Gestational weight gain disparities in South Carolina: Temporal trends, 2004‐2015
Background Few studies have examined secular trends in gestational weight gain (GWG) and findings are inconsistent. Parallel to increasing trends in pre‐pregnancy obesity, we hypothesised similar increasing GWG trends. Objectives The study examined trends in GWG in South Carolina (SC), using methods...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology 2021-01, Vol.35 (1), p.37-46 |
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| creator | Wende, Marilyn E. Liu, Jihong Mclain, Alexander C. Wilcox, Sara |
| description | Background
Few studies have examined secular trends in gestational weight gain (GWG) and findings are inconsistent. Parallel to increasing trends in pre‐pregnancy obesity, we hypothesised similar increasing GWG trends.
Objectives
The study examined trends in GWG in South Carolina (SC), using methods to reduce bias. We also examined whether the 12‐year trends in GWG varied according to race/ethnicity and pre‐pregnancy weight.
Methods
Data came from SC birth certificates, 2004 to 2015. We calculated standardised GWG z‐scores (GWGZ), using smoothed reference values to account for gestational age and pre‐pregnancy body mass index. Quantile regression was used to examine trends in GWGZ, adjusting for pre‐pregnancy weight status, race/ethnicity, parity, WIC participation, smoking during pregnancy, residence, age, and birth cohort.
Results
Among 615 093 women, the mean GWGZ was −0.4 (SD = 1.3), which increased from −0.4 in 2004‐2005 to −0.2 in 2014‐2015. GWGZ increased at the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles (ranging 0.04 to 0.73 units), with differential trends observed in sub‐groups by pre‐pregnancy weight and racial/ethnic group. Notably, non‐Hispanic White women showed larger increasing trends (0.89 units) compared to non‐Hispanic Black (0.55 units) and Hispanic (0.76 units) women in the 5th percentile. Decreasing trends were seen overall for the 90th (−0.02) and 95th percentile (−0.06 units) but positive trends were not seen among women experiencing obese class 1 (no change in 90th and 95th), and 2 (0.01 units in 90th, −0.02 units in 95th).
Conclusions
This study shows increasing GWGZ trends from the 5th to the 75th percentiles and decreasing trends in 90th and 95th percentiles in SC for the last decade. Racial/ethnic and pre‐pregnancy weight disparities did not improve over the study period. Future research is needed to confirm these findings in other states and to develop strategies to narrow racial and pre‐pregnancy weight disparities at the highest and lowest percentiles. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/ppe.12706 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_wiley</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_wiley_primary_10_1111_ppe_12706_PPE12706</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2480776560</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3536-a79561cea2cf4359f78658fa6b7a64598e5a15fb14972840900e24610f6e91eb3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqN0UFL5DAUB_CwKOvo7mG_gBS8rGj1JW2SZm9LGUdB2IFxzyXtvGqk09SkRea2H8HP6CcxMx09LCxsLiHwe4__eyHkG4ULGs5l1-EFZRLEJzKhieBxAlTskQkwoWIOjB2QQ-8fAUBwxT6TgyShSlCQE7KYoe91b2yrm-gZzf1DH91r00ZL4zvtTG_QR-G5sEP_EOXa2ca0-kd0h6vOulDTO2yX_jxiAOnrnxcGlH8h-7VuPH7d3Ufk99X0Lr-Ob3_NbvKft3GV8ETEWiouaIWaVXWacFXLTPCs1qKUWqRcZcg15XVJUyVZloICQJaG2LVARbFMjsj3sW_n7NMQ5ihWxlfYNLpFO_hiiwG44IGe_EUf7eDCzBuVgZSCCwjqdFSVs947rIvOmZV264JCsdl0ETZdbDcd7PGu41CucPkh31cbQDaCZyxt7SuDbYUfbJOLM5nCJiHQ3IyfkNuh7UPp2f-XBn2506bB9b8jF_P5dMz-BmLwpZQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2480776560</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Gestational weight gain disparities in South Carolina: Temporal trends, 2004‐2015</title><source>Access via Wiley Online Library</source><source>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2021<img src="https://exlibris-pub.s3.amazonaws.com/fromwos-v2.jpg" /></source><creator>Wende, Marilyn E. ; Liu, Jihong ; Mclain, Alexander C. ; Wilcox, Sara</creator><creatorcontrib>Wende, Marilyn E. ; Liu, Jihong ; Mclain, Alexander C. ; Wilcox, Sara</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Few studies have examined secular trends in gestational weight gain (GWG) and findings are inconsistent. Parallel to increasing trends in pre‐pregnancy obesity, we hypothesised similar increasing GWG trends.
Objectives
The study examined trends in GWG in South Carolina (SC), using methods to reduce bias. We also examined whether the 12‐year trends in GWG varied according to race/ethnicity and pre‐pregnancy weight.
Methods
Data came from SC birth certificates, 2004 to 2015. We calculated standardised GWG z‐scores (GWGZ), using smoothed reference values to account for gestational age and pre‐pregnancy body mass index. Quantile regression was used to examine trends in GWGZ, adjusting for pre‐pregnancy weight status, race/ethnicity, parity, WIC participation, smoking during pregnancy, residence, age, and birth cohort.
Results
Among 615 093 women, the mean GWGZ was −0.4 (SD = 1.3), which increased from −0.4 in 2004‐2005 to −0.2 in 2014‐2015. GWGZ increased at the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles (ranging 0.04 to 0.73 units), with differential trends observed in sub‐groups by pre‐pregnancy weight and racial/ethnic group. Notably, non‐Hispanic White women showed larger increasing trends (0.89 units) compared to non‐Hispanic Black (0.55 units) and Hispanic (0.76 units) women in the 5th percentile. Decreasing trends were seen overall for the 90th (−0.02) and 95th percentile (−0.06 units) but positive trends were not seen among women experiencing obese class 1 (no change in 90th and 95th), and 2 (0.01 units in 90th, −0.02 units in 95th).
Conclusions
This study shows increasing GWGZ trends from the 5th to the 75th percentiles and decreasing trends in 90th and 95th percentiles in SC for the last decade. Racial/ethnic and pre‐pregnancy weight disparities did not improve over the study period. Future research is needed to confirm these findings in other states and to develop strategies to narrow racial and pre‐pregnancy weight disparities at the highest and lowest percentiles.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0269-5022</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-3016</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12706</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33196107</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>HOBOKEN: Wiley</publisher><subject>Body mass ; Body mass index ; Body size ; Ethnicity ; Gestational age ; gestational weight gain ; health inequalities ; Hispanic people ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; maternal obesity ; Minority & ethnic groups ; Obesity ; Obstetrics & Gynecology ; Pediatrics ; Pregnancy ; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health ; quantile regression ; Race ; Science & Technology ; Trends ; Weight</subject><ispartof>Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology, 2021-01, Vol.35 (1), p.37-46</ispartof><rights>2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd</rights><rights>2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>true</woscitedreferencessubscribed><woscitedreferencescount>8</woscitedreferencescount><woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid>wos000552740100001</woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3536-a79561cea2cf4359f78658fa6b7a64598e5a15fb14972840900e24610f6e91eb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3536-a79561cea2cf4359f78658fa6b7a64598e5a15fb14972840900e24610f6e91eb3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8685-3036</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fppe.12706$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fppe.12706$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,1418,27929,27930,39263,45579,45580</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33196107$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wende, Marilyn E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Jihong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mclain, Alexander C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilcox, Sara</creatorcontrib><title>Gestational weight gain disparities in South Carolina: Temporal trends, 2004‐2015</title><title>Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology</title><addtitle>PAEDIATR PERINAT EP</addtitle><addtitle>Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol</addtitle><description>Background
Few studies have examined secular trends in gestational weight gain (GWG) and findings are inconsistent. Parallel to increasing trends in pre‐pregnancy obesity, we hypothesised similar increasing GWG trends.
Objectives
The study examined trends in GWG in South Carolina (SC), using methods to reduce bias. We also examined whether the 12‐year trends in GWG varied according to race/ethnicity and pre‐pregnancy weight.
Methods
Data came from SC birth certificates, 2004 to 2015. We calculated standardised GWG z‐scores (GWGZ), using smoothed reference values to account for gestational age and pre‐pregnancy body mass index. Quantile regression was used to examine trends in GWGZ, adjusting for pre‐pregnancy weight status, race/ethnicity, parity, WIC participation, smoking during pregnancy, residence, age, and birth cohort.
Results
Among 615 093 women, the mean GWGZ was −0.4 (SD = 1.3), which increased from −0.4 in 2004‐2005 to −0.2 in 2014‐2015. GWGZ increased at the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles (ranging 0.04 to 0.73 units), with differential trends observed in sub‐groups by pre‐pregnancy weight and racial/ethnic group. Notably, non‐Hispanic White women showed larger increasing trends (0.89 units) compared to non‐Hispanic Black (0.55 units) and Hispanic (0.76 units) women in the 5th percentile. Decreasing trends were seen overall for the 90th (−0.02) and 95th percentile (−0.06 units) but positive trends were not seen among women experiencing obese class 1 (no change in 90th and 95th), and 2 (0.01 units in 90th, −0.02 units in 95th).
Conclusions
This study shows increasing GWGZ trends from the 5th to the 75th percentiles and decreasing trends in 90th and 95th percentiles in SC for the last decade. Racial/ethnic and pre‐pregnancy weight disparities did not improve over the study period. Future research is needed to confirm these findings in other states and to develop strategies to narrow racial and pre‐pregnancy weight disparities at the highest and lowest percentiles.</description><subject>Body mass</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Body size</subject><subject>Ethnicity</subject><subject>Gestational age</subject><subject>gestational weight gain</subject><subject>health inequalities</subject><subject>Hispanic people</subject><subject>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</subject><subject>maternal obesity</subject><subject>Minority & ethnic groups</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Obstetrics & Gynecology</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Public, Environmental & Occupational Health</subject><subject>quantile regression</subject><subject>Race</subject><subject>Science & Technology</subject><subject>Trends</subject><subject>Weight</subject><issn>0269-5022</issn><issn>1365-3016</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>HGBXW</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0UFL5DAUB_CwKOvo7mG_gBS8rGj1JW2SZm9LGUdB2IFxzyXtvGqk09SkRea2H8HP6CcxMx09LCxsLiHwe4__eyHkG4ULGs5l1-EFZRLEJzKhieBxAlTskQkwoWIOjB2QQ-8fAUBwxT6TgyShSlCQE7KYoe91b2yrm-gZzf1DH91r00ZL4zvtTG_QR-G5sEP_EOXa2ca0-kd0h6vOulDTO2yX_jxiAOnrnxcGlH8h-7VuPH7d3Ufk99X0Lr-Ob3_NbvKft3GV8ETEWiouaIWaVXWacFXLTPCs1qKUWqRcZcg15XVJUyVZloICQJaG2LVARbFMjsj3sW_n7NMQ5ihWxlfYNLpFO_hiiwG44IGe_EUf7eDCzBuVgZSCCwjqdFSVs947rIvOmZV264JCsdl0ETZdbDcd7PGu41CucPkh31cbQDaCZyxt7SuDbYUfbJOLM5nCJiHQ3IyfkNuh7UPp2f-XBn2506bB9b8jF_P5dMz-BmLwpZQ</recordid><startdate>202101</startdate><enddate>202101</enddate><creator>Wende, Marilyn E.</creator><creator>Liu, Jihong</creator><creator>Mclain, Alexander C.</creator><creator>Wilcox, Sara</creator><general>Wiley</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>HGBXW</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8685-3036</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202101</creationdate><title>Gestational weight gain disparities in South Carolina: Temporal trends, 2004‐2015</title><author>Wende, Marilyn E. ; Liu, Jihong ; Mclain, Alexander C. ; Wilcox, Sara</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3536-a79561cea2cf4359f78658fa6b7a64598e5a15fb14972840900e24610f6e91eb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Body mass</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Body size</topic><topic>Ethnicity</topic><topic>Gestational age</topic><topic>gestational weight gain</topic><topic>health inequalities</topic><topic>Hispanic people</topic><topic>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</topic><topic>maternal obesity</topic><topic>Minority & ethnic groups</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Obstetrics & Gynecology</topic><topic>Pediatrics</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Public, Environmental & Occupational Health</topic><topic>quantile regression</topic><topic>Race</topic><topic>Science & Technology</topic><topic>Trends</topic><topic>Weight</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wende, Marilyn E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Jihong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mclain, Alexander C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilcox, Sara</creatorcontrib><collection>Web of Science Core Collection</collection><collection>Science Citation Index Expanded</collection><collection>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2021</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wende, Marilyn E.</au><au>Liu, Jihong</au><au>Mclain, Alexander C.</au><au>Wilcox, Sara</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Gestational weight gain disparities in South Carolina: Temporal trends, 2004‐2015</atitle><jtitle>Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology</jtitle><stitle>PAEDIATR PERINAT EP</stitle><addtitle>Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol</addtitle><date>2021-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>37</spage><epage>46</epage><pages>37-46</pages><issn>0269-5022</issn><eissn>1365-3016</eissn><abstract>Background
Few studies have examined secular trends in gestational weight gain (GWG) and findings are inconsistent. Parallel to increasing trends in pre‐pregnancy obesity, we hypothesised similar increasing GWG trends.
Objectives
The study examined trends in GWG in South Carolina (SC), using methods to reduce bias. We also examined whether the 12‐year trends in GWG varied according to race/ethnicity and pre‐pregnancy weight.
Methods
Data came from SC birth certificates, 2004 to 2015. We calculated standardised GWG z‐scores (GWGZ), using smoothed reference values to account for gestational age and pre‐pregnancy body mass index. Quantile regression was used to examine trends in GWGZ, adjusting for pre‐pregnancy weight status, race/ethnicity, parity, WIC participation, smoking during pregnancy, residence, age, and birth cohort.
Results
Among 615 093 women, the mean GWGZ was −0.4 (SD = 1.3), which increased from −0.4 in 2004‐2005 to −0.2 in 2014‐2015. GWGZ increased at the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles (ranging 0.04 to 0.73 units), with differential trends observed in sub‐groups by pre‐pregnancy weight and racial/ethnic group. Notably, non‐Hispanic White women showed larger increasing trends (0.89 units) compared to non‐Hispanic Black (0.55 units) and Hispanic (0.76 units) women in the 5th percentile. Decreasing trends were seen overall for the 90th (−0.02) and 95th percentile (−0.06 units) but positive trends were not seen among women experiencing obese class 1 (no change in 90th and 95th), and 2 (0.01 units in 90th, −0.02 units in 95th).
Conclusions
This study shows increasing GWGZ trends from the 5th to the 75th percentiles and decreasing trends in 90th and 95th percentiles in SC for the last decade. Racial/ethnic and pre‐pregnancy weight disparities did not improve over the study period. Future research is needed to confirm these findings in other states and to develop strategies to narrow racial and pre‐pregnancy weight disparities at the highest and lowest percentiles.</abstract><cop>HOBOKEN</cop><pub>Wiley</pub><pmid>33196107</pmid><doi>10.1111/ppe.12706</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8685-3036</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Body mass Body mass index Body size Ethnicity Gestational age gestational weight gain health inequalities Hispanic people Life Sciences & Biomedicine maternal obesity Minority & ethnic groups Obesity Obstetrics & Gynecology Pediatrics Pregnancy Public, Environmental & Occupational Health quantile regression Race Science & Technology Trends Weight |
| title | Gestational weight gain disparities in South Carolina: Temporal trends, 2004‐2015 |
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