Monitoring the worker for exposure and disease scientific, legal, and ethical considerations in the use of biomarkers
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Baltimore u.a.
Johns Hopkins Univ. Press
1990
|
| Schriftenreihe: | The Johns Hopkins series in environmental toxicology
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Monitoring the worker for exposure and disease |b scientific, legal, and ethical considerations in the use of biomarkers |c Nicholas A. Ashford ... |
| 264 | 1 | |a Baltimore u.a. |b Johns Hopkins Univ. Press |c 1990 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819692075472388096 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
About the Authors xi
Introduction xiii
[ Part I. Definitions and Legal Authority I
1. Overview and Definitions: Monitoring,
Surveillance, and Screening 3
Goals of the Program 3
Monitoring and Surveillance 5
Medical Surveillance 6
Genetic Monitoring 9
Biological Monitoring 9
Environmental Monitoring 12
Sensitivity Screening 13
2. Legal Authority for Human Monitoring 15
Agency Authority 15
Authority of the Occupational Safety and
Health Administration 16
Authority of the National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health 23
Authority of the Environmental Protection Agency under the
Toxic Substances Control Act 24
Employer Authority in the Absence of
Agency Directive 26
Part II. Scientific and Technical Concerns 27
Introduction 28
3. Medical Surveillance 31
4. Genetic Monitoring 39
Cytogenetic Monitoring 41
Noncytogenetic Monitoring 45
5. Biological Monitoring 50
General Considerations 50
Urine Analysis 57
Expired Air Analysis 61
Blood Analysis 65
Application of Biological Monitoring 66
6. Genetic and Other Sensitivity Screening 71
Genetic Screening 72
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency 72
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Deficiency 73
Slow Acetylator Phenotype 74
Paroxonase Deficiency 74
Nongenetic Sensitivity Screening 77
7. The Frequency and Timing of Examinations 80
Preemployment Examination 84
Preplacement Examination 86
Periodic Examinations 88
Episodic Examinations 90
Termination or Retirement Examination 91
Part III. The Health Implications of Removing Workers on
the Basis of Human Monitoring Tests 93
8. Human Variability and High Risk Groups 95
The Distribution of Monitoring Results and the Distinction
between High Risk and Hypersensitive Populations 96
Approximate Amounts of Human Variability in
Sensitivity to Toxic Agents 99
Underlying Causes of Human Variability 103
Stochastic, Genetic, Age, and Sex Variability 103
Life style and Behavioral Factors 105
Environmental Factors 107
Preexisting Disease 108
9. Consequences to the Worker of Medical Removal 109
Medical Removal Distinguished from
Medical Removal Protection 109
Standards Requiring Removal Based on Medical Surveillance
and Biological Monitoring Triggers 110
Medical Removal 110
Medical Removal Protection 110
Removal Based on the Discretion of the Physician
When No Medical Removal Protection Plan Is
Provided in the Standard 113
Standards Requiring Removal Based on
Respirator Usage 114
National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health/Occupational Safety and Health
Administration Guidelines on Removal 115
Potential Benefits and Limitations of Medical Removal 116
Traditional Acute Toxicity 118
Traditional Chronic Toxicity 119
Molecular Biological Diseases 120
Chronic Cumulative Functional Impairment 121
Part IV. Legal and Ethical Considerations 123
10. Limitations on the Authority to Require Human
Monitoring 125
Personal Privacy 125
Monitoring in Response to Agency Directive 126
Monitoring in the Absence of Agency Directive 128
Informed Consent 129
11. The Use of Monitoring Results 132
Employees Right of Access 132
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Access Rule 132
The Toxic Substances Control Act 138
The National Labor Relations Act 138
Employees Right to Confidentiality: Access to Employee
Records by Agencies, Unions, and Employers 139
Agency Access 140
Union Access 142
Employer Access 144
Limitations on Employers Use of Monitoring Data 145
Limitations under Common Law 145
Limitations under the Occupational Safety and Health Act,
General Duty Clause 147
Limitations under Antidiscrimination Laws 148
The Use of Monitoring Data in Tort and Workers
Compensation Cases 154
The Causation Requirement in Compensation Cases 154
The Promise ofBiomarkers 156
X CONTENTS
12. Policy and Ethical Considerations 159
The Goals of Human Monitoring 159
Recommendations for the Proper Use of
Human Monitoring 159
Toward an Ethical Theory for Human Monitoring 161
Notes 165
Index 215
|
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| indexdate | 2024-12-23T11:12:27Z |
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| series2 | The Johns Hopkins series in environmental toxicology |
| spellingShingle | Monitoring the worker for exposure and disease scientific, legal, and ethical considerations in the use of biomarkers Beroepsziekten gtt Biologische markers gtt Blootstelling gtt Monitorage (Soins hospitaliers) Monitores ambientales Monitores biológicos Monitoring gtt Surveillance biologique Toxicologie industrielle Toxicología industrial Biological monitoring Environmental Monitoring United States Industrial toxicology Occupational Exposure United States Patient monitoring Public Policy United States Ethik (DE-588)4015602-3 gnd Arbeitsschutz (DE-588)4002771-5 gnd Arbeitnehmer (DE-588)4002623-1 gnd Gefährlicher Arbeitsstoff (DE-588)4113678-0 gnd Exposition Medizin (DE-588)4153403-7 gnd Reihenuntersuchung (DE-588)4277596-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4015602-3 (DE-588)4002771-5 (DE-588)4002623-1 (DE-588)4113678-0 (DE-588)4153403-7 (DE-588)4277596-6 |
| title | Monitoring the worker for exposure and disease scientific, legal, and ethical considerations in the use of biomarkers |
| title_auth | Monitoring the worker for exposure and disease scientific, legal, and ethical considerations in the use of biomarkers |
| title_exact_search | Monitoring the worker for exposure and disease scientific, legal, and ethical considerations in the use of biomarkers |
| title_full | Monitoring the worker for exposure and disease scientific, legal, and ethical considerations in the use of biomarkers Nicholas A. Ashford ... |
| title_fullStr | Monitoring the worker for exposure and disease scientific, legal, and ethical considerations in the use of biomarkers Nicholas A. Ashford ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Monitoring the worker for exposure and disease scientific, legal, and ethical considerations in the use of biomarkers Nicholas A. Ashford ... |
| title_short | Monitoring the worker for exposure and disease |
| title_sort | monitoring the worker for exposure and disease scientific legal and ethical considerations in the use of biomarkers |
| title_sub | scientific, legal, and ethical considerations in the use of biomarkers |
| topic | Beroepsziekten gtt Biologische markers gtt Blootstelling gtt Monitorage (Soins hospitaliers) Monitores ambientales Monitores biológicos Monitoring gtt Surveillance biologique Toxicologie industrielle Toxicología industrial Biological monitoring Environmental Monitoring United States Industrial toxicology Occupational Exposure United States Patient monitoring Public Policy United States Ethik (DE-588)4015602-3 gnd Arbeitsschutz (DE-588)4002771-5 gnd Arbeitnehmer (DE-588)4002623-1 gnd Gefährlicher Arbeitsstoff (DE-588)4113678-0 gnd Exposition Medizin (DE-588)4153403-7 gnd Reihenuntersuchung (DE-588)4277596-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Beroepsziekten Biologische markers Blootstelling Monitorage (Soins hospitaliers) Monitores ambientales Monitores biológicos Monitoring Surveillance biologique Toxicologie industrielle Toxicología industrial Biological monitoring Environmental Monitoring United States Industrial toxicology Occupational Exposure United States Patient monitoring Public Policy United States Ethik Arbeitsschutz Arbeitnehmer Gefährlicher Arbeitsstoff Exposition Medizin Reihenuntersuchung USA |
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