Abstract 20628: Multivitamin/Mineral Use and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

IntroductionMultiple prospective studies have attempted to identify the association between multivitamin/mineral (MVM) supplementation and cardiovascular outcomes, but the benefit of MVM remains controversial.HypothesisThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between MVM supplementation and outcomes of cardiovascular disease.MethodsA comprehensive search of Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library between January 1970 and May 2016 was conducted. Prospective cohort studies on the general population evaluating the association between MVM supplementation and cardiovascular disease outcomes were included in the analysis. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted by two independent authors, and a third author resolved discrepancies. A Fixed-effects model was used to calculate the pooled relative risk (RR) of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality, and a random-effects model was used for the pooled RR of CHD.ResultsFourteen studies with 1,847,631 participants comparing cardiovascular outcomes of subjects with and without MVM supplementation were included in the analysis. Included studies were categorized by the reported cardiovascular outcomes and analyses were performed on each category. Overall, there was no association between MVM supplementation and CVD mortality (RR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.98-1.05) or CHD mortality (RR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.90-1.04). In contrast, MVM use was associated with a lower risk of CHD (RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.77-0.97) (figure). No association between MVM supplementation and CVD mortality was observed in subgroups based on duration of MVM use, sex, and presence of CHD at baseline. There was no evidence of publication bias.ConclusionsIn conclusion, our meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies suggests that MVM use is not associated with the risk of CVD mortality or CHD mortality, but is associated with a lower risk of CHD.