Export Processing Zones
This note focuses on export processing zones as potential, useful tools in export promotion, and, outlines the general features, and objectives of these zones, highlighting country experiences, and offering policy recommendations for establishing them. It identifies three main goals of export proces...
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| description | This note focuses on export processing
zones as potential, useful tools in export promotion, and,
outlines the general features, and objectives of these
zones, highlighting country experiences, and offering policy
recommendations for establishing them. It identifies three
main goals of export processing zones: provision of foreign
exchange earnings; job creation, and income generation; and,
attracts foreign direct investments, which enhances
knowledge, and technology transfer. While common features
are generally shared, export zones are differentiated by
public, or private ownership, or management, and, by
dependent qualities of management, facilities, and services
they provide, namely, defined as "high-end" or
"low-end". Recommendations suggest that export
processing zones is one of a number of tools, used to
off-set anti-export bias, in distorted economies. But just
like other export promotion tools, export zones are a
second-best policy choice. Zones can play a dynamic role in
the development of a country, provided they are adequately
managed, and integrated within national reform, and
liberalization programs. However, zones should not be
established in liberal, low-protection economies, due to the
potential of lower than expected foreign direct investments,
as a result of unattractive laws, and regulations, and
because they may distort trade instruments, introducing
discretionary elements in policy framework. |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>worldbank_VO9</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_worldbank_openknowledgerepository_10986_11519</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>oai:openknowledge.worldbank.org:10986/11519</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-worldbank_openknowledgerepository_10986_115193</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNrjZBB3rSjILypRCCjKT04tLs7MS1eIys9LLeZhYE1LzClO5YXS3Awmbq4hzh665flFOSlJiXnZ8fkFqXnZefnlOakp6alFqQX5xZkl-UWV8YYGlhZm8YaGpoaWxmRqAwAAVjLS</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Publisher</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>book</recordtype></control><display><type>book</type><title>Export Processing Zones</title><source>Open Knowledge Repository</source><creator>Madani, Dorsati</creator><creatorcontrib>Madani, Dorsati</creatorcontrib><description>This note focuses on export processing
zones as potential, useful tools in export promotion, and,
outlines the general features, and objectives of these
zones, highlighting country experiences, and offering policy
recommendations for establishing them. It identifies three
main goals of export processing zones: provision of foreign
exchange earnings; job creation, and income generation; and,
attracts foreign direct investments, which enhances
knowledge, and technology transfer. While common features
are generally shared, export zones are differentiated by
public, or private ownership, or management, and, by
dependent qualities of management, facilities, and services
they provide, namely, defined as "high-end" or
"low-end". Recommendations suggest that export
processing zones is one of a number of tools, used to
off-set anti-export bias, in distorted economies. But just
like other export promotion tools, export zones are a
second-best policy choice. Zones can play a dynamic role in
the development of a country, provided they are adequately
managed, and integrated within national reform, and
liberalization programs. However, zones should not be
established in liberal, low-protection economies, due to the
potential of lower than expected foreign direct investments,
as a result of unattractive laws, and regulations, and
because they may distort trade instruments, introducing
discretionary elements in policy framework.</description><language>eng</language><publisher>World Bank, Washington, DC</publisher><subject>AUTONOMY ; BACKWARD LINKAGES ; CAPITAL GOODS ; COMPETITIVENESS ; DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ; DOMESTIC FIRMS ; DOMESTIC MARKET ; DOMESTIC SALES ; ECONOMIC POLICY ; EMPLOYMENT ; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION ; EXPORT ; EXPORT BIAS ; EXPORT CATALYSTS ; EXPORT EARNINGS ; EXPORT PROCESSING ; EXPORT PROCESSING FIRMS ; EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE ; EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES ; EXPORT PRODUCTION ; EXPORT PROMOTION ; EXPORT PROMOTION TOOLS ; EXPORT STRATEGIES ; EXPORTS ; FISCAL POLICIES ; FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ; FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS ; FOREIGN EXCHANGE ; FOREIGN EXCHANGE ALLOCATIONS ; FOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS ; FREE TRADE ; FREE TRADE CONDITIONS ; FREE TRADE ZONES ; GROSS EXPORTS ; HUMAN CAPITAL ; IMPORTING COUNTRIES ; IMPORTS ; INCOME ; INCOME GENERATION ; INCOME TAXES ; INDIRECT TAXATION ; INDUSTRIAL BASE ; INDUSTRIAL ESTATE ; INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURE ; INDUSTRIAL REFUSE ; INDUSTRIALIZATION ; INSURANCE ; INTERMEDIATE INPUTS ; INTERNATIONAL TRADE ; INVESTMENT APPLICATIONS ; JOB CREATION ; KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS ; LABOR LAWS ; LEGAL & REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ; LOCAL EMPLOYEES ; LOCAL INPUTS ; MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS ; MANAGERIAL METHODS ; MARKET RATES ; MARKET SIZE ; MARKETING SKILLS ; NATIONAL ECONOMY ; NATIONAL PRACTICES ; NATIONAL REFORM ; NET EXPORTS ; NONTRADITIONAL EMPLOYMENT ; NONTRADITIONAL EXPORTS ; OPPORTUNITY COST ; POLICY FRAMEWORK ; POLLUTION ; PREFERENTIAL TRADE ; PREFERENTIAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS ; PRESENT VALUE ; PRIVATE OWNERSHIP ; PRIVATE PROPERTY ; PRODUCTIVITY ; PUBLIC OWNERSHIP ; REFORM POLICY ; RULES OF ORIGIN ; TAX CONCESSIONS ; TAXATION ; TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER ; TRADE LIBERALIZATION ; TRADE POLICY ; TRADE POLICY REFORM ; TRADE REFORMS ; WAGES ; WORLD TRADE ; WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION FREE EXPORT ZONES</subject><creationdate>1998</creationdate><rights>CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><relation>PREM Notes</relation></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>307,776,780,783,18962</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/11519$$EView_record_in_World_Bank$$FView_record_in_$$GWorld_Bank$$Hfree_for_read</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Madani, Dorsati</creatorcontrib><title>Export Processing Zones</title><description>This note focuses on export processing
zones as potential, useful tools in export promotion, and,
outlines the general features, and objectives of these
zones, highlighting country experiences, and offering policy
recommendations for establishing them. It identifies three
main goals of export processing zones: provision of foreign
exchange earnings; job creation, and income generation; and,
attracts foreign direct investments, which enhances
knowledge, and technology transfer. While common features
are generally shared, export zones are differentiated by
public, or private ownership, or management, and, by
dependent qualities of management, facilities, and services
they provide, namely, defined as "high-end" or
"low-end". Recommendations suggest that export
processing zones is one of a number of tools, used to
off-set anti-export bias, in distorted economies. But just
like other export promotion tools, export zones are a
second-best policy choice. Zones can play a dynamic role in
the development of a country, provided they are adequately
managed, and integrated within national reform, and
liberalization programs. However, zones should not be
established in liberal, low-protection economies, due to the
potential of lower than expected foreign direct investments,
as a result of unattractive laws, and regulations, and
because they may distort trade instruments, introducing
discretionary elements in policy framework.</description><subject>AUTONOMY</subject><subject>BACKWARD LINKAGES</subject><subject>CAPITAL GOODS</subject><subject>COMPETITIVENESS</subject><subject>DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS</subject><subject>DOMESTIC FIRMS</subject><subject>DOMESTIC MARKET</subject><subject>DOMESTIC SALES</subject><subject>ECONOMIC POLICY</subject><subject>EMPLOYMENT</subject><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT</subject><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS</subject><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION</subject><subject>EXPORT</subject><subject>EXPORT BIAS</subject><subject>EXPORT CATALYSTS</subject><subject>EXPORT EARNINGS</subject><subject>EXPORT PROCESSING</subject><subject>EXPORT PROCESSING FIRMS</subject><subject>EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE</subject><subject>EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES</subject><subject>EXPORT PRODUCTION</subject><subject>EXPORT PROMOTION</subject><subject>EXPORT PROMOTION TOOLS</subject><subject>EXPORT STRATEGIES</subject><subject>EXPORTS</subject><subject>FISCAL POLICIES</subject><subject>FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT</subject><subject>FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS</subject><subject>FOREIGN EXCHANGE</subject><subject>FOREIGN EXCHANGE ALLOCATIONS</subject><subject>FOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS</subject><subject>FREE TRADE</subject><subject>FREE TRADE CONDITIONS</subject><subject>FREE TRADE ZONES</subject><subject>GROSS EXPORTS</subject><subject>HUMAN CAPITAL</subject><subject>IMPORTING COUNTRIES</subject><subject>IMPORTS</subject><subject>INCOME</subject><subject>INCOME GENERATION</subject><subject>INCOME TAXES</subject><subject>INDIRECT TAXATION</subject><subject>INDUSTRIAL BASE</subject><subject>INDUSTRIAL ESTATE</subject><subject>INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURE</subject><subject>INDUSTRIAL REFUSE</subject><subject>INDUSTRIALIZATION</subject><subject>INSURANCE</subject><subject>INTERMEDIATE INPUTS</subject><subject>INTERNATIONAL TRADE</subject><subject>INVESTMENT APPLICATIONS</subject><subject>JOB CREATION</subject><subject>KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS</subject><subject>LABOR LAWS</subject><subject>LEGAL & REGULATORY FRAMEWORK</subject><subject>LOCAL EMPLOYEES</subject><subject>LOCAL INPUTS</subject><subject>MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS</subject><subject>MANAGERIAL METHODS</subject><subject>MARKET RATES</subject><subject>MARKET SIZE</subject><subject>MARKETING SKILLS</subject><subject>NATIONAL ECONOMY</subject><subject>NATIONAL PRACTICES</subject><subject>NATIONAL REFORM</subject><subject>NET EXPORTS</subject><subject>NONTRADITIONAL EMPLOYMENT</subject><subject>NONTRADITIONAL EXPORTS</subject><subject>OPPORTUNITY COST</subject><subject>POLICY FRAMEWORK</subject><subject>POLLUTION</subject><subject>PREFERENTIAL TRADE</subject><subject>PREFERENTIAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS</subject><subject>PRESENT VALUE</subject><subject>PRIVATE OWNERSHIP</subject><subject>PRIVATE PROPERTY</subject><subject>PRODUCTIVITY</subject><subject>PUBLIC OWNERSHIP</subject><subject>REFORM POLICY</subject><subject>RULES OF ORIGIN</subject><subject>TAX CONCESSIONS</subject><subject>TAXATION</subject><subject>TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER</subject><subject>TRADE LIBERALIZATION</subject><subject>TRADE POLICY</subject><subject>TRADE POLICY REFORM</subject><subject>TRADE REFORMS</subject><subject>WAGES</subject><subject>WORLD TRADE</subject><subject>WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION FREE EXPORT ZONES</subject><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>book</rsrctype><creationdate>1998</creationdate><recordtype>book</recordtype><sourceid>VO9</sourceid><recordid>eNrjZBB3rSjILypRCCjKT04tLs7MS1eIys9LLeZhYE1LzClO5YXS3Awmbq4hzh665flFOSlJiXnZ8fkFqXnZefnlOakp6alFqQX5xZkl-UWV8YYGlhZm8YaGpoaWxmRqAwAAVjLS</recordid><startdate>199812</startdate><enddate>199812</enddate><creator>Madani, Dorsati</creator><general>World Bank, Washington, DC</general><scope>VO9</scope></search><sort><creationdate>199812</creationdate><title>Export Processing Zones</title><author>Madani, Dorsati</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-worldbank_openknowledgerepository_10986_115193</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>books</rsrctype><prefilter>books</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1998</creationdate><topic>AUTONOMY</topic><topic>BACKWARD LINKAGES</topic><topic>CAPITAL GOODS</topic><topic>COMPETITIVENESS</topic><topic>DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS</topic><topic>DOMESTIC FIRMS</topic><topic>DOMESTIC MARKET</topic><topic>DOMESTIC SALES</topic><topic>ECONOMIC POLICY</topic><topic>EMPLOYMENT</topic><topic>ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT</topic><topic>ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS</topic><topic>ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION</topic><topic>EXPORT</topic><topic>EXPORT BIAS</topic><topic>EXPORT CATALYSTS</topic><topic>EXPORT EARNINGS</topic><topic>EXPORT PROCESSING</topic><topic>EXPORT PROCESSING FIRMS</topic><topic>EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE</topic><topic>EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES</topic><topic>EXPORT PRODUCTION</topic><topic>EXPORT PROMOTION</topic><topic>EXPORT PROMOTION TOOLS</topic><topic>EXPORT STRATEGIES</topic><topic>EXPORTS</topic><topic>FISCAL POLICIES</topic><topic>FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT</topic><topic>FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS</topic><topic>FOREIGN EXCHANGE</topic><topic>FOREIGN EXCHANGE ALLOCATIONS</topic><topic>FOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS</topic><topic>FREE TRADE</topic><topic>FREE TRADE CONDITIONS</topic><topic>FREE TRADE ZONES</topic><topic>GROSS EXPORTS</topic><topic>HUMAN CAPITAL</topic><topic>IMPORTING COUNTRIES</topic><topic>IMPORTS</topic><topic>INCOME</topic><topic>INCOME GENERATION</topic><topic>INCOME TAXES</topic><topic>INDIRECT TAXATION</topic><topic>INDUSTRIAL BASE</topic><topic>INDUSTRIAL ESTATE</topic><topic>INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURE</topic><topic>INDUSTRIAL REFUSE</topic><topic>INDUSTRIALIZATION</topic><topic>INSURANCE</topic><topic>INTERMEDIATE INPUTS</topic><topic>INTERNATIONAL TRADE</topic><topic>INVESTMENT APPLICATIONS</topic><topic>JOB CREATION</topic><topic>KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS</topic><topic>LABOR LAWS</topic><topic>LEGAL & REGULATORY FRAMEWORK</topic><topic>LOCAL EMPLOYEES</topic><topic>LOCAL INPUTS</topic><topic>MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS</topic><topic>MANAGERIAL METHODS</topic><topic>MARKET RATES</topic><topic>MARKET SIZE</topic><topic>MARKETING SKILLS</topic><topic>NATIONAL ECONOMY</topic><topic>NATIONAL PRACTICES</topic><topic>NATIONAL REFORM</topic><topic>NET EXPORTS</topic><topic>NONTRADITIONAL EMPLOYMENT</topic><topic>NONTRADITIONAL EXPORTS</topic><topic>OPPORTUNITY COST</topic><topic>POLICY FRAMEWORK</topic><topic>POLLUTION</topic><topic>PREFERENTIAL TRADE</topic><topic>PREFERENTIAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS</topic><topic>PRESENT VALUE</topic><topic>PRIVATE OWNERSHIP</topic><topic>PRIVATE PROPERTY</topic><topic>PRODUCTIVITY</topic><topic>PUBLIC OWNERSHIP</topic><topic>REFORM POLICY</topic><topic>RULES OF ORIGIN</topic><topic>TAX CONCESSIONS</topic><topic>TAXATION</topic><topic>TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER</topic><topic>TRADE LIBERALIZATION</topic><topic>TRADE POLICY</topic><topic>TRADE POLICY REFORM</topic><topic>TRADE REFORMS</topic><topic>WAGES</topic><topic>WORLD TRADE</topic><topic>WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION FREE EXPORT ZONES</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Madani, Dorsati</creatorcontrib><collection>Open Knowledge Repository</collection></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Madani, Dorsati</au><format>book</format><genre>book</genre><ristype>BOOK</ristype><btitle>Export Processing Zones</btitle><seriestitle>PREM Notes</seriestitle><date>1998-12</date><risdate>1998</risdate><volume>11</volume><abstract>This note focuses on export processing
zones as potential, useful tools in export promotion, and,
outlines the general features, and objectives of these
zones, highlighting country experiences, and offering policy
recommendations for establishing them. It identifies three
main goals of export processing zones: provision of foreign
exchange earnings; job creation, and income generation; and,
attracts foreign direct investments, which enhances
knowledge, and technology transfer. While common features
are generally shared, export zones are differentiated by
public, or private ownership, or management, and, by
dependent qualities of management, facilities, and services
they provide, namely, defined as "high-end" or
"low-end". Recommendations suggest that export
processing zones is one of a number of tools, used to
off-set anti-export bias, in distorted economies. But just
like other export promotion tools, export zones are a
second-best policy choice. Zones can play a dynamic role in
the development of a country, provided they are adequately
managed, and integrated within national reform, and
liberalization programs. However, zones should not be
established in liberal, low-protection economies, due to the
potential of lower than expected foreign direct investments,
as a result of unattractive laws, and regulations, and
because they may distort trade instruments, introducing
discretionary elements in policy framework.</abstract><pub>World Bank, Washington, DC</pub><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_worldbank_openknowledgerepository_10986_11519 |
| source | Open Knowledge Repository |
| subjects | AUTONOMY BACKWARD LINKAGES CAPITAL GOODS COMPETITIVENESS DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DOMESTIC FIRMS DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC SALES ECONOMIC POLICY EMPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION EXPORT EXPORT BIAS EXPORT CATALYSTS EXPORT EARNINGS EXPORT PROCESSING EXPORT PROCESSING FIRMS EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES EXPORT PRODUCTION EXPORT PROMOTION EXPORT PROMOTION TOOLS EXPORT STRATEGIES EXPORTS FISCAL POLICIES FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN EXCHANGE ALLOCATIONS FOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS FREE TRADE FREE TRADE CONDITIONS FREE TRADE ZONES GROSS EXPORTS HUMAN CAPITAL IMPORTING COUNTRIES IMPORTS INCOME INCOME GENERATION INCOME TAXES INDIRECT TAXATION INDUSTRIAL BASE INDUSTRIAL ESTATE INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURE INDUSTRIAL REFUSE INDUSTRIALIZATION INSURANCE INTERMEDIATE INPUTS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INVESTMENT APPLICATIONS JOB CREATION KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS LABOR LAWS LEGAL & REGULATORY FRAMEWORK LOCAL EMPLOYEES LOCAL INPUTS MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS MANAGERIAL METHODS MARKET RATES MARKET SIZE MARKETING SKILLS NATIONAL ECONOMY NATIONAL PRACTICES NATIONAL REFORM NET EXPORTS NONTRADITIONAL EMPLOYMENT NONTRADITIONAL EXPORTS OPPORTUNITY COST POLICY FRAMEWORK POLLUTION PREFERENTIAL TRADE PREFERENTIAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS PRESENT VALUE PRIVATE OWNERSHIP PRIVATE PROPERTY PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC OWNERSHIP REFORM POLICY RULES OF ORIGIN TAX CONCESSIONS TAXATION TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICY TRADE POLICY REFORM TRADE REFORMS WAGES WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION FREE EXPORT ZONES |
| title | Export Processing Zones |
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