polymerase-a in Repair of Damage Caused by
Different Agents 142
5 Effect of the Extent of Damage on Mobilization of
Polymerases for Repair Synthesis 143
6 Effect on Damaged DNA of the Arrest of Polymerase-a
Activity 144
B DNA Polymerase-/} 145
V Enzymatic Properties of DNA Polymerases and Their Concordance with
Roles in DNA Repair 147
A Catalytic Properties of DNA Polymerases-a and -(J 147
B In Vitro Utilization of Damaged DNA Templates by Polymerases-a
and -P 147
C Accessory Proteins for DNA Polymerases and the Hypothetical
Multienzyme Repair Complex 148
VI Reconstructed in Vitro Model Systems for Repair of Damaged DNA 149
VII Concluding Remarks 151
VIII Update 151
A Involvement of DNA Polymerases-a and -/} in Repair Synthesis:
Studies with Selective Inhibitors 151
References 152
Chapter 8
Fidelity of DNA Synthesis 157
I Introductory Remarks 157
II Methods to Measure the Fidelity of DNA Synthesis 158
A Studies with Synthetic Polynucleotide Templates 158
B Reversion Assays with Mutant DNA Templates 159
III Fidelity of DNA Polymerase-a 162
A Studies with Synthetic Polynucleotides 162
B Studies with Natural DNA Template 163
C Associated Proteins and Other Factors 165
IV Fidelity of DNA Polymerase-/} 166
A Studies with Synthetic Polynucleotide Templates 167
B Studies with Natural DNA Templates 168
C Associated Factors 169
V Fidelity of DNA Polymerase-y and -6 169
VI Mechanism for Enhanced Fidelity by Animal DNA Polymerases 170
A The K„ Discrimination Model 171
B Conformation Model 171
C Energy Relay 172
D Pyrophosphate-Mediated Proofreading 172
VII Mechanisms for Accuracy in Animal Cells 173
A Proofreading in Animal Cells 173
B Mismatch Correction in Animal Cell 174
VIII Mutagenesis by DNA Polymerases 174
A Nucleotide Pools 175
B Incorporation of Nucleotide Analogs 175
C Effect of Mutagenic Metal Ions 176
D Template Modifications 176
E Alterations in DNA Polymerases 177
F SOS Repair in Animal Cells 177
IX Update 178
A Mutational Spectra 178
1 DNA Polymerase-a 178
2 DNA Polymerase-/} 178
3 Relationship of Fidelity to Processivity 178
References 178
Chapter 9
Biology of Animal Cell DNA Polymerases 185
I Evolution of DNA Polymerases 185
A DNA Polymerase-a 185
B DNA Polymerase-/} 186
C DNA Polymerase-y 187
II DNA Polymerases in Development 188
A Differentiation 188
B Embryogenesis and Development 189
III DNA Polymerases in Aging 191
A Diminishing Cell Proliferation During Aging and Activities of DNA
Polymerases 191
B Fidelity of DNA Polymerases in Aging Cells 193
IV Update 194
A Evolution of DNA Polymerase-/} 194
B DNA Polymerase Activities in Aging Cells 195
References 196
Chapter 10
Future Pespectives 201
I Introduction 201
II Structural Analysis of DNA Polymerases 201
III Physiological Variation in the Level of a-Polymerase, Molecular
Microheterogeneity, and Proteolysis 203
IV The Nature of the Replicative Complex 204
V Fidelity of DNA Replication 205
VI Roles of DNA Polymerases in DNA Repair Synthesis and Their Possible
Inclusion in Multiprotein Repair Complexes 206
VII Function of DNA Polymerase-y in the Cell Nucleus 206
VIII Distribution, Properties, and Function of DNA Polymerase-6 207
IX Function of DNA Polymerases in DNA Recombination 207
X Conclusion 208
References 208
Index 209
|
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| id | DE-604.BV008108317 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-23T12:40:10Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0849365074 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-005341978 |
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| physical | 221 S. Ill. |
| publishDate | 1986 |
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| publisher | CRC Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Fry, Michael Loeb, Lawrence A. Animal cell DNA polymerases DNA polymerases DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase |
| title | Animal cell DNA polymerases |
| title_auth | Animal cell DNA polymerases |
| title_exact_search | Animal cell DNA polymerases |
| title_full | Animal cell DNA polymerases Michael Fry and Lawrence A. Loeb |
| title_fullStr | Animal cell DNA polymerases Michael Fry and Lawrence A. Loeb |
| title_full_unstemmed | Animal cell DNA polymerases Michael Fry and Lawrence A. Loeb |
| title_short | Animal cell DNA polymerases |
| title_sort | animal cell dna polymerases |
| topic | DNA polymerases DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase |
| topic_facet | DNA polymerases DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005341978&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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