Utilization of CaF2/ITO Double‐Layer Anti‐Reflective Coating for Increasing the Efficiency in Rear Emitter SHJ Solar Cells

A method to minimize optical losses in the front side of rear emitter silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells by applying double‐layer antireflection coating (DLARC) has been examined. The primary aim is to increase the short circuit current density (Jsc) using DLARC that is associated with the cell's absorbance. The optical and electrical properties of single‐layer antireflection coating (SLARC) are studied and compared with calcium fluoride (CaF2)/Indium tin oxide (ITO) DLARC.OPAL 2 is utilized as a simulation tool to increase the optical properties of CaF2/ITO DLARC, and the experimental result verifies its validity. ITO is deposited using sputter system while thermal evaporator is utilized to deposit CaF2 to make DLARC. The SHJ solar cell having DLARC demonstrates the average reflection of 6.55% which is 31.7% less than SLARC, that is 9.59% for the wavelength range of 300 to 1100 nm. The fabricated textured solar cell with CaF2/ITO DLARC shows enhancement in external quantum efficiency from 76.89% to 81.06%. It also indicates an improvement in Jsc to 40.83 mA cm‐2 from 39.91 mA cm–2 and having a conversion efficiency of >21% when compared with that of ITO SLARC. The objective of the study is to investigate the optical, structural, and electrical properties of calcium fluoride/Indium tin oxide (ITO) double layer anti reflection coating on silicon heterojunction solar cell. Current density increased from 39.91 to 40.83 mA cm–2 and efficiency improved from 20.45% to 21.05% when compared to solar cell with only ITO coating.