Theoretical geomorphology
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
1970
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| Ausgabe: | 2., rev. ed. |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Scheidegger, Adrian E. |d 1925- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)115446931 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Theoretical geomorphology |c Adrian E. Scheidegger |
| 250 | |a 2., rev. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin [u.a.] |b Springer |c 1970 | |
| 300 | |a XIII, 435 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Géographie physique | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Géomorphologie | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Geomorphology | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Titel: Theoretical geomorphology
Autor: Scheidegger, Adrian E
Jahr: 1970
Contents
1. Physical Geomorphology..............................................1
1.1. Introduction....................................................1
1.2. Development of Slopes............................................2
1.21. General Remarks............................................2
1.22. Quantitative Description of Slopes ............................3
1.23. Agents in Slope Formation....................................3
1.24. Differential Development of Slopes............................5
1.3. Curved Lines in Geomorphology ..................................7
1.31. General Remarks............................................7
1.32. The Length of Wiggly Lines..................................7
1.33. Spectrum of a Wiggly Line....................................10
1.4. River Erosion....................................................11
1.41. General Remarks............................................11
1.42. River Bed Processes..........................................12
1.43. Total Material Transport ....................................12
1.44. Sideways Erosion......................
1.45. Morphometry of Particles....................................17
1.5. The Form of Drainage Basins......................................IS
1.51. The Concept of a Geomorphoiogical Cycle......................18
1.52. Climatic Effects..............................................19
1.53. Quantitative Description of Drainage Basins..........21
1.54. Possible Interpretations of Landscape Development.......27
1.6. Subaquatic Effects........................29
1.61. General Remarks......................29
1.62. Coastal Geomorphology...................29
1.63. Morphology of River Mouths ................32
1.64. Submarine Geomorphology.................34
1.65. Morphology of Turbidity Currents..............37
1.7. Niveal Features.........................40
1.71. General Remarks......................
1.72. Morphology of Glaciers...................42
1.73. Effects of Glacier Scouring..................43
1.74. Drumlins. Eskers, Moraines.................44
1.75. Pingos. Solifluction, Pressure Ridges .............45
1.76. Varves ..........................48
1.8. Aeolian Features ........................48
1.81. Occurrence of Effects Due to Wind..............48
1.82. Desert Features ......................49
1.83. Dust Movement......................51
1.84. Volcanic Eruptions.....................52
1.9. Special Features.........................52
1.91. General Remarks......................52
1.92. Badland Erosion......................53
1.93. Geysers..........................54
1.94. Karsts and Caves......................54
II. Physical Background.........................56
2.1. Introduction..........................56
2.11. General Remarks......................56
2.12. Hydrodynamics of Viscous Fluids...............56
2.13. Rheology.........................57
2.2. Dynamics of Flowing Water....................57
2.21. Principles of the Statistical Theory of Turbulence........57
2.22. Momentum Transfer and Eddy Viscosity............58
2.23. Prandtl s Theory of Turbulence...............59
2.24. Homogeneous Turbulence and Its Decay............60
2.25. Boundary Layer Theory...................61
2.26. The Stability of Superposed Streams of Different Densities .... 62
2.3. Dynamics of Flowing Ice.....................64
2.31. General Remarks......................64
2.32. Some Physical Properties of Ice................64
2.33. Various Flow Laws.....................65
2.4. Dynamics of Blowing Wind....................66
2.41. Statics of the Atmosphere..................66
2.42. Quasistatic Flow in the Atmosphere..............68
2.43. Turbulent Flow in the Atmosphere..............72
III. Mechanics of Slope Formation ....................73
3.1. Principles............................73
3.2. Reduction of Rocks..............................................73
3.21. General Remarks......................73
3.22. Chemical Effects......................74
3.23. Physical Drag.......................75
3.24. Splattering of Drops.....................75
3.25. Cavitation.........................78
3.26. Temperature Effects.....................79
3.27. Other Physical Effects....................81
3.28. Biological Effects......................82
3.3. Spontaneous Mass Movement...................82
3.31. Rankine States.......................82
3.32. Stability of Slopes......................85
3.33. Landslides.........................89
3.34. Decay of Rock Walls and Mountain Peaks...........93
3.35. Slow Spontaneous Mass Movement..............96
3.36. Slopes of Screes.......................98
3.4. Discussion of Agents in Slope Formation..............99
3.41. General Remarks......................99
3.42. Corrasion.........................100
3.43. Dry Creep of Rock.....................100
3.44. Aqueous Solifluction....................108
3.45. Slope Development by Water Erosion.............109
3.46. Alluvial Fan........................115
3.47. Dynamic Similarity in Slope Development Agents........116
3.5. Combined Effect: Denudation...................119
3.51. Models of Slope Recession..................119
3.52. Parallel Rectilinear Slope Recession..............120
3.53. Central Rectilinear Slope Recession..............127
3.54. Variations of Exposure: Linear Theory.............132
3.55. Variation of Exposure: Nonlinear Theory...........136
3.56. Applications of the Nonlinear Slope Development Theory .... 143
3.57. Modifications of Nonlinear Slope Development Theory.....149
3.58. Evaluation of Slope Recession Theories............150
3.6. Endogenetic Effects in Slope Development..............151
3.61. General Remarks......................151
3.62. Surface Action and Endogenetic Effects............151
3.63. Sideways Erosion and Endogenetic Movements.........154
3.64. Evaluation of Endogenetic Effects in Slope Development.....154
IV. Theory of River Action........................155
4.1. General Remarks........................155
4.2. Flow in Open Channels......................155
4.21. General Principles.....................155
4.22. Empirical Formulas.....................159
4.23. Turbulent Flow in Clean Channels..............161
4.24. Turbulent Flow in Channels with Movable Bottom.......164
4.25. Non-Uniform Flow.....................165
4.3. Motion in River Bends......................167
4.31. The Problem........................I67
4.32. Primary Currents in River Bends...............167
4.33. Elementary Theory of Secondary Currents in River Bends .... 170
4.34. Basic Theory of Helicoidal Flows...............172
4.35. Shooting Flow Around Corners................I75
4.4. Forces of Fluids on Particles...................176
4.41. General Remarks...................... 76
4.42. Gravity Force: Settling Velocity................176
4.43. Scouring Force.......................lgI
4.44. Lifting Force........................184
4.5. Sediment Transportation.....................187
4.51. General Remarks......................187
4.52. Suspended Sediment Transportation..............188
4.53. The Transportation of Bottom Sediment............192
4.54. Total Sediment Transportation................201
4.6. Mutual Interaction of Bed, Flow, and Sediment Transport.......204
4.61. General Remarks......................204
4.62. Bottom Ripples.......................204
4.63. Cross-Bedding.......................206
4.64. Concept of Graded River..................207
4.65. Longitudinal Profile of a River................209
4.66. Transverse Profile of a River.................211
4.67. Scaling of River Bed Processes................217
4.7. Pebble Gradation and Bottom Slopes in Rivers...........220
4.71. Possible Causes of Gradation.................220
4.72. Contrition of Pebbles....................220
4.73. Bed Slope and Pebble Size..................222
4.74. Gradation by Differential Transportation............223
4.75. Evaluation of Theories of Pebble Gradation..........225
4.8. Meanders in Alluvial Channels..................227
4.81. General Remarks......................227
4.82. Meanders in a Graded River.................228
4.83. Helicoidal Flow .......................229
4.84. Stochastic Theory of Meander Formation...........231
4.85. Experimental Investigations.................235
4.86. Terraces in Alluvial Plains..................236
4.9. Valley Formation........................237
4.91. Requirements of a Physical Theory..............237
4.92. Mountain Valleys......................237
4.93. Influence of the Earth s Rotation...............240
V. Drainage Basins and Large Scale Landscape Development.........243
5.1. General Remarks........................243
5.2. Empirical Relationships .....................245
5.21. The Law of Stream Numbers.................245
5.22. The Law of Stream Lengths.................246
5.23. The Law of Drainage Areas.................247
5.24. Dimensional Analysis....................248
5.3. Theoretical Explanations of the Law of Stream Numbers.......250
5.31. Fundamental Remarks ...................250
5.32. Cyclic Models.......................250
5.33. Random Graph Models...................251
5.34. Other Models.......................257
5.35. Test of Models with Nature .................257
5.4. Theoretical Explanations of the Law of Stream Lengths........259
5.41. General Remarks......................259
5.42. Cycle Theory........................260
5.43. Random Graph Theory...................260
5.44. Comparison with Nature ..................261
5.5. Theoretical Explanations of the Law of Drainage Areas........264
5.51. Types of Explanations....................264
5.52. Cycle Theory........................264
5.53. Random Graph Theory...................265
5.54. Comparison with Nature...................266
5.6. General Remarks on Stochastic Models...............266
5.61. Growth Models ......................266
5.62. The Steady State......................266
5.63. Brownian Conditions....................267
5.64. Correlation........................267
5.65. Infinite Correlation Time ..................268
5.66. Evaluation.........................268
5.7. The Stochastic Simulation of Landscapes..............269
5.71. The Idea..........................269
5.72. Random Model of a Stream Network.............269
5.73. Intramontane Trench....................270
5.8. Thermodynamic Analogy.....................272
5.81. Principle .........................272
5.82. The Diffusivity Equation of Landscape Decay..........275
5.83. Steady State Conditions...................276
VI. Theory of Aquatic Effects.......................278
6.1. General Remarks........................278
6.2. Movements in Large Bodies of Water................278
6.21. Principles.........................278
6.22. Waves...........................278
6.23. Turbidity Currents.....................286
6.24. Tides...........................290
6.25. Ocean Currents.......................293
6.3. Factors Acting in Subaquatic Geomorphology............295
6.31. General Review ......................295
6.32. Physical Factors......................295
6.33. Chemical Factors......................296
6.34. Biological Factors .....................297
6.35. Eustatic Movements.....................298
6.4. Coasts.............................
6.41. General Remarks......................298
6.42. The Nearshore Circulation System ..............299
6.43. Theory of Beaches .....................
6.44. Theory of Special Features on Shallow Coasts..........316
6.45. Theory of Steep Coasts...................322
6.46. Large-Scale Features on Coasts................327
6.5. Dynamics of River Mouths....................328
6.51. General Remarks......................328
6.52. General Hydrodynamic Conditions in a River Mouth......329
6.53. River Estuaries.......................331
6.54. Formation of Deltas.....................336
6.55. Barred River Mouths....................339
6.6. Theoretical Submarine Geomorphology...............340
6.61. General Remarks......................340
6.62. Agents Effective in Submarine Geomorphology.........340
6.63. Graded Beds........................341
6.64. Submarine Canyons.....................342
6.65. Effects of Bottom Currents..................343
6.66. Abyssal Plains.......................344
6.67. Atolls and Guyots .....................344
VII. Niveal Effects............................346
7.1. General Remarks........................346
7.11. Principles of Ice Action...................346
7.12. Theories of Ice Ages.....................346
7.2. Longitudinal Movement of Glaciers................351
7.21. General Remarks......................351
7.22. Theory of Longitudinal Flow of Glaciers............352
7.23. Theory of Longitudinal Sliding of Glaciers...........357
7.24. Dynamics of Glacier Snouts.................364
7.25. Transverse Crevasses....................366
7.26. Geomorphological Effects of Longitudinal Glacier Motion .... 367
7.3. Three-Dimensional Movement of Ice................369
7.31. Theories of Three-Dimensional Ice Movement.........369
7.32. Ice Caps..........................370
7.33. Various Problems......................372
7.34. Crevasses in Ice Sheets....................372
7.35. Geomorphological Effects..................373
7.4. Other Niveal Effects.......................375
7.41. General Remarks......................375
7.42. Pingos..........................375
7.43. Niveal Solifluction.....................378
7.44. Stress-induced Features in Periglacial Areas..........380
7.45. Varves ..........................380
VIII. Theory of Aeolian Features......................383
8.1. The Significance of Wind Action..................383
8.2. The Physics of Sand Movement..................383
8.21. General Remarks......................383
Contents XIII
8.22. Wind Velocity Near the Ground ................183
8.23. Grain Movement......................3X5
8.24. Electrical Effects......................387
8.3. Geomorphological Effects of Blown Sand..............388
8.31. Outline of Sand Action...................388
8.32. Distribution of Sand Concentration in a Storm.........388
8.33. Grading of Grain Size Distribution..............391
8.34. Surface Ripples.......................392
8.35. Large Scale Effects.....................393
8.36. Corrasive Action of Sand..................397
8.4. Physics of Dust Movement....................397
8.41. Basic Principles.......................397
8.42. Theory of Atmospheric Diffusion...............398
8.43. Light Particles.......................399
8.44. Heavy Particles.......................401
8.45. Ash Flows and Ash Falls ..................401
8.5. Geomorphological Effects of Dust Movement............404
IX. Theory of Some Special Features....................405
9.1. Introduction..........................405
9.2. Hoodoos............................405
9.21. General Remarks......................405
9.22. The Teapot Effect......................405
9.23. Bearing of Teapot Effect on Hoodoos.............408
9.3. Geysers ............................408
9.4. Theory of Karst Phenomena ...................411
9.41. General Remarks......................411
9.42. The Leaching Effect.....................411
9.43. The Genesis of Caves....................413
9.44. Stability of Caves......................414
Author Index..............................420
Subject Index..............................428
|
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| id | DE-604.BV002959326 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2025-02-03T16:57:40Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | English |
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| owner_facet | DE-384 DE-824 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-83 DE-188 DE-210 |
| physical | XIII, 435 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| psigel | TUB-nveb |
| publishDate | 1970 |
| publishDateSearch | 1970 |
| publishDateSort | 1970 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Scheidegger, Adrian E. 1925- Theoretical geomorphology Géographie physique Géomorphologie Geomorphology Geomorphologie (DE-588)4130684-3 gnd Hang (DE-588)4023336-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4130684-3 (DE-588)4023336-4 |
| title | Theoretical geomorphology |
| title_auth | Theoretical geomorphology |
| title_exact_search | Theoretical geomorphology |
| title_full | Theoretical geomorphology Adrian E. Scheidegger |
| title_fullStr | Theoretical geomorphology Adrian E. Scheidegger |
| title_full_unstemmed | Theoretical geomorphology Adrian E. Scheidegger |
| title_short | Theoretical geomorphology |
| title_sort | theoretical geomorphology |
| topic | Géographie physique Géomorphologie Geomorphology Geomorphologie (DE-588)4130684-3 gnd Hang (DE-588)4023336-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Géographie physique Géomorphologie Geomorphology Geomorphologie Hang |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001852702&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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